LM321中文资料_数据手册_参数

Small and Thin ±18 g AccelerometerADXL321Rev. 0Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 Fax: 781.326.8703© 2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.FEATURESSmall and thin4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm LFCSP package 3 m g resolution at 50 HzWide supply voltage range: 2.4 V to 6 V Low power: 350 μA at V S = 2.4 V (typ) Good zero g bias stability Good sensitivity accuracyX-axis and Y-axis aligned to within 0.1° (typ) BW adjustment with a single capacitor Single-supply operation 10,000 g shock survivalCompatible with Sn/Pb and Pb-free solder processesAPPLICATIONSVibration monitoring and compensation Abuse event detection Sports equipmentGENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe ADXL321 is a small and thin, low power, complete dual-axis accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs, which is all on a single monolithic IC. The product measures acceleration with a full-scale range of ±18 g (typical). It can also measure both dynamic acceleration (vibration) and static acceleration (gravity).The ADXL321’s typical noise floor is 320 μg /√Hz, allowing signals below 3 m g to be resolved in tilt-sensing applications using narrow bandwidths (<50 Hz).The user selects the bandwidth of the accelerometer using capacitors C X and C Y at the X OUT and Y OUT pins. Bandwidths of 0.5 Hz to 2.5 kHz may be selected to suit the application. The ADXL321 is available in a very thin 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm, 16-lead, plastic LFCSP .FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM05291-001C DCFigure 1.ADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 16TABLE OF CONTENTSSpecifications.....................................................................................3 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................4 ESD Caution..................................................................................4 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions.............................5 Typical Performance Characteristics (V S = 3.0 V).......................7 Theory of Operation......................................................................11 Performance................................................................................11 Applications.....................................................................................12 Power Supply Decoupling.........................................................12 Setting the Bandwidth Using C X and C Y .................................12 Self-Test.......................................................................................12 Design Trade-Offs for Selecting Filter Characteristics: The Noise/BW Trade-Off..................................................................12 Use with Operating V oltages Other than 3 V.............................13 Use as a Dual-Axis Tilt Sensor.................................................13 Outline Dimensions.......................................................................14 Ordering Guide.. (14)REVISION HISTORY12/04—Revision 0: Initial VersionADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 16SPECIFICATIONS 1T A = 25°C, V S = 3 V , C X = C Y = 0.1 μF, Acceleration = 0 g , unless otherwise noted. Table 1.Parameter Conditions M in Typ M ax Unit SENSOR INPUT Each axisMeasurement Range ±18g Nonlinearity % of full scale ±0.2 % Package Alignment Error ±1 Degrees Alignment Error X sensor to Y sensor ±0.1 Degrees Cross Axis Sensitivity ±2 % SENSITIVITY (RATIOMETRIC)2Each axis Sensitivity at X OUT , Y OUT V S = 3 V 51 57 63 mV/g Sensitivity Change due to Temperature 3V S = 3 V 0.01 %/°C ZERO g BIAS LEVEL (RATIOMETRIC) Each axis 0 g Voltage at X OUT , Y OUT V S = 3 V 1.4 1.5 1.6 V 0 g Offset vs. Temperature ±2 m g /°C NOISE PERFORMANCE Noise Density @ 25°C 320 μg /√Hz rms FREQUENCY RESPONSE 4C X , C Y Range 50.002 10 μF R FILT Tolerance 32 ± 15% kΩ Sensor Resonant Frequency 5.5 kHzSELF-TEST 6Logic Input Low 0.6 V Logic Input High 2.4 V ST Input Resistance to Ground 50 kΩ Output Change at X OUT , Y OUT Self-test 0 to 1 18 mV OUTPUT AMP L IFIER Output Swing Low No load 0.3 V Output Swing High No load 2.6 V POWER SUPP L Y Operating Voltage Range 2.4 6 V Quiescent Supply Current 0.49 mA Turn-On Time 7 20 ms TEMPERATURE Operating Temperature Range −20 +70 °C1 All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed. Typical specifications are not guaranteed. 2Sensitivity is essentially ratiometric to V S . 3Defined as the change from ambient-to-maximum temperature or ambient-to-minimum temperature. 4Actual frequency response controlled by user-supplied external capacitor (C X , C Y ). 5Bandwidth = 1/(2 × π × 32 kΩ × C). For C X , C Y = 0.002 μF, bandwidth = 2500 Hz. For C X , C Y = 10 μF, bandwidth = 0.5 Hz. Minimum/maximum values are not tested. 6Self-test response changes cubically with V S . 7Larger values of C X , C Y increase turn-on time. Turn-on time is approximately 160 × C X or C Y + 4 ms, where C X , C Y are in μF.ADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 16ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSTable 2.Parameter RatingStresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolutemaximum rating conditions for extended periods may affectdevice reliability.Acceleration (Any Axis, Unpowered) 10,000 gAcceleration (Any Axis, Powered) 10,000 gV −0.3 V to +7.0 VS All Other Pins (COM − 0.3 V) to(V S + 0.3 V) Output Short-Circuit Duration (Any Pin to Common) Indefinite Operating Temperature Range −55°C to +125°CStorage Temperature −65°C to +150°CESD CAUTIONESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulateon the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performancedegradation or loss of functionality.ADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 16PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONSNC X OUT ST NC COM Y OUT NC NCCOM COM COM NCNCV V NCNC = NO CONNECT05291-002Figure 2. Pin ConfigurationTable 3. Pin Function DescriptionsPin No. Mnemonic Description1, 4, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16 NCDo Not Connect2 ST Self-Test 3, 5 to 7 COM Common10 Y OUT Y Channel Output 12 X OUT X Channel Output 14, 15 V 2.4 V to 6 VSADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 16T E M P E R A T U R ETIMET TFigure 3. Recommended Soldering ProfileTable 4. Recommended Soldering ProfileProfile Feature Sn63/Pb37 Pb-Free Average Ramp Rate (T L to T ) 3°C/s max 3°C/s maxP Preheat Minimum Temperature (T SMIN ) 100°C 150°C Minimum Temperature (T SMAX ) 150°C 200°C Time (T SMIN to T SMAX ), t 60 s − 120 s 60 s − 150 s S T SMAX to T L Ramp-Up Rate 3°C/s 3°C/s Time Maintained Above Liquidous (T L ) Liquidous Temperature (T L ) 183°C 217°C Time (t L ) 60 s − 150 s 60 s − 150 s Peak Temperature (T P ) 240°C + 0°C/−5°C 260°C + 0°C/−5°C Time within 5°C of Actual Peak Temperature (t P ) 10 s − 30 s 20 s − 40 s Ramp-Down Rate 6°C/s max 6°C/s max Time 25°C to Peak Temperature 6 min max 8 min maxADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 16TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (V S = 3.0 V)25201510501.40 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.48 1.50 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.58 1.6005291-004VOLTS% O F P O P U L A T I ON2520151051.40 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.48 1.50 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.58 1.6005291-007VOLTS% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 4. X-Axis Zero g Bias at 25°CFigure 7. Y-Axis Zero g Bias at 25°C2520151050–10–8–6–4–2024681005291-005m g /°C% O F P O P U L A T I ON252015105–10–8–6–4–2024681005291-008m g /°C% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 5. X-Axis Zero g Bias Temperature CoefficientFigure 8. Y-Axis Zero g Bias Temperature Coefficient5045403530252015105052535455565758596005291-006mV/g% O F P O P U L A T I ON5045403530252015105052535455565758596005291-009mV/g% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 6. X-Axis Sensitivity at 25°C Figure 9. Y-Axis Sensitivity at 25°CADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 161.6001.5751.5501.5251.5001.4751.4501.4251.400–30–20–100102030405060708005291-010TEMPERATURE (°C)O U T P U T (S C A L E = 56m V /g)0.0600.0590.0580.0570.0560.0550.0540.0530.052–30–101030507005291-013S E N S I T I V I T Y (m V /g)TEMPERATURE (°C)Figure 10. Zero g Bias vs. Temperature—Parts Soldered to PCBFigure 13. Sensitivity vs. Temperature—Parts Soldered to PCB30202515105020022024026028030032034005291-011NOISE DENSITY (μg / Hz)% O F P O P U L A T I O N3020251510520022024026028030032034005291-014NOISE DENSITY (μg / Hz)% O F P O P U L A T I O NFigure 11. X-Axis Noise Density at 25°CFigure 14. Y-Axis Noise Density at 25°C252015105–5–4–3–2–101234505291-012PERCENT SENSITIVITY (%)%O F P O P U L A T I O N30252015105–5–4–3–2–101234505291-015PERCENT SENSITIVITY (%)% O F P O P U L A T I O NFigure 12. Z vs. X Cross-Axis Sensitivity Figure 15. Z vs. Y Cross-Axis SensitivityADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 1605291-019161412108642010212019181716151413121105291-016mV% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 19. Turn-On Time—C Figure 16. X-Axis Self-Test Response at 25°C403530252015105042043044045046047048049050051052053005291-017CURRENT (μA)% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 17. Supply Current at 25°C161412108642010212019181716151413121105291-018mV% O F P O P U L A T I ONFigure 18. Y-Axis Self-Test Response at 25°CX , C = 0.1 μF, Time Scale = 2 ms/DIVYADXL321Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 1605291-02X OUT = 1.500V Y OUT = 1.500VX OUT = 1.500V Y OUT = 1.443VX OUT = 1.443V Y OUT = 1.500VX OUT = 1.557V Y OUT = 1.50VX OUT = 1.500V Y OUT= 1.557VEARTH'S SURFACEFigure 20. Output Response vs. Orientation (Top View)THEORY OF OPERATIONThe ADXL321 is a complete acceleration measurement system on a single monolithic IC. The ADXL321 has a measurement range of ±18 g. It contains a polysilicon surface-micromachined sensor and signal conditioning circuitry to implement an open-loop acceleration measurement architecture. The output signals are analog voltages that are proportional to acceleration. The accelerometer measures static acceleration forces, such as gravity, which allows it to be used as a tilt sensor.The sensor is a polysilicon surface-micromachined structure built on top of a silicon wafer. Polysilicon springs suspend the structure over the surface of the wafer and provide a resistance against acceleration forces. Deflection of the structure is measured using a differential capacitor that consists of independent fixed plates and plates attached to the moving mass. The fixed plates are driven by 180° out-of-phase square waves. Acceleration deflects the beam and unbalances the differential capacitor, resulting in an output square wave whose amplitude is proportional to acceleration. Phase-sensitive demodulation techniques are then used to rectify the signal and determine the direction of the acceleration. The demodulator’s output is amplified and brought off-chip through a 32 kΩ resistor. The user then sets the signal bandwidth of the device by adding a capacitor. This filtering improves measurement resolution and helps prevent aliasing. PERFORMANCERather than using additional temperature compensation circuitry, innovative design techniques have been used to ensure high performance is built-in. As a result, there is neither quantization error nor nonmonotonic behavior, and temperature hysteresis is very low (typically less than 10 m g over the −20°C to +70°C temperature range).Figure 10 shows the zero g output performance of eight parts (X- and Y-axis) over a −20°C to +70°C temperature range. Figure 13 demonstrates the typical sensitivity shift over temperature for supply voltages of 3 V. This is typically better than ±1% over the −20°C to +70°C temperature range.APPLICATIONSPOWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING DESIGN TRADE-OFFS FOR SELECTING FILTERCHARACTERISTICS: THE NOISE/BW TRADE-OFF For most applications, a single 0.1 μF capacitor, C DC, adequatelydecouples the accelerometer from noise on the power supply. However, in some cases, particularly where noise is present at the 140 kHz internal clock frequency (or any harmonic thereof), noise on the supply may cause interference on the ADXL321 output. If additional decoupling is needed, a 100 Ω (or smaller) resistor or ferrite bead may be inserted in the supply line. Additionally, a larger bulk bypass capacitor (in the 1 μF to 4.7 μF range) may be added in parallel to C The accelerometer bandwidth selected ultimately determines the measurement resolution (smallest detectable acceleration). Filtering can be used to lower the noise floor, which improves the resolution of the accelerometer. Resolution is dependent on the analog filter bandwidth at XDC.SETTING THE BANDWIDTH USING C X AND C YThe ADXL321 has provisions for band-limiting the X OUT andY OUT pins. Capacitors must be added at these pins to implementlow-pass filtering for antialiasing and noise reduction. Theequation for the 3 dB bandwidth isF−3 dB = 1/(2π(32 kΩ) × C(X, Y))or more simply,F–3 dB = 5 μF/C(X, Y)The tolerance of the internal resistor (R FILT) typically varies asmuch as ±15% of its nominal value (32 kΩ), and the bandwidth varies accordingly. A minimum capacitance of 2000 pF for C Xand C Y is required in all cases.Table 5. Filter Capacitor Selection, C X and C YBandwidth (Hz) Capacitor (μF)1 4.7 10 0.47 50 0.10 100 0.05 200 0.027 500 0.01SELF-TESTThe ST pin controls the self-test feature. When this pin is set toV S, an electrostatic force is exerted on the accelerometer beam.The resulting movement of the beam allows the user to test ifthe accelerometer is functional. The typical change in output is315 m g (corresponding to 18 mV). This pin may be left open-circuit or connected to common (COM) in normal use.The ST pin should never be exposed to voltages greater thanV S + 0.3 V. If this cannot be guaranteed due to the systemdesign (for instance, if there are multiple supply voltages), thena low V F clamping diode between ST and V S is recommended.OUT and Y OUT.The output of the ADXL321 has a typical bandwidth of 2.5 kHz. The user must filter the signal at this point to limit aliasing errors. The analog bandwidth must be no more than half theA/D sampling frequency to minimize aliasing. The analog bandwidth may be further decreased to reduce noise and improve resolution.The ADXL321 noise has the characteristics of white Gaussian noise, which contributes equally at all frequencies and is described in terms of μg/√Hz (the noise is proportional to the square root of the accelerometer’s bandwidth). The user should limit bandwidth to the lowest frequency needed by the application in order to maximize the resolution and dynamic range of the accelerometer.With the single-pole, roll-off characteristic, the typical noise of the ADXL321 is determined by)1.6BW()Hzμg/(320××=rmsNoiseAt 100 Hz bandwidth the noise will bemg4)1.6100()Hzμg/(320=××=rmsNoiseOften, the peak value of the noise is desired. Peak-to-peak noise can only be estimated by statistical methods. A factor of 6 is generally used to convert rms to peak-to-peak. Table 6 is useful for estimating the probabilities of exceeding various peak values, given the rms value.Table 6. Estimation of Peak-to-Peak Noise% of Time That Noise ExceedsNominal Peak-to-Peak ValuePeak-to-Peak Value2 × rms 324 × rms 4.66 × rms 0.278 × rms 0.006Peak-to-peak noise values give the best estimate of the uncertainty in a single measurement. Table 7 gives the typical noise output of the ADXL321 for various C X and C Y values. Table 7. Filter Capacitor Selection (C X, C Y)Bandwidth (Hz) C X, C Y(μF)RMS Noise(m g)Peak-to-PeakNoise Estimate(mg)10 0.471.3 7.8 50 0.12.9 17.4 100 0.0474 24 500 0.019.1 54.6 USE WITH OPERATING VOLTAGES OTHER THAN 3 V The ADXL321 is tested and specified at V S = 3 V; however, it can be powered with V S as low as 2.4 V or as high as 6 V. Note that some performance parameters change as the supply voltage is varied.The ADXL321 output is ratiometric, so the sensitivity (or scale factor) varies proportionally to supply voltage. At V S = 5 V, the sensitivity is typically 100 mV/g. At V S = 2.4 V, the sensitivity is typically 45 mV/g.The zero g bias output is also ratiometric, so the zero g output is nominally equal to V S/2 at all supply voltages.The output noise is not ratiometric but is absolute in volts; therefore, the noise density decreases as the supply voltage increases. This is because the scale factor (mV/g) increases while the noise voltage remains constant. At V S = 5 V, the noise density is typically 190 μg/√Hz, while at V S = 2.4 V, the noise density is typically 400 μg/√Hz,Self-test response in g is roughly proportional to the square of the supply voltage. However, when ratiometricity of sensitivityis factored in with supply voltage, the self-test response in volts is roughly proportional to the cube of the supply voltage. For example, at V S = 5 V, the self-test response for the ADXL321 is approximately 80 mV. At V S = 2.4 V, the self-test response is approximately 8 mV.The supply current decreases as the supply voltage decreases. Typical current consumption at V S = 5 V is 750 μA, and typical current consumption at V S = 2.4 V is 350 μA. USE AS A DUAL-AXIS TILT SENSORAn accelerometer is most sensitive to tilt when its sensitive axis is perpendicular to the force of gravity (that is, when it is parallel to the earth’s surface). At this orientation, its sensitivity to changes in tilt is highest. When the accelerometer is oriented on axis to gravity (near its +1 g or −1 g reading), the change in output acceleration per degree of tilt is negligible. When the accelerometer is perpendicular to gravity, its output changes nearly 17.5 m g per degree of tilt. At 45°, its output changes at only 12.2 m g per degree of tilt, and resolution declines. Converting Acceleration to TiltWhen the accelerometer is oriented so both its X-axis andY-axis are parallel to the earth’s surface, it can be used as a 2-axis tilt sensor with both a roll axis and pitch axis. Once the output signal from the accelerometer has been converted to an acceleration that varies between −1 g and +1 g, the output tilt in degrees is calculated asPITCH = arcsine(A X/1 g)ROLL = arcsine(A Y/1 g)Be sure to account for overranges. It is possible for the accelerometers to output a signal greater than ±1 g due to vibration, shock, or other accelerations.OUTLINE DIMENSIONSPLANE*STACKED DIE WITH GLASS SEAL.7266-AFigure 21. 16-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [MQ_LFCSP_LQ]4 mm × 4 mm Body, Thick Quad(CP-16-5a*)Dimensions shown in millimeters(Drawing Not to Scale)ORDERING GUIDEMeasurementRangeSpecifiedVoltage (V)TemperatureRangeModel PackageDescriptionPackageOption ADXL321JCP±18 g 3 −20°C to +70°C 16-Lead LFCSP_LQ CP-16-5a 1ADXL321JCP–REEL±18 g 3 −20°C to +70°C 16-Lead LFCSP_LQ CP-16-5a ADXL321EB Evaluation Board1 Lead finish—Matte tin.NOTESNOTES© 2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.D05291–0–6/07(0)。

IM1232单相交流电能计量模块产品介绍一、1.1简介1.2功能特点1.3技术参数二、应用2.1接线说明2.2尺寸说明2.3应用说明三、Modbus寄存器四、通讯规约说明五、注意事项一、产品介绍1.1、简介IM1232计量模块能对线路中的电参数准确测量，提供电压，电流，功率，电能，功率因数，频率等参数，可以使用RS485，TTL，433M无线几种方式进行通讯，方便远程数据采集，板上集成可控继电器，可以远程进行控制，可以设置电压，电流阀值，计量模块检测到电压或电流超过阀值后，切断负载电源，可以起到保护电器的作用。

1.2、功能特点1.2.1.采集单相交流电参数，包括电压、电流、功率、电能等多个电参量，信息全1.2.2.采用专用测量芯片，有效值测量方式，测量精度高1.2.3.带RS-485通讯接口，可选TTL，433M无线几种方式进行通讯，1.2.4.通信规约采用标准Modbus-RTU，兼容性好，方便编程1.2.5.宽工作电压AC80～240V1.2.6.采用工业级芯片，并具有完善的防雷抗干扰措施，保证可靠性1.2.7.高隔离电压，耐压达AC:2000V1.2.8.板上集成可控继电器1.3、技术参数1.3.1单相交流输入1)电压量程：；AC80～260V2)电流量程：20MA-10A3)信号处理：采用专用测量芯片，24位AD采样；4)过载能力：10A量程可持续；5)输入阻抗：电压通道＞1kΩ／V；电流通道≤100mΩ；1.3.2开关量输出1路，继电器开路输出，电压、电流过载报警保护输出功能；1.3.3通讯接口1)接口类型：可选RS-485，TTL，433M无线接口2)通讯规约：MODBUS-RTU规约；3)数据格式：可软件设置，“n,8,1”、“e,8,1”、“o,8,1”、“n,8,2”；4)通讯速率：RS-485通讯接口波特率可设置1200、2400、4800、9600Bps；5)通讯数据：电压、电流、功率、电能等多个电参量，见Mdobus数据寄存器列表1.3.4测量精度电压、电流、功率：±1.0%；有功电度1级1.3.5电源1)电压线路80V～260VAC220V供电时，峰值电压不得超过265V；典型功耗：≤2W；1.3.6工作环境1)工作温度：-20～+60℃；存放温度：-40～+85℃；2)相对湿度：5～95%，无结露（在40℃下）；3)海拔高度：0～3000米；4)环境：无爆炸、腐蚀气体及导电尘埃，无显著摇动、振动和冲击的场所；1.3.7温度漂移：≤100ppm/℃；1.3.8模块尺寸：74.5×42.5mm二、应用2.1、接线说明（1）被测电压“零线”接到VN （中间黑线），“火线进”接到VL （左边红色线，标有“IN ”），“火线出”接到VL’(右侧红色线，标有“OUT ”）。

LM321Low Power Single Op AmpGeneral DescriptionThe LM321brings performance and economy to low power systems.With a high unity gain frequency and a guaranteed 0.4V/µs slew rate,the quiescent current is only 430µA/amplifier (5V).The input common mode range in-cludes ground and therefore the device is able to operate in single supply applications as well as in dual supply applica-tions.It is also capable of comfortably driving large capaci-tive loads.The LM321is available in the SOT23-5package.Overall the LM321is a low power,wide supply range performance op amp that can be designed into a wide range of applications at an economical price without sacrificing valuable board space.Features(V CC =5V,T A =25˚C.Typical values unless specified).n Gain-Bandwidth product 1MHz n Low supply current 430µA n Low input bias current 45nA n Wide supply voltage range +3V to +32V n Stable with high capacitive loads n Single version of LM324Applicationsn Chargersn Power suppliesn Industrial:controls,instruments n DesktopsnCommunications infrastructureConnection DiagramSOT23-520007601Top ViewApplication CircuitDC Summing Amplifier (V IN’s ≥0V DC and V O ≥V DC )20007607Where:V 0=V 1+V 2-V 3-V 4,(V 1+V 2)≥(V 3+V 4)to keep V O>0V DCOrdering InformationPackage Part Number Package MarkingTransport Media NSC Drawing5-Pin SOT-23LM321MF A63A1k Units Tape and Reel MF05ALM321MFX3k Units Tape and ReelApril 2001LM321Low Power Single Op Amp©2001National Semiconductor Corporation Absolute Maximum Ratings(Note 1)If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.Differential Input Voltage±Supply VoltageInput Current (V IN <−0.3V)(Note 6)50mA Supply Voltage (V +-V −)32VInput Voltage−0.3V to +32V Output Short Circuit to GND,V +≤15V and T A =25˚C (Note 2)Continuous Storage Temperature Range−65˚C to 150˚CJunction Temperature (Note 3)150˚C Mounting TemperatureLead Temp (Soldering,10sec)260˚C Infrared (10sec)215˚C Thermal Resistance to Ambient (θJA )265˚C/WESD Tolerance (Note 10)300VOperating Ratings (Note 1)Temperature Range −40˚C to 85˚CSupply Voltage3V to 30VElectrical CharacteristicsUnless otherwise specified,all limits guaranteed for at T A =25˚C;V +=5V,V −=0V,V O =1.4V.Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes.Symbol ParameterConditionsMin (Note 5)Typ (Note 4)Max (Note 5)Units V OS Input Offset Voltage (Note 7)279mV I OS Input Offset Current 550150nA I B Input Bias Current (Note 8)45250500nA V CM Input Common-Mode Voltage Range V +=30V (Note 9)For CMRR >=50dB 0V +-1.5V +-2V A V Large Signal Voltage Gain (V +=15V,R L =2k ΩV O =1.4V to 11.4V)2515100V/mV PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio R S ≤10k Ω,V +≤5V to 30V 65100dB CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio R S ≤10k Ω6585dB V OOutput SwingV OH V +=30V,R L =2k Ω26V V +=30V,R L =10k Ω2728V OLV +=5V,R L =10k Ω520mV I SSupply Current,No LoadV +=5V 0.4300.7 1.151.2mAV +=30V0.6601.52.853I SOURCE Output Current Sourcing V ID =+1V,V +=15V,V O =2V20104020mAI SINKOutput Current SinkingV ID =−1VV +=15V,V O =2V 105208mA V ID =−1VV +=15V,V O =0.2V12100µA I O Output Short Circuit to Ground (Note 2)V +=15V4085mASRSlew RateV +=15V,R L =2k Ω,V IN =0.5to 3VC L =100pF,Unity Gain 0.4V/µsGBW Gain Bandwidth ProductV +=30V,f =100kHz,V IN =10mV,R L =2k Ω,C L =100pF1MHz φm Phase Margin60degL M 321 2Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified,all limits guaranteed for at TA=25˚C;V+=5V,V−= 0V,V O=1.4V.Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes.(Continued)Symbol Parameter Conditions Min(Note5)Typ(Note4)Max(Note5)UnitsTHD Total Harmonic Distortion f=1kHz,A V=20dBR L=2kΩ,V O=2V PP,C L=100pF,V+=30V0.015%e n Equivalent Input Noise Voltage f=1kHz,R S=100ΩV+=30V40nV/Typical Performance CharacteristicsUnless otherwise specified,V S =+5V,single supply,T A =25˚C.Small Signal Pulse ResponseLarge Signal Pulse Response2000760420007605Supply Current vs.Supply Voltage Sinking Current vs.Output Voltage2000761220007613Source Current vs.Output Voltage Open Loop Frequency Response2000761720007614L M 321 4Application HintsThe LM321op amp can operate with a single or dual power supply voltage,has true-differential inputs,and remain in the linear mode with an input common-mode voltage of0V DC. This amplifier operates over a wide range of power supply voltages,with little change in performance characteristics.At 25˚C amplifier operation is possible down to a minimum supply voltage of3V.Large differential input voltages can be easily accommo-dated and,as input differential voltage protection diodes are not needed,no large input currents result from large differ-ential input voltages.The differential input voltage may be larger than V+without damaging the device.Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than−0.3V DC(at25˚C).An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input terminal can be used.To reduce the power supply drain,the amplifier has a class A output stage for small signal levels which converts to class B in a large signal mode.This allows the amplifiers to both source and sink large output currents.Therefore both NPN and PNP external current boost transistors can be used to extend the power capability of the basic amplifiers.The output voltage needs to raise approximately1diode drop above ground to bias the on-chip vertical PNP transistor for output current sinking applications.For AC applications,where the load is capacitively coupled to the output of the amplifier,a resistor should be used,from the output of the amplifier to ground to increase the class A bias current and to reduce distortion.Capacitive loads which are applied directly to the output of the amplifier reduce the loop stability margin.Values of50pF can be accommodated using the worst-case non-inverting unity gain rge closed loop gains or resistive isolation should be used if large load capacitance must be driven by the amplifier.The bias network of the LM321establishes a supply current which is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage over the range of from3V DC to30V DC.Output short circuits either to ground or to the positive power supply should be of short time duration.Units can be de-stroyed,not as a result of the short circuit current causing metal fusing,but rather due to the large increase in IC chip dissipation which will cause eventual failure due to exces-sive junction temperatures.The larger value of output source current which is available at25˚C provides a larger output current capability at elevated temperatures than a standard IC op amp.The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available,all of the standard op amp circuits can be used.In general,introduc-ing a pseudo-ground(a bias voltage reference of V+/2)will allow operation above and below this value in single power supply systems.Many application circuits are shown which take advantage of the wide input common-mode voltage range which includes ground.In most cases,input biasing is not required and input voltages which range to ground can easily be accommodated.Typical ApplicationsNon-Inverting DC Gain(0V Input=0V Output)20007606LM3215Typical Applications(Continued)Amplitude Modulator CircuitDC Summing Amplifier (V IN’s ≥0V DC and V O ≥V DC )2000760220007607Where:V 0=V 1+V 2-V 3-V 4,(V 1+V 2)≥(V 3+V 4)to keep V O >0V DCPower Amplifier LED Driver20007608V 0=0V DC for V IN =0V DC ,A V =1020007609Fixed Current Sources Lamp Driver2000761020007611L M 321 6SOT23-5Tape and Reel SpecificationTAPE DIMENSIONS200076158mm0.130(3.3)0.124(3.15)0.130(3.3)0.126(3.2)0.138±0.002(3.5±0.05)0.055±0.004(1.4±0.11)0.157(4)0.315±0.012(8±0.3)Tape Size DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1DIM WLM3217SOT23-5Tape and Reel Specification(Continued)REEL DIMENSIONS200076168mm 7.00330.000.0591.500.51213.000.79520.20 2.16555.000.331+0.059/−0.0008.40+1.50/−0.000.56714.40W1+0.078/−0.039W1+2.00/−1.00Tape SizeABCDNW1W2W3L M 321 8Physical Dimensionsinches (millimeters)unless otherwise noted5-Pin SOT23NS Package Number MF05ALIFE SUPPORT POLICYNATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION.As used herein:1.Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which,(a)are intended for surgical implant into the body,or (b)support or sustain life,and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling,can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.2.A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system,or to affect its safety or effectiveness.National Semiconductor Corporation AmericasTel:1-800-272-9959Fax:1-800-737-7018Email:support@National Semiconductor EuropeFax:+49(0)180-5308586Email:europe.support@Deutsch Tel:+49(0)6995086208English Tel:+44(0)8702402171Français Tel:+33(0)141918790National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel:65-2544466Fax:65-2504466Email:ap.support@National Semiconductor Japan Ltd.Tel:81-3-5639-7560Fax:81-3-5639-7507LM321Low Power Single Op AmpNational does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described,no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.。

美国国家半导体公司LM723/LM723C电压调节器概述LM723/LM723C是一种电压调节器，起初设计是为了串联电压调节器的应用。

本身，它将输出电流为150mA；但外部晶体管可以被添加到提供所需的任何负载电流。

该电路具有非常低的待机漏电流，并提供了无论是直线或折返电流限制。

该LM723/LM723C也是有用的范围广泛的其他应用，如分流调节器，电流调节器、温度控制器。

LM723C与LM723是相同的，它们的差别在于LM723的温度范围是-55~+125℃，而LM723C 是0~+70℃。

特性1，无需外部晶体管就能输出150mA的电流。

2，输出电流超过10A可以通过外接晶体管来获得。

3，最大输入电压为40V。

4，输出电压可在2~37V调节。

5，可以被用来作为线性或开关型稳压器来使用。

连接图等效电路**是指金属罐封装典型应用图1：为低电压调节器（Vout=2~7V）最低温度漂移。

典型值输出电压调节5V线性调节（△VIN=3V）0.5mV负载调节（△IL=50mA） 1.5mV绝对最大额定值（注1）如果用于军事/航空设备，请联系国家半导体销售办事处/分销商，购买可用规格。

（十条）从V+~V-(50ms)脉冲电压50V从V+~V-连续电压40V输入输出电压差40V最大放大器的输入电压（输入）8.5V最大输入电压（Differential微分）5VVz的电流25mAVref的电流15mA金属管型封装的内部功耗（注2）800mWCavity DIP(注2)900mWMolded DIP（注2）600mW工作温度范围：LM723-55~+150℃LM723C0~+70℃保存温度范围金属罐封装：-65~+150℃Molded DIP-55~+150℃引线温度（焊接，4秒。

最大。

）密封封装300℃塑料封装260℃静电耐压1200V（人体模型在100pF电容和1.5kΩ电阻）电气特性（注3）（注10）参量条件LM723LM723单位Min Typ Max Min Typ Max线路调节VIN=12V to VIN=15V-55℃≤TA≤+125℃0℃≤TA≤+70℃VIN=12V to VIN=40V 0.010.020.10.30.20.010.10.10.30.5%Vout%Vout%Vout%Vout负载调节IL=1mA to IL=50mA−55°C≤TA≤+125°C0°C≤TA≤+70°C 0.030.150.60.030.20.6%Vout%Vout%Vout纹波抑制f=50Hz to10kHzCref=0f=50Hz to10kHz,Cref=5μF 74867486dBdB平均温度系数下的输出电压（注8）−55°C≤TA≤+125°C0°C≤TA≤+70°C0.0020.0150.0030.015%/℃%/℃短路电流限制Rsc=10Ω,Vout=06565mA 参考电压 6.957.157.35 6.807.157.50V输出噪声电压BW=100~10kHZ,Cref=0BW=100~10KHz,Cref=5uf862.5862.5uVrmsuVrms长期稳定性0.050.05%/1000hrs 待机漏电流I L=0,V IN=30V 1.7 3.5 1.7 4.0mA输入电压范围9.5409.540V输出电压范围2.037 2.037V输入输出电压差3.038 3.038VθJA Molded DIP105℃/WθJA Cavity DIP150℃/WθJA H10C板安装在静态空气中165165℃/WθJA H10C板安装在400个低频/最小空气流量6666℃/WθJC2222℃/W注1：“绝对最大额定值”表明，超过这个限度损坏设备可能发生。