学习音标

48个国际音标【学习目标】通过练习熟记48个音素。

【方法点拨】通过读单词记音标。

元音(20个):长元音[ i: ] [ u: ] [ ɒ: ] [ ə: ] [ e ][ a: ]短元音[ I ] [ u ] [ ɒ ] [ ə ] [ æ ] [ Λ ]双元音[ ei ] [ ai ] [ ɒi ] [ iə ] [ εə ] [ uə ] [ əu ] [ au ]辅音(28个):爆破音清辅音[ p ] [ t ] [ k ]浊辅音[ b ] [ d ] [ g ]摩擦音清辅音[ f ] [θ] [ s ] [∫]浊辅音[ v ] [ ð ] [ z ][ ʒ ]破擦音清辅音[ t∫] [ ts ] [ tr ]浊辅音[ dʒ ] [ dz ] [ dr ]鼻音（浊辅音） [ m ] [ n ] [ ŋ ]半元音（浊辅音） [ w ] [ j ]舌侧音（浊辅音） [ l ] [ r ] [ h ]单词音标练习[ i: ] ski (滑雪) [ I ] miss (想念) [ e ] pet (宠物) [ æ ] gas (气体) [ ə: ] stir (搅拌) [ ə ] allow (允许) [ u: ] shoot (射) [ u ] book (书) [ ɒ: ] form (形成) [ ɒ ] lock (锁) [ ɑ: ] bark (吠叫) [ Λ ] rush (冲)[ ai ] lie (位于) [ au ] crowd (人群) [ iə ] near (在...附近) [ ei ] wake (醒来) [ əu ] host (主持) [ eə ] care (照顾) [ ɒi ] voice (嗓音) [ uə ] sure (确定的)[ p ] pine (松树) [ t ] test (测试) [ k ] carry (搬) [ f ] fight (与...斗争) [θ] through (通过) [ s ] save (拯救) [ b ] bit (一点) [ d ] dig (挖)[ g ] group (组) [ v ] voice (嗓音) [ ð ] this (这个) [ z ] zoo (动物园)[∫] shower (淋浴) [ tr ] train (训练) [ ts ] cats (猫) [ t∫] touch (触摸)[ dr ] drop (滴) [ dz ] beds (床-复数) [ dʒ ] joke (玩笑) [ h ] hole (洞)[ ʒ ] pleasure (快乐) [ w ] well (井) [ j ] yourself (你自己)[ m ] mean (表示…的意思) [ n ] narrow (狭窄的) [ ŋ ] wing (翅膀)[ l ] lead (带领) [ r ] ride (骑)阅读练习（A）A world without trees could never be called home. With dirty air,no clean water and no birds, who could live there?Many weeks ago, many people got ready to make the world greener.People in Zhejiang went to the parks and hills to plant trees. They onlyneed to pay 50 yuan for a tree or 500 yuan for a piece of land. Then allthey have to do is to look after the tree or piece of land from time to time.Trees have become part of the family! In Sichuan, people have even nicer ideas. On March 12, people went to the panda nature reserve (自然保护区) and plant bamboo (竹子) for the pandas!Chinese Tree-Planting Day came from Doctor Sun Yat-sen. He started calling for tree planting in the 19th century. In order to remember him, in 1979 China made March 12 Tree-Planting Day.Trees are good for many things, so the more, the better. Trees can stop the sun in summer and keep us warmer in the winter. Trees are also the home to the birds. Even more than this, a tree near your house means you don’t have to worry about being late for school any more. Birds’ songs will wake you up early every morning!（）1. How much do the people in Zhejiang spend on a tree?A. ¥50.B. $50.C. ¥500.D.$500.（）2. To make the world greener, what did the people in Sichuan do on March 12?A. They went to the parks and hills to plant trees for the pandas.B. They went to visit the pandas and gave them some delicious food.C. They planted bamboo for the pandas in the panda nature reserve.D. They took care of the trees or piece of land in the nature reserve.（）3. The first Tree-planting Day began in __________.A. MarchB. 1879C.1979D. the 19th century（）4. What can you hear in the morning if there is a tree near your house?A. The wind blows.C. The birds’ songs. B. The noise in the street.D. The bell rings.（）5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Without many trees, our world is still very beautiful.B. China made Tree-planting Day to remember Sun Yat-sen.C. More and more people prefer to make the world greener.D. Trees can also help us in many different ways.听力训练（一）第一节听力理解:听下面一段对话，回答第1～2两个小题。

1. Which city did Calvin visit last month?A. Shanghai.B. Sydney.C. London.2. What do Lily and Calvin like?A. Taking photos.B. Going traveling.C. Working.听下面一段对话，回答第3～5三个小题。

3. What’s the weather like?A. Cool.B. Wet.C. Hot.4. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Friends.C. Teacher and student.5. Which island(岛) do they want to visit?A. The Tiger Island.B. The Bird Island.C. The Monkey Island.听下面一段对话，回答第6～7两个小题。

6. Where did Linda go yesterday evening?A. The hills.B. The park.C. The shop.7. Who saved the little boy?A. Linda.B. Billy.C. Ben.听下面一段独白，回答第8～10三个小题。

8.What does Vicky think of Betty?A. Smart and sunny.B. Hard-working and lovely.C. Lovely and sunny.9. Which subject was difficult for Vicky?A. Maths.B. Chinese.C. English.10. Which of the following is true?A. Vicky’s house is far from Betty’s.B. Betty and Vicky seldom play together.C. Betty told Vicky not to give up.第二节听取信息：Something about sending a ○A________History 1. ○B________ years of history in the UK;2. Many people sent them to their families and friends during their ○C________ ;3. They were seaside pictures, such as beaches and ○D________.People usually write “they ○E________ someone” or “wish you were here”on them.U8 Grammar【学习目标】1. 理解由when 引导的时间状语从句的构成、在句中的位置以及时态的基本规律；2. 理解used to/did not use to 结构表示过去的行为。