外研版必修三Unit2知识点详析和练习(有答案)

［教材优化全析］Introduction1.disease[C]&[U] 疾病，弊病。

例如：He is suffering from heart disease.他患有心脏病。

He has a family disease.他患有遗传病。

prevent a disease 预防疾病a disease of the mind 心病disease of society 社会弊端cation [C]&[U] 教育，教育学。

例如：Education is given to children by the government.政府提供对儿童的教育。

She has had a good education.她受过良好教育。

How do they get an education?他们怎么样才能受到教育呢?3.hunger [U] 饥饿。

例如：There is hunger in all the places where the crop was spoilt by the flood.庄稼遭受水灾毁坏的地方都在闹饥荒。

He satisfied his hunger with everything in the refrigerator.他把冰箱内的所有东西拿来充饥。

4.poverty [U] 贫穷，贫困。

例如：She has lived in poverty all her life.她一生都过着贫困的生活。

Poverty prevented the boy from continuing his education.贫穷使那个男孩无法继续读书。

Reading and vocabulary1.From the agreement came the Human Development Report.在这样一个协议的基础上，形成了人类发展报告。

本句是一个倒装句。

介词短语放于句首，句子完全倒装。

考点分布备考指南1.重点单词如measure, position, figure的识记、理解、固定搭配。

词汇和短语的理解和记忆不是孤立的，需要结合具体的句子和语境进行准确理解，掌握其基本用法和固定搭配。

同时要对所学单词和短语进行多方面的应用，及时复习巩固。

2.词性转化、固定搭配在语法填空、短文改错中的考查。

3.重点短语如up to, be close to, make efforts等的理解及应用。

hunger n ['hʌŋɡə]饥饿income n ['inkʌm] 收入poverty n ['pɔvəti] 贫穷human n ['hju:mən]（与动物等对比的）人development n [di'veləpmənt]发展index n ['indeks] 指数measure vt ['meʒə] 测定；测量；评估goal n [ɡəul]目标expectancy n [ik'spektənsi] 预期数额position n [pəˈzɪʃn] 位置educate vt ['edju:keit] 教育；培养；训练figure n ['fiɡə] 数字household n ['haushəuld] 一家人；家庭homeless adj ['həumlis] 无家可归的charity n ['tʃærəti] 慈善团体crowded adj ['kraudid] 拥挤的freeway n ['fri:wei] 高速公路inhabitant n [in'hæbitənt] 居民similarity n [,simi'læriti] 类似；相似unfortunate adj [,ʌn'fɔ:tʃənət] 不幸的；遗憾的location n [ləu'keiʃən] 位置；所在地tourism n ['tuərizəm] 旅游业transport n [træns'pɔ:t;] 交通工具industrial adj [in'dʌstriəl] 工业的polluted adj [pə'lju:tid] 受到污染的smart adj [smɑ:t]漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的vast adj [vɑ:st,]巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的entertainment n [,entə'teinmənt] 娱乐exchange n [iks'tʃeindʒ] 交换M2短语专题解读知识清单单词和短语必修三M2M2单词表at the top of 在……顶端at the bottom of 在……底部make effort 努力be connected with 与……有联系be close to 接近；靠近项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1.income n.收入 2.measure vt. 测定；测量；评估3.position n. 位置4.figure n. 数字5.homeless adj. 无家可归的6.hunger n.饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的7.poverty n.贫穷→poor adj.贫穷的8.development n.发展→develop v.发展→developin g adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的cate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n.教育10.crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n.人群11.similarity n.类似；相似→similar adj.相似的→similarly adv.相似地；同样地12.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地13.tourism n.旅游业→tour v.& n.旅游；游览14.transport n.交通工具→transportation n.交通；运输15.industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业16.polluted adj.受到污染的→pollute v.污染→pollution n.污染17.entertainment n.娱乐→entertain vt.使欢乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的18.location n.位置；所在地→locate vt.使坐落于→located adj.位于重点短语1.up to达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定 2.at the top/bottom of在……顶端/底部3.make sure 确定；弄明白 4.make progress 取得进步5.make efforts 努力6.in particular 尤其；特别7.be connected with 与……有联系；与……有关8.be close to 接近；靠近9.such as 像，诸如10.as a result 因此，结果单元知识预览重点单词短语精讲1.measure v.测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等) n.尺寸；措施[教材原句]What does the Human Development Index measure?人类发展指数测定的是什么？be measured by/in用……来衡量make ... to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事[例句研读]①To welcome the school anniversary, our school has made new suits to our measure.为迎接校庆，学校为我们定做了新西装。

Unit 2 高考真题汇编-知识点一、教材原句：In the year 2000, 147 world leaders to work together to reduce poverty by 2015 or earlier.在2000年，来自世界各国的147位领导人一致同意共同努力到2015年或在更早的时间减少贫困。

【句法分析】本句是一个简单句。

动词不定式短语to reduce poverty...作目的状语, to可换为in order to或so as to；in order to引导目的状语时，可放在句首或句中，而so as to只能放在句中，考点1：reduce vt.缩小，减少The police are making efforts to reduce traffic accidents.警方正在努力戒少交通事故。

（词汇复现记忆法）考点2：【辨析】reduce to 与reduce by【一言辨异】She reduced her weight by 6 kilos. That is to say，she reduced her weight from 78 kilos to 72 kilos.她的体重减少了6千克。

也就是说，她的体重从78千克减少到72千克。

试题1：(2013辽宁高考改编，30)We are confident that the environment_______ will be improved by our further efforts to ________ ________.答案：reduce pollution解析：环境得到改善应该是将来的事情，故用一般将来时的被动语态。

【高考解密】把握住一点：“表增减意义的供词+by”短语表示“增减的幅度”，而“表增减意义的动词+to“短语表示”增减后的具体数字”。

试题2：(2013江苏高考)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.A. reducingB. reducedC. being reducedD. having reduced答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。

Module 2综合技能测试第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

When I opened my eyes in the morning，something was different.It was light. I jumped up to look outside and sighed 16.________ disappointment.Fine snow covered the yard，dusted the top of my truck and whitened the road. But that wasn‟t the 17.________ (bad)part. All the rain from yesterday 18.________(freeze) solid coating the needles on the trees in fantastic patterns，and 19.________ (make) the driveway very slippery. I had enough trouble not falling down when the ground was dry；it might be safer for me to go back to bed now.But my students were waiting for me.I almost lost my balance when I finally got to the truck，but I managed to hold on to the side mirror and saved 20.________.My truck seemed to have no problem with the ice that covered the road. I drove very slowly，21.________，not wanting to carve a path of destruction through Main Street.When I got out of my truck at school，something silver caught my eye and I suddenly realized 22.________ I had so little trouble. There were criss-crossed chains in diamond shapes around the tires.My new neighbour，23.________ name I didn‟t even know，had got up who knows how early to put snow chains on my tr uck. My throat suddenly felt tight. I wasn‟t used to 24.________(take) care of like that and it was at this moment 25.________ his unspoken concern caught me by surprise.16．解析：in/with disappointment表示“失望地”。

［教材习题研讨］方法点拨READING AND VOCABULARY[P11] Exercise 2cation2.poverty3.disease4.hunger5.income6.developed country7.developing countryREADING AND VOCABULARY[P13] Exercise 31.measure2.human development report3.encouraging4.list5.leader6.goal7.reduce，increase8.efforts，improved[P13] Exercise 51.（a）2.（b）3.（a）4.（b）GRAMMAR[P14] Exercise 21.In a developed country，people have nice clothes to wear but in a poor country，people have few clothes.2.In a developed country，most people have a home but in a poor country，a much larger percentage of the population is homeless.3.In a developed country，one can get good medical care but in a poor country，there is often no money for care.4.In a developed country，people have small families but in a poor country，the families are larger.[P15] Exercise 41.Although developed countries are rich，they don’t give enough financial help to developing countries.2.Europe has a lot of industry while Africa does not have much.3.In some parts of Europe，incomes are high while in other parts they are much lower.4.Although there is poverty in this area，people are happier than in the city.5.Some children receive a good education while others never go to school at all.6.Although life expectancy is still low，it has improved in the last ten years.VOCABULARY AND LISTENING[P16] Exercise 11.crowded/fascinating2.huge3.similarity4.unfortunate5.inhabitants6.freewayFUNCTION[P17] Exercise 11.many；fewer2.much；less[P17] Exercise 21.less2.many3.a lot/many4.less5.much[P18] Everyday English1.（a）2.（a）3.（b）4.（b）5.（b）注意准确把握所给单词的含义。

Module 2Developing and Developed Countries一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．human n．(与动物等对比的)人2．index n. 指数3．expectancy n. (根据概率得出的)预期数额4．household n. 一家人；家庭[第二屏听写]5．charity n．慈善团体6．freeway n. 高速公路7．vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．hunger n．饥饿2．income n. 收入3．poverty n. 贫穷4．development n. 发展5．measure vt. 测定；测量；评估[第四屏听写]6．goal n．目标7．position n. 位置8．educate vt. 教育；培养；训练9．figure n. 数字10．homeless adj. 无家可归的[第五屏听写]11．crowded adj. 拥挤的12．inhabitant n. 居民13．similarity n. 类似；相似14．unfortunate adj. 不幸的；遗憾的15．location n. 位置；所在地[第六屏听写]16．tourism n．旅游业17．transport n. 交通工具18．industrial adj. 工业的19．polluted adj. 受到污染的20．smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的[第七屏听写]21．entertainment n．娱乐22．exchange n. 交换23．at_the_top_of 在……顶端24．at_the_bottom_of 在……底部[第八屏听写]25．make_efforts 努力26．be_connected_with 与……有联系；与……有关27．be_close_to 接近；靠近二、刷清单——热身自盘点(再过基本应用关)(一)核心单词。

外研版（2019）高中英语必修三Unit 2 知识点总结一、重点语法知识讲解：1.All can do is (to)do---我能做的是---当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to . all I can do=all that I can do=what I can do ;all 后接that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可以省略，all that---=what---eg.All I can do is ride a tricycle and make money for the students---2.动名词短语+is+what引导的表语从句；动名词短语用作主语，谓语动词用单数形式what---=all that---=the things that---=anything that---结论：what引导的名词性从句=先行词+that引导的定语从句eg. Knowing that the kids now have money for school is what keeps me going and gives me more energy.3.so---that---:如此---以至于---so后接形容词或副词，such后接名词；so/such---置于句首时，该句用部分倒装，that---不倒装eg. So well have the kids done that they deserve our praise and thanks.so---that只引导结果状语从句so that 引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句4.not only---but also---不仅---而且---，谓语应和后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，遵循就近原则；not only位于句首时，not only 后要用部分倒装but also不倒装eg. Not only do the teachers have their own ideas on the matter ,but the students have theirs too.5.have/has been doing:表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。

考点分布备考指南1.重点单词如measure, position, figure的识记、理解、固定搭配。

词汇和短语的理解和记忆不是孤立的，需要结合具体的句子和语境进行准确理解，掌握其基本用法和固定搭配。

同时要对所学单词和短语进行多方面的应用，及时复习巩固。

2.词性转化、固定搭配在语法填空、短文改错中的考查。

3.重点短语如up to, be close to, make efforts等的理解及应用。

hunger n ['hʌŋɡə]饥饿income n ['inkʌm] 收入poverty n ['pɔvəti] 贫穷human n ['hju:mən]（与动物等对比的）人development n [di'veləpmənt]发展index n ['indeks] 指数measure vt ['meʒə] 测定；测量；评估goal n [ɡəul]目标expectancy n [ik'spektənsi] 预期数额position n [pəˈzɪʃn] 位置educate vt ['edju:keit] 教育；培养；训练figure n ['fiɡə] 数字household n ['haushəuld] 一家人；家庭homeless adj ['həumlis] 无家可归的charity n ['tʃærəti] 慈善团体crowded adj ['kraudid] 拥挤的freeway n ['fri:wei] 高速公路inhabitant n [in'hæbitənt] 居民similarity n [,simi'læriti] 类似；相似unfortunate adj [,ʌn'fɔ:tʃənət] 不幸的；遗憾的location n [ləu'keiʃən] 位置；所在地tourism n ['tuərizəm] 旅游业transport n [træns'pɔ:t;] 交通工具industrial adj [in'dʌstriəl] 工业的polluted adj [pə'lju:tid] 受到污染的smart adj [smɑ:t]漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的vast adj [vɑ:st,]巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的entertainment n [,entə'teinmənt] 娱乐exchange n [iks'tʃeindʒ] 交换M2短语专题解读知识清单单词和短语必修三M2M2单词表at the top of 在……顶端at the bottom of 在……底部make effort 努力be connected with 与……有联系be close to 接近；靠近项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1.income n.收入 2.measure vt. 测定；测量；评估3.position n. 位置4.figure n. 数字5.homeless adj. 无家可归的6.hunger n.饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的7.poverty n.贫穷→poor adj.贫穷的8.development n.发展→develop v.发展→developin g adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的cate vt.教育；培养；训练→education n.教育10.crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n.人群11.similarity n.类似；相似→similar adj.相似的→similarly adv.相似地；同样地12.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地13.tourism n.旅游业→tour v.& n.旅游；游览14.transport n.交通工具→transportation n.交通；运输15.industrial adj.工业的→industry n.工业16.polluted adj.受到污染的→pollute v.污染→pollution n.污染17.entertainment n.娱乐→entertain vt.使欢乐→entertaining adj.使人愉快的18.location n.位置；所在地→locate vt.使坐落于→located adj.位于重点短语1.up to达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定 2.at the top/bottom of在……顶端/底部3.make sure 确定；弄明白 4.make progress 取得进步5.make efforts 努力6.in particular 尤其；特别7.be connected with 与……有联系；与……有关8.be close to 接近；靠近9.such as 像，诸如10.as a result 因此，结果单元知识预览重点单词短语精讲1.measure v.测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等) n.尺寸；措施[教材原句]What does the Human Development Index measure?人类发展指数测定的是什么？be measured by/in用……来衡量make ... to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事[例句研读]①To welcome the school anniversary, our school has made new suits to our measure.为迎接校庆，学校为我们定做了新西装。

Ⅰ.萃1._______ n.→ hungry adj.的2._______ n.→ poor adj.的3．develop __________v.展；成；开；冲洗照片adj.展中的→________adj.→ __________达的n.展→4．educate v.教育→________n.教育5.________ adj. 无家可的→ home n. 家6．similarity n.似→________adj .似的→________adv.似地7.________adj . 的→ crowdv. & . ；人群，群众n8.___________ adj . 不幸的，可惜的→ fortunate adj. 幸运的→ ____________ adv.不幸地；可惜地→ ________ n. 运气，富9.________n.运，交通工具 v．运→transportation n.运，交通工具；运10.________ adj . 染的→ pollute v. 染→ ________ n. 染Ⅱ.短1．同意做⋯⋯10．鼓励某人做某事2．在⋯⋯ 端agree to do⋯at the top of3．在⋯⋯底部at the bottom of4．减至；减少到reduce to5．以⋯⋯幅度增加increase by make progress6．取得步make efforts to do7．努力做某事be close toof similar size and age8．靠近；接近encourage sb. to do sth9．大小和年相似Ⅲ.佳句再1．Norway is ___________the list, _______ the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国位列第七。

2．The report shows that we are ____________________ but that we need to_________________. 告示：我正在步，但是我必做出更大的努力。

外研版高一英语必修3 Module 2 知识点总结及练习1.make efforts to do努力做2.be connected with和。

有关系3.close to接近、靠近4.die of hunger饿死5.go hungry挨饿6.with the development of…随着。

的发展7.take measures to do采取措施做。

8.developing countries发展中国家developed countries发达国家9.for a long period of time很长一段时间10.have/receive an education接受教育11.up to高达。

12.improve the environment 改善环境13.drinking water饮用水14.encourage...to do鼓励。

做。

15.give more help to给予更多帮助16.give examples举例17.in the past ten years在过去的十年18.move out of poverty摆脱贫困19.go to primary school上小学20.get medical care享受医疗保健21.in particular尤其是。

22.collect money筹款，募捐23.for oneself为某人自己24.be willing to do自愿做。

25.in recent years最近几年26.be useful for对。

有用27.run through the town流经小城28.increase …by增加了。

29.make some progress取得进步30.cities of similar size and age大小差不多的城市31.How do you find it?=What do you think of it?=What is your opinion about it?你认为。