考点7--推理判断之目的和意图--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年目的和意图考点归纳】【2023年高考命题预测】推理判断之目的和意图考点是高考中的必考点。
一篇发表的文章总有其作者的写作目的和用意，他一定是为了说明和阐述一个观点或说服读者同意某个立场或观点。
做这类题时，我们一定要站在作者的角度上看问题，把自己当成读者。
预测在2023高考中，目的和意图会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之目的和意图考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?The purpose of the text is to get more people to _______.The writer of the story wants to tell us that________.The fact…is mentioned by the author to show________.The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________.写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。
作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。
这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。
考例分析：1.B【2022·新高考I卷】Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a ye ar go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away —from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it wou ld be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? V olunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to notinclude the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A. We pay little attention to food waste.B. We waste food unintentionally at times.C. We waste more vegetables than meat.D. We have good reasons for wasting food.【答案】4. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
