3.行政学研究的历史渊源:American writers have hitherto taken no very important part in the advancement of this science. It has found its doctors in Europe. It is not of our making: it is a foreign science, speaking very little of the language of English or Americ政研究的必要性:政府职能扩大化、 复杂化 2.行政学研究的目标: It is the object of
administrative study to discover, first, what government can properly and successfully do, and, secondly, how it can do these proper things with the utmost possible efficiency at the least possible cost either of money or of energy. 政府应当有哪些职能,以最高的效率和最低的 成本去履行这些职能。
政府具有政治与行政两种功能政治表达国 家意志,进行决策;行政负责执行。
The independence either of the body which express the state will or of the body which executes it must be sacrificed. Either the executing authority must be subordinated to the expressing authority, or the expressing authority must be subjected to the control of the executing authority.政治与行政要协调