Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to(2)
- 格式：doc
- 大小：49.50 KB
- 文档页数：7
下载文档原格式
合集下载
英语新课标九年级课文翻译Unit9-14
英语新课标九年级课文翻译Unit9-14Unit9 I like music that I can dance to.SectionA 2d吉尔:斯科特,周末你打算干什么呢?斯科特:没什么事,我估计就是听听我新买的激光唱片吧.吉尔:哦?是什么激光唱片?斯科特:嗯,全是音乐的,没有歌曲。
我喜欢听舒缓的音乐来放松自己,尤其是在工作了漫长的一周以后。
吉尔:听起来不错啊。
嗯,如果你有空,愿意和我一起去看部电影吗?(电影的)导演很有名。
斯科特:嗯,那要看什么电影。
我只喜欢有趣的电影,我只想笑一笑不想费脑筋,你懂我的意思吧?吉尔:哦,那样的话,我还是去邀请喜欢看严肃电影的人吧.斯科特:(你说的)电影是关于什么的?吉尔:是关于第二次世界大战的。
我喜欢能让我思考的电影。
section A, 3a今天你想看什么(电影)呢?虽然一些人坚持只看一种电影,但是我喜欢看不同种类的电影,(具体)由当时盼心情决定。
当我情绪低落或感到疲惫的时候,我更喜欢能让我开心的影片。
比如,像《黑衣人》那样的喜剧片或像《功夫熊猫》这类的动画片,通常都有滑稽的对话和一个愉快的结局。
影片中的人物不一定完美,但是他们都会尽力去解决问题,看了这样的电影,我所面对的许多问题突然间会显得不那么严重,我也会感觉好多了。
两个小时的欢笑是一种很好的放松方式。
当我伤心或劳累的时候,我不看剧情片或纪录片。
像《泰坦尼克号》这样的剧情片只会让我更伤心。
像《帝企鹅日记》这样的纪录片,(通常)会针对某个特定话题提供丰富的信息,(内容)也很有趣,但是当我累的时候,我不想思考太多。
当我太累不想思考时,我不介意看像《蜘蛛侠》这样的动作电影。
我只想屏蔽我的大脑,坐在那里观看一个令人兴奋的超级英雄,他总是能在关键时刻挽救世界。
偶尔我会喜欢看恐怖片。
虽然它们很有意思,但是我会因为太害怕而不敢独自一人看,我总会带上一位不怕这些类型的电影的朋友(一起看),这样就觉得没那么可怕了。
Secton B 2b凄美昨晚我的一个中国朋友带我去听了一场中国民间音乐会。
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.单元重要知识点
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.单元重要知识点9单元重要知识点1. try one's best 尽力2. make money 挣钱3. get married 结婚4.cheer up(使)高兴起来5. look up 查阅6.shut off关闭;停止运转7. stick to 坚持;固守8. dance to 随着……跳舞9. sing along with 跟随……唱10.touch the hearts of触及……的心灵11. feel like doing sth.想要做某事12. prefer to do sth.宁愿/更乐意做某事13. electronic music 电子音乐14. smooth music 悦耳的音乐15. in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话16. think about 思考;考虑17. depend on 取决于18. cheer up 使振奋19.not much 没什么（事）20.have spare time 有空闲时间21. have a happy ending 有一个圆满的结局22.continue doing/to do sth.继续做某事23.teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事24.plenty of大量;充足25.once in a while 偶尔地;间或26.in total总共;合计27.in time 及时28.be down 悲哀，沮丧29.less serious 不那么严重30.shut off 关闭31.on time 按时/准时32.once in a while 偶尔的，有时33.by age 17 到17岁的时候34.by the end of… 到…末为止35.at the end of… 到…末为止36.It’s a pity that… … 遗憾的是…37.in total 总共38.praise …for… 因为…赞美39. during one's lifetime 在某人的一生中40.. by the end of到……末为止41. Chinese folk music 中国民间音乐42.continue to do sth. 继续做某事43.take sb to somewhere.带某人去某地44.bring sth to somewhere 带某物来某地45.written by sb. 由/ 被…写的46.a good way to do sth 做某事的好办法47.be supposed to do 应该做某事48.stick to doing sth坚持做某事49.provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物50.be afraid to do sth / be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事51.get married /be married to sb 结婚52.China's national treasures中国民族瑰宝53.painful experiences 痛苦的经历54.make sb do sth 让某人做某事55.be praised by… 被…赞美。
人教版英语九年级全册Unit9IlikemusicthatIcandanceto大单元教学设计
3.听力练习：要求学生听懂并朗读课文中的对话和歌曲，提高他们的听力理解和口语表达能力。可以让学生在家里利用电脑或手机等设备进行听力练习。
4.小组作业：要求学生以小组为单位，选择一种音乐类型，进行研究和讨论。学生可以通过查阅资料、观看相关视频等方式，了解该音乐类型的文化背景和特点，并准备进行课音乐类别的词汇和表达方式的学习与掌握，如“rock music”，“jazz”，“pop music”，“country music”，“classical music”等。
2.核心句型“I like music that I can dance to.”的运用，能够用该句型表达自己的音乐喜好。
在布置作业时，我会注意作业的难易程度，并根据学生的个体差异给予不同学生有针对性的作业建议。同时，我会鼓励学生积极参与作业完成，发挥他们的自主学习能力。最后，我会在下一节课前对学生的作业进行批改和反馈，及时了解学生对知识的掌握情况，为后续教学提供参考。
同时，学生在音乐方面的兴趣和喜好也存在差异，有的学生可能喜欢摇滚音乐，而有的学生可能更喜欢古典音乐。在教学过程中，我要充分尊重学生的个性，鼓励他们表达自己的音乐喜好，并根据学生的兴趣进行教学设计和调整。
此外，学生在团队合作和口语表达方面还存在一定的提升空间。因此，在教学过程中，我将设计各种任务型活动和口语任务，让学生在实际操作中提高团队协作精神和口语表达能力。同时，我还会运用多媒体教学手段，如播放各种音乐类型的歌曲，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高他们对英语语言的感知能力。
6.最后，我会定期进行教学评估，了解学生对知识的掌握情况，及时调整教学策略，确保教学目标的实现。
四、教学内容与过程
（一）导入新课
在导入新课时，我会利用多媒体教学手段，播放一段音乐视频，如摇滚乐、爵士乐、流行音乐等，让学生在欣赏音乐的同时，引发他们对不同音乐类型的思考。然后，我会向学生提问：“你们喜欢什么类型的音乐？为什么喜欢它？”让学生分享自己的音乐喜好，从而引出本节课的主题——音乐喜好。
4.小组作业：要求学生以小组为单位，选择一种音乐类型，进行研究和讨论。学生可以通过查阅资料、观看相关视频等方式，了解该音乐类型的文化背景和特点，并准备进行课音乐类别的词汇和表达方式的学习与掌握，如“rock music”，“jazz”，“pop music”，“country music”，“classical music”等。
2.核心句型“I like music that I can dance to.”的运用，能够用该句型表达自己的音乐喜好。
在布置作业时，我会注意作业的难易程度，并根据学生的个体差异给予不同学生有针对性的作业建议。同时，我会鼓励学生积极参与作业完成，发挥他们的自主学习能力。最后，我会在下一节课前对学生的作业进行批改和反馈，及时了解学生对知识的掌握情况，为后续教学提供参考。
同时，学生在音乐方面的兴趣和喜好也存在差异，有的学生可能喜欢摇滚音乐，而有的学生可能更喜欢古典音乐。在教学过程中，我要充分尊重学生的个性，鼓励他们表达自己的音乐喜好，并根据学生的兴趣进行教学设计和调整。
此外，学生在团队合作和口语表达方面还存在一定的提升空间。因此，在教学过程中，我将设计各种任务型活动和口语任务，让学生在实际操作中提高团队协作精神和口语表达能力。同时，我还会运用多媒体教学手段，如播放各种音乐类型的歌曲，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高他们对英语语言的感知能力。
6.最后，我会定期进行教学评估，了解学生对知识的掌握情况，及时调整教学策略，确保教学目标的实现。
四、教学内容与过程
（一）导入新课
在导入新课时，我会利用多媒体教学手段，播放一段音乐视频，如摇滚乐、爵士乐、流行音乐等，让学生在欣赏音乐的同时，引发他们对不同音乐类型的思考。然后，我会向学生提问：“你们喜欢什么类型的音乐？为什么喜欢它？”让学生分享自己的音乐喜好，从而引出本节课的主题——音乐喜好。
Unit9 I like music that I can dance to课件 人教版英语九年级全
WWhhaattkdinodyouf mthuinsikc oisf iitt ?? folk music
I love it . It has great lyrics.
I love music that has great lyrics.
n./ ˈlɪrɪks /
Unit 9 Section A 1a~2d
Guessing game
What kdiondyoouf tmhuinskicoifs iitt ?? rock music
I prefer it . It is loud and energetic . I love music that is loud and energetic.
Unit 9 Section A 1a~2d What kind of music do you like?
Guessing game
What dkiondyoouf tmhuinskicoifs iitt ?? jazz
I like it . I can dance to it. I like music that I can dance to.
Unit 9 Section A 1a~2d
Guessing game
Unit 9 Section A 1a~2d
Pre-listening
1a Look at the picture and circle the sentences you agree with.
Click to learn more!
I prefer music that has great lyrics.① I love music that I can sing along with. I like music that isn’t too loud. I like music that I can dance to.
Unit_9_I_like_music_that_I_can_dance_to.
Unit 9
随之舞蹈
I like music (that I can dance to)
Section A (1a-2c)
情境引入
Do you like music?
How many kinds of music do you know?
情境引入
pop music 流行音乐
情境引入
jazz music 爵士音乐
classical music 古典音乐
情境引入
rock music
摇滚音乐
dance music 舞蹈音乐
情境引入
I like music (that I can dance to）.
我喜欢（随着跳舞）的音乐。
情境引入
I love music (that I can sing along with).
T
F
2b
Listen and complete the sentences.
Carmen says
1. I really love Dan Dervish. I like musicians who play different kinds of music ___________________________________. 2. The Modern are really great. I love electronic that's loud music __________________.
A: What kind of music do you like? B: I like music that… What about you? A: I prefer music that…
that I can sing along with. that is quiet and slow. that is loud. that is sweet.
随之舞蹈
I like music (that I can dance to)
Section A (1a-2c)
情境引入
Do you like music?
How many kinds of music do you know?
情境引入
pop music 流行音乐
情境引入
jazz music 爵士音乐
classical music 古典音乐
情境引入
rock music
摇滚音乐
dance music 舞蹈音乐
情境引入
I like music (that I can dance to）.
我喜欢（随着跳舞）的音乐。
情境引入
I love music (that I can sing along with).
T
F
2b
Listen and complete the sentences.
Carmen says
1. I really love Dan Dervish. I like musicians who play different kinds of music ___________________________________. 2. The Modern are really great. I love electronic that's loud music __________________.
A: What kind of music do you like? B: I like music that… What about you? A: I prefer music that…
that I can sing along with. that is quiet and slow. that is loud. that is sweet.
人教版英语九年级Unit9《IlikemusicthatIcandanceto》全单元说课稿
人教版英语九年级Unit 9《I like music that I can dance to》全单元说课稿一. 教材分析人教版英语九年级Unit 9的主题是“I like music that I can dance to”，本节课的主要内容是描述不同类型的音乐以及人们对音乐的喜好。
通过本节课的学习，学生能够掌握相关词汇和句型，运用所学知识进行简单的交流和表达。
教材内容丰富，贴近生活，能够激发学生的学习兴趣。
二. 学情分析九年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，能够听懂并运用简单的英语进行交流。
但是，对于一些描述音乐类型的词汇和表达方式可能还不够熟悉。
因此，在教学过程中，需要关注学生的个体差异，针对不同水平的学生给予适当的引导和帮助。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握描述音乐类型的词汇和句型，如rock, pop,jazz, hip-hop等，以及表达喜好的句型“I like music that…”。
2.能力目标：学生能够在日常生活中运用所学知识进行简单的交流，如询问他人喜欢的音乐类型并给出自己的看法。
3.情感目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够培养对不同类型音乐的兴趣和包容性，提高对英语学习的热情。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点：描述音乐类型的词汇和句型。
2.难点：运用所学知识进行实际交流，尤其是如何表达自己的喜好。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.交际法：通过模拟真实场景，让学生在实际交流中运用所学知识。
2.任务型教学法：通过完成各种任务，激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学生的参与度。
3.多媒体教学：利用课件、音频、视频等资源，丰富教学手段，提高课堂效果。
六. 说教学过程1.导入：播放一段音乐，让学生猜测这是哪种类型的音乐。
通过这种方式激发学生的兴趣，引出本节课的主题。
2.新课呈现：通过课件展示不同类型的音乐，如rock, pop, jazz, hip-hop等，同时呈现相应的词汇和句型。
3.操练环节：让学生分组，互相练习使用所学词汇和句型进行交流，教师巡回指导。
人教版九年级英语《Unit 9I like music that I can dance to. 》
人教版九年级英语《Unit 9I like music that I can dance to. 》说课稿1一. 教材分析人教版九年级英语《Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.》是本单元的第一课时，主要介绍关于音乐的不同类型以及人们对于不同类型音乐的喜好。
通过本节课的学习，学生能够掌握关于音乐类型的词汇，如rock, pop, jazz, classical等，同时能够运用目标句型“I like…”来表达自己对音乐的喜好。
本节课的主要句型结构为“I like music that I can dance to.”，旨在让学生能够运用该句型来描述自己对音乐的选择。
二. 学情分析九年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，对于日常生活中的基本词汇和句型已经有了一定的掌握。
但是，对于一些关于音乐类型的专业词汇，他们可能较为陌生。
此外，对于句型“I like music that I can dance to.”的运用，他们可能还需要一定的引导和练习。
因此，在教学过程中，我们需要注重词汇的讲解和句型的操练。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握关于音乐类型的词汇，如rock, pop, jazz,classical等；学生能够运用目标句型“I like…”来表达自己对音乐的喜好。
2.能力目标：学生能够运用句型“I like music that I can dance to.”来描述自己对音乐的选择。
3.情感目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够培养对音乐的热爱和欣赏能力。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点：掌握关于音乐类型的词汇，如rock, pop, jazz, classical等；运用目标句型“I like…”来表达自己对音乐的喜好。
2.难点：运用句型“I like music that I can dance to.”来描述自己对音乐的选择。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.教学方法：采用任务型教学法，让学生在实践中学习，提高他们的语言运用能力。
《I like music that I can dance to》PPT课件(第1课时)
erhu: Moon Reflected on Second Spring (二泉映月) Horse Racing（赛马）
guzheng: High Mountain and Floating Water (高山流水) Chinese flute: Purple Bamboo Melody (紫竹调)
2c. Read again and list the supporting details.
Para. 1 I was moved by Erquan Yingyue. surprisingly
• The music was strangely beautiful. felt
• I sensed a strong sadness and pain.
• It was one of the most moving pieces of music.
• The erhu sounded so sad that I almoopsitnciroineds along with
it as I listened.
2c. Read again and list the supporting details.
2. It is sometimes implied rather than explicitly stated.
Para.1 I was
by a piece of music named Erquan Yingyue.
Last night one of my Chinese friends took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece which was played on the erhu especially moved me. The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.
guzheng: High Mountain and Floating Water (高山流水) Chinese flute: Purple Bamboo Melody (紫竹调)
2c. Read again and list the supporting details.
Para. 1 I was moved by Erquan Yingyue. surprisingly
• The music was strangely beautiful. felt
• I sensed a strong sadness and pain.
• It was one of the most moving pieces of music.
• The erhu sounded so sad that I almoopsitnciroineds along with
it as I listened.
2c. Read again and list the supporting details.
2. It is sometimes implied rather than explicitly stated.
Para.1 I was
by a piece of music named Erquan Yingyue.
Last night one of my Chinese friends took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece which was played on the erhu especially moved me. The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.
Unit9.I_like_music_that_I_can_dance_to
I can sing along with. is quiet and gentle. is loud and energetic. is sweet.
reminds me of my childhood.
I can dance to. has great lyrics. makes me excited. is comfortable to hear. …
Ⅱ. 单项选择 1. —Can you dance______ the music? —Yes, I can. It’s easy. A. with ______it. —That sounds good. A. to B. with C. for D. on B. in C. at D. to 2. —How wonderful the music is! Let’s try to sing along
• • • •
• • •
• (5)Is that the student ______ the teacher is talking about? • A when B which C where D who • (6)—What kind of stories do you like? • ----I prefer stories ________ have happy endings. • A who B that C whose D where • (7) The girl ______ you saw in the street is Mary. • A which B what C whose D who • (8)Kevin is reading a book __________is too difficult for him. • A whose B that C who D whom
reminds me of my childhood.
I can dance to. has great lyrics. makes me excited. is comfortable to hear. …
Ⅱ. 单项选择 1. —Can you dance______ the music? —Yes, I can. It’s easy. A. with ______it. —That sounds good. A. to B. with C. for D. on B. in C. at D. to 2. —How wonderful the music is! Let’s try to sing along
• • • •
• • •
• (5)Is that the student ______ the teacher is talking about? • A when B which C where D who • (6)—What kind of stories do you like? • ----I prefer stories ________ have happy endings. • A who B that C whose D where • (7) The girl ______ you saw in the street is Mary. • A which B what C whose D who • (8)Kevin is reading a book __________is too difficult for him. • A whose B that C who D whom
Unit9IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.SectionB1a-1d课件人教版英
3
Abing’s musical skills made him
very _p_o_pu_lar______.
2d Circle that or who and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
pain wounds sense pity praise
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words .
died blind
national treasures 17 600
2e
Use the information about Abing and his
in the passage music
book movie
He likes writers _______________________ He likes movies ________________________
1c Listen again. Match these sentence parts.
__c__ 1. You’re not a. stick your chopsticks
The writer feels it is sad but beautiful.
2c
Paragraph
Main idea
1
I was _m_ov_ed____ by a piece of
music named Erquan Yingyue.
2
Abing lived a very _ha_rd____ life.
Abing played music (that/who) could touch the hearts of people. When we listen to his music, we can __s_e_n_se_ both the beauty and the sadness in it. It makes us think about the _____ paanidn______w_ounds (that/who) we have experienced in the past. For this reason, many people p_r_a_is_e_ him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music. So it is really a __p_i_ty__ that not many pieces of his music were recorded.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.Section A 1 (1a-2d)一、教学目标：1. 语言知识目标：1) 能掌握以下单词及短语：prefer, lyrics, Australian, electronic, suppose, smooth, spare, director, case, in the case, war2）掌握I like /love/prefer music that…表达喜欢的音乐。
3）掌握I like music that I can dance to. /I like musicians who play different kinds of music. 句型的用法。
3) 学习关系代词that/who引导的定语从句。
2. 情感态度价值观目标：1. 使学生学会谈论自己的喜好。
2. 通过表达个人喜好，提高学生欣赏美的水平。
3. 激发学生的学习兴趣和学习热情。
二、教学重难点1. 教学重点：1）prefer, different kinds of sing along with的用法。
2）句型：I like music that I can dance to.I like musicians who play different kinds of music.2. 教学难点：学习关系代词that/who引导的定语从句。
三、教学过程Ⅰ. Warming up师生问候。
Ⅱ. Lead-inSay What kind of books do you like? I like interesting books. I like books that are interesting. W rite…that are interesting on the blackboard. Point to it and ask who can make another sentence with it. Write another phrase on the blackboard, …that is comfortable to …. Help the students to make sentences with it.Ⅲ. Presentation1. 教师播放学生较熟悉的带有歌词或歌手的图片的流行歌曲，激发学生的学习兴趣，同事师生对话，引出本单元的内容学习，为完成1a做铺垫。
T: Do you like music/…?S: Yes, I do.T: What kind of music /… do you like?S: I like…T: Which singer do you like?S: I like…2. Play the tapes of different kinds of music for the students, only a short piece of each tape. Say, I like music that makes me relaxed. Write these four groups of words on the blackboard,…that has great lyrics,…that I can sing along with,…that isn’t too loud, …that I can dance to. Tell the students lyrics means the words of the songs. Ask the students, What kind of music do you like?Say, You can answer with I like music…, I love music…, I prefer music… Explain prefer=like…better to them. Get one of the children to answer the question, then let this child ask the one next to him/her the same question. Set off a chain drill. Explain that I like music that isn’t means that I don’t like too loud music.3. Show students some different kinds of pictures of movies and ask students to discuss what kind of movies they like in pairs.4. Discussion: 1a.让学生在小组内交流讨论自己的喜好，教师适时总结并完成对新词的学习，然后对单词进行强化训练，让学生交流对一些歌曲的看法，写下句子并引出本节课的重点句型。
I prefer music that has great lyrics.I love music that I can sing along with.I like music that I can dance to.通过对这些句子的学习，引导学生归纳比较引导的定语从句及其结构特点，教师进行精讲点拨，培养他们的观察能力，为下一步的听力打好基础。
Ⅳ. ListeningListen to 1b and check the kinds of music Tony and Betty like.让学生看图表，明确表格中有谁，分别喜欢什么类型的音乐，完成相对应的选择。
Ⅴ. Pair workFinish 1c. Make a conversation between you and your partner about the music that you like.A: What kind of music do you like?B: I like music that I can sing along with. What about you?A: I prefer music that has great lyrics.VI. Listening1. Listen to the tape for the first time and finish 2a.1. Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music. T F2. Xu Fei likes the Australian singer Dan Dervish. T F3. Carmen likes electronic music that’s loud. T F4. Xu Fei prefers groups that play quiet and slow songs.T F2. Listen to the tape for the second time and finish 2b.通过听力训练，进一步熟悉练习that/who 引导的定语从句。
VII. Practice1. Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.A: Does Xu Fei like The Modern?B: No, he doesn’t. He prefers…2. Ask a few pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.VIII. Reading.1. Read the conversation and answer the questions.1. What kind of music does Scott like? Why?2. Does Scott like serious movies?3. What kind of movies does Jill want to see?2. Role-play the conversation in 2d.1.I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought.2.I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought.3.I like smooth music that helps me relax after a long week at work.4.I only like movies that are funny.5.In this case, I’ll ask someone who likes serious movies.6.I prefer movies that give me something to think about.IX. Language points1. Hmm, depends which movie.1) 本句省略了depends前的主语it和which movie后的从句部分we’ll watch，这是典型的口语表达形式。
在口语和非正式场合，为保持语言简洁明了，交流者往往会省略彼此所知或逻辑上可明确推断的内容。
例如：Anything I can do for you?我能为您做些什么吗？（省略句首部分Is there）Please hand me one of those b ooks; I don’t care which.请把那些书递给我一本，不管哪本都行。
（省略句尾部分you hand me）2) It depends (on) who/ what/ how/ whether…是一个常见句型。
当depend后接疑问词及含有疑问词的短语和从句时，口语中会省略depend后的介词on，以求话语简练。
例如：It depends what day you catch me, and at what time of day.这取决于你哪天见我，以及见我的时间。
Well, as for this matter, I can’t decide for now. Depends whether or not your dad will say yes.嗯，这件事我现在决定不了，取决于你老爸是否会同意。
2. I just want to laugh and not think too much.这句话中的to laugh和not think too much均为动词不定式，但后者在not和think 之间省略了to。