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北京科技大学
2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
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试题编号：357试题名称：英语翻译基础（共3页）
适用专业：翻译
说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
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一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）
IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)
GNP(Gross National Product)
Gini coefficient
carbon tax
resource recycling
quantitative easing
genetically modified food
urbanization ratio
核心竞争力
资源配置
绿色增长
可燃冰
社交网络
雾霾
碳交易
二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）
In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that he
initiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.
Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.
三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）
Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.
Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.
Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access than
