专业八级英美文学知识

英国文学(English Literature)一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English songCynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christc. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901)2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer:* Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风：vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftnessthe father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”couplet; 首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作)* William Langland(朗兰1332-1400)：The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471):Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547)a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance文风：a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie Queen《仙后》：long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗),and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.2) Prose 散文a. Thomas More(莫尔1478-1535): 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人Utopia《乌托邦》: More与海员的对话b. John Lyly (黎里1553-160，剧作家&小说家)：EupheusEuphuism(夸饰文体): Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations(头韵) and other artificial prosodic(韵律) means.The use of odd similes(明喻) and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon (培根1561-1626)：英国首位散文家，中世纪至现代欧洲时期; 近代唯物主义哲学奠基人和近代实验科学先驱the trumpeter of a new age;Essays(论说文集)：Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classic3) 戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe(马洛1564-1593): University Wits 大学才子派Edward II；The Jew of Malta《马耳他的犹太人》first made blank verse(无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗) the principle instrument of English dramaThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成; 完善了无韵体诗。

中古时期15世纪以前一、Anglo-Saxon Period 449-10661.Roman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon Conquest, Norman Conquest. Norman Conquest(1066) marked thebeginning of Medieval English literature, which ended around the end of the 15th century. chivalry骑士精神2.Old English: Language spoken by Anglo-Saxons Alliteration: the repetition of the initial sounds in poetry.Romance: 传奇故事,骑士Epic: long narrative poem adventures of hero3.Beowulf: alliterative epic头韵史诗, 民族史诗Pagan异教the tribal society部落社会、4.Caedmon:卡德蒙Caedmon’s Hymn或Anthem Cynewulf基涅武甫二、中古时期1066-14851. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight高文爵士和绿衣骑士Middle English romance传奇→亚瑟王,圆桌骑士2. Thomas Marlory托马斯·马洛礼Le More D’Arthur亚瑟王之死散文→对亚瑟王,圆桌骑士的总结3. William Langland威廉·郎格兰Piers the Plowman耕者皮尔斯alliterative epic头韵长诗allegory寓言4. Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利•乔叟14世纪Age of Chaucer乔叟时代the father of English poetry英国诗歌之父the father of English fiction英国小说之父The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集realistic 八音节Octosyllabic 英雄双韵体Heroic CoupletThe House of Fame声誉之堂三、Ballad 民谣15世纪folk literature民间文学The Robin Hood Ballads罗宾汉民谣`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 文艺复兴时期The Renaissance Period 14世纪-17世纪中期Spenserian Stanza斯宾塞诗体Each stanza has nine line前八行为五步抑扬格imabic pentameterNinth line of six iambic feet第九行为六步抑扬格押韵方式为ababbcbcc Sonnet十四行诗Thomas Wyatt托马斯·怀亚特the first introduce the sonnet into English literature一、诗歌Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞Poet’s Poet诗人中的诗人Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人The Faerie Queene仙后二、散文1.Thomas More托马斯·莫尔Utopia乌托邦 a ideal society2.Francis Bacon培根the first English Essayist Essays随笔(Of Studies论学习;Of Truth论真理)The Advancement of Learning学术的进展The New Instrument新工具The New Atlantis新大西岛三、戏剧1.Christopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛University Wits大学才子派Blank Verse首创无韵诗Tamburlaine帖木耳The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧历史The Jew of Malta马耳他岛的犹太人2.William Shakespeare莎士比亚四大悲剧Hamlet哈姆雷特King Lear李尔王Othello奥赛罗Macbeth麦克白另:悲剧罗密欧与朱丽叶The Tempest暴风雨喜剧Comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人As You Like It皆大欢喜The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记Twelfth Night第十二夜历史剧historical plays: Henry Ⅳ亨利四世Henry Ⅴ亨利五世长诗Long poem: Venus and Adonis维纳斯和阿多尼斯The Rape of Lucrece露克丽丝受辱记3. Ben Jonson本·琼森satirical comedy讽刺喜剧Voipone狐狸`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` The Period of Revolution(Milton) and Restoration(Dryden) 资产阶级革命和王朝复辟时期17世纪一、资产阶级革命时期诗人1. John Milton约翰·弥尔顿清教徒诗人Paradise Lost失乐园Paradise Regained复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙2. John Donne约翰·多恩Metaphysical Poetry玄学派诗歌创始人Songs and Sonnets歌谣与十四行诗 A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning分别:莫忧伤The Sun Rising日出The Holy Sonnets神圣十四行诗Death, Be Not Pround死神莫骄傲The Fle a跳骚3. George Herbert乔治·赫伯特Saint of the Metaphysical School玄学派诗圣The Altar 祭坛二、王朝复辟时期的散文家1. John Bunyan约翰·班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程religious allegory宗教寓言Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners罪人受恩记The life and Death of Mr. Badman贝德曼先生的一生The Holy War圣战2. John Dryden约翰·德莱顿英国批评文学之父the father of English criticismThe forerunner of the English classical school of literature英国古典主义的先驱者Poet Laureate桂冠诗人,散文家,剧作家于一身An Essay of Dramatic Poesy论戏剧诗歌All for Love一切为了爱情Absalom and Achitophel押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 启蒙运动时期The Age of Enlightenment 18世纪The Age of Reason理性时期Neo-classicism新古典主义Sentimentalism感伤主义一、新古典主义作家1. Alexander Pope蒲柏the first to introduce rationalism to England.An Essay on Criticism论批评Essay on Man人论The Rape of the Lock夺发记(讽刺史诗)2. Joseph Addison约瑟夫·艾迪生The Tattler闲谈者The Spectator旁观者3. Samuel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰逊Lives of Poets诗人传The Dictionary of the English Language英语字典二、现实主义作家1. Danniel Defoe丹尼尔•迪福Father of English and European novels英国和欧洲小说之父Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记Captain Singleton辛格顿船长Moll Flanders莫尔弗兰德斯A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年日记2. Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特an Irish master of satiresGulliver’s Travels格列佛游记 A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议 A Tale of a Tub一只桶的故事3. Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 汤姆琼斯Joseph Andrews约瑟夫安德鲁斯Amelia阿米莉亚Jonathan Wild the Great大伟人乔纳森维尔德四、感伤主义作家Sentimental Tradtion1.Samuel Richardson 塞缪尔·理查逊Pamela帕美拉Clarissa Harlowe克拉丽莎Sir Charles Grandison格兰迪生2. Laurence Sterne劳伦斯·斯特恩Tristram Shandy项狄传3. Oliver Goldsmith奥利弗·戈德史密斯The Deserted Village荒村The Vicar of Wakefield维克菲尔德牧师The Citizen of the World世界公民4.Thomas Gray托马斯·格雷The Graveyard School墓畔派Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard墓园挽歌五、18世纪英国戏剧1. John Gay约翰·盖伊The Beggar’s Opera乞丐歌剧2. Richard Brinsley Sheridan理查德·谢立丹The School for Scandal造谣学校The Rivals情敌`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 浪漫主义时期The Age of Romanticism1798 Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集beginning1832 the death of the last Romantic writer Walter Scott end一、前浪漫主义诗人1. James Thomson詹姆斯·汤姆森The Seasons四季歌2. William Blake布莱克Songs of Innocence 天真之歌Songs of Experience经验之歌3. Robert Burns彭斯the national poet of Scotland苏格兰民族诗人A Red, Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心在高原Auld Lang Syne昔日时光The Tree of liberty自由树二、湖畔诗人(新一代浪漫主义诗人)1. William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯桂冠诗人Poet LaureateLyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集与柯勒律治合著I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud我似流云天自游T he Prelude序曲To the Cuckoo致布谷鸟An Evening Walk黄昏漫步Lucy Poems露西组诗The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦女2. Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治Lyrical Ballads中The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子咏The Fall of the Bastille巴士底狱的倒塌Kubla Khan忽必烈Christabel克里斯塔贝尔3.Robert Southey骚塞桂冠诗人三、第二代浪漫主义诗人1. George Gordon Byron乔治·戈登·拜伦Byronic Hero拜伦式英雄Don Juan唐璜Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage恰罗德·哈罗德游记She Walks in Beauty她在美中行Hebrew Melodies希伯菜歌曲When We Two Parted昔日依依别2. Percy Bysshe Shelley波西•比希•雪莱Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯Ode to the West Wind/a Skylark西风颂Ode to the a Skylark云雀颂 A Defence of Poetry诗辩The Necessity of Atheism无神论的必然3. John Keats约翰·济兹Beauty is truth, truth beauty.Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂Dde To Autumn秋颂四、浪漫主义时期的散文家1. Charles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚故事集Old China古旧的瓷器Essay of Elia伊利亚散文集2. William Hazlitt威廉·哈兹利特Table Talk桌边文谈The Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays莎士比亚戏剧中的人物Lectures on the English Poets论英国诗人The Spirit of the Age时代精神3. Thomas De Quincey托马斯·德·昆西The Confession of an English Opium-Eater一个抽鸦片人的自白五、浪漫主义时期小说1. Walter Scott瓦尔特·司各特西欧历史小说之父Ivanhoe艾凡赫Waverley威弗利The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border苏格兰边区歌谣集The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人Rob Roy罗布罗伊2. Jane Austin简•奥斯丁the first English woman novelistPride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见(Darcy达西)Sense and Sensibility理智与情感Emma爱玛Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德公园Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺Persuasion劝导`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 维多利亚时期The Victorian Period 1836-1901 Critical Realism批判现实主义一、批判现实主义小说家1. Charles Dickens狄更斯Oliver Twist雾都孤儿The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店Dombey and Son董贝父子;David Copperfield大卫·科波菲尔American Notes美国札记A Tale of Two Cities双城记Bleak House荒凉山庄Hard Times艰难时世Great Expectation远大前程2. William Makepeace Thackeray萨克雷Vanity Fair名利场The Virginians弗吉尼亚人The Newcomes纽克姆一家3.勃朗特三姐妹Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂·勃郎特the forerunner of the feminism and the feminism lirerature女权主义Jane Eyre简爱Professor教师Shirley雪丽Emily Bronte爱米丽·勃郎特Wuthering Height呼啸山庄Anne Bronte安妮·勃郎特Agnes Grey艾格尼斯·格雷4. Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell盖斯凯尔Mary Barton玛丽巴顿Life of Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂勃郎特传5. George Eliot乔治·爱略特Adam Bede亚当·比德The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊6. Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代 a transitional writer Tess of D’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝Jude the Obscure无名的裘德Far from the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣Under the Greenwood Tree绿茵下二、维多利亚时期的诗歌Tennyson, Browning, Arnold→The Big Three of Victorian poets1. Alfred Tennyson丁尼生Poet of the People人民的诗人Poems of Two Brothers两兄弟诗集The Princess公主In Memoriam 悼念Crossing the Bar过沙洲Idylls of the King国王叙事诗Ulysses尤利西斯Break, Break, Break拍吧,拍吧,拍吧2. Robert Browning 罗伯特·勃朗宁Dramatic monologues戏剧独白My Last Duchess我的前公爵夫人Pippa Passes皮帕走过了Men and Women男男女女The Ring and the Book指环与书Meeting at Night月夜相会3. Matthew Arnold马修·阿诺德Dover Beach多佛海滩`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 现代主义时期The Modern Period一、小说家1. John Galsworthy高尔斯华绥The Forsyte Saga福尔塞世家(三部曲)(The Man of Property有产业的人In Chancery骑虎难下To Let出租2. Katharine Mansfield凯瑟琳·曼斯菲尔德Bliss幸福二、剧作家playwrights1. Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德The Picture of Dorain Gray道林·格林的画像The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子故事集2. George Bernard Shaw萧伯纳获诺贝尔文学奖Pygmalion皮革玛丽翁Man and Superman人与超人Major Barbara巴巴拉少校Quintessence of Ibsenism易卜生主义精华Widower’s Houses鳏夫的房产Mrs Warren’s Profession华伦夫人的职业Heartbreak House伤心之家Saint Joan圣女贞德3. John Osborne约翰·奥斯本Look Back in Anger愤怒的回顾4. Samuel Beckett塞缪尔·贝克特Waiting for Godot等待戈多获诺贝尔文学奖三、诗人1. William Butler Yeats叶芝获诺贝尔文学奖The Tower古堡The Land of Heart’s Desire心愿之乡Leda and the Swan丽达与天鹅The Second Coming基督再临Sailing to Byzantium驶向拜占庭2. T homas S tearns Eliot艾略特获诺贝尔文学奖The Waste Land荒原The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock阿尔弗雷德普鲁夫洛克的情歌Four Quarters四个四重奏The Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会四、心理小说Psychological Fictions1. D avid H erbert Lawrence劳伦斯Sons and Lovers儿子与情人The Rainbow虹Women in Love恋爱中的女人The White Peacock白孔雀Lady Chatterley’s Lovers查泰莱夫人的情人2. James Joyce乔伊斯意识流的先驱Dubliners都柏林人Ulysses尤利西斯 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man青年艺术家的画像Finnegans Wake芬尼根的觉醒3. Virginia Woolf沃尔芙意识流女作家Stream of ConsciousnessMrs Dalloway达洛威夫人To the Lighthouse到灯塔去Orlando奥兰多The Waves浪A Room of One’s Own自己的房间Three Guineas三个基尼John Fowles约翰·福尔斯The French Lieutenant’s Woman法国中尉的女人`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` 美国文学`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` Colonial 1607-1765 and Revolutionary 1765-18c末Period （17世纪-18世纪末）一、Colonial writers1. John Smith (约翰·史密斯) “ the first autho r” in American literatureA True Relation of Virginia 关于佛吉尼亚的真实叙述“ the first book” in American literature2. William Bradford the first governor of Plymouth 普利茅斯3. John Winthrop A Model of Christian Charity 基督教之爱清教徒主义作家Anne Bradstreet The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America 最近在美洲出现的第十位缪斯Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will 论意志自由The Nature of True VirtueThe Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended 罪人在愤怒的上帝手中二、启蒙时期和独立战争时期1. Benjamin Franklin 启蒙运动代表人物one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America Poor Richard’s Almanac ( 格言历书) 代表作：The Autobiography 早期美国梦的反映2. Roger Williams Puritanical dissenter 清教反对者3. Thomas Paine the Father of American Revolution美国独立之父The Common Sense the greatest of the Revolutionary pamphletsThe Age of Reason The Rights of Man支持了法国革命The American Crisis鼓励殖民地抵抗英国军队4.Philip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺the Father of American Poetry美国诗歌之父 a poet of the American Revolution革命诗人The Rising Glory of America美洲光辉的兴起The Wild Honey Suckle 野金银花The Indian Burying Ground印第安人的殡葬地首次创造the Noble Savage 高贵的野蛮人5.Thomas Jefferson 美第三任总统Agrarians 重农主义代表人物Declaration of Independence`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` American Romanticism (提倡个人主义) 美国的文艺复兴18世纪末---19世纪中后期一、早期浪漫主义1. Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文the Father of American Literature美国文学之父indigenous humour The Sketch Book marked the beginning标志美国浪漫主义的开始第一个赢得国际声誉包括：The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷传说Rip Van Winkle The Alhambra等7部A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty纽约外史诙谐杰作2. James Fennimore Cooper 费尼莫尔·库伯西进运动边疆小说Leatherstocking Tale皮袜子故事集5部曲about the frontier life of American settlers包括：The Pioneers拓荒者The Last of Mohicans最后的莫西干人（Natty Bumpoo班波）、The Prairie草原The Pathfinder探路者The Deerslayer杀鹿者The Spy 间谍The Pilot 领航者二、超验主义作家1. Ralph Waldo Emerson New England TranscendentalismNature论自然the manifesto of American Transcendentalism超验主义宣言超验主义理论的圣经The American Scholar美国学者指出美学者应创造自己的文学风格，不应盲从Self-Reliance论自立2. Henry David Thoreau亨利·大卫·梭罗Walden瓦尔登湖超验主义作品Civil Disobedience论公民之不服从Nathaniel Hawthorne 霍桑human soul symbolism象征主义大师The Scarlet Letter红字代表作Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇The Marble Faun玉石雕像Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗Herman Melville赫尔曼·梅尔维尔Moby Dick白鲸Typee泰比Omoo欧穆诗人1. Walt Whitman沃尔特·惠特曼the father of Free VerseLeaves of Grass草叶集(标志浪漫主义截止) American Epic美国史诗Democratic Bible共和圣经Song of Myself自我之歌O Captain！My Captain2.Emily Dickinson 迪金森美国女诗人Because I Could Not Stop for Death因为我不能等待死神I’m Nobody. Who Are You我是无名小卒,你是谁This Is My Letter to the World I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died埃德加·爱伦·坡Edgar Allan Poe 短篇小说大师first writer of detective story侦探小说The Raven乌鸦The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌The Poetic Principle诗歌原理The Philosophy of Composition创作哲学Murders in the Rue Morgue莫各街谋杀案三、炉边诗人1. William Cullen Bryant 布莱恩特To a Waterfowl致水鸟Thanatopsis死亡随想The Yellow Violet黄色的堇香花2.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 朗佛罗native themesA Psalm of Life人生礼赞The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌Evangeline伊凡吉林`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` Realistic Period 现实主义时期19世纪中期----20世纪初诱因American industrialization 马克·吐温→The Gilded Age镀金年代Gold Rush淘金热Harriet Beecher Stowe哈丽特·比彻·斯托废奴主义者Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋一、现实主义作家1. William Dean Howells霍威尔斯The Rise of Silas Lapham塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹 A Modern Instance一个现代的例证A Hazard of New Fortunes新财富的危害2. Henry James亨利·詹姆斯世态小说novel of mannersThe Potrait of a Lady贵妇人的肖像Daisy Miller黛西·米勒The Ambassadors大使The Wings of the Dove鸽翼The Golden Bowl金碗Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术二、乡土文学作家Local Literature1. Mark Twain马克·吐温(Samuel Longhorne Clemens) critic colloquial style localismThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利•费恩历险记现代美国文学起源The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆•索亚历险记Life on the Mississippi密西西比河上The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记The Gilded Age镀金时代The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿The;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人Roughing It苦行记2. Hamlin Garland哈姆林·加兰德Main Traveled Road大路条条三、自然主义作家Naturalism自然主义1. Stephen Crane斯蒂芬•克莱恩Magie: A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章The Open Boat海上扁舟2. Frank Norris弗兰克·诺里斯The Octopus章鱼3. Theodore Dreise r西奥多·德莱塞An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘The Genius天才Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲（The Financer金融家The Titan巨人The Stoic斯多葛）4. Edwin Arlington Robinson鲁宾逊The Man Against the Sky衬托着天空的人5. Jack London杰克·伦敦Marti Eden马丁·伊登The Son of the Wolf狼之子The Sea-wolf海狼The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤White Fang白獠牙The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们The Iron Heel铁蹄What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么Love of Life热爱生命The Mexican墨西哥人Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下The Law of Life 生活的法则6. Upton Sinclair厄普顿·辛克莱尔The Jungle屠场（揭发黑幕运动的代表作家）Oil石油Spring and Harvest春天与收获;O．Henry (William Sidney Porter) the father of the modern short story美国现代短篇小说之父The Cop and the Anthem警察与赞美诗The Gift of Magi麦琪的礼物The Last Leaf最后一片叶子`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` American Modernism 现代主义时期一、二战前诗歌1. Ezra Pound艾兹拉·庞德The father of modern American poetry美国现代诗歌创始人Imagism意象主义The father of Imagist poetry意象派诗歌之父Cathay华夏集(英译中国诗) The Cantos诗章In a Station of the Metro地铁站里 A Pact协约2. Robert Frost罗伯特·弗罗斯特New England poetA Boy’s Wish少年心愿North of Boston波士顿之北Mending Wall修墙Fire and Ice火与冰Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening雪夜林边小驻After Apple-picking摘苹果之后The Road Not taken未选择的道路West-running Brook西流的溪流New Hampshire新罕布什尔3. Wallace Stevens华莱士·史蒂文斯Harmonium风琴The Man With the Blue Guitar弹蓝吉他的人Sunday Morning星期天早晨The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦Collected Poems诗集二、二战前小说1. Francis Scott Fitzgerald弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德表现一战后年轻一代美国梦的破灭The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比The Side of Paradise人间天堂Tender is the Night夜色温柔The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和该死的Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们The Last Tycoon最后的巨头The Crack-up崩溃2. Ernest Hemingway海明威(“迷惘的一代”的代表人物) 老人与海获Pulitzer Prize和Noble Prize The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起Farewell to Arms永别了,武器For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣In Our Time在我们的年代里The Torrents of Spring春潮Men Without Women没有女人的男人Death in the Afternoon死在午后3. Sinclair Lewis辛克莱·刘易斯(美国第一个获诺贝尔奖) Main Street大街Babbitt巴比特4. William Faulkner福克纳Soldiers’ Pay兵饷The Sound and the Fury喧嚣与骚动As I lay dying在我弥留之际Light in August八月之光Absalom, Absolam押沙龙，押沙龙The Hamlet村子Go Down, Moses去吧，摩西 A Rose for Emily给艾米丽小姐的玫瑰5. John Steinbeck约翰·斯坦贝克The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄Tortilla Flat煎饼房In Dubious Battle胜负未定The Pearl珍珠Of Mice and Men鼠和人The Moon is Down月亮下去了6. Sherwood Anderson舍伍德·安德森The Triumph of the Egg鸡蛋的胜利三、二战前戏剧Eugene O’neil 尤金·奥尼尔Beyond the Horizon天边外The Iceman Cometh送冰的人来了The Long Days Journey Into Night长夜漫漫路迢迢The Hairy Ape毛猿Desire under the Elms榆树下的欲望Pearl S. Buck 赛珍珠The Good Earth大地四、二战后1945后The Beat Generation垮掉的一代Black Humor黑色幽默1. Ralph Ellison拉尔夫·埃里森Invisible Man隐形人2. Saul Bellow索尔·贝娄Dangling Man晃来晃去/挂起来的人Seize the Day勿失良机3. J D Salinger杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格The Cather in the Rye麦田守望者4. John Updike Rabbit Series 兔子系列5. Joseph Heller 约瑟夫·海勒Catch-22第22条军规黑色幽默代表作6. Arthur Miller阿瑟·米勒剧作家The Death of a Salesman推销员之死7. Tennessee Williams 田纳西·威廉姆斯 A Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车8. Allen Ginsberg 艾伦·金斯堡Howl嚎叫9. Edward Albee爱德华·阿尔比The Zoo Story动物园的故事Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf10. Jack Kerouac 杰克·克鲁亚克On the Road在路上11. William Styron 威廉·斯泰伦Sophie’s Choice苏菲的选择。

1.William Faulkner is the author of _________.a. For From the Madding Crowdb. The Sound and Furyc. For Whom the Bell Tollsd. The Scarlet Letter2. Robert Frost is a famous __________.a. novelistb. Playwrightc. poetd. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by _________.a. Jack Londonb. Charles Dickensc.Samuel Coleridged. Ernest Hemingway4. Which of the following poets is different from the others?a. John Donne.b. John Keats.c. Lord Byron.d. Percy Bysshe Shelley5. Which of the following is not written by William Shakespeare?a. Othello.b. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus.c. Romeo and Juliet.d. The Twelfth Night.6. Beowulf narrates a story taking palce in _______.a. the Mediterraneanb. Northern Europec. Englandd. Scandinavia7. __________ refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.a. Allegoryb. Conflictc. Ironyd.Flashback8. William Wordsworth is an English ___________.a. poetb. novelistc. playwrightd. critic9. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is __________.a. Natureb. Waldenc. Experienced. Essays10. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT________.a. Dublinersb. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Manc. Jude the Obscured. Ulysses11. The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT _______.a. The Tenant of Wildfell Hallb. Jane Eyrec. Wuthering Heightsd. Agnes Grey12. In which novel can “Yahoo” be found?a. John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress.b. Edmund Spencer’s The Faerie Queen.c. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.d. Henry Fielding’s Tom Jones.13. The Victorian Age was largely an age of _________, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.a. pessimismb. naturalismc. modernismd. critical realism14. Mark Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a combination of _______ and seriou s literature.a. American folk humorb. funny jokesc. English folklored. American values15. Who was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War?a. Fennimore Cooper.b. Nathaniel Hawthorn.c. Walt Whitmand. Washington Irving.16. Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by _________.a. Christopher Marlowb. John Miltonc. William Shakespeared. Ben Johnson17. I Have a Dream is addressed by _________.a. Abraham Lincolnb. John F. Kennedyc. Martin Luther Kingd. Ralph Waldo Emerson18. Which of the following is a poem by Emily Dickinson?a. Song of Myself. B. The Raven. C. A Red Red Rose d. Because I Could Not Stop for Death.19. Eugene O’Neil is an American __________.a. novelistb. playwrightc. poetd. essayist20. The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of _________.a. Jane Austinb. Walter Scottc. Samuel Taylor Coleridged. William Wordsworth21. In the works of aesthetism, the theory of “art for art’s sake” is advocated by ________.a. Oscar Wildeb. Mrs. Gaskellc. Alexander Poped. Charles Lamb22. Whose works are characterized by stream-of-consciousness?23. The most famous work by Chaucer is ________.a. Beowulfb. The Canterbury Talec. Sir Gawain and the Green Knightd. The Christ24. The period from 1865-1914 has been referred to as the ________ in the literary history of the United States.a. Age of Realismb. Age of Classicalismc. Age of Romanticismd. Age of Renaissance25. ________ has been given 18 honorary degrees?a. Ezra Pondb. E.E. Cummingsc. Robert Frostd. William Cullen Bryant26. Which of t he following is NOT Shakespeare’s tragedies?a. The Merchant of Veniceb. King Learc. Hamletd. The Tempest27. Leaves of Grass is written by ________.a.Walt Whitmanb. Carl Sandburgc. Langston Hughesd. Allen Ginsberg28. William Mak epeace Thackeray’s most famous work is _________.a. The School for Scandalb. Past and Presentc. Major Barbarad. Vanity Fair29. Daver Beach is written by ________.a. Robert Browningb. Alfred Tennysonc. Mathew Arnoldd. Dylan Thomas30. The period of Old English literature refers to _________.a. 449---1066b. 14th century—mid 17th centuryc. 14th century—mid 18th centuryd. 16th century---mid 18th century31. Moby Dick is the most important work by _________.a. Jack Londonb. Herman Melvillec. Sinclair Lewisd. Ralph Ellison32. O. Henry earned his fame mainly for his _________.a. novelsb. poemsc. short storiesd. dramas33. Which of the following is NOT Francis Bacon’s essay?a. Of Studies. B. Of Travel. C. Of Wisdom. D. Of Love.34. ________ is the most famous novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald?a. Tender Is the Nightb. This Side of Paradisec. The Beautiful and Dammedd. The Great Gatsby35. “Morte d’Arthur” is a famous work by __________.a. John Miltonb. Venerable Bedec. Thomas Maloryd. Alfred the Great36. Which of the following novels does NOT belong to Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire?a. The titanb. The Financier.c. The Geniusd. The Stoic.37. The followings are all Dickens’ works EXCEPT _________.a. Oliver Twistb. The Vicar of Wakefieldc. Great Expectationsd. A Tale of Two Cities38. It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important ant mature poems are in the form of _______.a. odeb. elegyc. epicd. sonnet39. The 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to __________.a. William Faulknerb. John Steinbeckc. Saul Bellowd. Ernest Hemingway40. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of _________ work.a. romanticb. classicc. neo-classicd. naturalistic41. Who is the father of English poetry?a. Shakespeare.b. Edmund Spencer.c. John Miltond. Geoffrey Chaucer.42. The Red Badge of Courage is written by ________.a. Frank Norrisb. Sherwood Andersonc. Willa Catherd. Stephen Crane43. The most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is _________.a. dramab. prosec. noveld. poetry44. John Galsworthy won the 1932 Nobel Prize for his work _________.a. Ulyssesb. Hard Timesc. The Forsyte Saged. Jude the Obscure45. Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?a. She Walks in Beauty.b. The Solitary Reaper.c. When We Two Parte.d. Childe Haro ld’s Pilgrimage.46. _______ wrote several novels with the name of “Rabbit”.a. Arthur Millerb. Thomas Pynchonc. John Updiked. Wallace Stevens47. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by _______.a. Robert Frostb. Longfellowc. Ezra Pondd. Carl Sandburg48. It is _______ who first made blank verse the principle instrument of English drama.a. Marloweb. Shakespearec. Spencerd. Henry Howard49. T. S. Eliot’s most famous long poem is __________.a. I Wand ered Lonely as a Cloudb. A Boy’s Willc. The Waste Landd. The Golden Bough50. Who has been regarded as the discoverer of the modern novel?a. John Banyanb. Henry Fielding.c. Samuel Richardsond. Daniel Defoe51. The Portrait of a Lady is a great work by __________.a. Henry Jamesb. Mark Twainc. Dreiserd. Stowe52. Hester is a character in _________.a. Gone with the Windb. The Fall of the House of Usherc. Babbittd. The Scarlet Letter53. In Paradise Last, the real hero created by Milton is __________.a. Godb. Adamc. Eved. Satan54. The island of Lilliput can be found in _________.a. Robinson Crusoeb. Gulliver’s Travelsc. Adventures of Tom Sawyerd. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn55. “To be, or not to be” is quoted from __________.a. King learb. Hamletc. Julius Caesard. Romeo and Juliet56. Mr. Allworthy is a kind-hearted gentleman in __________.a. A Tale of Two Citiesb. Great Expectationsc. Sons and loversd. The History of Torn Jones, a Foundling57. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain’s __________.a. The Adventures of Tom Sawyerb. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnc. Life on the Mississippid. The Prince and the Pauper58. The Catcher in the Rye is written by __________.a. J. D. Salingerb. Jack Londonc. Flannery O’Connord. Saul Bellow59. Which of the following works is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?a. Women in Loveb. Sons and Lovers.c. The Rainbowd. The French Lieutenant’s Woman.60. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between _________ centuries.a. 14th and mid-17thb. 14th and mid-18thc. 16th and mid-18thd. 16th and mid-17th61. The Grapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ___________.John Steinbeck b. John Cheever c. John Updike d. John Dos Passos62. _________ is NOT a play written by Tennessee Williams.a. Cat on a Hot Tin Roofb. The Glass Menageriec. Light is Augustd. A Streetear Named Desire63. Robert Burns is a poet from __________.a. Englandb. New Englandc. Irelandd. Seotland64. The Zoo Story is a play written by _________.a. Romanceb. Novelc. Sonnetd. Drama65. _________ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.a. Romanceb. Novelc. Sonnetd. Drama66. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the _______century.a. 18thb. 19thc. 17thd. 20th67. _______ is the greatest songwriter in the world and the national poet of Scotland.a. William Blakeb. Robert Burnsc. Byrond. Keats68. William Blake’s The Tiger is collected in __________.a. Songs of Innocenceb. Songs of Experiencec. Marriage of Heaven and Helld. Poetical Sketches69. The image of the famous “henpecked husband” is created by _________.a. Washington Irvingb. Fennimore Cooperc. Edith Whartond. William Dean Howells70. __________ was the most important person of the transcendental club.a. Shakespeareb. Marlowec. Spenserd. Donne71. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be _________.a. O’Neilb. Poundc. Robert Frostd. Scott Fitzgerald72. _________ was the most important person of the transcendental club.a. Hawthornb. Whitmanc. Emersond. Hemingway73. Shylock is a character in _________.a. The Merchant of Veniceb. The Twelfth Nightc. The Winter’s Taled. Macbeth74. The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is ________.a. Joseph Addisonb. Richard Steelec. Samuel Johnsond. Laurence Stern75. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following EXCEPT __________.a. friendshipb. love and marriagec. life and deathd. war and peace76. American fiction in the 1960s is referred to as ________.a. imagismb. black humorc. new fictiond. the Beat Generation77. James Joyce mostly wrote about his hometown ________.a. Londonb. Dublinc. New Yorkd. Edinburgh78. This line “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” is quoted from _________.a. Dan Juanb. Kubla Khanc. To Autumnd. Ode to the West Wind79. Stephen Crane is famous for _________.a. An American Tragedyb. The Ambassadorsc. Main Streetd. The Red Badge of Courage80. _______ translated Homer’s Iliad (伊利亚特)and Odyssey (奥德赛) in Ameriean literary history.a. William Cullen Bryantb. Philip Freneauc. Edwin Arlington Robinsond. Walt Whitman81. The emotional effect and social significance made _________ the first well-known sociological novel inAmerican literature.a. The Sun Alson Risesb. Uncle Tom’s Cabinc. The Old Man and The Sead. Sister Carrie82. _______ has been entitled the “Father of American Poetry”.a. Philip Freneaub. Ralph Waldo Emersonc. William Cullen Bryantd. Walt Whitman83. Which of the following poems is written by William Butler Yeats?a. Sailing to Brzantium.b. To an Athlete Dying Youngc. Musee des Beaux Arts.d. Church Going.84. Mary Barton is a masterpiece of ________.a.George Eliotb. Samuel Butlerc. Mrs. Gaskelld. Flannery O’Connor85. Among the following poets, which is NOT a lake poet?a. William Wordsworthb. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.c. Robert Southeyd. William Collins.86. Henry Fielding is the author of the great 18th century English novel _________.a. The History of Tom Jones, a Foundlingb. Pamelac. Moll Flanderd. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy87. Tess is a character created by _________.a. D. H. Lawrenceb. James Joycec. Thomas Hardyd. Dylan Thomas88. Which of the following is NOT true for Benjamin Franklin?a. He was a famous writer.b. He was a member to draft The Declaration of Independence.c. He was a great scientist.d. He was once elected American President.89. “Gold Rush” was vividly depicted in _________ novels.a.Hemingway’sb. Mark Twain’sc. Henry James’sd. Faulkner’s90. __________ is a nineteenth century European literary movement that sought to portray familiar characters,situations, and settings in a realistic manner.a. Realismb. Modernismc. Naturalismd. Romanticism91. Utopia is _________ work.a. Thomas More’sb. Francis Bacon’sc. John Dryden’sd. George Herbert’s92. Mr. Rochester is a figure in _________.a. Wuthering Heightsb. Jane Eyrec. Vanity Faird. Uncle Tom’s Cabin93. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is an epigrammatic line by ________.a. John Keatsb. William Blakec. William Wordsworthd. Percy Bysshe Shelley94. Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT __________.a. a strict poetic formb. a simple and conversational languagec. a free and natural rhythmic patternd. an easy flow of feelings95. Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?a. Hemingway.b. Fitzgerald.c. Gertrude Stein.d. William Faulkner.96. My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by _________.a. William Shakespeareb. Robert Browningc. Ben Jonsond. Robert Herrick97. The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around _________.a. 1820b. 1850c. 1880d. 192098. The title of Alfred Tennyson’s poem Ulysses reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT ___________.a. the Trojan Warb. Homer’s Odysseyc. adventures over the sead. religious quest99. As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in __________.a. Jane Eyreb. Oliver Twistc. Wuthering Heightsd. Middlemarch100. The publication of __________ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism.a. Natureb. Self-Reliancec. The Over Sould. The American Scholar101. _________ is considered to be the best known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works and plays inspired by social criticism.a. Richard Sheridanb. Oliver Goldsmithc. Oscar Wilded. The American Scholar102. Lyrical Ballads is the joint work between Wordsworth and his friend _________.a. Coleridgeb. Bryonc. Keatsd. Shelly103. The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first _________ heroine.a. explorerb. peasantc. workerd. governess104. _________ is the representative work of the Jazz Age.a. The Great Gatsbyb. On the Roadc. Look Back in Angerd. The Sun Also Rises105. Invisible Man is a famous work by _________.a. Tennessee Williamsb. Arthur Miller106. _________ is commonly used to describe an original pattern or model from which all other things of the same kind are made.a. Allusionb. Alliterationc. Allegoryd. Archetype107 The title of Thackeray’s Vanity Fair is taken from _________.a. The Hol y Bibleb. The Faerie Queenc. The Pilgrim’s Progressd. Paradise Lost108. _________ was a southerner from Mississippi who produced 18 novels and 3 volumes of short stories in his life.a. William Faulknerb. Earnest Hemingwayc. Mark Twaind. Robert Frost109. The theme of A Tale of Two Cities is _________.a. revolutionb. wasc. loved. brotherhood110. Which of the following statements is NOT true for the Lost Generation?a. Those young people were cut off from old values.b. They wondered pointlessly and restlessly.c. They were aware that the world was crazy and meaningless.d. They boasted that people should return to nature.111. Who is considered the Poet of the American Revolution?a. Philip Freneau.b. William Cullen Bryand.c. Henry Wadsworth Longfellowd. Henry David Thoreau.112. In America, there is “a little woman started a great war”. Who is she?a. Anne Bradstreet.b. Harriet Beecher Stowe.c. Edith Wharton.d. Catharine Anne Porter.113. Waiting for Godot is a _______.a. poemb. playc. short storyd. novel114. Which of the following writers has once won the Nobel Prize?a. William Butler Yeats.b. Thomas Hardyc. Wystan Hugh Auden.d. Dylan Thomas.115. _________is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe.a. The Ravenb. Annabel Leec. The Fall of the House of Usherd. Song to Celia116. Arthur Miller is an American __________.a. novelistb. poetc. playwrightd. essayist117. Mr. Darcy is a character in _________.a. Tess of the D’Urbervillesb. Pride and Prejudicec. Happy Princed. The Mill on the Floss118. Besides The Great Gatsby, Scott Fitzgerald wrote another famous novel _________,which was his second masterpiece.a. As I Lay Dyingb. a Good Man Is Hard to Findc. Tender Is the Nightd. The Dangling Man119. Among Shakespeare’s tragedies, _________ is the most complex in plot and most painful.a. King Learb. Hamletc. Romeo and Julietd. Othello120. _______ created the style of euphuism.a. Sir Philip Sidneyb. John Lylyc. Henry Howardd. Thomas Wyatt121. A Voldielion: Forbiding Mouming is the masterpiece of ________a. William Shakaspeareb. Edrnund spencerc. John Miltond. John Donne122. Which of the following is not Virginia Woolf’s greatest _______ writers.a. To the Lighthouseb. Mrs. Dallowayc. The Wavesd. Modern Painters123. Theodore Dreiser was one of America’s greatest _______ write rs.a. naturalisticb. realisticc. modernisticd. romantic124. _________ is the first American professional writer and the first writer of detective story in the world.125. Pygmalion is a famous play written by ________.a. William Shakespeareb. Tobias George Smollettc. Charles Lambd. Bernard Shaw126. The Renaissance was a European Phenomenon, which originated in _______.a. Franceb. Britainc. Italyd. Spain127. _______ was the greatest poet between Milton and Pope and was poet laureate for 20 years.a. Edmund Spencerb. John Drydenc. John Donned. George Herbert128. Which of the following is NOT Jane Austen’s wo rk?a. Pride and Prejudiceb. Sense and Sensibilityc. Emmad. Sister Carrie.129. Richard Brinsley Sheridan was a famous _______.a. poetb. novelistc. dramatistd. essayist130. The major representatives of America’s transcendentalist group are _______.a. Emerson and Henry David Thoreaub. Washington Irving and Emersonc. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Irvingd. Natheaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau131. Among the following novels, _______ is Thomas Hardy’s best-known novel.a. The Return of the Nativeb. Far From the Madding Crowdc. The Mayor of Casterbridged. Tess of the D’Urbervilles132. _______ was recognized as the greatest poet of Victorian England.a. Tennysonb. Robert Browningc. Mrs. Browningd. Robert Burns133. _______ is D.H. Lawrence’s semi-autographical novel.a. Sons and Loversb. Women is Lovec. Rainbowd. Lady Chatterley’s lover134. _______ was once in the same class with Franklin Pierce, America’s 14th President.a. Henry Jamesb. Jack Londonc. Edwin Arlington Robinsond. Nathaniel Hawthorne135. Richard Steele and Joseph Addison has the following contributions to Englishliterature EXCEPT that _______.a. their writings provide a new code of social morality for the rising bourgeoisieb. they give a true picture of social life of England in the 18th centuryc. the English essay completed established itself as a literary genre in their handsd. they were representatives of the realistic tradition in English literature136. ________ is the representative among the writers of aestheticism and decadence.a. Stevensonb. George Gissingc. Oscar Wilded. Ralph Fox137.The Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays is the work by _______.a. William Hazlittb. Charles Lambc. Leigh Huntd. De Quincy138. Ruskin’s social and economic thoughts have exerted deep influence on many writers and poet except _______.a. William Morrisb. Waliter Scottc. Oscar Wilded. Bernard Shaw139. Whitman’s _______ has been praised as “Democratic Bible” and as American Epic.a. Leaves of Grassb. Son of Myselfc. In a Metro Stationd. Evangeline140. _______ killed himself with a gun, just as his father did.a. Jack Londonb. Eamest Hemingwayc. Fitzgeraldd. Mark Twain141. ________ ealled himself “the trumpeter of a new age”. He was England’s first essayist.a. Richard Steeleb. Joseph Addisonc. Francis Bacond. Alexander Pope142. Don Juan is the masterpiece of _______.a. Byronb. Robert Frostc. Wordsworthd. Longfellow143. Which of the following is NOT true for Ralph Waldo Emerson?a. A great thinker.b. A famous novelist.c. A well-known essayist.d. A poet.a. Charlotte Bronteb. Virginia Woolfc. Jane Austend. George Eliot145. On the Road is the masterpiece of _______.a. Arthur Millerb. J.D. Salingerc. Allen Ginsbergd. Jack Kerouac146. Soames Forsyte is famous figure in ______ novel.a. Theodore Dreiser’sb. Henry James’sc. William Faulkner’sd. John Galsworthy’s147. Which of the following is not an American romantic writer?a. Nathaniel Hawthorneb. Herman Melvillec. Mark Twaind. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow148. The story of Prometheus Unbound is taken from _______.a. Greek mythologyb. Roman mythologyc. Bible149. Language spoken by the Anglo-Saxons is called the _______, which is the foundation of English language and literature.a. Modern Englishb. Old Englishc. Ancient Englishd. Medieval English150. ______ refers to the use of one object to represent another.a. Metaphorb. Ironyc. Symbolismd. Imagism1. b2. c3. d4. a5. b6. d7. c8. a9. b10.c11.a12.c13.d14.a15.d16.b17.c18.d19.b20.b21.a22.d23.b24.a25.c 27.a28.d29.c30.a31.b32.c33.d34.d35.c36.c37.b38.a39.d40.d41.d42.d43.a44.c45.b46.c47.a48.a49.c50.d51.a53.d54.b55.b56.d57.b58.a59.d60.a61.a62.c63.d64.c65.a66.a67.b68.b69.a70.c71.d72.c73.a74.c75.d76.b77.b79.d80.a81.b82.a83.a84.c85.d86.a87.c88.d89.b90.a91.a92.b93.a94.a95.c96.b97.a98.d99.c100.d101.d102.a103.d105.c106.d107.c108.a109.a110.d111.a112.b113.b114.a115.d116.c117.b118.c119.a120.b121.d122.d123.a124.d125.d126.c127.b128.d129.c131.d 132.a 133.a 134.d 135.d 136.c 137.a 138.b 139.a 140.b 141.c 142.a 143.b 144.c 145.d 146.d 147.c 148.a 149.b 150.c。

英国文学知识点总结一、中古世纪时期和文艺复兴时期1.The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on theirway to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by ______. (2006)A.William LanglandB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. William ShakespeareD. AlfredTennyson2.______ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed intofourteen lines. (2006)A.Free verseB. sonnetC. odeD. epigram重要文学术语一句话定义：Ballad 民谣：Ballad is a story in poetic form to be sung or recited. It was handed down from generation to generation. 代表作：Robin HoodEpic 史诗：Epic, in poetry, refers to a long work dealing with the actions of gods and heroes. 代表作：BeowulfRenaissance 文艺复兴：It meant the reintroduction into Western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.Humanism 人文主义：Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.Spenserian stanza 斯宾塞诗节：it refers to a stanza of nine lines, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter, the last line in iambic pentameter, rhyming ababbcbcc. 代表作：the Faerie QueeneSonnet 十四行诗: A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter. 代表人物：William Shakespeare重要人物和其代表作的一句话评价：Geoffrey Chaucer 乔叟：He is regarded as the father of modern English poetry. 英国诗歌之父代表作：Canterbury Tales: A collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims.Philip Sidney 菲利普锡尼：He stands for the spirit of the Elizabeth age. 伊莉莎白时代精神的代表代表作：Defense of Poetry, Arcadia.Edmund Spenser 斯宾塞：the poet s’ poet. He created Spenser Stanza. 诗人中的诗人，斯宾塞诗节的创作者。

英国文学(English Literature)一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English songCynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christc. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901)2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer:* Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风：vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftnessthe father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”;首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作)* William Langland(朗兰1332-1400)：The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471) :Morte d’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547)a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance文风：a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie Queen《仙后》：long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗),and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.2) Prose 散文a. Thomas More(莫尔1478-1535): 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人Utopia《乌托邦》: More与海员的对话b. John Lyly (黎里1553-160，剧作家&小说家)：EupheusEuphuism(夸饰文体): Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations(头韵) and other artificial prosodic(韵律) means.The use of odd similes(明喻) and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon (培根1561-1626)：英国首位散文家，中世纪至现代欧洲时期; 近代唯物主义哲学奠基人和近代实验科学先驱the trumpeter of a new age;Essays(论说文集)：Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classic3) 戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe(马洛1564-1593): University Wits 大学才子派Edward II；The Jew of Malta《马耳他的犹太人》first made blank verse(无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗) the principle instrument of English dramaThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成; 完善了无韵体诗。

英美文学1. William Faulkner is the author of ______.A. Far From the Modeling CrowdB. Sound and FuryC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. Scarlet Letter1. Robert Frost is a famous ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ______A. Jack LondonB. Charles DickensC. Samuel Coleridge DEmest Hemingway4. Which of the following poets is different from the others?A. John Donne.B. John Keats.C. Lord Byron.D. Percy Bysshe Shelley.5. Which of the following is not written by William Shakespeare?A. Othello.B. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus.C. Romeo and Juliet.D. The Twelfth Night.6. Beowulf narrates a story taking place in ______.A. the MediterraneanB. Northern EuropeC. EnglandD. Scandinavia7. ______ refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.A. AllegoryB. ConflictC. IronyD. Flashback8. William Wordsworth is an English _____.A. poetB. novelistC. playwrightD. critic9. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is ______.A. NatureB. WaldenC. ExperienceD. Essays10. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC. Jude the ObscureD. Ulysses11. The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Tenant of Wildfell HallB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey12. In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?A. John Bunyan' s Pilgrim' s Progress.B. Edmund Spencer' s The Faerie Queen.C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.D. Henry Fielding's Tom Jones.13. The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism14. Mark Twain shaped the world' s view of America and made a combination of ______ andserious literature.A. American folk humorB. funny jokesC. English folkloreD. American values15. Who was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War?A. Fennimore Cooper.B. Nathaniel Hawthorn.C. Walt Whitman.D. Washington Irving.16. Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by ______.A. Christopher MarlowB. John MiltonC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson17. Have a Dream is addressed by ______.A. Abraham LincolnB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther KingD. Ralph Waldo Emerson18. Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?A. This is my letter to the world.B. heard a fly buzz — when I died.C. This is just to say.D. Because I could not stop/or death.19. Eugene 0' Neil is an American ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. essayist20. The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of ______.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth21. In the works of such aesthetics as ______ and Walter Pater, the theory of "art for art's sake" is advocated.A. Oscar WildeB. Mrs. GaskellC. Alexander PopeD. Charles Lamb22. Works by ______ are characterized by stream-of-consciousness.A. George EliotB. Jane AustenC. Emily BronteD. Virginia Woolf23. Who of the followings is a playwright of the "theater of absurd" ?A. John Osbom.B. Wystan Hugh Auden.C. Bernard Shaw.D. Samuel Beckett.24. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the ______ in the literary history of the United States.A. Age of RealismB. Age of ClassicalismC. Age of RomanticismD. Age of Renaissance25. With "Collected Poems" , ______won the second Pulitzer Prize.A. Ezra PondB. e. e. cummingsC. Robert FrostD. William Cullen Bryant26. ______ belongs to the second period in Shakespeare' s three stages of writing career.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. Love' s Labor LostC. HamletD. The Tempest27. Grass is a poem written by ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Carl SandburgC. Langston HughesD. Alien Ginsberg28. William Makepeace Thackeray' s most famous work is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Past and PresentC. Major BarbaraD. Vanity Fair29. Dover Beach is written by ______.A. Robert BrowningB. Alfred TennysonC. Mathew ArnoldD. Dylan Thomas30. The period of Old English literature refers to ______.A. about 450 — 1066B. 14th century — mid-17th centuryC. 14th century — mid-ISA centuryD. 16th century — mid-18th century31. Moby Dick is the most important work by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Herman MelvilleC. Sinclair LewisD. Ralph Ellison32. 0. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______.A. novelsB. poemsC. short storiesD. dramas33. Francis Bacon' s ______ is a great essay on education.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The Importance of Being EarnestC. The New AtlanticD. The Learned Reading upon the Statute of Uses34. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald.A. Tender Is the NightB. Anna ChristieC. The Beautiful and DammedD. The Great Gatsby35. The American literature in modem period is divided into two parts by the event ofA. the expatriate movementB. the Great DepressionC. the First World WarD. the Second World War36. Which of the following novels does NOT belong to Dreiser' s Trilogy of DesirefA. The Titan.B. The Financier.C. The "Genius".D. The Stoic.37. The followings are all Dickens' works EXCEPT______.A. Oliver TwistB. Moll FlandersC. Great ExpectationsD. Bleak House38. It is generally regarded that Keats' s most important and mature poems are in the form ofA. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnet39. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______ for his "mastery of the artof modem narration".A. William FaulknerB. John SteinbeckC. Saul BellowD. Ernest Hemingway40. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of ______ work.A. romanticB. classicC. neo-classicD. naturalistic41. Who is the father of English poetry?A. Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer.42. The Octopus is written by ______.A. Frank NorrisB. Sherwood AndersonC. Willa GatherD. Stephen Crane43. James Baldwin' s most famous short story is ______.A. A Rose/or EmilyB. The Story of an HowC. Sonny's BluesD. A Clean, Well-lighted Place44. John Galsworthy won the 1932 Nobel Price for his work ______.A. UlyssesB. Hard. TimesC. The Forsyte SagaD. Jude the Obscure45. Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.46.______wrote several novels with the name of "Rabbit".A. Arthur MillerB. Thomas PynchonC. John UpdikeD. Wallace Stevens47. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______.A. Robert FrostB. LongfellowC. Ezra PondD. Carl Sandburg48. "God help them that help themselves" is found in ______' s work.A. FranklinB. FreneauC. JeffersonD. Paine49. T. S. Eliot' s most famous long poem is ______.A. The Love Song of J. Alfred Pru/rockB. A Boy's WillC. The Waste LandD. The Golden Bough50. ______ is often credited with writing the first true " novel of incident".A. John BanyanB. Henry FieldingC. Samuel RichardsonD. Daniel Defoe51. Daisy Miller is a great work by ______.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. DreiserD. Stowe52. Hester is a character in ______.• A. Cone with the Wind B. The Fall of the House of UsherC. BabbittD. Scarlet Letter53. Jack London' s ______ is his patently autobiographical novel.A. The Call of the WildB. The Sea WolfC. Martin EdenD. The Iron Heel54. William Golding' s first and most well-known novel is ______.A. Coral IslandB. Lord of the FliesC. Treasure IslandD. The Brass Butterfly55. "To be, or not to be" is quoted from ______.A. King Lear BHamletC. Julius CaesarD. Romeo and Juliet56. The first book of the Old Testament is called ______.A. ExodusB. NumbersC. LeviticusD. Genesis57. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain' s ______.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Life on the MississippiD. The Prince and the Pauper58. 0 Captain} My Captain\ was written in memory of ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Benjamin FranklinC. Abraham LincolnD. Martin Luther King59. Which of the following works is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?A. Women in Love.B. Sores and Lovers.C. The Rainbow.D. The French Lieutenant' s Woman.60. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th/mid-17thB. 14th/mid-18thC. 16th/mid-18thD. 16th/mid-17th61. The Crapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______.A. John SteinbeckB. John CheeverC. John UpdikeD. John DOS Passes62. _____ is NOT a play written by Tennessee Williams.A. Cat on a Hot Tin RoofB. The Class MenagerieC. Light in AugustD. A Streetcar Named Desire63. Robert Bums is a poet from ______.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. IrelandD. Scotland64. Look Back in Anger is a play written by ______.A. John OsbomeB. Samuel BeckettC. Edward AlbeeD. Eugene O'Neil65. ______ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. RomanceB. NovelC. SonnetD. Drama66. Seize the Day is regarded the best novel written by ______.A. Flannery 0'ConnerB. Saul BellowC. Ralph EllisonD. Sherwood Anderson67. ______ is NOT among the postwar poets in modem American literature.A. Robert LowellB. Gary SynderC. Alien GinsbergD. e. e. cummings68. William Blake' s The Tiger is collected in ______.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches69. The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by ______.A. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. Edith Wharton D William Dean Howells70. ______ is known as "the poet' s poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne71. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be ______.A. O'NeilB. PoundC. Robert FrostD. Scott Fitzgerald72. ______was the most important person of the transcendental club.A. HawthornB. WhitmanC. EmersonD. Thoreau73. Shylock is a character in ______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. The Twelfth NightC. The Winter's TaleD. Macbeth74. The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is ______.A. Joseph AddisonB. Richard SteeleC. Samuel JohnsonD. Laurence Stem75. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following EXCEPTA. religionB. love and marriageC. life and deathD. war and peace76. American fiction in the 1960s and 1970s proves different from its predecessors. It is referred to as ______.A. imagismB. black humorC. new fictionD. the Beat Generation77. Together with Lawrence and Joyce, ______ is considered one of the three giants ot the modem English novel and a master of English prose.A. Henry JamesB. Joseph ConradC. E. M. ForsterD. Aldous Huxley78. This line "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" is quoted from ______.A. Don Juan C Kubia KhanC. To AutumnD. Ode to the West Wind79. Stephen Crane is famous for ______.A. An American TragedyB. The AmbassadorsC. Main StreetD. The Red Badge of Courage80. "Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay". What is the figure oi this speech?A. Hyperbole.B. Simile.C. Metaphor.D. Synecdoche.81. ______ has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and Nobel Prize.A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. Eugene 0' NeilD. William Faulkner82. Golden Notebook is a feminist novel written by ______.A. Amy TanB. Doris LessingC. Flannery 0' ConnorD. Kate Chopin83. Which of the following poems is written by W. H. Auden?A. Sailing to ByzantiumB. To an Athlete Dying YoungC. Musee des Beaux ArtsD. Church Going84. Beloved is the masterpiece of ______.A. Tony MorrisonB. Ralph EllisonC. John DOS PassesD. Willa Gather85.______, the author of The Interpretation of Dreams has great impact on literary creation and criticism.A. Carl JungB. Jean-Paul SartreC. Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheD. Sigmund Freud86. Henry Fielding is the author of the great 18th century English novel, ______.A. The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingB. PamelaC. Moll FlandersD. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy87. Tess is a character created by ______.A. D. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. Dylan Thomas88. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer' s day" is quoted from Shakespe-A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets89. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B. To put the stress on traditional values.C. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D. To advocate a conscious break with the past.90. In A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, John Donne compares the lovers ' souls to ______.A. two rosesB. two circlesC. sun and moonD. twin compasses91. Utopia is ______' s work.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John DrydenD. George Herbert92. One of the Prime Ministers of Britain has won the Nobel Prize for literature, and that is ______.A. Margaret ThatcherB. Tony BlairC. Winston ChurchillD. John Major93. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley94. Whitman' s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______.A. a strict poetic formB. a simple and conversational languageC. a free and natural rhythmic patternD. an easy flow of feelings95. Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?A. Hemingway.B. Fitzgerald.C. Gertrude Stein.D. William Faulkner.96. My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by ______.A. William ShakespeareB. Robert BrowningC. Ben JonsonD. Robert Herrick97. The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820B. 1850C. 1880D. 192098. The title of Alfred Tennyson' s poem "Ulysses" reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT______.A. the Trojan WarB. Homer's OdysseyC. adventures over the seaD. religious quest99. As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in ______.A. Jane EyreB. Oliver TwistC. Wuthering HeightsD. Middlemarch100. The publication of ______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The Over-SoulD. The American Scholar101. ______ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. Bernard Shaw102. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ______.A. Ezra PoundB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Robert FrostD. Emily Dickinson103. The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess104. ______ is the representative work of the Beat Generation.A. The Great CatshyB. On the RoadC. Look Back in AngerD. The Sun Also Rises105. Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by ______.A. Willa GatherB. Doris LessingC. William FaulknerD. Nathaniel Hawthorn106. The most significant idea of the Renaissance is ______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism107. The title of Thackeray' s "Vanity Fair" is taken from __A. The Holy BibleB. The Faerie QueenC. The Pilgrim' s ProgressD. Paradise Lost108. Mr. Micawber in David Coppeifield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps I best ______ characters created bv Charles Dickens.A. comicB. tragicC. roundD. sophisticated109. Thomas Pynchon can also be categorized as a Black Humor writer, as well as ______ writer.A. classicalB. transcendentalC. postmodernist D realistic110. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is written by ______.A. Ben JonsonB. Thomas GrayC. William WordsworthD. William Blake111. Who is considered the father of American poetrv?A. Philip Freneau.B. William Cullen Bryant.C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. D Henry David Thoreau.112. In America,there is "a little woman started a great war". Who is she?A. Anne BradstreetB. Harriet Beecher StoweC. Edith WhartonD. Catharine Anne Porter113. Waiting/or Godot is a ______.A. poemB. playC. short storyD. novel114. Which of the following poets has once won the Nobel Prize?A. William Butler Yeats.B. Thomas Hardy.C. Wystan Hugh Auden.D. Dylan Thomas.115. ______ is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe.A. The RavenB. Annabel LeeC. The Fall of the House of UsherD. Song to Celia116. Arthur Miller is an American ______.A. novelistB. poetC. playwrightD. essayist117. Mr. Darcy is a character in ______.A. Tess of the D' UrbervillesB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Happy PrinceD. The Mill on the Floss118. Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followed by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Ernest Hemingway119. ______ is featured by black humor.A. CaricatureB. Catch-22C. The Catcher in the Rye C. Death of a Salesman120. Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?A. Pearl Buck.B. Virginia Woolf.C. Tony Morrison.D. Katharine Mansfield.。

一．古英语时期（Old English Literature 公元499—1066 年）古英语时期（—英国文学开山之作：头韵体诗歌（《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）头韵体诗歌（alliteration））开德蒙（Caedmon）：《赞美诗》（Anthem）琴涅武甫（Cynewulf）：《十字架之梦》（Dream of the Rood）比德（Bede）：《英吉利人教会史》（Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum）阿尔弗雷德大帝（King Alfred）：《盎格鲁—撒克逊编年史》（Anglo-Saxon Chronicle），被誉为“英国散文之父”Father “英国散文之父”（of English Prose））世纪）二．中古英语时期（Medieval English Literature 公元1066 年—15 世纪）中古英语时期（头韵体诗歌：《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight）英国名谣：《罗宾汉名谣集》（The Robin Hood Ballads）威廉·兰格伦（William Langland）：《农夫皮尔斯的幻想》（The Vision Concerning piers the Plowman）杰弗里·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）：英国中世纪最伟大的诗人诗人，享有“英国诗歌之父英国诗歌之父”的美誉（Father of English Poetry）。

诗人英国诗歌之父（）代表作：八音节（octosyllabic）英雄双韵体（heroic couplet）诗歌八音节（（The 八音节）英雄双韵体（）诗歌《坎特布雷故事集》Canterbury Tales）。

托马斯·马洛礼（Sir Thomas Malory）：英国15 世纪优秀的散文家，代表作为《亚瑟王之死》散文家（Le Morte d’Arthur）散文世纪末—世纪）三．文艺复兴时期（Renaissance 15 世纪末—17 世纪）文艺复兴时期（托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More）：伟大的人文主义者人文主义者，代表作：《乌托邦》（Utopia）《国王爱德华五世悲戚的一生》，（The 人文主义者painful Life of Edward Ⅴ）. 托马斯·魏厄特（Thomas Wyatt）和亨利·霍华德（Henry Howard）的十四行诗（Sonnet）。

British Literature1.450-1066Old Englisha)Beowulf(7th-8th)头韵alliteration1.Pagan heroism&Fatalism&Christian2.Poem3.Scene:Denmark2.1066-1485Medieval Age French/Latina)Caedmon(610-680)the earliest English poet1.Caedmon’s Hymnb)Bede(673-735)Father of Historiography英国史学之父1.Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorumc)King Alfred(848-901)Wessex Father of English Prose1.Anglo-Saxon Chronicled)William Langland(1332-1400)1.Piers the Plowmane)Geoffrey Chaucer(1343-1400)Father of English Poetry;1st to use Heroic Couplet英雄双行体;Poet of Westminster Abbey1.The Canterbury Tales24stories2.The Romaunt of the Rose翻译的发过作品3.The Legend of good Women4.The House of Famef)The Gawain-Poet(无名诗人)1.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(1360-1370)头韵alliterationg)Sir Thomas Malory(1405-1471)1.Le Morte d’Arthur(The Death of Arthur)(1470)第一部关于亚瑟王传奇故事的英语散文作品3.14th-17th Renaissance Humanism;Poetry&Poeticdramaa)Thomas More(1478-1535)Humanist1.Utopiab)Philip Sidney(1554-1586)the complete man1.Astrophel and Stella被认为是伊丽莎白时代除莎士比亚外最好的十四行诗2.The Defence of Poesie(or Apology for Poetry)最早英语散文之一c)Edmund Spenser(1552-1599)Poet’s poet;Spenserian Stanza1.The Faerie Queene Allegorical work dedicated to Queen ElizabethⅠ2.The Shepherd Calendard)Francis Bacon(1561-1626)唯物主义；现代科学；1st English essayist1.Essays58篇2.The Advancement of Learning3.The New Instrumente)Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)greatest of the pioneers of English Drama;most gifted ofthe“university wits”;blank verse1.Tamburlaine人性对权力的渴求2.Te Tragical History of Doctor Faustus人性对知识、幸福的渴求f)William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Ben Johnson:was not of an age,but for all timei.154sonnets:first126addressed to the young nobleman;later28to Dark Ladyii.4tragedies:Hamlet;King Lear;Othello;Macbethedies:A Midsummer Night’s DreamAs you like itMerchant of VeniceTwelfth NightMuch Ado About Nothing无事生非The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记iv.Tragicomedy:Romeo and Julietv.Chronicle Play:1.亨利六、四、五、八世2.理查德三、二世3.凯撒4.Cleopatra克莉奥帕特拉vi.Miracle Play:1.Pericles2.Cymbeline3.The Winter’s Tale4.The Tempestg)Ben Johnson(1572-1637)Forerunner of classicism;first Poet Laureate1.Every Man in His Humour个性互异2.Song:To Celia英语中最有名的爱情诗之一3.Volpone4.The Alchemist炼金术士h)John Donne(1572-1631)Metaphysical school of poetry奇特的比喻1.Songs and Sonnets best known poem collection;Love主题2.The Flea3.The Sun Rising4.The Holy Sonnets5.Death,Be Not Proud6.Go and Catch a Falling Star7.A Valediction:Forbidding Mourningi)John Milton(1608-1674)1st to use blank verse in non-dramatic works1.Paradise Lost12books;from Old Testment;a revolt against God’s authority2.Paradise Regained New Testment;how Christ overcame Santa3.Samson Agonistes poetical drama;Book of Judges士师记4.Defence of the English people5.Second Defence of the English People4.Mid17th-18th Neoclassical Period early17th:Age of Milton;late17th:Age ofDrydenPoetryMetaphysical poets:17th初受John Donne影响a)John Dryden(1631-1700)Father of English Criticism、桂冠诗人1.All for Love2.Alexander’s Feast3.An Essay of Dramatic Poesy使其成为当时最杰出的批评家b)John Bunyan(1628-1688)英国文学史上首位小说家1.The Pilgrim’s Progress成名作religious allegory与《神曲》（但丁）、《忏悔录》（奥古斯丁）并称为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作2.The Holy War3.The life and Death of Mr.Badmanc)Samuel Pepys(1633-1731)17th最伟大的diaristd)Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)Father of English and European novels现实主义小说代表作家1.Robison Crusoe2.A journal of the Plague year3.Captain Singletone)Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)以Satirical Prose闻名1.Gulliver’s Travel2.A Tale of a Tub3.A Modest proposal4.The Drapier’s lettersf)Alexander Pope(1688-1744)英雄双行体登峰造极1.An Essay on Criticism2.An Essay on Man3.The Rape of the Lock4.Odysseyg)Samuel Richardson(1689-1761)founder of the English domestic novel现实主义小说代表作家1.Pamela2.Clarissa3.The History of Sir Charles Grandisonh)Henry Fielding(1707-1754)现实主义小说先驱，现实注意理论奠基人1.Amelia2.The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling代表作，获称Prose Homer3.Joseph Andrewsi)Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)著名词汇家，第一部英语字典的编者1.A Dictionary of the English Language2.The Vanity of Human Wishes3.Londonj)Lawrence Sterne(1713-1768)k)Thomas Gray(1716-1771)1.Elegy Written in a country churchyard2.Ode on the springl)Oliver Goldsmith(1730-1774)1.The Vicar of Wakefield2.She Stoops to Conquerm)Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)18世纪最伟大的剧作家1.The school for the scandal2.The Rivals5.Mid-18th–mid-19th Romantic Perioda)Robert Burns(1759-1796)苏格兰最伟大的诗人；前浪漫主义代表诗人1.A Red,Red Rose2.Auld Lang Syme3.The Tree of Liberty4.Holy Willie’s Praiser5.My Heart’s in the Highlands6.A Man’s A Man for A’That7.Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialectb)William Blake(1767-1827)19世纪浪漫主义先驱1.Songs of Experience2.Songs of Innocence3.Poetical Sketches4.The marriage of heaven and hellc)William Wordsworth(1770-1850)湖畔诗人最杰出代表；1843桂冠诗人1.Lyrical Ballads2.To the Cuckoo3.My Heart leaps upd)Walter Scott(1771-1832)Father of Historical NovelEdinburg1.Ivanhoe英国历史为背景2.Waverley3.The Black Dwarf4.Rob Roy苏格兰历史为背景5.Old Mortality6.Quentin Durward欧洲其他国家历史为背景7.The Lady of the Lake8.The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Bordere)Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)湖畔诗人1.Kubla Khan忽必烈汗2.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner3.The Fall of the Bastille4.Christabelf)Robert Southey(1774-1843)湖畔诗人；1813桂冠诗人1.Joan of Arc圣女贞德2.The Battle of Blenheim3.My Days among the Dead Are Past4.Thalaba the Destroyer5.The Curse of Kehamag)Charles Lamb(1775-1834)散文家1.Tales from Shakespeare2.Essays of Elia3.New Year’s Eve4.The Praise of Chimney Sweepers5.Old Chinah)Jane Austen(1775-1817)1.Emma2.Sense and Sensibility3.Pride and Prejudice4.Mansfield Park5.Persuasioni)George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)1.Cain2.Don Juan3.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimagej)Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)1.Ode to the West Wind2.Ode to the Skylark3.Prometheus unbounded4.The Necessity of Atheism5.Queen Mabk)John Keats(1795-1821)1.Ode to Autumn2.Ode to a nightingale3.Ode on a Grecian um希腊古瓷颂4.Isabellal)Mary Shelley(1797-1851)1.Frankenstein第一部科幻小说6.1836-1901Victorian Perioda)Elizabeth Barrett Browning(1806-1861)1.Sonnets from the Portuguese2.The Cry of the Childrenb)Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892)19th最高产的诗人;1850桂冠诗人；Poet of thePeople1.In Memoriam悼念朋友A.H.Hallam2.The Princess3.Idylls of the King4.Break,Break,Break5.Poems by Two Brothers6.Enoch Arden7.Maudc)Mrs.Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell(1810-1865)英国小说史上首批把工人阶级与资本家的斗争些人小说的作家之一1.Mary Barton2.Life of Charlotte Bronte3.North and Southd)William Makepeace Thackeray(1811-1863)critical realism1.Vanity Fair塑造了19th贵族资产阶级的典型形象2.Henry Esmond3.The Newcomese)Charles Dickens(1812-1870)1.Oliver Twist2.The Pickwick Papers3.Sketches by Boz4.The Old Curiosity Shop5.David Copperfield his favorite6.Dombey and Son7.American Notes8.A Tale of Two Cities French Revolution;Paris,London9.Bleak House10.Hard Times11.Great Expectationsf)Robert Browning(1812-1889)诗人及剧作家;戏剧独白诗Dramatic monologues1.My Last Duchess独白诗代表2.Men and Women3.The Ring and the Book奠定位列伟大诗人的作品4.Home Thoughts from Abroad5.Meeting at Night6.Dramatic Lyrics7.Strafford8.Dramatic Romances an Lyricsg)Charlotte Bronte(1816-1855)1.Jane Eyre女性主义代表作品2.Shirleyh)Emily Bronte(1818-1848)1.Wuthering Heights诗歌式的语言，多视角i)Anne Bronte(1820-1849)1.Agnes Greyj)George Eliot(1819-1880)原名：Mary Ann Evans;Realism;Psychological insights“1st novelist to start putting al the actions inside”--DH Lawrence1.Adam Bede2.The Mill on the Floss3.Silas Marner4.Middlemarchk)William Morris(1830-1896)principal founder of the British Arts and Crafts movement1.The Earthly Paradise2.News form Nowhere3.A Dream of John Ball4.Chants of Socialism5.Pilgrims of Hopel)Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)Wessex多数小说展开的地点，古七国之一1.Far from the Madding Crowd2.Jude the Obscure3.Tess of the D’Urbervilles男人无法掌控自己的命运4.The Mayor of Casterbridge5.The Return of the Nativem)Robert Stevenson(1850-1894)苏格兰散文家、诗人、小说家；新浪漫主义杰出代表1.Treasure Island金银岛2.The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde化身博士3.Kidnapped4.New Arabian Nights新天方夜谭5.A Child’s Garden of Verses6.Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes7.An Inland Voyagen)Oscar Wilde(1854-1900)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家、小说家、散文家、Aestheticism 唯美主义代表1.The Importance of Being Earnest2.The Picture of Dorian Gray唯一的小说dy Windermere’s Fan4.The Happy Prince and Other Tales5.AN Ideal Husband6.A Woman of No Importanceo)Joseph Conrad(1857-1924)波兰裔小说家1.The Nigger of the Narcissus2.Heart of Darkness黑暗之心3.Lord Jim吉姆老爷4.Youth7.20th Modern Perioda)George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950)生于爱尔兰都柏林1925诺奖1.Major Barbara2.Mrs.Warren’s Profession3.Widowers’Houses Joan4.Pygmalion改编成音乐剧My Fair Lady5.Saint Joan圣女贞德赢得诺奖6.The Quintessence of Ibsenism7.John Bull’s Other Island8.Man and Supermanb)William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家；1923首位爱尔兰诺奖得主；早期英国象征主义symbolism诗歌代表1.When you are Old2.The Autumn of the Body3.The Wind among the Reeds4.The Land of Heart’s Desire5.The Tower6.The Wild Swan at Coole7.Sailing to Byzantium8.The Second Coming9.Leda and the Swanc)Herbert George Wells(1866-1946)forerunner of modern science fiction1.The Time Machined)John Galsworthy(1867-1933)20th realistic writer;1932诺奖1.The Forsyte Saga most famous trilogya)The Man of Propertyb)In Chanceryc)To Let2.A Modern Comedya)The White Monkeyb)The Silver Spoonc)Swan Song剧本：3.The Silver Box4.Strifee)W.S.Maugham(1874-1965)剧作家，小说、短篇小说家1.Of Human Bondage2.The Moon and Sixpencef) E.M.Forster(1879-1970)讽刺；20th社会阶级不平等及伪善1.A Room with a View2.A Passage to India3.Where Angels Fear to Tread4.Howards Endg)James Joyce(1882-1941)意识流1.Dubliners短篇小说集；共15篇；20世纪中下层市民生活2.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man半自传体3.Ulysses现代主义在文学的重要体现；非传统小说；现代散文体史诗；4.Finnegans Wakeh)Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)stream of consciousness；poetic style;feminist1.Mrs.Dalloway2.A Room of One’s Own3.To the Lighthouse4.The Waves5.Three Guineas6.Jacob’s Room7.Orlandoi)David Herbert Lawrence(1885-1930)小说家、诗人1.Sons and Lovers自传体小说；Oedipus Complex2.The Rainbow3.The White Peacock4.Women in Love结构上比其他的小说更出色dy Chatterley’s Loverwrence Trilogy:a)A Collier’s Friday Nightb)The Daughter-in-Lawc)The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyedj)T.S.Eliot(1888-1965)1948诺奖；modernist；诗人；剧作家；评论家1.The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock戏剧独白诗；意识流2.Ash Wednesday3.The Waste Land一战后人们精神上的堕落4.Four Quartets后期主要诗作k)Katharine Mansfield(1888-1923)女；英国小说家1.Bliss2.The Garden Partyl)George Orwell(1903-1950)novelist&journalist1.Animal Farm2.19843.Homage to Catalonia记述西班牙内战m)Samuel Beckett(1906-1989)1969诺奖，forerunner of Absurd Drama荒诞派戏剧1.Waiting for Godotn)William Golding(1911-1994)小说家，诗人，剧作家，诺奖1.Lord of the Flies2.The Inheritorso)Doris Lessing(1919-2013)2007诺奖1.The Golden Notebookp)John Osborne(1929-1994)Angry Young Man领军人物1.Look Back in AngerAmerican Literaturete-16th-mid-17th Literature o Colonial Settlementsa)The Bay Psalmbook first book in Anglo-America;希伯来文-->英文b)John Smith(1580-1631)1.A True Relation of Virginia2.A Map of Virginia:with a Description of the Countryc)Anne Bradstreet(1612-1672)1st notable poet1.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America2.Contemplationsd)Edward Taylor(1642-1729)conservative Puritan minister;Metaphysical Poets1.God’s Determinations Touching his Electe)Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758)most famed preachers of the Great Awakening1.Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God2.The Freedom of the Will3.The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended4.The Nature of True Virtue2.mid-17th-18th Revolution of Independencea)Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)1.A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;2.Poor Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书；3.The Way to Wealth致富之道；4.The Autobiography自传b)Thomas Paine(1737-1909)1.The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；mon Sense常识；3.American Crisis美国危机；4.Rights of Man人的权利：5.Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；6.The Age of Reason理性时代c)Philip Freneau(1752-1832)poet of American revolution;father of American Poetry1.The British Prison Ship英国囚船；2.The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；3.To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；4.The Wild Honeysuckle野金银花；5.The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地(lyric)d)Phillis Wheatley(1754-1784)美国史上首位黑人女诗人1.On Messrs Hussey and Coffine)William Dunlap(1766-1839)美国喜剧先驱1.History of the American Theater2.Major Andre3.18th-19th Romanticisma)Washington Irving(1783-1859)美国文学之父1.A History of New York纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；2.The Sketch Book见闻札记浪漫注意的开端，美国文学史上第一部短篇小说集a)The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；b)Rip Van Winkle3.Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；4.Talks of Travellers旅客谈；5.The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉b)James Fenimore Cooper(1789-1851)frontier sagas and sea adventure tales1.The Spy间谍;2.The Pilot领航者;3.The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;4.Leather Stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:a)The Pioneer拓荒者；b)The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;c)The Prairie大草原;d)The Pathfinder探路者;e)The Deerslayer杀鹿者c)William Cullen Bryant(1794-1878)1.To a Waterfowl用美国英语写作的最完美的短诗2.Thanatpsis3.The Yellow Violetd)Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)Transcendentalism运动领袖1.Concord Hymn康考德颂;2.The Rhodo杜鹃花;3.The Humble Bee野蜂;4.Days日子-首开自由诗之先河5.Essays散文集:6.Nature论自然新英格兰超验主义者的宣言The Bible of Transcendentalism;Manifesto of American Transcendentalism;7.The American Scholar论美国学者;Intellectual Declaration of Independence8.Divinity;The Oversoul论超灵9.Self-reliance论自立;10.The Transcendentalist超验主义者;11.Representative Men代表人物;12.English Traits英国人的特征;13.School Address神学院演说e)Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804-1864)人性的原罪1.Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事2.Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗3.The Scarlet Letter红字1st symbolic novel;Hester Prynne4.The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子--------心理若们罗曼史5.Fanshaw6.The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇7.The Marble Faun玉石雕像f)Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807-1882)诗人角1.The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗2.Voices of the Night夜吟3.Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗4.Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗5.Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事6.诗集：a)An April Day四月的一天b)A Psalm of Life人生礼赞最出名的一首短诗c)Paul Revere’s Ride保罗·里维尔的夜奔d)Evangeline伊凡吉琳e)The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----叙事长诗；f)Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴组诗g)Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1848)father of psychoanalytic criticism and detective story1.Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集2.Tales故事集3.The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌4.Ligeia莱琪儿5.Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李-----歌特风格；6.Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗7.Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗8.The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:a)The Raven乌鸦b)The City in the Sea海城c)Israfel伊斯拉菲尔d)To Hellen致海伦h)Henry David Thoreau(1817-1862)1.Walden2.Civil Disobedience3.A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Riversi)Herman Melville(1819-1891)1.Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；2.Typee泰比3.Omoo奥穆4.Mardi玛地5.Redburn雷得本6.White Jacket白外衣7.Pierre皮尔埃8.Piazza广场故事9.Billy Budd比利·巴德j)Walt Whitman(1819-1892)1.Leaves of Grass草叶集第一部真正的史诗a)Song of Myself自我之歌b)I Sit Here and Look Outc)Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking2.O Captain!O Captain!3.Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌4.I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱5.When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花开时6.Democratic Vistas民主的前景7.The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题k)Emily Dickson(1830-1886)romantic poet;1,800poems1.The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集-----a)Because I Could Not Stop for Deathb)I Died for Beauty-But Was Scarcec)I’m Nobody.Who Are You？d)This is My Letter to the Worlde)I Heard a Fly Buzz When I die4.19th-20th Realisma)Harriet Beecher Stowe(1811-1896)1.Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋2.A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片3.The Minister’s Wooing牧师的求婚4.The Pearl of Orr’s Island奥尔岛的珍珠5.Oldtown Folks老城的人们b)Mark Twain(1835-1910)美国文学史上的林肯；first truly American writer-Faulkner1.The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙2.The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记3.The Gilded Age镀金时代4.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记5.The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿6.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记现代美国文学之源-海明威7.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬8.The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊9.Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克10.The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人11.How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事---对美国早期幽默文学的总结c)William Dean Howells(1837-1920)现实主义奠基人1.The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹代表着2.A Modern Instance一个现代的例证3.A Hazard of Now Fortunes《新财富的危害》d)Henry James(1843-1916)与豪威尔斯齐名；关注人物复杂心理1.Daisy Miller黛西米勒；2.The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；3.The Bostonians波士顿人；4.The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；5.The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；6.The Ambassadors大使；7.The Golden Bowl金碗8.评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家a)Hawthorne霍桑b)Partial Portraits不完全的画像c)Notes and Reviews札记与评论d)Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术e)O.Henry(1862-1910)美国短篇小说之父f)Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945)1.Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹2.Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘3.Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic斯多葛)4.An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）5.Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗6.The Genius天才g)Stephen Crane(1871-1900)自然主义、印象主义1.Maggie:A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；2.The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；3.The Open Boat小划子4.The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇h)Jack London(1876-1916)1.The Son of the Wolf狼之子2.The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤3.The Sea-wolf海狼4.White Fang白獠牙5.The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们6.The Iron Heel铁蹄7.Marti Eden马丁·伊登8.How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人9.The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争10.What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么11.Revolution革命12.Love of Life热爱生活13.The Mexican墨西哥人14.The Law of Life生活的法则15.Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下i)Sherwood Anderson(1876-1941)1.Winesburg,Ohio由发生在小镇上的23个相关小故事构成j)Edwin Arlington Robinson(1869-1935)1920s最伟大的诗人；作品有自然主义特色1.Tilbury Town2.The House on the Hill3.Richard Cory4.Miniver Cheevy5.20th-Modernisma)Robert Lee Frost(1874-1963)诗作关于新英格兰的风景和人;四次1.New Hampshireb)Wallace Stevens(1879-1955)1.Harmonium风琴2.Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨3.The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦c)Erza Pound(1885-1972)美国现代诗歌之父；意象派1.In a Station of the Metro2.The Cantos3.A Virginal4.A Pact5.Salutation the Second6.The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神7.The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选8.Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）9.Literary Essays文学论10.Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley11.A Few Don’ts by Imagiste意像派戒条12.Personage面具13.Polite Essays文雅集14.The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）d)Sinclair Lewis(1885-1951)第一位成为诺奖得主的美国作家1.Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生2.The Job求职3.The Main Street大先进4.Babbitt巴比特5.Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯6.Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里7.Dodsworth多兹沃斯8.It can’t Happen Here事情不会发生在这里9.Kingsblood Royal王孙梦e)Eugene Galdstone O’Neill(1888-1953)1936诺奖1.Long Day’s Journey into Night长夜漫漫路迢迢代表作；自传性质2.Beyond the Horizon3.Desire Under the Elms4.The Iceman Cometh5.The Hairy Apef)Thomas Stearns Eliot(1888-1965)1.Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）2.The Waste Land荒原3.The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼4.A Game of Chess弈棋5.The Fire Sermon火诫6.Death by Water水边之死7.The Hollow Man空心人8.The Sacred Wood圣林9.Gerontion小老头10.What the Thunder Said雷电之言11.名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三12.Four Quarters四个四重奏13.诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案14.Family Reunion大团圆15.Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会g)Pearl S.Buck(1892-1973)赛珍珠1934年前主要在中国；1932普利策；1938诺奖（美国历史上第一个）1.The Good Earth大地获得普利策小说奖h) E.E.Cummings(1894-1962)Forerunner of Concrete Poetry and Visual Poetry1.Tulips and Chimneys郁金香与烟囱2.The Enormous Room大房间3.XLI Poems诗41首4.Viva万岁5.No,Thanks不，谢谢6.Collected Poems诗集7.Eimi爱米（访苏游记）i) F.Scott Fitzgerald(1896-1940)迷惘的的一代;Spokesman of the Jazz Age1.The Side of Paradise人间天堂2.The Beautiful and the Damned美丽与毁灭3.The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比4.Tender in the Night夜色温柔5.The Last Tycoon最后的巨头6.短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们7.Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事8.Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace冰宫9.May Days五一节10.The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石11.Winter Dreams冬天的梦12.The Rich Boy富家子弟13.Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦敦14.The Crack-up崩溃（自传体文集j)William Faulkner(1897-1962)1950诺奖；南方新旧之间冲突的史诗式描写1.The Sound and the Fury lost innocence;意识流2.The Hamlet3.The Town4.The Mansion5.A Fable6.Absalom,Absalom!Historical novel7.Go Down,Moses8.As I Lay Dying9.Light in August10.A Rose for Emilyk)Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)迷惘的一代（Gertrude Stein首先使用；“你们都是迷惘的一代”被作为<太阳照样升起>的卷首语）；iceberg principle;1954诺奖；1953普利策奖1.In Our Time在我们的年代里2.The Torrents of Spring春潮3.The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起4.Farewell to Arms永别了，武器5.For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣6.短篇小说：Men Without Women没有女人的男人7.The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获8.The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇9.政论：To Have and Have Not贫与富回忆录：A Moveable Feast到处逍遥l)Vladimir Nabokov(1899-1977)俄罗斯裔长短篇小说家、诗人1.Lolitam)John Steinbeck(1902-1968)经济大萧条时期最杰出的小说家；1962诺奖；1940普利策奖1.Cup of Gold金杯2.Tortilla Flat煎饼房3.In Dubious Battle胜负未定4.Of Mice and Men鼠和人5.The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄经济大萧条时期的美国现状6.The Moon is Down月落7.Cannery Row罐头厂街8.The Pearl珍珠9.The Winter of Or Discontent10.The Pastures of Heaven11.短篇小说：The Red Pony小红马12.The Great Mountains大山13.The Promise许诺14.The Leader of the People人们的领袖n)Langston Hughes(1902-1967)1.Mulatto混血儿（剧本）2.The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声3.Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神4.Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚5.I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考6.The Best of Simple辛普尔精选o)Isaac Bashevis Singer(1904-1991)1978诺奖1.The Magician of Lublin鲁柏林的魔术师p)Tennessee Williams(1911-1983)二战后最杰出剧作家；关注现代人的寂寞和孤立1.American Blues美国的布鲁斯2.Battle of Angels天使的战斗3.The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园4.The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车获得普利策奖；揭露暴力和性变态主题5.Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫6.The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜7.Summer and Smoke夏与烟8.The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹9.Sweet Bird of Yout可爱的青春鸟q)WIBernard Malamud(1914-1986)1.The Assistant店员r)Ralph Ellison(1914-1994)1.看不见的人s)William Burroughs(1914-1997)垮掉一代的重要作家；后现代主义的重要作家1.Naked Lunch裸体午餐t)Arthur Miller(1915-2005)1.Situation Normal情况正常2.The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人3.All My Sons都是我的儿子4.The Death of a Salesman推销员代表着；获得普利策戏剧奖；托尼戏剧音乐奖；美国梦造成的悲剧5.The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫6.A View from the Bridge桥头眺望7.A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆8.After the Fall堕落之后9.Incident at Vichy维希事件10.The Price代价11.The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他12.The Archbishop’s Ceiling大主教的天花板13.The American Clock美国时钟u)Saul Bellow(1915-2005)1976诺奖1.Dangling Man晃来晃去的人2.Humboldt’s Gift洪堡的礼物3.Seize the Day勿失良辰v)Jerome David Salinger(1919-2010)1.长篇小说：The Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者2.短篇小说：The Young Folks年轻人短篇小说集：Nine Stories故事九篇3.中篇小说：Franny弗兰尼4.Zooey卓埃5.Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高6.Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人w)Jack Kerouac(1922-1969)the beat generation1.On the Road自传性质x)Joseph Heller(1923-1999)讽刺小说家；短篇小说家；剧作家；黑色幽默1.长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规黑色幽默代表2.Something Happened出了毛病3.As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好4.剧本：We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文5.Catch-226.Clevinger’s Trial克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）y)Allen Ginsberg(1926-1997)The Beat Generation;1.Howl与惠特曼《自我之歌》、艾略特《荒原》为美国文学重要长诗z)Edward Albee(1928-)受荒诞派戏剧和残酷戏剧的影响1.The Zoo Story动物园的故事2.The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死3.The Sandbox沙箱4.The American Dream美国梦5.Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫代表作6.Tiny Alice小爱丽丝7.A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群8.Seascape海景9.The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人10.The Man With Three Arms在臂人aa)Toni Morrison(1931-)1993诺奖；第一个获得诺奖的非洲裔美国女作家1.The Bluest Eye2.Song of Solomon3.Beloved宠儿ab)John Updike(1932-2009)sweet lonesome singer of Protestant mediocrity1.Rabbit Series:a)Rabbit,Runb)Rabbit Reduxc)Rabbit is Richd)Rabbit at Restac)Alice Walker(1944-)第一位获得普利策奖的黑人女作家1.Everyday Use日用家当2.The Color Purple紫色a)Samuel Butler Erehwon埃瑞璜乌托邦，讽刺英国社会b)Edith Wharton现实主义作家1.The House of Mirth欢乐之家2.The Age of Innocence天真时代讽刺暴发户的庸俗和私利、上层社会狭隘的文化和传统观念c)Upton Sinclair1.The Jungle屠宰场芝加哥屠宰场剥削工人的小说。

英语英美文学常识归纳篇一：英语专八英美文学常识归纳3专八人文知识:英国地理概况the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea.英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。

the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters.迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。

"the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain.1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，手册英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据法律合并成为大不列颠王国。

gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands.盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。

the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, theboard ridge of hills.英格兰脊梁：指的是山脉的背脊。

lead ore: british lead ores have been worked since pre-roman times. it contains silver.铅矿：自前罗马时代开始，英国的铅矿就被开发了。