(通用版)2017届高三英语二轮复习 第一板块 语法填空与短文改错 题型一 语法填空
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高考英语语法填空题和改错题高考英语语法填空题和改错题1 高考第二轮复习---语法填空题和改错题研读高考原题,探究高考动向:2017年高考I 卷阅读下面短文,在空白处填入阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界)(医学界)61 a method of figh ng heart disease, has had some unintended side 62(effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily func ons. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70is not good for the health. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题l 分,满分10分) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I s ll remember how hard first day was. Before ge ng into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank . I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept r epea ng the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning le !” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direc on was le . A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.2017 全国2 卷阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
位敦市安定阳光实验学校第二讲 短文改错A(2017·十校二模)It is clear shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.68% of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight too.And a larger percentage lacks sleep.52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won’t obey our parents or teachers.Personal ly ,I think we student should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without sound body ,one can ’t achieve anything.However ,too much attention has been paid only on studies.As a result, I suggest we are given less homework or more time for out -of -classroom activities. Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life. 答案:It is clearclearly shown that many middle school students have physicaland mental problems.68% of the students surveyingsurveyed have studyinganxiety as well as poor eyesight too \ .And a larger percentage lackslacksleep.52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won’tobey our their parents or teachers.Personally, I think we student studentsshould balance our physical exercise and studies.Without∧asound body ,one can ’t achieve anything.However ,too much attention has been paid only on to studies.As a result, I suggest we arebe given less homeworkorandmore time for out -of -classroom activities. Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.B(2017·模拟)Studying in the UK have been a good experience for me.When I first arrived, I find life very hard as I didn ’t know anybody here ,but I soon got to know other Chinese student at theter I became interesting in communicating with people from various cultures ,and I made fewer friends.During my study ,I chose to live in with my classmates in the dormitory.I think it ’s better than living in British family because I can meet people from different countries easy.The courses here are excellent. I enjoy the way the teachers give lessons.We are encouragedto think for yourselves,which is quite different from that I have experienced before.答案:Studying in the UK havehasbeen a good experience for me.When I firstarrived,I findfoundlife very hard as I didn’t know anybody here,but Isoon got to know other Chinese studentstudentsat the ter Ibecame interestinginterestedin communicating with people from various cultures,and I made fewermorefriends.During my study,I chose to live in\ with my classmates in thedormitory.I think it’s better than living in ∧aBritish family becauseI can meet people from different countrieseasyeasily.The courses here areexcellent. I enjoy the way the teachers give lessons.We are encouragedto think for yourselvesourselves,which is quite different fromthatwhatI haveexperienced before.C(2017·六校)The day before Mother’s Day, everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers.Buying flowers were what most students would do.However,I wanted to do something differently. As then I lived in school and couldn’t go back home on Mother’s Day, so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions, what were very useful ,and I read it carefully. When I called my mother,however,I had the feel that someone else’s words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me.答案:The day before Mother’s Day, everybody around me was talking about what was∧themost suitable gift they would buy for theirmothers.Buying flowerswerewaswhat most students would do.However,I wanted to do somethingdifferentlydifferent.As then I lived in school and couldn’t go back home on Mother’s Day,so\ I decided to call her andsent send her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions, whatwhich were very useful ,and I readitthemcarefully. When I called my mother ,however ,I had the feelfeeling that someone else’s words would have nomeaning to her.So I gave inup and just told my mother I loved her andthanked her toforall she had done for me.D(2017·二模)Here is a funny story.One day three mouses said proudly to each other that t hey each could drink more wine ,so they decided to have a drinking contest. At last they both felt dizzy.One suggested ,“Will anybody go to the wine cellar to fetch another bottle of wine ?”The first s tood up and down then fell to the ground.The other two laughed and said ,“He was drinking and couldn ’t walk.” The second stood up. He just made several steps and couldn ’t help thrown up. The third laughed hardly and then it was their turn. He stood up and made one step, two steps... Nothing is wrong.He went straight to the wine cellar but took a bottle of wine.He stood there for while, turned backand said excitedly ,“Ha ha, where is the cat now ?” 答案:Here is a funny story.One day three mousesmice said proudly to eachother that they each could drink more wine ,so they decided to have a drinking contest. At last they bothall felt dizzy.One suggested ,“Willanybody go to the wine cellar to fetch another bottle of wine ?”The first stood up and down \ then fell to the ground.The other twolaughed and said ,“He was drinkingdrunk and couldn’t walk.” The secondstood up. He ju st made several steps and couldn’t help thrownthrowing up.The third laughed hardly hard and then it was theirhis turn. He stood up andmade one step, two steps... Nothingiswaswrong.He went straight to the wine cellar but and took a bottle of wine.He stood there for ∧a while,turned back and said excitedly ,“Ha ha ,where is the cat now ?”。
总分:2017 语法填空真题班级:姓名:Cloze12017 全国卷Ⅰ,15 分话题:饮食与健康词数: 196阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,which was started by the medical community( 医学界 )1 a method of fighting heart disease, has hadsome unintended side2(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required3(process) the food that we eat, torecover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt4(remove) from food, thefood tastes as if it is missing something. As5result, people will eat more food to try to make up for thatsomething missing. Even6(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food7(be) full of fat and salt; by8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in theirdiet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心 ) between meals and willimprove the taste of your food. However, be9(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possibleto have too much of both,10is not good for the health.Cloze22017 全国卷Ⅱ,15 分话题:地下客运铁路词数: 181In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under sevenkilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible1(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and2work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging upthe road,3(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over4top. When all those hadbeen done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines5(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been6(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a greatsuccess and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using7every day.Later,engineers8(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道 ), whichbecame known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the9(introduce)ofelectric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most10(success) ofthese new lines,and was opened in1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and provedextremely popular with the public.Cloze32017 全国卷Ⅲ,15 分话题:上学的同时兼职做模特词数: 196She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to thechallenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term1(rest). Instead, she is earning £ 6,500 a day as2model in New York.Sarah3(tell) that she could be Britain’ s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,4has taken part in showsalong with top models, wants5(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carryon with her6(educate).She has turned down several7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school9(come) first. Idon’twant to get too absorbed in modeling. It is10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. Idon ’ t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can ore." ’ t model any m2017 短文改错高考真题Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ,10分(每个1分)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor ’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speedup!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ,10分(每个1分)Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that ison the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ,10分(每个1分)When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, andalso mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year ofhigh school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying differencekinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings backto me many happy memories of your high school days.2017 年全国卷语法填空真题答案Cloze1本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。
语法填空+短文改错组合练(三)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·昆明市两区七校模拟调研)During a recent Senior Three English lesson, the teacher __1__ (notice) Xiao Ming, a student, busily typing messages on her cellphone. To the teacher's surprise, Xiao Ming wasn't just texting her friends the latest small talk. She was blogging about what she was learning in the classroom, sharing her opinions __2__ her classmates. She said she __3__ (true) enjoyed doing that.The case caused __4__ heated discussion among teachers and students citywide. Miss Li, another English teacher said, “I am amazed at how __5__ (create) the students can be when writing on their blogs. To me it's a great way for students to improve their writing skills while writing about personal feelings and experiences.” But __6__ made other teachers worried was the blog addiction which may disturb the students' study.A supporter and classmate of Xiao Ming said, “We love her blog! We all read it each day and can't wait to see what she writes about next. Many of her __7__ (suggest) on study really help to encourage us. And we can relax __8__ (we) while reading her blog.” Another student blogger admitted that he often works late into the night, __9__ (write) his blog. He said, “Sometimes I don't even have time __10__ (finish) my homework. I can't help myself. I really have a lot to say.”1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9.________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·潍坊市统考)Last weekend, I went to visit my grandparents with Dad.On way back, we met so much red lights that Dad shut down the engine to save gas.Unfortunate, when the lights turn green, Dad couldn't start the car again.Stuck on the traffic, we didn't know what to do.Just then, a car stopped on the right side, and the driver was offered to help push our car to the roadside.We were so grateful.With his car preventing other car passing, he and I pushed his car aside as Dad controlled the wheel in the car.Dad thanked the driver but soon Dad's friends came to our rescue, restart our car with new batteries.题组(二)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·西宁市重点中学联考)Everyone seems __1__ (have) his or her own holiday. Dad has Father's Day. Mom has Mother's Day. Children have Children's Day. Lovers have Valentine's Day. But is there a special day __2__ older people?Of course. The Chongyang Festival is the holiday __3__ Chinese people show love for their elders. __4__ (celebrate) on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the festival is also known as the Double Ninth Festival. Nine is the __5__ (high) digit (数字), so it __6__ (regard) that the two together mean a long life.The festival comes during __7__ golden time of autumn. The clear weather and the joy of harvest make for a happy atmosphere. On the day, people __8__ (traditional) climb a mountain and carry dogwood (茱萸). People in ancient times __9__ (believe) that the plant could drive away evil __10__ (spirit) and prevent people against cold in winter.Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·大连市双基测试)Recently I have done a survey on the hobbies of the 1,500 students in our school.The result showed that over 40% of them are fond of playing musical instruments in their spare time because it can improve their life quality. About 35% enjoy surf the Internet, which helps them know about world affair. That surprises me most is that the number of the students paid much attention to reading and doing sports is smaller. Each only makes up for 12%, although one is the best way to gain knowledge and other is to keep fit.However, more students are strongly advised to take on reading as knowledge is power. Plus, they should take an active part in sports and develop other hobbies proper besides entertainment.题组(三)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·海南省五校模拟)Cavalier King Charles SpanielThis dog is very __1__ (access) and likes getting close to everyone it meets. This kind of dog is so cute that even though it might have never seen you __2__,if it sees you sitting down and looking lovely, it will jump onto your lap and show you __3__ (kind). These dogs are not the right choice if you are looking for a watchdog,but if you want an honest companion, you need look no __4__ (far). If you accept them as a part of your family, they will provide you with love and affection.But besides being loving, they are also very playful and like chasing other small animals, so __5__ (keep) them on a chain when going for a walk would be a smart thing to do. If their personality doesn't make your heart __6__ (melt), their beautiful eyes __7__, and when you see the warmth in them you will feel the urge to pet them — and that is exactly __8__ they want. This dog is a long term commitment, and your life could __9__ (enrich) by its company if you are ready __10__ that.1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9.________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·石家庄市调研检测)People used to communicate with each other through letters and public phones. So nowadays they use mobile phones and the Internet instead of. This change in communication have good effects on our works and life. Comparing with letters and public phones, mobile phones and the Internet are fast and much more convenient. If you missed your grandmother, you just take out your phone and say “hello” to him. And she will be happy to hear your voice. If you want to place order with a foreign company, you can email the message. I t'll be minutes after you get their reply.题组(四)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·成都市第二次诊断性检测)As is known to us, the year 2016 has one extra day in it —February 29th. This is because it's __1__ we call “a leap year”. Every four years, the year has 366 days in __2__ instead of 365.It is called a leap year because hundreds of years ago in England, the extra day wasn't __3__ (legal) recognized. There is a well known tradition in the UK __4__ (associate) with February 29th, introduced many centuries ago. Women are allowed to break with tradition and propose (求婚) to their boyfriends on this day. This all started back in the __5__ (five) century, when a famous Irish saint made a __6__ (complain) that women had to wait too long for men to propose. According to the legend, Saint Patrick said any female dreaming of a proposal could ask her boyfriend to marry her on this additional day in February. This so called tradition __7__ (write) inlaw in the thirteenth century. Scotland passed a law allowing women to propose to men in a leap year. It was said that if the men refused, they had to pay a fine!Now in 2016, there are calls __8__ February 29th to become a public holiday. Some people believe that it should be an __9__ (office) day off, because no one gets __10__ (many) payments for working an extra day in a leap year. For the moment though, the British still have to go to work on this day.1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9.________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·贵阳市监测考试)I needed to start work on 11 o'clock that morning. As a usual, I went back to my office at about 10:30. The mall was almost empty at this time. While walked down the aisle, I suddenly heard the sound of a car engine. It was strangely because no vehicles were allowed enter the mall. The car stopped just outside a jewellery shop and out jump a few masked men, all armed with weapons. I did not hesitate and called the police using my mobile phone. Before that, I just stood aside while watching the robbers finish his job. The police came just in time outside the mall. There was a crash when the robber escaped.Unfortunately, they were all arrested by the police.语法填空+短文改错组合练(三)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空语篇解读:本文主要讲述了老师和学生对发博客的不同看法。
题型二短文改错对应学生用书P8短文改错主要考查语法基础知识,语篇通常取材于考生自己的习作或类似于考生的随笔,且话题常见,篇章结构的难易程度符合高中生的认知水平,即通俗易懂,基本上无生僻的语言障碍和怪、偏、难的语法结构。
短文词数通常与书面表达一样,也是100词左右。
感悟高考]A(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案:第一句:that→where第二句:去掉but第四句:had→have第五句:honest→honesty第六句:or→and; using→used第七句:dreams后加of; the→a第八句:our→his; steady→steadilyB(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.答案:第二句:how→what第三句:chose→choose; take→taking第四句:but→and第五句:world前加the第六句:your→our; knowledges→knowledge第七句:去掉can或can→should第八句:thought→think1。
训练3 短文改错(Ⅲ)A(2016·陕西咸阳三模)At the age of twelve, I got a nice bike as my birthday gift.I felt such excited that I couldn't help try riding it.However, it was harder than expected.The bike seem too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still ,I had many fall off the bike.I was about to give up while my father came and encouraged me to keep going.Becausemuch practice, I did better and better.Looking back, and I couldn't have ridden a bike well without trying hard because success lie in continuous efforts through failures.We can't often succeed at the time.If we stick to their work, we can make it in the end.【答案】At the age of twelve ,I got a nice bike as my birthday gift.I felt suchso excitedthat I couldn't help trytrying riding it.However ,it was harder than expected.The bikeseem seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still ,I had many fallfalls off the bike.I was about to give upwhilewhenmy father came and encouraged me to keep going.Because ∧of much practice ,I did better and better.Looking back, ﹨and I couldn't have ridden a bike well without trying hard because success lieliesin continuous efforts through failures.We can't often succeed at the a time.If we stick to theirour work ,we can make itin the end.B(2016·山东泰安一模)Everyone should take the action to reduce haze(雾霾), which is harmless to our health.First of all, I believe that if we plant more tree, there will be less haze in their city.Trees can absorb car exhaust fumes, thus reduce pollution.Second, the government should punish the factories where produce too many fumes.Exhaust fumes is the main cause of haze and do greatly harm to people's health. Third, I thinkit was a great idea to encourage people to use public st but not least, we can call on citizens ride bikes if they travel short journeys.【答案】Everyone should take ﹨the action to reduce haze(雾霾),which is harmlessharmful to ourhealth.First of all ,I believe that if we plant more treetrees ,there will be less hazein their our city.Trees can absorb car exhaust fumes ,thus reduce reducing pollution.Second ,the government should punish the factories wherewhich/thatproduce too manyfumes.Exhaust fumesis are the main cause of haze and do greatly greatharm to people's health.Third ,I think itwasisa great idea to encourage people to use public st but not least ,we can call on citizens ∧to ride bikes if they travel short journeys.C(2016·河南中原名校一联) Dear Sir or Madam ,I'm Wang Lin.My younger brother, who was a junior middle school student, wants to receive education in our International Department.I'm writing to get some informations on the issue.To begin with, I'd like know when the entrance examination will take place but which subjects will be tested.In addition to, could you tell me the tuition and the relative rules about the scholarship? Finally, before finishing the studies in your school, which foreign universities could one apply for?I would be gratefully if you could be so kind to provide me for the information and I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully ,Wang Lin【答案】Dear Sir or Madam ,I'm Wang Lin.My younger brother ,who wasisa junior middle school student ,wantsto receive education inouryourInternational Department.I'm writing to get some informationsinformationon the issue.To begin with ,I'd like ∧to know when the entrance examination will take place butandwhich subjects will be tested.In addition ﹨t o ,could you tell me the tuition and the relative rules about the scholarship ?Finally ,beforeafter finishing the studies inyour school ,which foreign universities couldcanone apply for?I would be gratefully grateful if you could be so kind to provide me forwith the informationand I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully ,Wang Lin【导学号:90892095】D(2016·东北三省四市二模)In a general, most houseparents are annoying for boy students living in dormitories.I didn't begin to like our houseparents when something happened one night.I was sound asleep when my alarm clock drops onto the floor and were broken into pieces.After a minute, the houseparents on duty opened the door and rushed in.Instead blaming me, he asked me anxious what was going on.Before making sure I was OK, he asked me to go back to sleep and cleaned up herself.Since then, I have completely changed my opinion of our houseparents.They are like our parents, keep all of us safe.【答案】In ﹨a general, most houseparents are annoying for boy students living in dormitories.I didn't begin to like our houseparents whenuntil something happened onenight.I was sound asleep when my alarm clock drops dropped onto the floor and werewas brokeninto pieces.After a minute, thehouseparentshouseparenton duty opened thedoor and rushedin.Instead ∧of blaming me, he asked me anxious anxiously what wasgoing on.BeforeAfter makingsure I was OK, he asked me to go back to sleep and cleaned up herselfhimself .Since then,I have completely changed my opinion of our houseparents.They are like our parents, keepkeepingall of us safe. 【导学号:90892096】E(2016·河北百校联盟一次联考)I am an only child in my family.While eating, my parents always leave myself the best dish.But I don't eat out much because I don't have some appetite all the time.One day, my friend Alice asked me come to her home for dinner.In her family, a feeling was so pleasant because there had two kids in the family.When they were eating, my friend and her sister fight for the food.They ate a lot and laughed happy.I joined them in fighting for the food.I felt so happy but ate a lot.I got to know that the eating atmospheres could be very important.【答案】I am an only child in my family.While eating ,my parents always leave myselfmethe best dish.But I don't eat ﹨out much because I don't have someanyappetite all thetime.One day ,my friend Alice asked me ∧to come to her home for dinner.In her family ,a the feeling was so pleasant because there had were two kids in the family.When they were eating ,my friend and her sister fight fought for the food.They ate a lot and laughedhappy happily .I joined them in fighting for the food.I felt so happy butand ate a lot.I gotto know that the eatingatmospheresatmospherecould be very important.F(2016·福建福州3月月考)Have you ever gone to a music festival? During a summer holiday in Hungary, I went to attend my the first music festival.It was really an excitement to us! Since 2002 the Sziget Festival had been running every year in Budapest.It lasts for a week, which famous singers and bands from around the world perform verybrilliant. In Hungarian the word “sziget ” mean island, which is a very appropriate name although the festival takes place on a large island in the middle of the Danube River in Budapest.Thou sands people come on special “party trains” from other country such as France and Italy.【答案】Have you ever gonebeen to a music festival ?During a summer holiday in Hungary ,I went to attend my ﹨the first music festival.It was really an excitement to usme !Since 2002 the Sziget Festival hadhas been running every year in Budapest.It lasts fora week ,whichwhenfamous singers and bands from around the world perform very brilliant brilliantly .In Hun garian the word “sziget” meanmeans island ,which is a veryappropriate name although because/since/asthe festival takes place on a large island in themiddle of the Danube River in Budapest.Thousands ∧of people come on special“party trains”from other countrycountries such as France and Italy.。
第一板块语法填空与短文改错题型一语法填空补上一课从划分句子成分上找到语法填空、短文改错的解题突破口目前的英语教学往往存在对句子成分不够重视的问题,以至于不少考生在这方面比较薄弱。
殊不知正确分析句子成分和判断句子结构是学好英语的必备基础,不仅对语法填空和短文改错等题型的解答有直接的影响,而且对写好作文、理解完形填空和阅读理解中出现的长难句有重要意义。
所以在此很有必要给考生们补上这一课。
句子由各个组成部分构成,这些组成部分叫作句子成分。
句子成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语和同位语等。
一、主语——句子的主体(主语用“—”标注)主语是句子的主体,用于说明谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者,除倒装句外,一般位于句子的开头。
主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。
The__most__obvious_problem_in_our_class is lack of interaction and teamwork.我们班最明显的问题是缺少互动和协作。
(名词短语作主语)Mastering_a_foreign_language will be of great help in our life.掌握一门外语对我们的生活非常有帮助。
(动名词短语作主语)Whether_she_will_be_able_to_come remains a question.她是否能来仍然是一个问题。
(从句作主语)二、谓语——主语的行为(谓语用“—”标注)谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征,常位于主语之后。
谓语可由动词和动词短语、系表结构以及“助动词/情态动词+实义动词”充当。
When he got up at 7:00 am, a big plan occurred to him.他早上七点起床时,脑海里突然有了个大计划。
(动词和动词短语作谓语)The watch is necessary in our daily life, but its function is too simple and dull.手表在我们日常生活中是必要的,但它的功能太简单呆板了。
(系表结构作谓语)We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.对于组织课堂活动,我们可能有不同的观点。
(“情态动词+实义动词”作谓语)三、宾语——动作的对象(宾语用“—”标注)宾语是动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。
可以用作宾语的有:名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和从句等。
I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.我设法说服我的同学接受我的想法。
(不定式作宾语)Suddenly he thought of seeing the beautiful views of the city again beforesetting out.他突然想在启程之前再看看这座城市的美景。
(动名词短语作宾语)Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们彼此合作良好的程度。
(从句作宾语)四、表语——主语的特征(表语用“[ ]”标注)表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构),用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。
可以用作表语的有:名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词和从句等。
Although the answer seemed [a little strange], nobody but I doubted it.尽管答案有些奇怪,但只有我对此产生了怀疑。
(形容词作表语)Several minutes passed but the whole class was [in complete silence].几分钟过去了,但是整个班级一片寂静。
(介词短语作表语)The important thing is [to learn and control your temper] so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret.最重要的是学会控制你的脾气,这样你可能就不会说出使你后悔的话。
(不定式短语作表语)五、定语——名词的修饰语(定语用“[ ]”标注)定语是用来描述名词的品质与特征的修饰语,它常和名词构成名词短语。
单个词作定语时常放在被修饰词之前,而短语和从句作定语时往往放在被修饰词之后。
可以用作定语的有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、分词和从句等。
We may have [various] ways [to deal with such a situation].我们可能有各种各样应付此类情况的方式。
(形容词和不定式短语作定语)All the books [offered by the students] are reported to have been sent to the children in the countryside the other day.据报道,同学们提供的所有书籍都在几天前送给了乡下的孩子们。
(过去分词短语作定语)How Li Hua regretted the [valuable] time [(that) he had wasted on the computer]!李华多么后悔浪费在玩电脑游戏上的宝贵时间!(形容词和从句作定语)六、状语——动词、形容词、副词或句子的修饰语(状语用“[ ]”标注)状语是用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。
可以用作状语的有:副词、名词、数词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词、独立主格和从句等。
[After a week's trip], he returned home, [tired but very happy].旅行了一周后,他回到了家,感到很累但很高兴。
(介词短语和形容词作状语)[To compete] more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education.为了更好地与他人竞争,越来越多的人们都用更高水平的教育来装备自己。
(不定式短语作状语)[Time permitting], I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends [so that we can have a better relationship].时间允许的话,我希望有更多的业余时间和朋友一起度过,这样我们就会有更加良好的关系。
(独立结构和从句作状语)七、补语——宾语或主语的补充说明(补语用“[ ]”标注)补语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。
补充说明主语意义的句子成分叫作主语补足语;补充说明宾语意义的句子成分叫作宾语补足语。
可以用作补足语的有:形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、分词和从句等。
We'll try our best to make our country [more and more beautiful].我们将尽全力使我们的国家越来越美丽。
(形容词作宾补)Popular science books can help us students [to become more interested in science and nature].科普书能帮助我们学生对科学和自然更感兴趣。
(不定式短语作宾补)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English [spoken] as much as possible.为了学好英语,我们应该尽可能多地听英语。
(过去分词作宾补)八、同位语——同等重要的修饰语(同位语用“[ ]”标注)对句子中的名词或代词作进一步解释、说明,与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫作同位语。
可以用作同位语的有:名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、动名词和从句等。
They [three] want to travel around the world together on foot.他们三个想一起步行周游世界。
(数词作同位语)We are going to the local nursing home for the coming Double Ninth Festival, [a holiday] for us to show our respect for the elderly.我们打算去当地一家敬老院过即将到来的重阳节,该节日显示了我们对老年人的尊重。
(名词作同位语)I hold the opinion [that we should go to help them (to) overcome the present difficulty].我认为,我们应该去帮助他们克服目前的困难。
(从句作同位语)[课堂巩固训练]划分句子成分题型研究课从题型上探究语法填空、短文改错的解题技能题型一语法填空语法填空就是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语美文中,在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上,挖去10个空所为。
这10个空又根据提示词的有无分为有提示词和无提示词两种,这两种题型究其实质还是对基本语法知识的考查。
[感悟高考]A(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy newhotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __61__(attract).So it was a great hono ur to be invited backstage at the notforprofit PandaBase, where ticket money helps pay for research. I __62__ (allow) to get up closeto these cute animals at the 600acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UKambassador. The title will be __63__ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back __64__ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s,__65__ I was the first Western TV reporter __66__ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include __67__ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin th at had been rejected by __68___ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__ (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, __70__ other is with mum —she never suspects.[答案解析]语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。