(完整word版)小学生四年级英语语法
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1 小学英语语法
一、 名词
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。
(一)、可数名词和不可数名词
所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词 如果名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。
1、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式,。以元音开头的单词用an 表示一个如 an arm,以辅音开头的单词用a表示一个如:a triangle
2、不可数名词不能与a(an)连用,没有复数形式如meat, rice, water, milk,不能说 a milk,但是可以与 some 连用
如 some milk,some water
3、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______
二、 动词
1. be动词:主语 be(am,is,are) 其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2 2.行为动词:如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
3. be动词的变化。
否定句:主语 be not 其它。否定形式: am not,are’t, isn’t
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。
如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语 don't( doesn't ) 动词原形( 其它)。如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。如:
- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
动词 单三的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
动词用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
3 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
wash_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He ________(watch) TV at home.
2.She _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4.Ken _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. What ______you_______(do) after school?
7. He _______(read) books every day.
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(talk) together every day
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) a small spoon.
14. You _______(do) your homework well.after school
15. He _______(do) his homework well.after school
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons one day
20. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
4 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是一个辅音字母,一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,
stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
make__________ like________ write________ dance_________
love____________ play________ sing ________ have_________
put_________ run__________let ________ sit ________ swim _________
come ________ get_________ stop_________ see________ _do_________
begin________ shop___________ go_________ read________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a square now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing) .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is lili doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 6 o’clock now. We _____________(have )breakfast now
5 六、人称代词和物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
I me my mine
you you your
yours
he him his his
she her her hers
it it its its
we us our ours
they them their theirs
习题
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The coat is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack.