现在完成时的延续性动词与非延续性动词
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1. 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动
词(短暂性动词或瞬间动词)。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有: ⑴ for+
一段时间,如: for 2 years; ⑵ since从句, 如 since he came h ere; since+过去时间点,如 since last year, since 5 days ago。
非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。在现在完成时的肯定句中,短暂性动词不能与表示时间段的
for短语,since短语或从句连用。也不能与表示时间段的how long引起的疑问句连用。
例如:(1) I have bought the book for 2 weeks. ( x )
I have bought the book. (√)
I have bought the book since two weeks ago. ( x )
I have bought the book two weeks ago. ( x )
I have had the book for two weeks. (√)
(2) The old man died 4 years ago.
=The old man has been dead for 4 years.
It is/has been 4 years since the old man died.
Four years has passed since the old man died.
2. 短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换:
(1) go (to)/ come (to)/arrive/get to/reach/move---be in/at become---be
return/go back/come back---be back
例如:He arrived in Beijing ten minutes ago.