牛津版-英语-模块二-语法时态

·模块二·Unit 1 Tales of the unexplainedI、现在完成时态(Present Perfect Tense)II、现在完成进行时态(Present Perfect Continuous Tense)【考点分析】本单元主要讲解现在完成时态与现在完成进行时态的用法。

I、现在完成时态【现在完成时态的构成】助动词have (has) +过去分词。

当句子的主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用has，其余人称均用助动词have。

现在完成时态的基本用法She has just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops in the city. 她刚在市里的一家商店买了一件漂亮的衣服。

We’ve done a lot of work on the project, but we haven’t completed it yet. 我们在工程方面花了不少功夫，但是到现在还没有完成。

--Are you going to further your studies after graduation?——毕业后你打算进修吗？--Well, I haven’t decided yet. I might make some other choices.——嗯，我还没有决定。

我可能会做其他选择。

So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species, and that is just a small number of what probably exists on Earth.到现在为止，科学家已经命名了一千八百万种有生命的物种，而这仅仅是地球上可能存在的物种的很小一部分。

The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern game started in 1896. 自从1896年现代奥运会开始以来，马拉松一直都是奥运会的比赛项目。

Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained (Module 2)【考点释析】1. I heard him put on his favorite CD. （P2）I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside. （P3）①to do和V-ing形式都可用在某些动词后作宾语补足语。

区别：V-ing形式表达动作旳情景，即动作正在进行，尚未完毕，不是全过程。

而动词不定式强调动作发生旳全过程，并且动作已完毕。

此类动词常用旳有hear，see，notice，watch，find，observe等。

I saw him coming downstairs. 我看见他在下楼。

（阐明他下楼时旳情景）I saw him come downstairs. 我看见他下楼了。

（阐明他下楼了这件事）②pull back 把…向后拉2. I haven’t seen Justin since. （P3）I haven’t been sleeping well since I returned home. （P3）①since 自从…以来；可用作副词、介词、连词，与完毕时态连用。

They left town and haven’t been here (ever) since. (adv.)他们离开了镇子，从那后来再也没有来过这儿。

They have been friends since childhood. (prep.) 他们从幼时起一直是好朋友。

He hasn't been home since he graduated. (conj.) 他毕业后没回过家。

【注意】since引导旳时间状语从句中，谓语是延续性动词或状态动词时，意思是“自从某动作不发生以来，或自从某状态不存在以来”已经多长时间了。

例如：It is two weeks since she was ill. 她已经病愈两周了。

M2U2 时态练习一、单项选择1.They________with us for the time being .A. will stayB. would stayC. have been stayingD. will be staying2.The car____at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o’clock tonight.A.would goB.went C.will be going D. goes3.Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because________A.he must have a classB.he will be teaching a classC.he teaches a classD.he will have been teaching a class4.He________his meals in the hotel when he lives here.A. will have been eatingB. will be eatingC. will have eatenD. will be eaten5.This time next week I’ll be on vacation .Probably I ________ on the beach.A. am lyingB. have lainC. will have lainD. will be lying6.I won’t be able to watch the concert on TV because I________homework at that time.A. shall have doneB. shall be doingC. shall doD. shall have doing7.I________my father-in –law at three this afternoon.A. shall be seeingB. shall be seenC. shall have been seeingD. shall have seen8. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.— I think so. He ________ for it for months. 2008江苏A. is preparingB. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing9. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. 2008山东A. walksB. walkedC. has walkedD. had walked10. So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. 2008福建A. sawB. seeC. had seenD. have seen11. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class atSunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. 2007湖南A. studiesB. studiedC. is studyingD. has been studying12. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. 2007福建A. worksB. is workingC. has workedD. had worked13. —I have got a headache.—No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. 2007江西A. workB. are workingC. have been workingD. worked14. The unemployment rate in this district___ from 6% to 5% in thepast two years. 2007上海A. has fallenB. had fallenC. is fallingD. was falling15. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school,butshe hasn’t decided yet.北京A. had consideredB. has been consideringC. consideredD. is going to consider16. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet 2007江苏—Yes. We had a great time there.A. Have ; shownB. Do ; showC. Had; shownD. Did; show17. —Hi, Tracy,you look pale.—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.A. paintedB. had paintedC. have been paintingD. have painted18. Unless he ________ to help us, we shall lose the game.A. promisesB. will promiseC. would promiseD. had promise19. Would you please give him this message the moment he ________.A. arrivesB. arrivedC. will arriveD. will be arriving20. The moment I _______ her, I knew something ________ wrong.A. have seen, goneB. had seen, hadC. saw, wasD. see, had gone21. I’m sure he will help her if she _________ him.A. asksB. askedC. would askD. had asked22. However hard you ________, you will never succeed in pleasingher.A. should tryB. will tryC. would tryD. try23. As soon as I ________ home, I’ll have a hot bath.A. have gotB. will getC. getD. am getting24. Oh, it's you, I'm sorry I _ know you here.A. don't, areB. didn't, areC. didn't, wereD. don't, were25. Who do you think him angryA. madeB. makeC. to makeD.making二、填空A 用所给动词的恰当时态形式填空1. My brother ________ while he _______his bicycle. fall, ride2. The match will be put off if it ________ tomorrow. rain4. –It is a long time since we met last time.-- I ________in England for one year. study5. This time next week she ________in that company. work6. It is expected that the bridge __________ by next monthplete7. There __________a lot of changes in the last 10 years. be8. It is the third time you ___________late this week. arrive9. By the time he was 12, Edison ________to make a living by himself. begin10.---Oh, it’s you I ____________you . not , recognize11. You know, I ______ look for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.12. My sister ________ stay in Beijing for three months last year.13. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ play in the mud all the morning.14. I ________ wonder if you were free this afternoon.15. Here he is We ________ wait anxiously for him since last night.B 用动词write的恰当时态形式填空1. He often _________ letters to his parents.2. He ________letters to his parents now.3. He_________ two letters to his parents since he came here.4. He____________ a letter to his parents all this morning.5. He ________ a letter to his parents two days ago.6. He_________ a letter to his parents when she came in.7. He_________ ten letters to his parents by the end of last week..8. He_______ a letter to his parents tonight.9. He________ a letter to his parents at seven o’clock this evening.10. He ______twelve letters to his parents by the time he leaves for Africa.11. He said he _______ a letter to his parents the next week.12. He said he ___________ a letter the whole morningM2U2 时态练习答案一、单项选择1-5 DCBBD6-10 BADCD11-15 DCCAB16-20 ACAAC21-25 ADCCA二、填空A 用所给动词的恰当形式填空1.fell, was riding2. rains3. takes4.studied5.will be working6. will have been completed7.have been8.have arrived9.had begun 10. didn't recognize 11. havebeen looking12. stayed 13. has been playing/ has played 14.wondered15. have been waitingB 用动词write的恰当时态形式填空1.writes2. Is writing3. Has written4.has beenwriting5.wrote6. Was writing7.had written8. Will write 9.will be writing 10. Will have written11. Would write12.had been writing。

牛津高中英语模块二（第一讲）主讲教师：邵磊主审：孙德霖【教学内容与教学要求】一、教学内容：牛津高中英语模块二Unit 1（上）二、教学要求：1．学会谈论有关宇宙空间的简单话题。

2．学习阅读英语新闻综述。

3．理解现在完成时和现在完成进行时的意义和用法。

【知识重点与学习难点】一、重要单词：tale, unexplained, .alien, mystery, technology, monster, sunken(adj) stonehenge, pyramid, disappearance, multi-coloured, nightmare, detective, format, detail, paragraph, Yeti, puzzle(n&v), sighting, witness, creature, research, frighten, case, murder, convincing, evidence, typical, outer, progress, treasure, lately, website, wild, similar, hairy, strength, footprint, existence, inch, exploration, orbit, launch, artificial, astronaut, oxygen.二、重点词组：run into碰到, believe in相信（信仰、理论、说法等）, step up 加紧, go missing失踪, show great interest in对….表现出极大的兴趣, due to因为, show up露面, according to根据, pull back拉开, do research on在….方面进行研究, rule out排除, look into调查, make up编造, take charge of负责, make a speech作报告, so far 到目前为止, outer space外层空间, human beings人类, space shuttle航天飞机, Soviet Union苏联, carry out.完成, 实现, 贯彻, 执行, dream of梦想, come true实现, solar system太阳系, comic strip 连环漫画.三、【语法】A.现在完成时1．现在完成时态的构成：现在完成时是由助动词have/has+过去分词构成。

牛津英语模块二语法时态现在完成时概念现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。

结构及用法现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”1. 现在完成时的“完成用法”现在完成时的“完成用法”指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。

例如：She has turned off the TV. 她已把电视关了。

(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况——电视现在没有打开。

) 现在完成时“完成用法”的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning/month /year..., today等)连用。

例如：Have you found your pencil yet？你已找到你的铅笔了吗？2. 现在完成时的“未完成用法”现在完成时的“未完成用法”指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。

例如：He has lived here since 1971. 自从1971年以来，他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1971年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。

) We have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我们在部队已经呆了五年多了。

(动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。

)此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：up to now，so far到目前为止)等。

例如：I have heard nothing from her up to now. 到目前为止我没有她的任何消息。

⽜津·模块2Unit3Grammarandusage过去完成时态学案译林⽜津英语·模块六Unit 3 Amazing peoplePast perfect tense（过去完成时态）过去完成时态是由“had (not) +过去分词”构成。

过去完成时态的基本⽤法：By the 1990s the number of Tibetan antelopes had fallen to about 50,000.截⽌到20世纪90年代，藏羚⽺的数量下降到了⼤约5万只。

Johnson went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets had sold out. 约翰逊在午饭时去It rained at last the day before yesterday after it had been dry for several months. 在⼲旱了⼏个⽉之后，前天终于下⾬了。

Einstein had taught himself advanced mathematics by the time he was 14. 到14岁时，爱因斯坦I had intended to come to the party, but I was busy. 我原本打算来参加晚会的，可是我太忙了。

Like every school boy I had thought that going into space as an astronaut must be the best job in打断了我的话。

Hardly had our monitor gained a qualification for an Olympic torch carrier when the reporters came to interview him. 我们班长刚获得奥运⽕炬选⼿的资格，媒体记者就来采访他了。

Module2 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained 一、一般词汇1. unexplained2. appropriate3. injury4. questionnaire5. humor6. detective7. statement8. enthusiastic9. incident10. laughter 11. mystery12. villager13. strength14. existence15. alien16. journalist17. astronomer18. badminton19. tournament20. ancestor二、重点单词①searchsearch forin search of②casein case ofin any case③convinceconvince sb of sthbe convinced that④supportin support ofsupport withsupport one’s family⑤be puzzled about⑥possibleIt is possible thatIt is possible for sb to do sth.三、重点短语1. 加快、加紧2. 调查3. 由于4. 放弃5. 梦想6. 对…进行研究7. 属于8. 前往9. 编造10. 负责11. 追赶12. 进入，踏上13. 以惊人的速度14. 与其说…倒不如说15. 出现，现身16. 撞上，偶遇17. 万一18. 搜寻19. 与…有联系三、翻译句子1. This incident has received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappeared.2. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.1.What one thinks and feels is mainly ___________ tradition, habit and education.2. The journalist wanted to _____________ wine shops, so he went to several different shops.3. He didn’t have a good excuse for beinglate, so he ____________one ____________.4. The government has set up a working party to ____________ the problem of dug abuse.5. Why don’t you _____________the dark grey suit today?6. We decided to _____________ production to try to meet the increased demand.7. We _____________some French when we worked there.8. The company ____________ big quality problems when Tom was in charge.五．选择题1. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just ______.A. by natureB. in returnC. in caseD. by chance2. So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attackB. the attack didC. was the attackD. the attack was3. Stonehenge has attracted a lot of attention but nobody has come up with a _____________ explanation as to who built it.A. puzzledB. convincingC. convincedD. puzzling4. Don’t respond to any e-mails _____________ personal information, no matter how official they look.A. searchingB. askingC. requestingD. questioning5. The idea __________ only in the minds of poets. Which of the following is not the answer?A. is foundB. occursC. existsD. comes6. The traffic lights _________ green and I pulled away.A. cameB. grewC. got C. went7. At the age of sixty, he returned home and spent his time _________ agriculture.A. in research atB. on research intoC. in research intoD. on research at8. Facing the ___________ situation the sales manager looked ____________.A. puzzling; puzzledB. puzzling; puzzlingC. puzzled; puzzledD. puzzled; puzzling9. My elder sister was against my travel plan while my parents were________ it.A. in need ofB. in face ofC. in memory ofD. in support of10. After he became conscious, he remembered __________ and _________ on the head with a rod.A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit11. We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and ___________, dogs give us their all.A. in all B in fact C. in short D. in return12. The police have ___________ the thief for several days, and now they are _________ the station.A. searched; searchedB. searched for; searched forC. searched for; searchingD. searched; searched for13. Farmers have to change their use of or demand for water __________ the water supply forecast.A. leading toB. due toC. owing toD. according to14. He didn’t expect to __________ some of his friends here.A. run afterB. run intoC. run toD. run out of15. He is always ___________ money before payday.A. running out ofB. running outC. run outD. run for16. ----Where are the students?---- They __________ the library half an hour ago.A. made their ways toB. made their way toC. made their ways forD. made their way for17. John opened the door. There ___________ he had never seen before.A. a girl did standB. a girl stoodC. did a girl standD. stood a girl18. Though_________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. was surprisedC. surprisedD. being surprised19. At the foot of the mountain ___________.A. a village liesB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village20. It’s said that Hellen ____________ abroad for many years, but I don’t know which school she is studying in.A. has studiedB. has been studyingC. studiedD. studies21. I have never been to the restaurant, but it is _______________ to be quite a good one.A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked22. The fact __________ he is an advanced worker is well known.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. whyUnit 2 Wish you were here 一．重点短语1. 提前，预先2 总共3 以...开始4. 接近5. 远高于6. 在山脚下7. 值得做8. 把某物呈现给某人9. 把... 吓跑10. 与…和谐相处11. 涉及，参考12. 是…的家园13. 用心倾听14. 拍照15. 供应某物给某人16. 不知所措17. 得到…的称号二、重点词汇includeincluded 放于修饰的名词或代词后including常被视作介词There are 40 students in the classroom, including me.There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.burybe buried inbury oneself in二、重点句子We’ll be traveling by camel with local guides, camping in tents and sleeping on the ground.We’ll live with the local people in their villages, and eat and drink whatever they do, including cow’s blood!Nature has provided Shangri-la with endless natural treasures, making the land a happy home for the local people.选择题1. If we sit near ___________ front of the bus, we’ll have ___________ better view.A. 不填；theB. 不填；aC. the; aD. the; the2. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ____________.A. has been reachedB. had been reachedC. has reachedD. had reached3. __________ in the book, he didn’t hear the sound.A. BuringB. To be buriedC. Having been buriedD. Buried4. Our headmaster ________ for me to show the visitors around our school.A. askedB. wantedC. arrangedD. let5. Even if they didn’t ___________ the cost of food in the tour, it’s still a cheap vacation to the U.S.A. holdB. containC. shareD. include6. The house still needed a lot of work, but _________ the kitchen was finished.A. insteadB. altogetherC. at onceD. at least7. Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ______ as a manager.A. ended upB. dropped outC. came backD. started off8. Chongqing and Wuhan are among the most important cities in China ________ their size and population.A. in favor ofB. in case ofC. in view ofD. in terms of9. He lives _______ to John than I, but does not get in touch with him as ___________as I do.A. closer; closeB. closer; closelyC. more closely; closeD. more closely; closely10. On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems _________ paid special attention to.A. referred to beingB. referred to beC. refer to beingD. refer to be11. ---How about camping this weekend, just for a change?---Ok, _______ you want.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever12. The essay is written in _______ easy English __________ beginners can understand.A. so; asB. such; thatC. such; asD. so; that13. ---Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.---Oh, yes. __________ others are weak, he is wrong.A. WhenB. WhereC. ThoughD. While14. _________ her father, the little girl ran to him, her schoolbag _______ behind her.A. Seeing; flyingB. Seen; flownC. To see; to flyD. Seeing; was flying15. _________ in front of us is the Tai Mountain, which is well known for its beautiful sunrise.A. To towerB. ToweringC. ToweredD. Being towered16. The nurse found a little boy in the corner of the room, ______ and crying.A. frightenedB. frighteningC. being frightenedD. having frightened过去时态。