深圳牛津版初中英语九年级上册Unit7The adventures of Tom Sawyer知识点语法精讲精练

Unit 7 The adventures of Tom Sawyer (1)Date:_______ name:_______【知识要点】★必记单词adventure n.【】novel n.【】congratulations n.[pl.]【】writer n.【】humorous adj.【】task n.【】board n.【】survey v.【】progress n.【】rest n.【】pity n.【】silence n.【】while n.【】careful adj.【】deal n.【】celebrated adj.【】lazy adj.【】pretend v.【】★常考短语1. have a rest2. think of3. come along4. go on doing5. what a pity6. in silence7. after a while 8. turn over9. trick sb. into doing sth.★知识点讲解1. Who is the writer of the novel?writer可数名词，意为“作家，作者”，由动词write在词尾加-r构成。

【拓展】部分动词的后面可以加-(e)r或-or构成名词，该名词表示执行该动作的人。

report(报道)→reporter(记者) sing(唱歌)→singer(歌手，歌唱家)swim(游泳)→swimmer(游泳者) drive(驾驶)→driver(驾驶员，司机)invent(发明)→inventor(发明家) visit(参观，访问)→visitor(参观者)2. On Saturday morning, every boy in the town was happy, except Tom Sawyer.except在此处用作介词，意为：除......之外，表示同类事物之间的关系，不能放在句首。

其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语和动词不定式。

We have classes every day except Sunday.辨析：except, besides, but与except forexcept 除去...,除...之外强调从整体中除去部分，except后面的部分不包I know nothing about the young lady except that she is from Beijing.There are three more visitors besides me.All but him have gone to Japan.His article is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 3. He painted one board and surveyed his progress, and then he sat down to have a rest.(1) survey 及物动词，意为：查看，审视The engineers surveyed the coast. 工程人员查看了海岸。

S he turned to survey her daughter’s pale face. 她转过头审视女儿苍白的脸。

【拓展】survey 作动词，还可意为：调查；作名词，意为：调查，测量Business Development Advisers surveyed 211 companies for the report. (v.)Please make a survey about your favorite festival and fill out the form. (n.)(2) progress 不可数名词，意为：进展，常用短语如下：make progress 取得进展 make great progress 取得很大进步After some period of practice, you will make great progress.(3) rest 名词，意为：休息 have/take a rest 休息一下【拓展】①rest 作名词，还意为：剩余部分，余下的人或物 the rest of 剩余的...， 作主语时谓语动词应与of 后的名词保持一致。

The rest of the apples have gone bad. 剩余的那些苹果坏了。

The rest of the apple has gone bad. 那个苹果的剩余部分坏了。

②rest 也可作动词，意为：休息，歇息The workers stopped to have a rest.We rested for an hour after lunch. 4. Tom began to think of the games that he wanted to play.think of 意为：想象到，想出，考虑。

后面接名词、代词或动名词。

Can you think of any other way to do it?We’re thinking of moving house.【拓展】①think of 还可意为：认为What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film? 括在整体内。

besides除...之外还有 强调除去一部分还有另外一部分，besides 后的部 分包括在整体内。

but除了 多与no one, nobody, all, who 等连用，其余情况下 可与except 互换。

except for 除去...之外 表示对一个人或者事物先进行一个整体评价，再就局部或细节提出看法或修正。

②由think构成的其他短语：think about 考虑 think over 仔细考虑5. He knew the boys who were free would soon come along and make fun of him.come along意为：出现，来到Do you want to come along?Take any job opportunity that comes along.6. He picked up his brush and went back to work.pick up意为：拾起，捡起He picked up his cap from the floor.There is a book on the floor. Please pick it up.【拓展】pick up还有“（用车）接（人或物）；（车辆）中途搭（人）”之意。

The car stopped and picked me up. 车停了，我上了车。

I’ll come to pick you up. 我会开车来接你的。

7. What a pity!这是一个感叹句，其结构为: what+a/an+可数名词单数！pity名词，意为：可惜，遗憾It is a great pity that all students in the city cannot have the same chances.【拓展】pity还可做不可数名词，意为：怜悯，同情心take pity on sb. 同情某人I'm hoping some kind people will take pity on me.I felt pity for the poor old man.8. Does a boy get a chance to paint a fence like this every day?chance此处用作名词：机会，可能性，常用短语：take a chance 冒险，碰运气 have/get a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事Don't take a chance to cheat in the exam.I finally got a chance to stand at the front of fashion.9. Then he went on painting.go on doing sth.不停地做某事，继续做某事（前后做的是同一件事）go on to do sth.接着做另一件事（做另一件事，前后做的不是同一件事）go on with sth. 继续做某事（前后做同一件事，但中间有暂停情况）The students went on talking and laughing all the way .Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one.He took a cup of tea, and went on with the story.10. Ben watched Tom in silence.in silence意为：沉默地，无声地The students are waiting for their teacher in silence.11. After a while, he said, “Tom, will you let me do some painting?”(1)while在此处用作名词，意为：一会儿，一段时间Let’s have a rest for a while.(2)do some painting 粉刷，刷油漆该短语中v-ing为动名词，这是一个常见的固定结构。

表示做某事需要一段时间或反复进行的动作。

类似的短语还有：do some cleaning 做清洁工作do some cooking 做饭菜do some washing 洗衣服do some shopping 购物12. Aunt Polly warned me to do it well.warn动词，意为：警告，提醒 warn sb. of /about sth. 警告某人某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（别）做某事They warned him of the dangers of sailing alone.He warned me not to tell others his secrets.13. I’ll give you half my apple.half 此处用作形容词，意为：一半的。

一般放在冠词、物主代词或指示代词之前。

Half the workers come from Shandong.【拓展】①half还可做名词，意为：一半，其复数形式为halves。