美赛2020F题翻译以及完整思路2(更新版)

2017-2018年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”（中国赛区）题目翻译及解题tips【翻译】：2018与以下哪个数字相加的总和是偶数？The sum of…总和…；the even number偶数【翻译】：约翰和吉尔一共有92美元。

约翰的钱是吉尔的三倍。

问约翰有多少钱？①…has three times（倍数）as many(修饰可数名词)/much(修饰不可数名词)as…A的…是B的几倍②As···as···和什么一样多【翻译】：汤姆是一个篮球热爱者！在他的书中，他写了100次“ILOVENBA”（我爱NBA）。

问他写的第500个字母是什么。

（提示：本题考查周期循环规律题）【翻译】：一个长*宽为8*25的长方形和以下哪个长方形有相同的面积。

【翻译】：前100个正整数（1-100）的和与后50个正整数（51-100）的和之间的差是多少？①Positive difference···与···的差；②positive integers正整数【翻译】：你有一根10英尺长的杆子需要被切成10等份。

若每一份需要10秒去切，完成这份工作一共需要多少秒。

【翻译】：Amy将2018四舍五入约至十位（rounded···to the nearest tens）得到的数字与Ben将2018四舍五入约至百位得到的数字，这两个数字之和是多少？【翻译】：下列哪组数有最小公倍数？【翻译】：Dan每买2支铅笔的同时也会5支钢笔。

如果他买了10支铅笔，那他一共买了几支钢笔？【翻译】：星期四的20天后是星期几？【翻译】：下列哪个角的度数最小？①an obtuse钝角②an acute锐角③a right直角④a stright平角【翻译】：我们班的每位学生都要轮流喊一个整数。

第一个人喊的是1。

2020年f题研究生数学建模
（原创实用版）
目录
1.2020 年研究生数学建模大赛简介
2.参赛队伍的组成和选题
3.参赛过程中的挑战与收获
4.对未来数学建模比赛的展望
正文
2020 年研究生数学建模大赛简介
2020 年研究生数学建模大赛是一场全国范围内的数学建模竞赛，吸引了众多研究生参赛。

该比赛要求参赛队伍在规定的时间内，针对给定的问题进行深入研究，并撰写论文提交。

此次比赛不仅考验了参赛选手的数学建模能力，还考验了他们的团队协作和解决问题的能力。

参赛队伍的组成和选题
在 2020 年的研究生数学建模大赛中，我有幸与两位网友组队参赛。

我们选择的题目是 B 题，即汽油辛烷值建模。

在比赛过程中，我们充分发挥各自的专业优势，共同解决了一系列问题。

参赛过程中的挑战与收获
尽管我们在参赛过程中遇到了诸多挑战，如对题目的理解、建模方法的选择、论文的撰写等，但我们依然取得了不错的成绩。

通过这次比赛，我们不仅提高了自己的数学建模能力，还锻炼了团队协作和沟通能力。

对未来数学建模比赛的展望
数学建模比赛是对学生能力的一种很好的检验方式。

在未来，希望这类比赛能够继续举办，并吸引更多的学生参与。

美赛题目2024年中文题目下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。

文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!【标题】2024年美赛（MCM/ICM）中文题目解析与展望【正文】美赛，全称为美国数学建模竞赛（Mathematical Contest in Modeling / Interdisciplinary Contest in Modeling），是全球影响力最大的数学建模竞赛之一。

2024年美赛竞赛赛题解析（中英文版）英文文档：Title: Analysis of the 2024 American Mathematics Competition (AMC) QuestionsThe American Mathematics Competition (AMC) is an annual mathematics examination for high school students in the United States.The 2024 AMC questions are designed to test students" mathematical knowledge, problem-solving skills, and creativity.In this article, we will analyze the key features and trends of the 2024 AMC questions.Firstly, the 2024 AMC questions cover a wide range of mathematical topics, including algebra, geometry, probability, and calculus.These topics are essential components of a comprehensive mathematics education.The questions are designed to assess students" understanding of these topics and their ability to apply mathematical concepts to solve problems.Secondly, the 2024 AMC questions require students to think critically and logically.Many questions are word problems that require students to interpret mathematical information, identify relevant equations or theorems, and develop a plan to solve the problem.The ability to communicate mathematical ideas clearly and effectively is alsoan important aspect of the examination.Thirdly, the 2024 AMC questions emphasize problem-solving skills.Students are required to use various strategies, such as substitution, elimination, and iteration, to find solutions.The examination also tests students" ability to estimate solutions and determine the reasonableness of their answers.Fourthly, the 2024 AMC questions encourage students to think creatively and explore mathematical concepts beyond traditional problem-solving methods.Some questions may have multiple solutions or require students to develop their own original solutions.This encourages students to think outside the box and explore the boundaries of mathematical knowledge.In conclusion, the 2024 American Mathematics Competition (AMC) questions are designed to assess students" mathematical knowledge, problem-solving skills, and creativity.The questions cover a wide range of topics and require students to think critically, logically, and creatively.By participating in the AMC, students can improve their mathematical abilities and expand their horizons in the field of mathematics.中文文档：标题：2024年美国数学竞赛（AMC）题目解析美国数学竞赛（AMC）是一项年度数学考试，面向美国高中学生。

所谓6种题型，提示了部分题目的内容，但如果作为选题依据，作用非常有限。

如果是为了更好的选题，搞清楚MCM与ICM的区别，可能更有帮助。

选哪道题不是特别重要，重要的是应该“尽快”选题。

竞赛时间是固定的，选题的时间越长，做题的时间越少。

选题多花1小时，意味着建模和写论文的时间就少了1小时。

能获什么奖主要看实力，其次看运气。

准备越充分，胜算越大。

如果不想碰运气的话，早点动手准备吧。

六种题型怎么理解首先，MCM/ICM（2016年起）每年共有6道题，不是6种题，MCM是ABC三题，ICM是DEF三题。

对6道题目类型的描述，不是严格的划分，角度和依据都不相同。

continuous和discrete是指模型的类型，data insights是指问题数据的特征，operations research/network science和environmental science是指问题涉及到的学科，而environmental science和policy又是指问题本身的背景。

这不是按照同一标准对题目进行划分，之间有重叠。

最显然的，如果认为continuous和discrete是互补的，那么其他4道题目应该可以分别归入其中某一类。

其次，这些一两个词的描述过于笼统、宽泛，无法体现题目的具体特征，特别是A、B、F 题的描述，提供的信息非常少，说了几乎等于没说。

continuous、discrete把所有的模型全包括了。

policy范围也太广，人类主宰世界，方方面面都可能涉及政策问题。

而且F题也是2016年新增加的，只有2016年一年的题目（难民问题），暂时还看不出来什么规律。

而C题和D题的特征相对具体一些。

比如，针对2016年起MCM新增加的C题，COMAP （Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications）专门发布了一份文档（中文简介）说明其特征。

概括起来，MCM的C题与数据有关，虽然称不上大数据，但压缩包也在100MB 以上，与MCM/ICM其他题目相比，数据量算是大的（实际上以往MCM/ICM的题目很少给数据），这就要求选这一题的参赛队要熟悉数据处理的基本方法，包括预处理、后处理等，并掌握相应的编程技能或是相关软件的使用方法。

美赛2024 f题思路
对于美赛2024年F题，我可以给出一些思路和讨论。

请注意，
这只是一个潜在的思路之一，具体解决方案可能需要更深入的研究
和分析。

美赛2024年F题可能涉及到某种实际问题，可能需要建立数学
模型来解决。

首先，你需要仔细阅读题目，理解问题的背景和要求。

然后，你可以考虑以下一些思路：
1. 建立数学模型，根据题目中提供的信息，尝试建立一个数学
模型来描述问题。

这可能涉及到微分方程、概率模型、优化模型等。

你需要考虑问题的各个方面，包括变量、约束条件、目标函数等。

2. 数据分析，如果题目提供了相关数据，你可以进行数据分析，找出数据之间的关联和规律。

这可能涉及到统计分析、数据可视化
等方法。

3. 讨论解决方案的可行性，你可以探讨你所提出的解决方案的
可行性，包括技术可行性、经济可行性、社会可行性等方面。

你需
要考虑解决方案的实际应用效果。

4. 结果的解释和讨论，最后，你需要对你的分析结果进行解释和讨论，说明你的解决方案对问题的影响和意义，以及可能的局限性和改进方向。

需要指出的是，以上思路只是一个参考，具体的解题方法可能需要根据具体的题目要求和情境来确定。

希望这些思路能够对你有所帮助。

2020年英二阅读题译文2020年英语二阅读题译文如下：第一篇：如今的消费者更加注重体验而非产品本身。

这正是为什么体验式营销正在成为一种主流营销策略的原因。

与传统营销相比，体验式营销更注重消费者的感受和参与度，通过创造独特的品牌体验来吸引消费者。

这种营销方式可以帮助品牌与消费者建立更深层次的联系，从而提高品牌忠诚度。

第二篇：随着社交媒体的普及，越来越多的企业开始利用社交媒体平台进行营销和推广。

社交媒体营销具有许多优势，例如低成本、高效率、广泛的受众群体等。

通过社交媒体，企业可以与目标受众进行互动，了解他们的需求和喜好，并据此制定更有针对性的营销策略。

此外，社交媒体还可以帮助企业建立品牌形象，提高品牌知名度。

第三篇：在当今竞争激烈的市场环境中，企业需要不断创新以保持竞争优势。

创新可以是产品创新、服务创新、技术创新等，但关键在于能够满足消费者的需求并创造价值。

企业可以通过持续研发、合作创新、开放式创新等方式来推动创新。

同时，企业还需要建立良好的创新文化，鼓励员工积极参与创新活动，以促进企业的持续发展。

第四篇：随着消费者越来越注重健康和环保，绿色营销正在成为一种重要的营销策略。

绿色营销强调企业在生产和销售过程中要注重环保和可持续发展，以满足消费者的绿色需求。

通过采用绿色包装、绿色生产方式、绿色运输等方式，企业可以降低对环境的影响，同时赢得消费者的青睐。

此外，企业还可以通过开展绿色公益活动来提高品牌形象和知名度。

第五篇：大数据已经成为当今企业的重要资产。

通过收集和分析大数据，企业可以更好地了解市场和消费者需求，从而制定更有效的营销策略。

大数据可以帮助企业实现精准营销、预测市场趋势、优化产品设计和提高客户满意度等目标。

同时，企业还需要注意保护客户隐私和数据安全，以避免潜在的法律风险。

第六篇：随着电子商务的不断发展，越来越多的企业开始开展跨境电商业务。

跨境电商具有许多优势，例如低成本、高效率、广泛的客户群体等。

题目F：隐私成本电子通讯和社交媒体的普及和（人们对之的）依赖已成为普遍现象。

其结果是，一些人似乎愿意分享私人信息(PI)，有关他们的人际交往、恋爱关系、购物信息、信仰、健康状况和行踪，而其他人则认为他们这些方面的隐私很重要。

不同领域对隐私的保护也存在显著差异。

例如，由于快速降价，有些人很快就放弃了对购物信息的保护，不过（他们）不太可能同时分享其疾病状况或健康风险的信息。

类似地，如果某些群体或子群体察觉到某些特定信息会对个人或社区造成风险，他们会保护这类个人信息的。

风险可能包括安全、钱财和贵重物品的损失以及知识产权(IP)或人的电子身份的丢失。

其他的风险包括专业丑闻，丢掉职位或工作，社交损失(如友谊破裂)，社交歧视或边缘化。

对政府的政建有异议的政府雇员愿意保护其社交媒体私人资料，而年轻的大学生可能没有压力限制他们发表政治观点或社会信息。

在网络空间下，个人信息保护、互联网和系统安全方面的个人选择可能会对自由、隐私、便利性、社会地位、经济效益和医疗就医等造成风险和获取回报。

个人信息(PI)与私人财产(PP)和知识产权(IP)类似吗?一旦合法获得，PI可以出售或赠予他人，使其有权拥有该信息或成为信息的所有者吗?人类活动的具体信息和元数据变得越来越有社会价值,特别是在医学研究、疾病传播、抢险救灾、企业发展(如营销、保险、和收入),个人行为记录,信仰表达,和体育运动等方面,这些具体信息和元数据可能成为有价值的、可量化的商品。

个人私人数据的交易和风险与收益相伴，风险和收益则会因信息领域(如购买、社交媒体、医疗)和分组(如公民身份、职业介绍、年龄)而不同。

我们能量化电子通信和跨社会交易的隐私成本吗?也就是说，保护PI的货币价值是多少，或者其他人使用PI的成本是多少?政府应该监管这些信息，还是任由隐私产业或个人发展更好?这些信息和隐私仅仅是个人的决定吗?个人必须评估自己做出的选择，并提供自我保护吗?在评估隐私成本时，有几点需要考虑。

PROBLEM A: The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass RuleIn countries where driving automobiles on the right is the rule (that is, USA, China and most other countries except for Great Britain, Australia, and some former British colonies), multi-lane freeways often employ a rule that requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle, in which case they move one lane to the left, pass, and return to their former travel lane.Build and analyze a mathematical model to analyze the performance of this rule in light and heavy traffic. You may wish to examine tradeoffs between traffic flow and safety, the role of under- or over-posted speed limits (that is, speed limits that are too low or too high), and/or other factors that may not be explicitly called out in this problem statement. Is this rule effective in promoting better traffic flow? If not, suggest and analyze alternatives (to include possibly no rule of this kind at all) that might promote greater traffic flow, safety, and/or other factors that you deem important.In countries where driving automobiles on the left is the norm, argue whether or not your solution can be carried over with a simple change of orientation, or would additional requirementsbe needed.Lastly, the rule as stated above relies upon human judgment for compliance. If vehicle transportation on the same roadway was fully under the control of an intelligent system – either part ofthe road network or imbedded in the design of all vehicles using the roadway – to what extent would this change the results ofyour earlier analysis?问题A ：除非超车否则靠右行驶的交通规则在一些汽车靠右行驶的国家（比如美国，中国等等），多车道的高速公路常常遵循以下原则：司机必须在最右侧驾驶，除非他们正在超车，超车时必须先移到左侧车道在超车后再返回。

2020年高中数模美赛B题中文及解法思路2020年高中数模美赛B题中文及解法思路解法思路：1）计算48种濒危物种需要保护的费用，计算筹资额度，求出最佳筹资计划。

2) 根据48种濒危物种生存情况，用回归模型确定保护费用与时间的关系，从而确定筹资计划（时间线要求的资金）。

问题B问题：资助生物多样性保护参考为问题B提供的数据：在这些数据的情况下，电子表格显示了每个特定项目每年所需的预计资金。

数据单元格中的破折号（-）表示该特定项目不需要任何资金。

背景：数千种植物和动物面临着可能导致它们灭绝的威胁，而可以拯救它们的生物多样性保护行动往往是可用的。

当生物多样性保护资金有限时，保护管理者面临着艰难的决定。

管理者需要决定他们应该资助哪些项目来最好地实现他们的目标，其中最重要的是拯救最多的物种。

如果某些保护行动的效益因项目而异，这些行动对特定项目的成本不同，并且这些行动的可用资金远远少于支持所有拟议项目所需的资金，这一点尤为重要。

使这一问题变得更加困难的一个问题是，每个项目的时间线和生命周期各不相同。

保护项目可能需要数年或数十年的时间，项目期间产生成本的时间表可能会因项目的范围、位置、目标物种和负责机构的不同而有很大差异。

这意味着保护项目的预算必须为项目的整个生命周期提供足够的资金。

此外，管理人员需要密切监控其预算，以有效分配资金，因为资源需求因项目和时间而异。

例如，当一些项目需要更多资金时，他们需要确保有足够的资源可用，而当一些项目要求较少时，他们则需要充分利用。

目标：确定如何有效地投资于长期开展的濒危和受威胁物种的生物多样性保护活动，以及这些活动的预期成本随时间而变化。

HiMCM案例：佛罗里达州（美国）植物保护优先行动和资金佛罗里达州是植物生物多样性保护的热点之一，20%的物种受到威胁。

这些植物物种中只有2%（约64种）受到美国濒危物种法（ESA）的保护，但目前资金不足，无法保护数量有限的物种。

佛罗里达州珍稀植物保护基金会（FRPCE）（见附件A）是一个由保护管理人员牵头的信托基金，目的是随着时间的推移提供资金，以支持佛罗里达州发现的珍稀濒危植物物种的研究、保护和养护。

这里: • •
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v 是截面平均速度 n 是 Gauckler-Manning 系数 Rh 是液压半径(L; ft, m)； S 是液压级线的斜率或线性液压头损失（L / L）; k 是 SI 与英文单位之间的转换因子。
该公式可以通过使用维度分析获得。 利用这个公式，很容易发现，当水流到达大坝时，其平
4.1 水流的行为
在我们的模型中，我们需要计算每个水坝的供电能力。 其中一个关键变量是水流到达大坝时 的平均流速。 我们假设赞比西河的水流是一个通道。 因此，我们可以采用经验公式 Manning 公 式来估计这个速度。 ������ */" v = ������) ������ -/* ������
其中 a 是体积到费用系数。
4.3 iMoDS：串联大坝综合模型（这翻译感觉不错）
在水坝达到一个水坝和一个水坝后，调查了水的行为，进一步提出了水坝综合模型。 该模型 由风险成本模型，供电能力模型和系列安全模型三个主要部分组成。 如图 3 所示，我们的模型作 为一个评估单一坝和整个组的综合机器。 基本上，我们可以将其视为非线性规划方法。 三个主 要部分作为来自不同领域的三个特征。 他们也根据自己对整个系统的贡献，分配不同的权重。
其中 d 是两个相邻水坝之间的平均距离。
4.3.4
电源能力模型
卡里巴被设计为一个单一用途的水电项目。 开始任何水电站发电项目，计算其水电数量至关 重要。 在我们的模型中，最后一部分是估计这种经济效益。 如果我们总结每个水坝的电力供应， 这个模型可以数值计算我们的新系统的电力供应。 基于水电方程[6]，直观地得到等式 7，这是液 压头和流体流量的函数。 一个单位的水可以做多少工作取决于它的头部的重量。 并且可以通过水的密度，重力加速度， 流量和坠落高度来测量坝上的功率。

美赛2022数模F题论文解法思路美赛2022数模F题解法思路问题 F：All for One 和 One (Space) for All！解法思路：建立小行星采矿成本曲线和利用价值曲线，二条曲线的交点为最优化解。

All for One 和 One (Space) for All数学模型摘要All for One 和 One (Space) for All是本文要解决的数学问题，为了明确All for One 和One (Space) for All问题，本文针对All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题进行了分析建模,对All for One 和One (Space) for All问题进行了参考文献研究，建立了All for One 和One (Space) for All问题的相应模型，推导出All for One 和One (Space) for All问题的计算公式，编写了All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题的计算程序，经过程序运行，得到All for One 和One (Space) for All问题程序计算结果。

具体有：对于问题一，这是All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题最重要的问题，根据题目，对问题一进行了分析，参考已有的资料，建立了All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题一的数学模型，推导出问题一的计算公式，编写出All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题一的计算程序。

求出了All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题一的计算结果。

对于问题二，All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题二比问题一复杂的，是All for One 和 One (Space) for All问题的核心，分析的内容多，计算机的东西也多。

目录2018 年美赛题目翻译 (3)问题A：多跳HF 无线电传播 (3)问题B：语言传播趋势 (3)问题C ：能源配置与预测 (5)问题D：从汽油驾驶到E （电）驾驶 (6)问题E：气候变化如何影响区域不稳定？ (7)问题F：隐私成本问题 (8)2017 年美赛题目翻译 (10)问题A：管理赞比西河 (10)问题B：收费后合并 (11)问题C：“合作和导航” (12)问题D：在机场安全检查站优化乘客吞吐量 (13)问题E：规划可持续城市的发展 (15)问题F：迁移到火星：2100城市社会的乌托邦劳动力 (17)2016 年美赛题目翻译 (20)Program A 浴缸的水温模型 (20)Program B 解决空间碎片问题 (20)Program C 优质基金挑战 (21)2015 年美赛题目翻译 (21)问题一：根除病毒 (21)问题B：寻找失踪的飞机 (22)2014 年美赛题目翻译 (22)问题A：（交通流、路况）优化 (22)问题B：（体育教练）综合评价 (23)2013 年美赛题目翻译 (23)A ：平底锅受热 (23)B：可利用淡水资源的匮乏 (24)2012 年美赛题目翻译 (25)A 题：一棵树的叶子 (25)B：沿着 Big Long River 野营 (25)2011 年美赛题目翻译 (26)A:单板滑雪场地 (26)B：中继站的协调 (26)2010 年美赛题目翻译 (27)A 题：解释棒球棒上的“最佳击球点” (27)B 题系列犯罪地理效应 (27)2018年美赛题目翻译问题A：多跳HF 无线电传播背景：在高频段（HF,定义为3-10MHz），无线电波可以在地球表面和电离层之间的多次反射以进行长距离的传输（从地球表面上的一个点到地球表面上的另一个远点）。

对于低于最大可用频率（MUF）的频率，来自地面源的HF 无线电波将随着每个连续的跳跃继续前进从电离层反射回地球，在那里它们可能再次反射回到电离层，也可能再次反射回地球，等等。

2020 ICM Weekend 2Problem F: The Place I Called Home…Researchers have identified several island nations, such as The Maldives, Tuvalu, Kiribati, and The Marshall Islands, as being at risk of completely disappearing due to rising sea levels. What happens, or what should happen, to an island’s population when its nation’s land disappears? Not only do these environmentally displaced persons (EDPs) need to relocate, but there is also risk of losing a unique culture, language, and way of life. In this problem, we ask you to look more closely at this issue, in terms of both the need to relocate people and the protection of culture. There are many considerations and questions to address, to include: Where will these EDPs go? What countries will take them? Given various nations’ disproportionate contributions to the green-house gasses both historically and currently that have accelerated climate change linked to the rising seas, should the worst offenders have a higher obligation to address these issues? And, who gets a say in deciding where these nationless EDPs make a new home – the individuals, an intergovernmental organization like the United Nations (UN), or the individual governments of the states absorbing these persons? A more detailed explanation of these issues is given in the Issue Paper beginning on page 3.As a result of a recent UN ruling that opened the door to the theoretical recognition of EDPs as refugees, the I nternational C limate M igration F oundation (ICM-F) has hired you to advise the UN by developing a model and using it to analyze this multifaceted issue of when, why, and how the UN should step into a role of addressing the increasing challenge of EDPs. The ICM-F plans to brief the UN on guidance for how the UN should generate a systemized response for EDPs, especially in consideration of the desire to preserve cultural heritage. Your assignment is to develop a model (or set of models) and use your model(s) to provide the analysis to support this briefing. The ICM-F is especially interested in understanding the scope of the issue of EDPs. For example, how many people are currently at risk of becoming EDPs[1]; what is the value of the cultures of at-risk nations; how are those answers likely to change over time? Furthermore, how should the world respond with an international policy that specifically focuses on protecting the rights of persons whose nations have disappeared in the face of climate change while also aiming to preserve culture? Based on your analysis, what recommendations can you offer on this matter, and what are the implications of accepting or rejecting your recommendations?This problem is extremely complex. We understand that your submission will not be able to fully consider all of the aspects described in the Issue Paper beginning on page 3. However, considering the aspects that you address, synthesize your work into a cohesive answer to the ICM-F as they advise the UN. At a minimum, your team’s paper should include:•An analysis of the scope of the issue in terms of both the number of people at risk and the risk of loss of culture;•Proposed policies to address EDPs in terms of both human rights (being able to resettle and participate fully in life in their new home) and cultural preservation;• A description of the development of a model used to measure the potential impact of proposed policies;[1]There are multiple estimates for the current and predicted number of climate refugees in the existing literature, but they are vastly different. Therefore, you need to support your conclusions with analysis based on your own model(s), either building off of existing analysis or with a new and independent analysis.•An explanation of how your model was used to design and/or improve your proposed policies;•An explanation, backed by your analysis, of the importance of implementing your proposed policies.The ICM-F consists of interdisciplinary judges including mathematicians, climate scientists, and experts in refugee migration to review your work. Therefore, your paper should be written for a scientifically literate yet diverse audience.Your submission should consist of:•One-page Summary Sheet•Table of Contents•Your solution of no more than 20 pages, for a maximum of 22 pages with your summary and table of contents.NOTE: Reference List and any appendices do not count toward the page limit and should appear after your completed solution. You should not make use of unauthorized images and materials whose use is restricted by copyright laws. Ensure you cite the sources for your ideas and the materials used in your report.GlossaryEnvironmentally displaced persons (EDPs): people who must relocate as their homeland becomes uninhabitable due to climate change eventsCultural heritage: the ways of living of a group or society passed through generations to include customs, practices, art, and values.ICM Problem FIssue PaperAs noted in the problem statement, several island nations are at risk of completely disappearing due to rising sea levels.[1] The issue is quite complex. It is not simply a matter of identifying how to move a certain number of people around the globe – it is also about recognizing that these people are human beings who have rights and who are the last living representatives of their unique culture. In this Issue Paper, we highlight three of the essential ideas that frame this problem: relocation decisions as they relate to human rights, nation-state responsibility, and individual choice; the tension between assimilation and accommodation as part of resettlement and cultural preservation; and time factors such as the rate of the nation disappearing, the timing of these losses aligning with a global rise in nationalism, and the difficulty in making sound predictions about the size of this issue.Relocation Decisions: Human Rights, Nation-State Responsibility, and Individual Choice Considering the relocation issue, you might think that such EDPs would have similar rights as other UN-recognized refugees, but the United Nations High Commission on Refugees (UNHCR) and the widely adopted 1967 protocol has historically only afforded rights to those who are displaced due to politically related security issues, such as ethnic or religious persecution. However, in a very recent ruling, the UN has acknowledged this issue and recognized that some EDPs might qualify as refugees.[2] Although a ruling has now been made, there is not yet a vision on how the international community should respond as these situations increase in magnitude and frequency.[3]Rights awarded to these refugees include right to work, freedom of movement, and protection by host governments. Additionally, the UNHCR, in collaboration with other aid organizations, work to provide aid and assistance to refugees until they are resettled in another country, become naturalized by their host state, or repatriate to their country of origin. Now, with this new ruling, the former inhabitants of the disappeared nation may be eligible for some of those rights or aid, but there is no hope of repatriation as the land itself is gone.Even if EDPs are eligible for rights somewhere else, it is not clear where this new home would be or who would be responsible for making that decision. There are individual and international considerations related to whether the selection of a new long-term residence is made by individuals or if the choices are made or swayed by immigration policies developed by nations in isolation or as part of a cooperative effort coordinated by the United Nations. Possible migration policies could consider the financial ability of the new nation to absorb these new individuals, but there is also discussion of setting up burden-sharing based on nations’ relative contributions (pollution) to the environmental conditions that is leading to the loss of these nations. In other words, the international community may press nations with high pollution records to contribute more to the resettlement of EDPs in some equitable manner.Resettlement and Cultural Preservation: Assimilation versus AccommodationIn terms of the cultural preservation issues, the nations that are most at risk are arguably some of the most culturally distinct in the world with languages, music, art, dances, social norms, and ways of life that can be different from island to island even within the same island chain. As a result, the loss of one of these nations could represent a significant cultural loss. While the displaced inhabitants may be able to preserve some aspects of their culture, some are geographically specific. For example, traditional ocean fishing techniques used in The MarshallIslands are unlikely to continue to be practiced by families who settle in the Alps. As another example, perhaps the language could be preserved, but this would require host nations to be more accommodating and less strict on the assimilation requirements of these special new residents who may be trying to preserve their culture in a new land. For example, France current requires refugees who resettle there to learn French, but if there were international pressure, perhaps France would waive this requirement for groups of EDPs who are trying to preserve a lost culture.This leads to a tension between accommodation and assimilation as other nations volunteer to absorb the populations of the former nations. It is important to note that it is the lack of a UN protocol for dealing with EDPs that forces other nations to volunteer to settle and naturalize those affected. In fact, the loss of a nation falls into the no-man’s land between several UN charges – the care of refugees (UNHCR), the protection of world culture (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)), and emergency aid response (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)). And while the residents of a handful of small island nations might be absorbed relatively easily by volunteer nations, the fact is that climate change has been ushering a literal wave of more frequent and more intense environmental disasters. Imagine a major tsunami taking out a nuclear power plant and causing enough other significant damage that a more heavily inhabited nation may become uninhabitable; or a place being hit by so many repeated severe storms that rebuilding was deemed unwise; or a place where climate change is making it impossible for a nation that was formerly flush with crops to provide for its people. At what point should the UN step in, and in what role?Time Factors: Raging Waves, Rising Seas, and Rising NationalismIf a nation is wiped out as a result of a rapid catastrophic event, such as a tsunami or hurricane, then there is no time to prepare, even if the country knew they were at risk of such an event. When a nation is sinking as a result of slowly rising sea levels, then there are issues about how a migration could be coordinated and planned, or even how the loss could be mitigated through land-preserving measures taken by the at-risk nation with or without international support. It is not clear how the timescale of the loss would impact, or should impact, the ultimate decisions that need to be made concerning the resettlement of a population, the protection of their human rights, and the preservation of their culture.Additionally, as the urgency to address this issue is literally rising with the sea level, the world is also experiencing a rise of nationalism, so the global response today may be very different than it would have been at other periods in history where globalism may have been more in favor than nationalism. If policies, or a lack of policies, end up pushing EDPs towards a subset of welcoming nations, then those countries may get overwhelmed and become less welcoming in response. Therefore, the changing global political climate may also be an important factor to consider.Lastly, all of these challenges make the size of this problem extremely difficult to predict. Credible studies have predicted anywhere from 140 million to one billion EDPs by 2050.[4,5] Summary:In summary, as a nation disappears, it is not clear if an international cooperative and coordinated effort should be adopted to address the loss of homes, the need to resettle, and the preservation of culture. This issue is complex, and no model or report would be able to adequately address everyaspect in detail, but excellent reports need to be aware of these different aspects and how they are interrelated. There is the aspect of human rights, which are now recognized in theory, but have never been applied in practice. There is the balance of individual choice versus policy-driven migration. Another aspect is defining equitable burden sharing which could be driven by the capacity for nations to absorb new residents and/or obligations due to contributions to climate change; specifically, whether the nations with the largest contributions to climate change have any ethical obligations to take on a higher burden in assisting climate refugees. Yet another aspect is a balance between assimilation and accommodation, as new residents preserve their culture and/or blend into their new home. Some nations may disappear slowly, such as sinking under rising sea levels or loss of the ability to produce food, while other nations may be wiped out in a catastrophic disaster; and the immediate needs and ability to plan for the long-term needs in these situations are different. Furthermore, the situation is evolving over time as climate change advances and as we see a global rise in nationalism. Lastly, all of this complexity has made it difficult to even measure the problem or predict how quickly it will escalate.Cited ReferencesNote that these are provided as citations to support claims in the Issue Paper. We have already pulled the important ideas from these resources for you, so although your team may use these sources, access to these is not required. Instead your team is encouraged to look for other sources to support your claims.[1]Letman, J. (2018, November 19). Rising seas give island nation a stark choice: relocate or elevate. National Geographic. Retrieved fromhttps:///environment/2018/11/rising-seas-force-marshall-islands- relocate-elevate-artificial-islands/.[2]Young, M. (2019, December 9). Climate Refugees Refused UN Protection & Denied Rights Under International Law. Retrieved from /2019/12/climate-refugees- refused-un-protection-denied-rights-international-law/.[3]Su, Y. (2020, January 29). UN ruling on climate refugees could be gamechanger for climate action. Retrieved from https:///2020/01/29/un-ruling-climate- refugees-gamechanger-climate-action/.[4]The World Bank Report. (2018, March 19). Climate Change Could Force Over 140-Million to Migration Within Countries by 2050. Retrieved fromhttps:///en/news/press-release/2018/03/19/climate-change-could-force-over- 140-million-to-migrate-within-countries-by-2050-world-bank-report.[5]Kamal, B. (2017, August 21). Climate Migrants Might Reach One Billion by 2050. Retrieved from /2017/08/climate-migrants-might-reach-one-billion-by-2050/.。

2020年数学建模f题
2020年数学建模比赛F题是关于"基于多源异构数据的城市交通智能调度"的题目。

这道题目主要涉及城市交通智能调度的问题，要求参赛者基于给定的数据，利用数学建模的方法，设计出能够有效解决城市交通调度问题的方案。

这道题目涉及到的主要问题包括，1. 多源异构数据的整合和分析；2. 城市交通的智能调度算法设计；3. 调度方案的有效性评估等。

参赛者需要从多个角度综合考虑，结合数学建模、算法设计、数据分析等方面的知识，提出创新性的解决方案。

针对这个题目，参赛者可以从以下几个方面展开思考和建模：
1. 数据整合和分析，如何从多个数据源（如交通流量数据、公交线路数据、出行需求数据等）中提取有效信息，进行数据清洗和整合，得到城市交通的综合数据？
2. 调度算法设计，如何设计智能的交通调度算法，以最大程度地优化城市交通的运行效率？可以考虑基于人工智能、机器学习等技术的算法设计。

3. 有效性评估，如何评估所提出的调度方案的有效性？可以考虑建立相应的评估指标，进行模拟实验和对比分析。

在解决这个题目的过程中，参赛者需要充分理解题目所涉及的城市交通调度问题的实质，结合数学建模、算法设计和数据分析等技术，提出创新性的解决方案。

同时，还需要注意模型的合理性和可行性，以及解决方案的实际应用和推广性。

因此，参赛者需要在建模过程中充分考虑到实际问题的复杂性和多样性，确保所提出的方案能够有效解决城市交通智能调度的问题。

美赛F题建模思路附代码为了防止大家的论文千篇一律，我们团队这次对F题只给出可行的提纲式思路，并且附上了比较常用方法的代码，至于其他比较高级的方法，如何出图使得论文更出彩，这就是各位买家自己该奋斗的事了，话不多说，我们首先解决一下这个“难民数量”的问题。

对于这个问题，很容易知道是和海平面数据直接挂钩的，那首先可以做这样一件事情：(1)直接对海平面数据做预测，直到危险国被浸没；(2)对危险国人口数建立简单的人口增长模型，（死亡率、出生率可见数据）预测年份同(1)；(3)对目前已有的人口流出数据做预测，预测年份同(1)；(4)通过(2),(3),作差可以得到在一直不安排撤离的情况下，最后时刻危险国上有多少难民。

(5)通过数据中年龄结构的构成，以及平均年龄的计算，不难得出现存在危险国的难民数量附上灰色函数预测代码(可预测海平面)：灰色函数：syms a bc=[a,b]';A=[];%导入海平面高度数据B=cumsum(A);n=length(A);for i=1:n-1C(i)=(B(i)+B(i+1))/2;endD=A;D(1)=[]; D=D';E=[-C;ones(1,n-1)];c=inv(E*E')*E*D;c=c';a=c(1);b=c(2);F=[]; F(1)=A(1);for i=2:n+nF(i)=(A(1)-b/a)/exp(a*(i-1))+b/a;endG=[];G(1)=A(1);for i=2:n+nG(i)=F(i)-F(i-1);endt1=1999:2008; t2=1999:2018;%改为对应年份plot(t1,A,'o',t2,G)G1=G(:,[1:n]);E=A-G1;q1=E./A;q=sum(q1)/10 m1=mean(A);s1=var(A);m2=mean(E);s2=var(E); C=s2/s1E1=abs(E-m2);E2=0.6745*s1;cout = 0; %求小误差概率for i = 1:length(E1)if E1(i)<E2cout = cout+1;elsecout = cout;endendP = cout / n; P附上精度表人口增长模型是常见的微分方程模型，请自行前往CSDN寻找代码，或自行编写。

2015年：A题一个国际性组织声称他们研发出了一种能够阻止埃博拉，并治愈隐性病毒携带者的新药。

建立一个实际、敏捷、有效的模型，不仅考虑到疾病的传播、药物的需求量、可能的给药措施、给药地点、疫苗或药物的生产速度，而且考虑你们队伍认为重要的、作为模型一部分的其他因素，用于优化埃博拉的根除，或至少缓解目前（治疗）的紧张压力。

除了竞赛需要的建模方案以外，为世界医学协会撰写一封1-2页的非技术性的发言稿，以便其公告使用。

B题回顾马航MH370失事事件。

建立一个通用的数学模型，用以帮助失联飞机的搜救者们规划一个有效的搜索方案。

失联飞机从A地飞往B地，可能坠毁在了大片水域（如大西洋、太平洋、印度洋、南印度洋、北冰洋）中。

假设被淹没的飞机无法发出信号。

你们的模型需要考虑到，有很多种不同型号的可选的飞机，并且有很多种搜救飞机，这些搜救飞机通常使用不同的电子设备和传感器。

此外，为航空公司撰写一份1-2页的文件，以便在其公布未来搜救进展的新闻发布会上发表。

2014美赛A题翻译问题一:通勤列车的负载问题在中央车站,经常有许多的联系从大城市到郊区的通勤列车“通勤”线到达。

大多数火车很长(也许10个或更多的汽车长)。

乘客走到出口的距离也很长，有整个火车区域。

每个火车车厢只有两个出口,一个靠近终端, 因此可以携带尽可能多的人。

每个火车车厢有一个中心过道和过道两边的座椅，一边每排有两个座椅，另一边每排有三个座椅。

走出这样一个典型车站,乘客必须先出火车车厢,然后走入楼梯再到下一个级别的出站口。

通常情况下这些列车都非常拥挤,有大量的火车上的乘客试图挤向楼梯，而楼梯可以容纳两列人退出。

大多数通勤列车站台有两个相邻的轨道平台。

在最坏的情况下,如果两个满载的列车同时到达,所有的乘客可能需要很长时间才能到达主站台。

建立一个数学模型来估计旅客退出这种复杂的状况到达出站口路上的时间。

假设一列火车有n个汽车那么长,每个汽车的长度为d。

站台的长度是p,每个楼梯间的楼梯数量是q。