短语、同义词短语复习
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现代汉语语法知识讲义--短语(高三年级复习)第四节短语短语在汉语语汇里也是一个大家族,它上接词语,下连句子,最能体现汉语语法规律。
大多数短语加上语气后可以成为句子,因此对短语结构进行分析,有助于句子结构的熟练把握。
划分句子成份能力较差的同学一定要注意这一节知识的学习。
一、短语的概念短语,也叫词组,是由词语与词语组合而成的、能够独立运用语言单位。
由此可与看出短语的特征:一是由词语与词语组成,二是能够独立运用。
要注意的是,短语与词语和句子有相像之处。
像词语,是说有些短语具有词语的语法功能;像句子,是说短语只是书面上没有标点,口语中没有语气。
比如“多么迷人的九寨沟”这是短语,可口语里加上语气,书面上加上标点,就是一句话--“多么迷人的九寨沟洼!”二、短语的类型短语的分类,可以用词性和结构来考察。
为什么从这两个方面来考察呢?因为从这两个方面来考察有其内在合理性,短语由词语和词语构成,它必然就带有词语的特点,有些短语就相当于一个词语(并不是说它就是词语!),语法功能跟词语相同。
至于结构,就不用多说,任何语言都有其意义和结构,汉语中的短语也不例外。
(一)短语的词性分类短语按照词性来考察,可以分为三种:名词短语、动词短语和形容词短语。
1、名词短语名词短语是以名词为主体构成的,具有名词的特征和语法功能,一般在句子中作主语和宾语。
主要有三种情况:①名词和名词直接构成,或者名词与连词结合组成,有并列关系和偏正关系两种短语,可以简单地表示为:n.+ n./n.+ link. + n.,例如:三贤故里景贤书院下吉中学书法艺术荷塘月色历史人物人物春秋法与情法与理灵与肉胡同文化历史文化富裕与贫困丰富与贫乏②名词与代词(常常还有数量词)构成,代词置于前面复指后面的名词,是一种偏正关系的短语,简单表示为:pron./aum.+ n.,例如:这个人这种事那个人那种事什么人哪个人此种情况这位委员一江春水三千里三头六臂四库全书五湖四海八月桂花一碗阳春面七根火柴③名词与形容词组成,有时候借助助词“的”,形容词在前,对名词起修饰、限制的作用,也是一种偏正关系的短语,可以简单的表示为:adj.+ n./adj.+ 的 + n.,例如:艰难时世困难时期金色年华美好的岁月光荣的使命悠久的历史弯弯的月亮绯红的黎明永恒的丰碑曲曲折折的荷塘孜孜不倦的努力④动词或者动词短语与名词构成,也是偏正关系。
英语同义词大全200个participate in – take part in – join in 参加explore – probe – investigate – research into 调查,研究end – cease - close – finish- stop – terminate 结束,停止involve – include 包括,涉及到cure –treat – remedy(B级)治疗dispute – argue – debate 争论apparent – obvious – evident - clear 明显的happen – occur – take place – break out 发生appear – seem – look 看起来eventually –finally –at last –in the end –ultimately 最终That dog looks/seems/appears dangerous.那distinguish – tell – discriminate 区分,分辨只狗看起来很危险。
separate – divide分开prevent...from.../keep...from...防止.../阻止... break是高频动词,与其相关的短语结构是常见encourage – urge – inspire – spur 激励考察点:mildly – gently 温和地break away (from) 逃走;逃脱mildly – slightly – a little - somewhat稍微地break down(机器)损坏hardly – rarely – scarcely - seldom 几乎不break into 闯入faintly – dimly 微弱地break out 突然发生amusing – funny – interesting 有趣的break up分裂,结束sufficiently – adequately - enough 充分地break into pieces 成为碎片deliberately– intentionally – on purpose 故意break record 打破纪录重要句型(句型):地itmodify – adjust – alter – change 改变It takes/took sb./sth. time/ money to do sth. 某人/某物花了时间/金钱做…noticeable – remarkable – unusual – striking – extraordinary 值得注意的,非同寻常的It takes me an hour to go to school (上学) bypurchase – buy 购买bus(公共汽车). 我乘公共汽车去学校要花一个lost – missing – absent 失去的,不见的小时的时间。
短语总结归纳初中语文知识点初中语文知识点总结归纳语文作为一门重要的学科,对于初中生来说,起着至关重要的作用。
掌握好语文知识点,不仅可以提高阅读理解能力,还可以拓宽知识面,培养思维能力。
本文将对初中语文知识点进行总结归纳,帮助同学们更好地掌握相关知识。
一、词语辨析1. 同音异义词:指发音相同,但意思不同的词语。
如:红(hóng)色、洪(hóng)水。
2. 同音同义词:指发音相同,意思相同或接近的词语。
如:捉(zhuō)迷藏、藏(cáng)匿。
3. 近义词:指意思相近或接近的词语。
如:美丽、漂亮、秀丽。
4. 反义词:指意思相反的词语。
如:高、低;懂、不懂。
二、句子成分1. 主语:句子中执行动作或者是动作作用的对象。
如:小明(主语)在读书。
2. 谓语:句子中描述主语动作情况的部分。
如:小明在(谓语)读书。
3. 宾语:句子中动作的承受者或者行为的对象。
如:小明在读(谓语)一本好书(宾语)。
4. 定语:修饰名词或代词的词语,一般位于名词或代词前面。
如:红色(定语)衣服。
三、修辞手法1. 比喻:用类似的事物来描写另一事物。
如:他是个太阳,照亮了我们的生活。
2. 拟人:将无生命的事物赋予人的特点和动作。
如:雨水在窗户上敲打着窗户。
3. 夸张:对事物的描述进行夸大处理。
如:他跑得飞快,快到风都来不及赶上。
4. 对比:通过对事物的对比来突出其特点。
如:黑夜中,星光明亮又清晰。
四、修辞手法在古诗词中的运用1. 赋予自然物以人的情感和特点。
如:床前明月光,疑是地上霜。
2. 运用比喻手法描绘景色和人物。
如:春江潮水连海平,海上明月共潮生。
3. 运用拟人手法描绘自然现象。
如:秋风起,白云飞,草木黄落,白露滋。
4. 运用夸张手法描绘景色和感受。
如:燕子楼空,江水东流。
五、常见的修辞格1. 比喻:用一个事物来暗示另一个事物。
2. 排比:通过词句的对比来表达感情或强调。
3. 反问:用问句来表达肯定或否定的意思。
高中英语必背知识点总结归纳高中英语是学生备考重点科目之一,掌握必背知识点是取得好成绩的关键。
本文将对高中英语必背知识点进行总结归纳,帮助学生更好地复习和备考。
一、词汇与短语1. 动词时态与语态:包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时等。
2. 重要动词短语:如give up, look forward to, take place, be fond of等。
3. 同义词与反义词:学习同义词与反义词的用法和辨析,有效提升词汇量。
二、语法知识点1. 五种句子基本结构:声明句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和条件句。
2. 名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
3. 宾语从句的种类与用法:包括宾语从句、宾语补足语和宾语语气等。
4. 各类状语从句:时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句等。
5. 并列连词与复合句:常用的并列连词有and, but, or, so等。
6. 特殊句型:倒装句、强调句、感叹句等。
三、阅读理解技巧1. 找出主题句与支持细节:通读全文,抓住文章的主题句与重要支持细节,帮助理解文章主旨。
2. 推理与判断:通过上下文推理出词义、句义或作者意图,提高阅读理解能力。
3. 理解文体与修辞手法:了解不同文体的特点以及修辞手法的使用,帮助正确解答问题。
4. 阅读速度与细节把握:培养快速阅读的技巧,同时注意细节把握,避免漏读或误读。
四、写作技巧与范文模板1. 书信写作:包括个人信函、申请信、投诉信等。
应掌握书信的格式、礼貌用语和写作技巧。
2. 短文写作:常见的短文类型包括记叙文、说明文、议论文等。
理解各种短文写作要求,掌握范文模板和写作技巧。
3. 写作注意事项:书写清晰、逻辑清楚、用词准确、语法正确。
注意段落结构、句子多样性和过渡词的使用。
五、口语交际技巧1. 日常交际用语:包括问候、感谢、道歉、邀请等基本交际用语。
2. 语音语调和语速:正确发音、抑扬顿挫和语速适中,提高口语表达的流利度。
中考语文短语类型复习专题【复习点拨】1.分出主谓短语等结构4.多义短语(歧义短语)只有一个意义的短语叫单义短语,不止一个意义的短语叫多义短语。
形成多义结构的主要原因是语言结构有限而意义无穷,用有限的结构表达无穷的意义不能不产生一个语言结构表达例如:【热身训练】1.“九月十日教师节”属于________短语,“民族崛起”属于________短语,“民族的崛起”属于________短语,“崛起与衰落”属于________短语。
2.(单选题)下列短语结构不属于状中结构的是( )。
A.新买的夹克B.认真考虑C.上午来了D.从头到尾看3.(单选题)下列短语与“今天星期五”结构相同的一句是( )。
A.快上学去吧B.迷人的秋色C.等了漫长的二十年D.井冈山有五百里林海4.(单选题)“彻底地解决”是( )。
A.中补短语B.动宾短语C.偏正短语D.并列短语5.(单选题)下列选项中,短语归类有误的一项是( )。
A.偏正短语: 刚回来、胖师傅、人民教师、我的书包B.主谓短语: 他来了、心情好、猴子捞月、心情愉快C.中补短语: 咬一口、吃三碗、跑得很快、热闹极了D.动宾短语: 爱人民、和稀泥、敬畏自然、关心集体【巩固提高】一、指出下列短语的结构类型。
打扫教室( ) 保持微笑( ) 十分漂亮( ) 十吨水泥( )白云飘飘( ) 踢了一脚( ) 干得漂亮( ) 非常壮观( )嫦娥奔月( ) 桃红柳绿( ) 调查研究( ) 城门失火( )我的手机( ) 身体健康( ) 讲述明白( ) 大声地说( )幸福美满( ) 按照习惯( ) 笔墨纸砚( ) 擦得干净( )瞥了一眼( ) 报纸杂志( ) 祖国万岁( ) 精力充沛( )在休息室里( ) 牢牢地吊着( ) 浅浅的月光( ) 下决心( )挽救失足青年( )机灵得很( )这样那样( ) 油盐酱醋( )关于他( ) 默默沉思( ) 绷得像调紧的弦( ) 知识的海洋( )二、单选题。
高中英语易混短语总结和常见同义词辨析与精练高中英语常见易混短语1.breakbreak away from逃脱;脱离;放弃(习惯) break down 身体垮掉;会议和谈失败;机器坏掉 break in破门而入;打断 break into 破门而入;突然…起来 break off打断;休息一下 break out爆发 break through突破 break up解散(人群);(学期、会议)结束;分解;打碎2.bringbring sb. doing sth. 引来某人做某事bring about带来;造成bring down打倒;降低 bring forward提出 bring in 收割;引进;赚得;生产 bring up教育;抚养长大;呕吐 bring out明白地显示出3.callcall for需要;邀约 call after以某人的名字命名 call in召来;引来 call on/ upon 拜访;号召 call out大声叫;召集 call up打电话;使人想起4.carrycarry back运回;回想起 carry on进行;继续 carry out实施;履行 carry through 把…进行到底5.catchcatch sb. doing撞见某人做某事catch hold of抓住catch up with赶上 be caught in the rain 被雨淋/doc/db604393.html,ecome to doing 谈到做某事 come to realise 终于认识到 come about发生;产生 come across偶然遇到 come along一道走;进展come at到达;袭击 come off 离开;(计划等)成功 come on跟着来;进步;开始(…起来);来啊(表示激对方) come out 出来;开花;传出;被出版 come to 共计;归结为;达到…地步;达成 come to oneself 苏醒过来 come up走进;上楼;发芽;被提出 come up with想出;赶上7.diedie for 为…而死 die away渐弱 die down渐渐减弱熄灭;静下来die off相继死亡 die out风俗消失;动物灭绝8.dodo away with 废除;消除 do up包扎;修改;梳理 do with处理对付;以…将就过去 do without没有…也行 have sth. to do with 与…有关9.getget across被理解get along 设法度过;相处;进行get around/about 消息传开 get away 逃离;离开 get down 下来;记下get down to开始做 get in进入;收获;插话 get into陷入 get out of摆脱get over克服;恢复get through打通电话;通过考试get to到达;着手 get together 相聚10.givegive away赠送;泄露 give in投降屈服;让步 give off发出光热气味 give out 发出;分发;用完耗尽;精疲力竭 give over to托付给give way to让步;给…让路 given that 考虑到11.gogo bad变质 go to归功于;归属于 go in for参加;爱好 go into 调查;进入go off离开;想起;进行go on继续下去;时间过去;发生go out外出;熄灭 go over越过;复习 go through 经历;通过 go up价格上涨 go without忍受…的缺乏 go with伴随;与…相配12.holdcatch/grasp/take/get hold of 抓住 hold back阻止;遏制;隐瞒hold down垂下;压制hold on不挂断电话;坚持下去;继续hold on to 抓住不放;执着于 hold out 伸出;维持;抵抗到底 hold up阻挡;拦截支撑13.keepkeep away 躲开;避开 keep back隐瞒;抑制;使后退 keep off 离开;不靠近 keep out不进入,留在外面 keep out of避免卷入 keep to不离开;遵守 keep up 天气保持不变;保持 keep up with 跟上;不落后;并驾齐驱14.knockknock down撞倒;击倒 knock off停止工作;打折 knock over 打翻;撞翻 knock into 偶然遇见15.leavebe on leave休假 leave alone丢下;不理会 leave behind遗留;忘带 leave off 停止;戒除 leave out 删去;不考虑16.letlet alone 更不用说 let sth. alone不管;置之不理 let sth. be 不干涉 let down 放下;使失望 let in放入 let out放出;发出;泄露17.looklook ahead考虑未来 look back on回首;回头看 look down on 瞧不起 look sb. in the eye 正视某人 look into调查 look out小心look over瞭望;检查 look through浏览;通过…看 look up to尊敬18.makemake at 袭击;向…前进 make believe假装 make for向…方向走;促成,有助于make sth.into 把…制成make out 辨认出;理解make up 组成;弥补;编造;化妆;和好make up for补偿;填补make the best of充分利用19.passpass away去世 pass down 传递下去 pass on传递 pass over省略;忽视20.pickpick one’s words 小心说话 pick out挑选出;辨认出 pick up 捡起;用车接;偶然学会;接收信号;增加(速度)21.pullpull down拉下;拆掉pull in拉进;车到站pull off用力拽下pull on穿上 pull out车出站;拔出 pull through 渡过难关;痊愈 pull up 车停下22.pushpush aside 把…推到一边 push ahead向前冲 push off出发;开船 push on力劝 push over推到;推翻 push up 顶起来;上涨23.putput aside搁置一旁;储蓄 put away收拾好 put down放下;记下;镇压 put forward提出 put in 插入;安装 put off推迟 put out 伸出;熄灭;生产 put up举起;建造;张贴;住宿 put up with忍受24.runrun against违反run away 逃走run into跑进;撞上;合计为run out用完;跑出 run over 匆忙看过;重新练习;碾压25.seesee into调查 see through看穿 see to sth.负责 see to it that务必;负责26.sendsend away 开除 send for叫人去取/叫 send off寄出;送行 send out发出;派遣 send up发射;使上升27.setset about doing= set out to do 开始做 set aside留出;储蓄;把…放在一边;忽视不理睬 set down放下;记下 set off 出发;引爆;引起 set up建立28.standstand against靠着…站着;反对 stand aside袖手旁观 stand for 支持;代表stand on one’s feet 自食其力 stand out杰出;引人注目29.taketake the stairs走楼梯 take after 追赶;长得像 take around领某人参观 take down拆下;记下take…for把…当作 take in吸收;欺骗take off脱掉;飞机起飞;事业腾飞;戒除take over接管继承take up接受;拿起;占据;开始;谈起30.turnturn about回头 turn against背叛;反抗 turn around旋转;改变主意 turn down拒绝;调低 turn in 上交 turn off关掉 turn on 打开;对准 turn out 结果是;生产 turn over移交转让;翻身;仔细考虑 turn to 变成;求助;翻到(书页);注意力转向 turn up出现;调大;突然发生31.handhand back交回;归还hand down 把…传下来hand in 上交hand out分发 hand over 移交;交出32.livelive on以…为食 live through熬过;活过 live up to遵从;实践;符合;不辜负 live out 时间;活过 live with忍受;与…一起生活1. in turn一个接一个地in return 作为回报 I tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got in return, by turns=one after the ot her take turn to do sth.轮流做某事 turn secretary=become a secretary turn to sb ( for help ) turnup=appear turn out=prove to be / produce turn down 拒绝=refuse;音量调低;向下翻;2. If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speaka word of French? 她假若在巴黎呆了五年,怎麽一句法语都不会说呢?come across 越过某处;被理解;偶然发现, 偶然遇到come into being/existence 出现,开始形成,建立 come into use/service 开始使用(无被动)come out 出来; 出发;出版;名列…;(总数等)达到(+ at/to)come to light 泄露(真相);被发现cf. Your statement does not throw light on the subject. 并没有说明问题 come true实现,变成现实 My dream has come true. 我的一个梦想实现了。
高一期中英语考试知识点一、词汇与短语1. 同义词:synonyms2. 反义词:antonyms3. 前缀和后缀:prefixes and suffixes4. 同根词:homonyms5. 同音异义词:homophones6. 难词解析:vocabulary analysis7. 固定搭配:fixed expressions8. 短语动词:phrasal verbs9. 习语和俚语:idioms and slang10. 多音字:polyphones二、语法和句子结构1. 时态:tenses2. 语态:voice3. 主谓一致:subject-verb agreement4. 并列句和复合句:compound and complex sentences5. 名词性从句:noun clauses6. 定语从句:adjective clauses7. 状语从句:adverbial clauses8. 直接引语和间接引语:direct and indirect speech9. 倒装句:inverted sentences10. 并列连词和从属连词:coordinating and subordinating conjunctions三、阅读理解1. 主旨大意:main idea2. 细节题:detail questions3. 推理题:inference questions4. 词义猜测:vocabulary inference5. 段落标题:paragraph headings6. 标题归纳:summary7. 判断正误:true/false8. 阅读速度和理解:reading speed and comprehension9. 阅读技巧:reading strategies10. 综合阅读:integrated reading四、写作技巧1. 写作结构和组织:writing structure and organization2. 书信写作:letter writing3. 应用文写作:functional writing4. 议论文写作:argumentative essay writing5. 图表描述:chart description6. 句型转换:sentence transformation7. 写作连贯性:coherence in writing8. 篇章结构:paragraph structure9. 文体特点和语言风格:writing style and language features10. 写作修辞技巧:rhetorical devices in writing五、听力技巧1. 理解主旨大意:grasping main ideas2. 获取细节信息:getting specific details3. 辨别态度和观点:identifying attitudes and opinions4. 判断正误:true/false5. 多种题型训练:practice with various question types6. 高频词汇辨析:differentiating commonly confused words7. 短对话和长对话:short and long conversations8. 讲座和演讲:lectures and speeches9. 笔记做记号:taking notes while listening10. 模拟听力测试:simulated listening tests以上是高一期中英语考试的知识点总结,包括词汇与短语、语法和句子结构、阅读理解、写作技巧和听力技巧等方面。
短语复习▲同义词短语1.start to do sth. = begin to do sth. 开始做某事2.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物3.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 给某人传递某物4.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物5.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看看某物6.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人7.buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物8.provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物9.be famous for = be well-known for 因……而著名10.be famous as = be well-known as 作为……而出名11.shop for sth. = buy sth. 购买某物12.get to = arrive at/in = reach 到达13.take the first turning on the right = turn right at the first turning 在第一个路口向右转14.What happened to you ? = What’s wrong with you ? = What’s the matter with you ? 你怎么了?/你发生什么事了?15.enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth. very much 喜欢做某事16.of course = certainly 当然17.cool the air = make the air cool 使空气变得凉爽18.clean the air = make the air clean 净化空气19.exist = live 生存,存在20.each other = one another 互相,彼此21.be harmful to … = be bad for …对……有害22.be interested in sth. = be keen on sth. = be fond of sth. 对……感兴趣23.look after = take care of 照顾24.look after sb./sth. well = take good care of sb./sth 好好照顾某人/某物25.found = start = set up 创建,创立26.leave for Beijing = go to Beijing 去北京27.be the same age as = be as old as 年龄和……一样大28.more than = over 超过,多于29.everywhere = here and there 到处30.in danger = not safe 处于危险31.all year round = at any time 全年32.grow crops = plant crops 种植庄稼33.walk into = enter 走进34.be dead = not work 失灵的,坏了35.show up = appear 出现36.enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 玩得开心,过得愉快37.be careful = look out = watch out = take care 小心38.go off = make a sudden noise / make a noise suddenly 突然发出响声39.at last = finally = in the end 最后40.in a way = partly 在某种程度上e sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用某物做……42.change … into … = turn … into …把……变成……e from = be from 来自……44.be connected to …= be joined to …被连接到……45.make electricity = produce electricity 发电e back = return 回来47.contain electricity = have electricity inside 含有电48.switch on = turn on 开(灯,水龙头,机器等)49.switch off = turn off 关(灯,水龙头,机器等)50.keep silent = keep quiet 保持安静51.stay up = go to bed late 熬夜52.trick sb. = fool sb. = play a trick on sb. = make fun of sb. 愚弄某人,捉弄某人53.be able to do sth. = can do sth. 能做某事54.go miles and miles = go far away 走了很远很远55.go to sleep = fall asleep 入睡56.be asleep = be sleeping 睡着的57.terribly exciting = very exciting 很令人兴奋58.do me a favour = help me = give me a hand 帮我一个忙59.run in rings = run in circles 转圈跑,绕着圈跑60.break down = be broken = be dead 坏了,出故障61.feel like doing sth. = would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事62.hate doing sth. = dislike doing sth. 讨厌做某事63.be stone deaf = can’t (couldn’t ) hear anything = can (could) hear nothing 全聋的64.be different from = be not the same as 与……不同▲短语(1)1. plan to do sth. 计划做某事2. agree to do sth. 同意做某事3. remember to do sth. 记得做某事4. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事5. spread one’s wings 展翅高飞,展开翅膀6. go skiing 去滑雪7. go swimming 游泳8. go fishing 去钓鱼9. go shopping 去购物10. such as 例如11. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事12. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事13. in the world 在世界上14. the same … as 与……相同的15. go abroad 出国16. on the left 在左边17. on the right 在右边18. pollution fighters 环保卫士19. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人20. living things 生物21. be useful for 对……有用的22. for example 例如23. on the end of 在……的末端24. breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气25. thank sb. for sth. / doing sth. 为……感谢某人26. produce a chemical 产生一种化学物质27. taste bad 尝起来味道很糟糕28. taste good尝起来味道很好(美味)29. look happy 看起来很高兴30. sound interesting 听起来很有趣31. sound good 听起来不错(很好)32. communicate with …和……联系,和……沟通33. (be) in danger 处于危险34. cut down 砍伐,砍到35. in order of 以……的顺序36. protect oneself 自我保护37. human being 人类38. as small as chickens 和小鸡一样小39. as big as 和……一样大40. some … others …一些……另一些……41. die out 灭绝,死光42. learn about sth. from …从……了解….. 43. learn from each other 互相学习44. after leaving school 毕业以后45. deliver mail 递送邮件46. at the same time 同时47. at night 在晚上48. at noon 在中午49. at work 在工作50. at home 在家里51. at school 在上学52. get a job 找到一份工作53. be based on 以……为基础54. be born 出生55. be friendly to sb. 对某人很好56. go for a walk 去散步57. become a star 成为明星58. a piece of paper 一张纸59.two pieces of paper 两张纸60. look up 查阅61. look for 寻找62. look like 看起来像……63. look around 环顾四周64. a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶65. five bottles of milk 五瓶牛奶66. keep one’s balance 保持平衡67. stop doing sth. 停止做某事68. stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事69. stop to do sth. 停下来开始做另外一件事70. have a cold 感冒71. belong to 属于……. 72. book a room 预订房间73. allow sb./sth. in …允许某人/某物进入……74. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事75. lead sb. to …带某人去……76. fire exit 消防出口77. Safety first 安全第一78. fire alarm 火警报警器79. describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物80. fire engine 消防车81. wake up 醒来82. wake sb. up 叫醒某人83. go off 突然发出响声84. wet some towels 弄湿一些毛巾85. lie on the floor 躺在地上86. seem like 似乎像87. be against rules 违反规则88. seconds later 几秒钟以后,过了一会89. save one’s life 救某人的命90. help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝……91. a packet of …一包……92. look foolish 看起来很愚蠢93. in packets 一包包94. flow through …流过……95. in the/one’s way 挡路96. all kinds of …各种各样的……97. look like …看起来像……98. different forms of …不同形式的……99. connect A to B 连接A 和B 100. be connected to 被连接到……101. with a grin on one’s face 脸上带着微笑102. turn right 向右转103. turn left 向左转104. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友105. do more exercise 做更多的运动106. be short of …缺乏……107. keep lively 保持活力108. knock on/at …敲……109. fall down 落下;跌倒110. thank goodness 谢天谢地111. break things 打破东西112. borrow sth. form sb. 向某人借某物113. be similar to …与…….相似114. be patient with …对……有耐心115. be bored with …对……感到厌烦,对……不感兴趣116. be concerned about …牵挂着……,关心……117. lie down 躺下118. be proud of …以……为自豪▲短语(2)1. Sb. have trouble doing sth. 某人做某事有困难2. Sb. spend some time / money (in) doing sth. 某人花时间/钱做某事3. stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事4. stop doing sth. 停止做某事5. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事6. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事7. watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事8. mind doing sth. 介意做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事10. finish doing sth. 完成做某事11. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事12. practise doing sth. 练习做某事13. keep doing dth. 不断地做某事14. feel like doing 想要做某事15. thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事16. be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事17. What about doing sth. ? = How about doing sth. ? 做……怎么样?17. be successful in doing sth. 做某事很成功18. hope to do sth. 希望做……19. want to do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做……20. decide to do sth. 决定做……21. fail to do sth. 没能做……22. agree to do sth. 同意做……23. plan to do sth. 计划做……24. need to do sth. 需要做……25. remember to do sth. 记得做……26. forget to do sth. 忘记做……27. start to do sth. = begin to do sth. 开始做……28. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……29. try to do sth. = do one’s best to do sth. 尽力做……30. arrange to do sth. 安排做……31. offer to do sth. (主动)提出要做某事32. have to do sth. 不得不做事33. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事34. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事35. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事36. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事37. watch sb. do sth. 看着某人做了某事38. had better do sth. 最好做某事39. had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事40. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事41. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事42. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事43. ask/tell sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事44. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 45. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事46. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事47. It take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事。
初中英语同义词全表above / over 在……上方almost / nearly 几乎;差不多also / too 也;同样among / between 在……之间around / near(by) 在周围arrive (at / in) / reach, get to 到达autumn / fall 秋天baby / child 孩子bad / ill, wrong 坏的;错的become / get, grow, turn 变得;成为begin / start 开始below / under 在……下面beside / near, next to 在……旁边;附近big / large, great 大的bright / sunny, shining 晴朗的busy / working 忙碌的centre / middle 中间certainly / of course 当然clever / bright 聪明的common / usual 普通的;通常的dear / expensive 昂贵的difficult / hard 困难的;艰巨的easy / simple 容易的;简单的enjoyable / pleasant 有乐趣的;使人快乐的every / each 每个fail / miss, lose 失败;丧失fall / drop 落下famous / well-known 著名的fast / quick(ly) 迅速的(地)fine / good, nice 好的;优的finish / end 结束;终点following / next 以下的friendly / kind 友好的game / match 比赛glad / happy, pleased 愉快的;高兴的go / leave 离去;离开healthy / fine, well 健康的helpful / useful 有益的;有用的high / tall 高的hope / wish, want 希望;想要house / home 家ill / sick 生病的journey / travel, trip 旅行;旅途knock / hit, beat 敲打;击中;打败know / understand 懂得;理解laugh / smile 笑like / enjoy, love 喜欢;热爱line / row 排;行列little / small 小的loud / noisy 大声的;嘈杂的maybe / perhaps 可能;大概noise / sound 声音OK / fine, all right 好吧;行own / have, hold 拥有;持有problem / question, puzzle 问题pupil / student 学生rainy / wet 下雨的;有雨的real / true 真正的;真实的receive / get 接受;得到ring / call, telephone 打rock / stone 岩石;石头room / space 空间;余地sad / unhappy, sorry 悲伤的;难过的say / speak, talk, tell 说话seem / look 看似several / some / a few 几个;若干个shout / cry, call 叫喊sleep / rest 睡觉;休息stay / live 逗留;居住street / road 街道;路sunny / bright, clear, fine 晴朗的take / need 需要terribly / badly, very 非常town / city 城镇very / quite, rather, greatly 非常;相当whether / if 是否whole / total 全部;总共zero / nothing 零初中英语反义词全表above 在……上below 在……下after 在……后before 在……前all 全部none 全无alone 单独地together 一起always 总是sometimes 有时answer 回答ask 询问answer 答案question 问题back 背部front 前面bad 坏的good 好的badly 恶劣地well 很好地begin 开始end, finish 结束best 最好的worst 最坏的better 更好的worse 更坏的big 大的small, little 小的black 黑的white 白的borrow 借入lend 借给both 两者都neither 两者都不break 打破mend, repair 修理busy 忙碌的free 空闲的buy 买(入)sell 卖(出)certainly 当然地perhaps, maybe 或许;大概cheap 便宜的expensive, dear 昂贵的clean 干净的dirty 肮脏的clever 聪明的foolish 愚蠢的cloudy 天阴的bright, clear, sunny 晴朗的cold 寒冷的hot 炎热的come 来go 去cool 凉爽的warm 温暖的danger 危险safety 安全dark 黑暗的bright, light 明亮的day 白天night 夜晚dead 死的alive, living 活的death 死亡life 生命die 死去live 活着down 向下up 向上dry 干燥的wet 潮湿的early 早的late 迟的easy 容易的difficult, hard 困难的;艰巨的empty 倒空fill 装满empth 空的full 满的entrance 入口exit 出口fall 落下rise 升起far 远的near 近的fine 晴朗的cloudy, rainy 天阴的;下雨的finish 结束begin, start 开始first 最初的last 最后的foreign 外国的home 本国的forget 忘记remember 记得from 从…… to 到……give 给予take 拿走glad 愉快的sad, sorry 悲伤的;难过的good 好的bad, ill, poor 坏的;恶劣的great 伟大的little, small 渺小的happy 高兴的unhappy, sad 难过的hard 艰难的easy 容易的hard 硬的soft 软的hate 憎恨love, like 热爱;喜欢here 在这里there 在那里high 高的low 低的hold 拿住drop 掉落holiday 假日weekday 工作日;平时ill 生病的healthy, well 健康的in 在里面out 在外面inside 在里面outside 在外面into 到……里面out of 从……里向外kill 杀死save 救活laugh 笑cry 哭leave 离开arrive 到达leave 离开stay 逗留light 明亮的dark 黑暗的light 轻的heavy 重的like 喜欢hate 憎恨like 与……一样unlike 与……不一样lose 丢失find 找到lose 失败;丢失win 胜利;赢得many 许多few 很少miss 未抓住;未赶上catch 抓住;赶上miss 未击中hit 击中more 更多的less, fewer 更少的most 最多的least, fewest 最少的move 移动stop 停止much 许多little 很少never 从未ever 曾经next 下一个last 上一个nobody 无一人everybody 每个人nothing 什么也没有everything 一切now 现在then 当时old 旧的new 新的old 年老的young 年轻的on 连续;使用中off 离开;中断open 打开(的)close(d) 关闭(的)over 在……上under 在……下pain 痛苦pleasure 快乐pass 通过;及格fail 未通过;不及格poor 贫穷的rich 富裕的pull 拉push 推quiet 寂静的noisy 嘈杂的rainy 下雨的dry 干旱的right 右边(的)left 左边(的)right 正确的wrong 错误的sad 悲伤的glad, happy 快乐的safe 安全的dangerous 危险的same 相同的different 不同的short 短的long 长的short (个子)矮的tall (个子)高的sleep 睡觉wake 醒来slow(ly) 满的(地)quick(ly), fast 快的(地)small 小的big, large, great 大的start 开始end, finish 结束;停止start 出发reach 到达strong 强壮的weak 虚弱的take 拿走;夺取bring 带来take 拿取give 给予teach 教(课)learn 学习these 这些those 那些thin 瘦的fat 胖的thin 薄的thick 厚的this 这个that 那个town 城镇country 乡下true 真实的untrue 不真实的;假的usual 通常的;平常的unusual 不寻常的whole 全体;全部part 部分wide 宽的narrow 窄的with 带有……的without 不带……的work 工作play, rest 玩;休息yes 是的no 不是的初中英语知识总结--短语、词组和重点句型归纳[短语、词组归纳]由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。
三、高中常用同义词辨析汇总1. a good/great many(of)/a number of/a large quantity of/plenty of/a large amount of/a great deal of2. a number of/numbers of/the number of. . .3. abandon/desert4. abolish/cancel5. above all/first of all/at first6. accuse/charge/blame/scold7. acquire/obtain/gain/win/earn8. adjust/adapt9. adopt/adapt10. agreement/contract/bargain11. also/too/either/as well/besides/moreover12. anxious/eager/keen13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel15. ashamed/shameful/shame16. at ease/with ease17. attempt/try/manage18. attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual20. award/reward/prize21. beat/strike/hit22. because of/owing to/thanks to/due to23. before/since/until24. blame/condemn/scold25. bother/interrupt/trouble/disturb26. break into/break in27. burden/load28. calm/still/quiet/silent29. care about/care for30. cause/reason31. celebrate/congratulate/observe32. certain/sure33. choose/select/elect/pick34. close/closely35. come about/happen/take place/occur/break out36. come to power/be in powere true/realize38. common/ordinary/usual/average/universal39. compare/contrast40. conflict/fight/war/struggle41. confuse/puzzle42. consequently/so43. considerate/thoughtful44. constant/continual/continuous45. consult/look up46. contain/include/hold/ 47. content/satisfactory48. contribute/devote49. convey/transport50. cope with/deal with/do with51. create/invent/discover52. cure/treat/heal53. deal with/do with54. declare/announce/claim55. decline/refuse/reject56. defeat/beat/win/conquer57. defend/guard/protect58. demand/require/request59. determine to do/be determined to do60. direct/directly61. disturb/interrupt62. divide(into)/separate(from)63. dress/wear/put/pull on/have on64. employ/hire/rent65. empty/vacant66. energy/force/power/strength67. ensure/assure/insure68. ensure/guarantee/promise69. escape/flee70. examine/check/test/inspect71. expand/extend/spread/stretch72. expense/cost/price/fee/ charge /fare73. expose/uncover74. fault/mistake/wrong75. fit/suitable/proper/appropriate76. fit/suit/match77. force/strength/energy/power78. forgive/excuse79. gain/earn/get/win80. gather/collect81. give in/give up82. give out/(sth. ) run out/(sb. ) run out of sth. /(sb. ) use up sth.83. glare at/glance at/stare at/look at。
短语复习▲同义词短语1.start to do sth. = begin to do sth. 开始做某事2.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物3.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 给某人传递某物4.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物5.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看看某物6.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人7.buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物8.provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物9.be famous for = be well-known for 因……而著名10.be famous as = be well-known as 作为……而出名11.shop for sth. = buy sth. 购买某物12.get to = arrive at/in = reach 到达13.take the first turning on the right = turn right at the first turning 在第一个路口向右转14.What happened to you ? = What’s wrong with you ? = What’s the matter with you ? 你怎么了?/你发生什么事了?15.enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth. very much 喜欢做某事16.of course = certainly 当然17.cool the air = make the air cool 使空气变得凉爽18.clean the air = make the air clean 净化空气19.exist = live 生存,存在20.each other = one another 互相,彼此21.be harmful to … = be bad for …对……有害22.be interested in sth. = be keen on sth. = be fond of sth. 对……感兴趣23.look after = take care of 照顾24.look after sb./sth. well = take good care of sb./sth 好好照顾某人/某物25.found = start = set up 创建,创立26.leave for Beijing = go to Beijing 去北京27.be the same age as = be as old as 年龄和……一样大28.more than = over 超过,多于29.everywhere = here and there 到处30.in danger = not safe 处于危险31.all year round = at any time 全年32.grow crops = plant crops 种植庄稼33.walk into = enter 走进34.be dead = not work 失灵的,坏了35.show up = appear 出现36.enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 玩得开心,过得愉快37.be careful = look out = watch out = take care 小心38.go off = make a sudden noise / make a noise suddenly 突然发出响声39.at last = finally = in the end 最后40.in a way = partly 在某种程度上e sth. to do sth. = do sth. with sth. 用某物做……42.change … into … = turn … into …把……变成……e from = be from 来自……44.be connected to …= be joined to …被连接到……45.make electricity = produce electricity 发电e back = return 回来47.contain electricity = have electricity inside 含有电48.switch on = turn on 开(灯,水龙头,机器等)49.switch off = turn off 关(灯,水龙头,机器等)50.keep silent = keep quiet 保持安静51.stay up = go to bed late 熬夜52.trick sb. = fool sb. = play a trick on sb. = make fun of sb. 愚弄某人,捉弄某人53.be able to do sth. = can do sth. 能做某事54.go miles and miles = go far away 走了很远很远55.go to sleep = fall asleep 入睡56.be asleep = be sleeping 睡着的57.terribly exciting = very exciting 很令人兴奋58.do me a favour = help me = give me a hand 帮我一个忙59.run in rings = run in circles 转圈跑,绕着圈跑60.break down = be broken = be dead 坏了,出故障61.feel like doing sth. = would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事62.hate doing sth. = dislike doing sth. 讨厌做某事63.be stone deaf = can’t (couldn’t ) hear anything = can (could) hear nothing 全聋的64.be different from = be not the same as 与……不同▲短语(1)1. plan to do sth. 计划做某事2. agree to do sth. 同意做某事3. remember to do sth. 记得做某事4. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事5. spread one’s wings 展翅高飞,展开翅膀6. go skiing 去滑雪7. go swimming 游泳8. go fishing 去钓鱼9. go shopping 去购物10. such as 例如11. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事12. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事13. in the world 在世界上14. the same … as 与……相同的15. go abroad 出国16. on the left 在左边17. on the right 在右边18. pollution fighters 环保卫士19. interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人20. living things 生物21. be useful for 对……有用的22. for example 例如23. on the end of 在……的末端24. breathe fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气25. thank sb. for sth. / doing sth. 为……感谢某人26. produce a chemical 产生一种化学物质27. taste bad 尝起来味道很糟糕28. taste good尝起来味道很好(美味)29. look happy 看起来很高兴30. sound interesting 听起来很有趣31. sound good 听起来不错(很好)32. communicate with …和……联系,和……沟通33. (be) in danger 处于危险34. cut down 砍伐,砍到35. in order of 以……的顺序36. protect oneself 自我保护37. human being 人类38. as small as chickens 和小鸡一样小39. as big as 和……一样大40. some … others …一些……另一些……41. die out 灭绝,死光42. learn about sth. from …从……了解….. 43. learn from each other 互相学习44. after leaving school 毕业以后45. deliver mail 递送邮件46. at the same time 同时47. at night 在晚上48. at noon 在中午49. at work 在工作50. at home 在家里51. at school 在上学52. get a job 找到一份工作53. be based on 以……为基础54. be born 出生55. be friendly to sb. 对某人很好56. go for a walk 去散步57. become a star 成为明星58. a piece of paper 一张纸59.two pieces of paper 两张纸60. look up 查阅61. look for 寻找62. look like 看起来像……63. look around 环顾四周64. a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶65. five bottles of milk 五瓶牛奶66. keep one’s balance 保持平衡67. stop doing sth. 停止做某事68. stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事69. stop to do sth. 停下来开始做另外一件事70. have a cold 感冒71. belong to 属于……. 72. book a room 预订房间73. allow sb./sth. in …允许某人/某物进入……74. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事75. lead sb. to …带某人去……76. fire exit 消防出口77. Safety first 安全第一78. fire alarm 火警报警器79. describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物80. fire engine 消防车81. wake up 醒来82. wake sb. up 叫醒某人83. go off 突然发出响声84. wet some towels 弄湿一些毛巾85. lie on the floor 躺在地上86. seem like 似乎像87. be against rules 违反规则88. seconds later 几秒钟以后,过了一会89. save one’s life 救某人的命90. help oneself to sth. 随便吃/喝……91. a packet of …一包……92. look foolish 看起来很愚蠢93. in packets 一包包94. flow through …流过……95. in the/one’s way 挡路96. all kinds of …各种各样的……97. look like …看起来像……98. different forms of …不同形式的……99. connect A to B 连接A 和B 100. be connected to 被连接到……101. with a grin on one’s face 脸上带着微笑102. turn right 向右转103. turn left 向左转104. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友105. do more exercise 做更多的运动106. be short of …缺乏……107. keep lively 保持活力108. knock on/at …敲……109. fall down 落下;跌倒110. thank goodness 谢天谢地111. break things 打破东西112. borrow sth. form sb. 向某人借某物113. be similar to …与…….相似114. be patient with …对……有耐心115. be bored with …对……感到厌烦,对……不感兴趣116. be concerned about …牵挂着……,关心……117. lie down 躺下118. be proud of …以……为自豪▲短语(2)1. Sb. have trouble doing sth. 某人做某事有困难2. Sb. spend some time / money (in) doing sth. 某人花时间/钱做某事3. stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事4. stop doing sth. 停止做某事5. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事6. hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事7. watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事8. mind doing sth. 介意做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事10. finish doing sth. 完成做某事11. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事12. practise doing sth. 练习做某事13. keep doing dth. 不断地做某事14. feel like doing 想要做某事15. thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事16. be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事17. What about doing sth. ? = How about doing sth. ? 做……怎么样?17. be successful in doing sth. 做某事很成功18. hope to do sth. 希望做……19. want to do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做……20. decide to do sth. 决定做……21. fail to do sth. 没能做……22. agree to do sth. 同意做……23. plan to do sth. 计划做……24. need to do sth. 需要做……25. remember to do sth. 记得做……26. forget to do sth. 忘记做……27. start to do sth. = begin to do sth. 开始做……28. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做……29. try to do sth. = do one’s best to do sth. 尽力做……30. arrange to do sth. 安排做……31. offer to do sth. (主动)提出要做某事32. have to do sth. 不得不做事33. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事34. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事35. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事36. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事37. watch sb. do sth. 看着某人做了某事38. had better do sth. 最好做某事39. had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事40. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事41. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事42. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事43. ask/tell sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事44. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 45. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事46. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事47. It take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花时间做某事。