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直接引语变间接引语

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直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语,要注意以下几点:1. 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语的方法将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后也可省略)。

如：He said, “I want to buy a dictionary.” →He said (that) he wanted to buy a dictionary.注：(1) 若引述动词用的是say to sb这样的句型，则通常改为tell sb：：“I hope you can come,” he said to me. →He told me that he hoped I could go. (2) 若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，要注意在第二个宾语从句前加连词that：He said, “I am tired and I want to have a rest.”→He said that he was tired and that he wanted to have a rest.在此种情况下，引导第一个宾语从句的that在此种情况下，引导第一个有时可以省略，但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略，以免误解。

2,直接引语是一般,选择或反问疑问句,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if 引导.将直接引语变为由if 或whether if 引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：“Have you been there?” he asked. →He asked if I had been there.注：(1) 改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2) 若直接引语的引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等：“Do you like it?” he said. →He asked if [whether] I liked it.(3)大多数情况下,if ,whether 可以互换,但句中出现or not,或放在介词后作连接词,只用whether.例如:She asked whether he could do it or not.. They cried out whether he was all right.3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语的方法将直接引语变为由“疑问词” who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where等引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后：He said, “Jim, when is the next train?” →He asked Jim when the next train was.注：(1) 改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2) 若直接引语的引述动词为say，改成间接引语应将其改为ask等：He said, “Where is the station?”→He asked where the station was.”4. (1)直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如："Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.(2)直接引语如果是以“Let…s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。

”如：He said, "Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.5. 一些注意事项(1) 变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。

如：1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。

"→She said he would go to see his friend。

注意: 在以下几种情况下。

在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

如：Jack said. "John, where were you going whe n I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。

" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：He said, "I get up at six every morning。

" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。

如：Peter said. "You had better come have today。

" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

(2)直接引语变间接引语时, 指示代词,时间,地点状语作相应的变化.例:this—that , these—those, ago—before, here---therenow 现在→ then 那时，当时/ today 今天→ that day 那天/ tonight 今晚→that night 那天晚上this week (month, year) 本周(本月,今年)→ that week (month, year) 上周(上个月，去年)yesterday 昨天→the day before 前一天/ the day before yesterday 前天→ two days before 前两天last week (month, year) 上周(上个月,去年) →the week (month, year) before 前一周(前一个月，前一年)( two days (years) ago 两天(年)前 two days (years) before 两天前tomorrow 明天→ the next day 第二天 / next week (month, year) 下周(下个月,明年) → the next week (month, year) 第二个星期(月，年)注：以上变化有时应视情况而定①若在当时转述，now不必改为then；若在当天转述，today, yesterday, tomorrow等不必改为that day, the day before, the next day等；若在当周转述，this week, last week 不必改为that week, the last week；若在当年转述，this year, last year 不必改为that year, the last year等。

②若场所和地点不发生改变，this和that、here和there、come和go、bring和take也可不变。

(3)直接引语是复合句,以since, when, while 引导的状语从句,变成间接引语时, 只改变主句的时态,不改变从句的时态.例如:He said : "Jim is doing his homework when his father came in."He said that Jim was doing his homework when his father came in.(4)间接引语一定要用陈述句的语序,即主,谓,宾的顺序.例如: They asked: " where are you from "→They asked where you were from.(5) 引语中人称的变化“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。

或被第二人你所修饰。

从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。

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(详细版)直接引语变间接引语

(详细版)直接引语变间接引语


4.直接引语是祈使句
间接引语应改为 “Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型 。
"Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the studen →She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. “Open the door, please," said she. →She asked him to open the door. The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” →The teacher told the students to stop talking. “Don’t touch anything.” He said. →He told us not to touch anything.
指示代词this, Nhomakorabeathese
时 间 状 语
now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month
The day after tomorrow
地点状语
方向性动词
直接引语变间接引语面面观
一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语 是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中 主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” →She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语 是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主 句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称 ，如：
直接引语变间接引语

直接引语变间接引语

直接引语和间接引语：在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。

在书写时,直接引语用引号。

用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。

凡是疑问句的直接引语均不可用that来引导:⑥加引导词if/whether(另：选择疑问句加引导词whether……or)1．2．“Will you stay at school or go home this summer vacation, Tom?”said the Mary.玛丽问：“汤姆，今年暑假你留校还是回家？”(直接引语) Mary asked Tom whether he would stay at school or went home that summer vacation. (间接引语)直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语多用“名词（代词）＋不定式”结构，.直接引语是否定式，not加在to前部。

即主语+asked(advised, told, advised, ordered, begged, commanded, warned…)+sb.+(not) to do sth.”1．“Copy down this sentence and keep it in mind, please.”said the old teacher. (直接引语) The old teacher told us to copy down that sentence and keep it in mind. (间接引语)“把这个句子抄下来，并把它记住，”那位老师说。

2．“Don’t do that again, boys.”Said the old man. (直接引语)The old man advised the boys not to do that again. (间接引语) “别再做那种事，男孩子们，”那位长辈说。

3．有些表示“提议，建议，要求，劝告”的祈使句，尤其是Let引导的祈使句，改为间接引语时可用suggest, insist, offer等动词或“should+动词原形”加以转述。

直接引语变间接引语

直接引语变间接引语

直接引语变间接引语在转达别人的话时，可以用两种办法：一种是把别人的话原封不动地加以引用，被引用部分就称为直接引语；另一种是用自己的话转述别人的话称为间接引语。

如：He said: “I’m busy with my work.” （直接引语）He said that he was busy with his work. （间接引语）直接引语变为间接引语时要记住“三连”、“三变”。

一、“三连”：1. 如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语的开头用连词that 来引导，但口语中常可省略。

“I don’t want anything,” the boy said.The boy said(that)he didn’t want anything.2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语的开头用连词if(whether) 来引导，并把疑问语序变为陈述语序。

如直接引语是特殊疑问句，仍用原来的特殊疑问词来引导间接引语。

H e asked me “Do you want to go?”He asked me if(whether) I wanted to go.“Which book do you want?” she asked me.She asked me which book I wanted.3. 直接引语是祈使句，用不定式符号to连接间接引语。

如直接引语是否定祈使句，则用not to 连接。

M other said to me, “Come back before 10:00.”Mother told me to come back before 10:00.The teacher said to us, “Don’t be late for the meeting.”The teacher told us not to be late for the meeting.二、“三变”：1.人称代词变化：直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换第三人称；第二人称一般转换为第一人称；第三人称保持不变。

直接引语和间接引语的转化

直接引语和间接引语的转化

语法核心突破直接引语变间接引语:定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化1.陈述句变为以that 引导的宾语从句例如：He said, “I'm very glad.” →He said that he was very glad.2.一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。

例如：He said, “Can you come this afternoon,John?”→He asked whether (if) John could come that afternoon.3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句例如：He said, “Where is Mr.Wang?” →He asked where Mr. Wang was.二、人称的变化【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则，例如：“I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said.→Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.“I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her.→He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.She said to me, “Your pro nunciation is better than his.”→She told me that my pronunciation was better than his.三、.时态变化主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态时态的变化例句一般现在时→一般过去时She said, “I need a calculator.”→She said that she needed a calculator.现在进行时→过去进行时Jim said, “I’m expecting a long distance call.”→Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call.一般将来时→Nancy said, “I’ll call again later.”过去将来时→Nancy said that she would call again later. 一般过去时→过去完成时He said, “I took it home with me.” →He said that he had taken it home with him. 现在完成时→过去完成时Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” →Paul said that their team had won the match. 过去完成时→过去完成时He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化变化形式 例句 指示代词 this → that She said, “She is coming this week.” →She said that she was coming that week. these → thoseHe said, “These books are mine.” →He said those books were his.时间状语 语now →thenHe said, “It ’s ten o ’clock now.” →He said that it was ten o ’clock then. today → that dayHe said, “I haven ’t seen her today.”→He said that he hadn ’t seen her that day. tonight →that night She said, “I’ll come again tonight.” →She said that she would go again that night. yesterday →the day beforeHe said, “This happened yesterday.” →He said that had happened the day before. three days ago → three days before She said, “I arrived two days ago.” →She said that she had arrived two days before. tomorrow → the next day the following day She said, “He ’ll be back tomorrow.” →She said that he would be back the next day.next week →the next week She said, “I’ll do it next week.” →She said that she would do it the next week.地点状语here→thereShe said, “He came here to see Tom.”→She said that he had gone there to see Tom.动词come/bring→go/takeHe said, “I brought it home with me.”→He said he had taken it home with him.【拓展延伸】直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况①主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变化例如：He says, “I’m tired.”→He says that he is tired.He will say, “The boy was lazy.”→He will tell you that the boy was lazy.②当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间的限制，因此不需要变化时态。