第二册 Unit 9 Have you got what it takesInside viewConversation1MarkLook, there’s a careers fair on at the Examination Schools. Do you want to go JanetWhat happens in a careers fairMark There are lots of different companies and they give you information about careers …advice, that kind of thing.JanetOK, I’ll come. You coming, KateKateYeah, sure. But I’ve already decided on my career.MarkWe know. You’re going to be a brilliant lawyer.KateThat’s the plan –I’m off to a law firm soon as I get my degree.JanetYou’re so lucky. I wish I knew what I wanted to do.KateDidn’t you say something about teachingJanetYes, I’m thinking about it. I’m quite attracted toteaching. But I’m not really sure yet.KateWell, you’ve got lots of time. What about you, Mark What are your plansMarkI’m going to row for England.KateSeriouslyMarkNo. Problem is, I think if you want to be successful, you’ve got to plan ahead –starting at the age of 12.JanetSo we’re not doing very well.MarkNo.KateSoMarkWell …I’m thinking of going into business management. It’s a possibility.JanetReallyMarkYes.Kate Hey, let’s go to the Careers Fair. It might give you some ideas.JanetIt was very interesting, wasn’t it You were having along conversation with that man from the law firm.KateYes. They said there’s a possibility of a job placement as an intern over the summer. They’re going to let me know about it.JanetFantastic!1.Kate’s plan is to go off to a law firm as soon as she gets her degree.2.You have to plan ahead to be successful3.It might give them ideas.4.Kate is having a long conversation with a man from a law firm.5.The man said she could get a job placement as intern over the summer.Conversation2KateYou know that job placement I told you about –they’ve asked me to go for an interview.JanetThat’s brilliant. WhenKateTwo weeks’time …InterviewerSo what made you decide to study law, KateKateA number of reasons. Law interests me a lot. I’ve got agood brain, a good memory. And I’d certainly like to do some part-time work for Legal Aid. And also, I must admit, the money’s good.InterviewerWell, those are good, honest answers. Certainly, your CV’s very good. I seem to remember that you only want the work placement for six weeks. Is that rightKateYes, it is.InterviewerWhy is thatKateWell, to be honest, I’m planning to go back to the States and spend time with my family.InterviewerThat’s understandable. Now, tell me, what questions do you haveKateI’ve got some idea but obviously, what I’d like to know is, what does the job involveInterviewerOf course. Well, for the first few weeks, your main responsibility would be to read files and summarize them. We’d also want you to do some research for us. How does that sound Rather boringKateNo, not at all. I think I’d learn a lot.InterviewerGood, well …you’ll be taking your first year exams soon, won’t youKateYes, in a few weeks’time.InterviewerWell, provided they’re OK, I think we can say you’re in.KateThank you –that’s wonderful!KateHey, guess whatJanetWhatKateThey’ve accepted me. I start at the end of June.JanetWell done!1. Why are you interested in law What qualities do you have that will make you a good law intern2. Four to six weeks3. She wants some traveling in Europe4. What sort of work will be asked to do5. Yes1. Law interests her.She’s intelligent and has a good memory.Good play2. read files and summarize themResearch3.end of June1. I seem to remember that2. Is that right3.I’m planning to4. what does the job involve5. your main responsibility would be6. We’d also want you7. won’t you1.b;2. B;3. A;4. B;5. AOutside viewVoice-overEvery year, millions of young people take time out to help others as volunteers. Many of them do this during a gap year between finishing school and starting in higher education. Volunteers learn to solve problems, work together as a team and develop their personalities. Communities in need get help they couldn’t afford to pay for. In Britain, one of the main agencies for voluntary work is Raleigh International. It arranges for thousands of people, aged between 17 and 25, to help out in their own country or abroad. This group of 100 people has just arrived at the base camp in Costa Rica. In the next ten weeks, they are taking part in threedifferent projects. One of the projects is environmental, one community-based and one an adventure project. But first, they have training for the conditions they will encounter. For the environmental project at Curu, the volunteers are going to help to build an artificial reef from recycled materials. This forms a protective environment for the fish to breed and feed. It helps the local economy of commercial fishing and protects the natural reefs from over-fishing and destruction. The community project is in one of the poorest rural areas in the world. In the village of El Porvenir, volunteers are going to make bricks. They’re going to help to build a storehouse for the important sesame crop. If they have more storage, the villagers will be able to make more money from selling sesame. Volunteers also take part in a survival activity. Tomorrow, this group is trekking to the summit of Costa Rica’s highest mountain, Mount Chirripo. At the end of the ten weeks, the volunteers are proud that their efforts have helped to improve the lives of the people and the environment of Costa Rica and Nicaragua.1. 17 to 252. 100 people3. Costa Rica4. ten weeks5. environmental6. community7. Adventure1.d;2. D;3. B;4. B.5. A1. during a gap year.2. Communities in need get help3. arranges for4. taking part in5. protective environment6. breed and feed7. build a storehouse8. a survival activity.Listening inPassage1Speaker 1So how’s it all goingSpeaker 2Well, second year exams are in two weeks, so it’s all go at the moment.Speaker 1It’s not going to ease up! So what can I do for youSpeaker 2Well, next year’s my final year and I need to think seriously about my career.Speaker 1I would agree with you there. Let’s have a look at your file. You’re reading English, you’re getting good grades, you got a merit inyour first year exams and you’re on track for a 2:1 according to your tutor. Have you any idea what you’d like to doSpeaker 2I’m very drawn to publishing. I read a lot of novels and I’m quite a good critic.Speaker 1That’s a good start. I’m guessing you’d like to be a literary editorSpeaker 2That’s right.Speaker 1Well, I should tell you that literary editing is a hard profession to get into and it doesn’t pay very well, unless you’re at the top. You could think a bit more broadly than just literature. For example, there’s educational publishing, professional publishing and there’s also specialist publishing, such as sports.Speaker 2I’m not very sporty.Speaker 1Well, I understand sport may not be your thing but …you get the idea.Speaker 2Yes, I do. So how do I startSpeaker 1First of all, you need agood degree but even before that I would contact publishers and see if they’ll offer you work experience. You won’t get paid, of course, but it’s good for your CV and you’ll learn something about the business.Speaker 2Right. How do I find out who to write toSpeaker 1All the publishers are listed in the Publisher’s Yearbook. There’s a copy in the library in the careers section, so you can use that for a start. Check the job adverts in the newspapers and maybe look at the specialist publishing trade journal, the Bookseller. That has job ads as well.Speaker 2Thank you.Speaker 1The other thing you might do is check the Internet –sometimes, the publishers’websites offer internships or job experience opportunities for new graduates.Speaker 2I’ll do that.Speaker 1One other thing. Graduates studying Englishalways want to be an editor, they’re quite romantic about it, but there are other departments –marketing,sales, and the production side. Don’t dismiss those.Speaker 2Thanks for the advice, it’s very helpful. But it’s literary editing that I want to do.Speaker 1Well, I wish you the best. Let me know how you get on. And good luck with your exams.1.The five pieces of advice he career adviser gives the student are 1,2,4,7 and 82.1. The woman is to take her second year exams.2. She wants to do literary editing.3. She is drawn to publishing, reads a lot of novels and is quite a good critic.4. He tells her it is a hard profession to get into and doesn’t pay very well.5. It is very good for her CV and the woman will learn something about the business.6. She can find it in the careers section of the library.7. She should consider marketing, sales and production.8. She maintains that she wants to do literary editing.Passage2HarrySo how was your first day of teaching, LucyLucyIt was all right –wasn’t as terrifying as I thought it would be.HarryWell done!LucyYes, I was frightened I’d go completely blank but it was OK. I think the students were happy. It’s the grammar I find difficult, there’s so much to cover.JessicaIt’s extraordinary, isn’t it We speak English, we think we know the grammar and then we do a Teaching English course and discover we don’t know anything.LucyHow long have you been teaching, JessicaJessicaJust over two years. I did the training course and then got a job teaching in Japan –Tokyo. It was an eye-opener really –the whole thing about keeping face. You have to be so polite all the time.PatrickSo you’re teaching English because you want to travelJessicaYes, that’s part of it, but also because I enjoy it, I enjoy the interaction with students, and also it’s a good career.PatrickI feel the same. So what do you want to do nextJessicaMarketing, I think. I’m going to do a year here, then –I hope –get a job at a language school in London, do my MA, then apply for a marketing job. Anyway, that’s the plan.PatrickSounds good.HarryWhat about you, Patrick Where have you workedPatrickI did three years in Italy –Director of Studies in Rome. I want to spend a couple of years here, then work in London, hopefully become a teacher trainer. Your turn, Harry.HarryWell, I’m not like you and Jessica. I’m just happy to be here, in a beautiful city doing a job I enjoy.JessicaYou don’t see teaching English as a careerHarryWell, my thing is travel, for the moment anyway.LucyWhich countries have you been to, HarryHarryI did a year’s teaching in Brazil –Rio de Janeiro –such a stunning city and stunning beaches, Copacabana, and all overlooked by Sugar Loaf mountain.PatrickCool. And thenHarryTwo years in Mexico City …JessicaYou should be a travel writer.HarryI’m too busy travelling! In fact I just arrived from Spain three days ago, from Barcelona, I was teaching primary school kids.LucyGreat!HarryWell, we’re all giving our reasons for teaching English, so what’s yours, LucyLucyUm - I think I’m going to really enjoy it, simple as that. And obviously it’s great to be in Italy. I mean Venice, what more can you ask4.1.In the major economies where there is a demand forEnglish, for example, China/Japan/SaudiArabia/European countries and so on.2. It allows them to travel and make contact with local people.3. Commercial language schools/ school/universities/ hotels/ classroom teaching/ producing learning materials/ teaching training5.1. Harry2. Harry3. Patrick4. Lucy5. Jessica6.Harry6.1.lucy: enjoying everything2. Jessica: enjoying travelling, enjoying teaching and wanting a career.3. Patrick:enjoying travelling, enjoying teaching and wanting a career4. enjoying travelling7.1.a;2. D;3. C.4. AUnit 10Science fact orscience fictionInside viewConversation1Janet:What are you reading, KateKate:Alice in Wonderland,by Lewis Carroll. Do you know itJanet :I’ve heard of it, yes, but I’ve never read it. It’s a 19th century children’s story, isn’t itKate :That’s right. It’s very famous. It’s set in Oxford. It starts with this young girl sitting on a river bank. The interesting thing is, the author, Lewis Carroll, he was an Oxford professor and he used to have tea with the girl’s family on this river bank.Janet :Oh, that’s fascinating! I’ll put it into my diary.Kate :Is that what you’re writing I know you’ve been keeping a diary all the year. Janet It’s been a great year. I’ve had such a good time –so lucky to have Mark and Kate as friends. Feel I’ve been doing well with work. Much happier about asking questions in tutorials.Janet:My screen’s gone dark.Mark :You’re using the battery, remember. It’s run out, obviously.Janet :It can’t be the battery. It’s still charged. Oh no it’s still black. Oh dear, I hope it’s nothing serious. I haven’t backed anything up recently.Kate :That’s not like you, Janet.Janet :I know, but I lost my memory stick. I really should have backed things up. How stupid of me not to do that! Supposing I’ve lost everything!Mark :Let me take a look. The power is still on. And also the operating system still seems to be working (I)think it has to be the graphics card …But maybe that’s not the problem …Janet :If only I’d backed things up!KateRelax, Janet! We’ll take it to the computer shop this afternoon. I’m sure it’ll be OK.Janet :I hope so.2.The true statements are 1, 6 and 83.1. The battery2. It can’t be, the battery is still charged.3. Her memory stick.4.She hasn’t backed anything up for a while and she may lose these things.5. The operating system.6. The graphic card.Conversation2Janet :Tell me about Alice in Wonderland.KateI tell you what, I’ll read it to you.KateAlice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank and having nothing to do: Once or twice, she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, “and what is the use of a book,”thought Alice “without pictures or conversation”So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid) …JanetKate, Mark, where are you going You’ve got my laptop!KateIt’s all right, Janet, we’re taking it to the computer shop. We’ll be back soon.MarkIt’s not like Janet to forget to back up her work.KateShe should have been more careful.JanetIt was stupid of me, I know! Stupid, stupid!JanetOh! It was a dream! What a relief!KateYou were talking in your sleep.JanetWhat was I sayingKate“Stupid, stupid.”MarkI’ve sorted out your computer.JanetHave you Oh, thank goodness! What was the problemMarkIt was the graphics card, as I predicted …JanetIs that what it was! I’m so relieved! Thanks,Mark.KateHe’s great, isn’t heJanet :Yes. So are you, Kate.Kate :You’re such a good friend.4.1.Kate reads out from her book.2. Kate and Mark take the computer to be seen to. The computer problem has been put right.3. Janet regrets not backing up her data in her sleep.5.1. It’s not like Janet to2. She should have been3. It was stupid of me4. What a relief5. thank goodness6. What was the problem7. I’m so relieved6.1.b;2. B;3. B;4. AOutside viewVoice-over:When we talk about technology, we usually think small. However, we’re going to look at one of the biggest technological marvels of the 21st century. The Airbus A380 is the world’s biggest commercial aircraft. New technologies were used in the design, engineering and manufacture of this amazing “superjumbo”. The Airbus A380 is assembled in Toulouse in France, but parts of the aircraft are built in several European countries. They are brought to Toulouse by various means of transport. This is a ship which was built in China especially to transport the huge sections of the plane. Parts of the main body are built in Germany. Special carbon fibre materials are used to give the plane great strength with less weight than usual. The wings are made in Britain of the same carbon fibre material. They are much lighter than aluminum and steel. Several parts of the plane are built in factories in Spain. Finally, some sections are built inFrance, so Airbus has its own factories in Britain, France, Germany and Spain. One of the most important pieces of technology for such a huge aircraft is the landing gear. This is built in Canada where extensive tests are carried out to ensure that it can land under any conditions. The engines were developed by Rolls-Royce at Derby in Britain. Finally, pilots have to learn to fly the plane. This flight simulator at Toulouse uses the latest digital technology. Now for the moment of truth, with 154 planes ordered by the world’s airlines, the big question was: “Will it fly at all”On the day of the first flight, thousands of people gathered at Toulouse Airport to see the superjumbo fly for the first time. They were not disappointed. The biggest airliner in the history of aviation took to the air as planned.Topics mentioned are: 1, 3, 5, 6 and 82.1.France2. China3. Britain4. Spain, Germany, Britain, France5. Canada6.Britain7. France3.1.d;2. B;3. B;4. A; 4. CListening inPassage1PresenterCould technological advances be changing people’s identities –and possibly even society as a whole That is the theory behind a new book on the brain by Professor Susan Greenfield. The book is called Tomorrow’s People: How 21st Century Technology Is Changing the Way We Think and Feel. Greenfield suggests that advances in technology, and the effect they are having on our lives, are changing our very idea of who we are. In other words, they are changing our identity. And this, she thinks, is a very dangerous thing. I’m joined in the studio by Dr Jane Ferris, Professor of Neuroscience at Imperial College London and Brian Thomas, Professor of Surgery at University College Hospital. Let’s begin at the beginning. Brian, how do brains workBrianWell, a brain is a mass of neurons, and these neurons make connections with each other –billions of connections –and store information. We all have basically the same brain structure. It’s what we dowith our brain that makes the difference. We take in information. The neurons in our brain connect all this information and make sense of it. So to some extent, it’s the information we feed our brain that helps to make us the kind of people we are –and that’s what we call our identity.JaneAnd if I can come in here, children and young people are now spending huge amounts of time on video games that are often violent, also on the web, and on mobile phones. And Greenfield believes that the result is that these technologies may be changing the way young people think and even causing changes in theiridentity.PresenterWhy exactlyJaneBecause the information that an individual receives from computer games, for example, is very different from reality. And she fears that because of this, these technologies may be changing our sense of reality –what we see as real –and may even reduce it. And if this is happening, the result may well be changes in our behaviour.PresenterCan you give an exampleJaneRisk-taking is a good example –we may start taking more risks.BrianBut she admits there’s no conclusive evidence of this.JaneThat’s true.BrianI agree that Greenfield asks some interesting questions, but to say that technology can influence society to think and behave differently –we need much more research before we can accept this.2.1. presenter2. Brian Thomas3.Jane Ferris4. Jane Ferris5. Jane Ferris6. Brian Thomas3.1.in technology; who we are2. is a very dangerous thing3. all this information4. young people think5. in our behavior6. some interesting questionsPassage2Speaker 1Do we really need computers Aren’t they more trouble than they’re worth Speaker 2I think that’s one of the stupidest questions I’ve ever heard!Speaker 1I thought you might say that.Speaker 2Of course we need computers. How can anyone say otherwise They’ve revolutionized our lives. I mean, I don’t know where to begin, they’ve changed our lives so much. Look. To start with, computers mean we can communicate with anyone anywhere in the world almost instantly.Speaker 1That’s not quite true.Speaker2Well, you know what I mean. I can send a document from London to Sydney in five minutes. If I want to conference with people there’s webcam –we can see each other on camera –do you really want me to go onSpeaker 1But why is it so useful, to be able to send a documentto Australia in five minutes What does it actually achieve Speaker 2It speeds things up. I don’t have to put the document in an envelope, stick a stamp on it and go to the post office, stand in a queue …knowing it will take another three days to get there –at least.Speaker 1But why the hurrySpeaker 2It’s good to get things done quickly.Speaker 1WhySpeaker 2Because you get more done that way.Speaker 1But is that really necessarily better Life moves so fast these days, don’t you think we should slow down a bit, enjoy life a bit moreSpeaker 2I think computers allow us to enjoy life more. Before we had computers if you wanted to research you had to go out and get a book. That took such a long time.Speaker 1So what We just did things more slowly, that’s all. Are you saying we have more time now than we didEveryone says that actually life is moving faster and faster. And what about all the problems that computers createSpeaker 2For exampleSpeaker 1Identity theft is a big one. You have to admit that identify theft has increased massively since we got the Internet.Speaker 2The Internet isn’t the only reason why identity theft has increased.Speaker 1You know as well as I do that it’s a big reason …Speaker 2Yes, but …6.1. Do we really need computer2. Of course we need computers- they’ve revolutionized our lives3.We can send a document from London to Sydney in five minutes; we can use webcam to conference with people who are far away.4. Life moves so fast these days. Don’t you think we should slow down a bit, enjoy life a bit more7.1. I thought you mightsay that.2. That’s not quite true.3. But why is it so useful, to be able to send a document to Australia in five minute4. But why the hurry5.But is that really necessarily better6. So what7. You know as well as I do it’s a big reason.。