英语知识及练习(初一上)
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人教版七年级英语上册Unit3 Is this your pencil?单元知识总结归纳及同步练习题(附答案)Unit3 Is this your pencil?单元知识总结归纳1. 人称代词和物主代词1) 人称代词作主语时用主格;作宾语时用宾格;作表语时用主格或宾格,但在口语中常用宾格。
① I(作主语)am hungry, please give me(作宾语)something to eat. 我饿了,请给我一些吃的东西。
② I like her, and she likes me , too. 我喜欢她,她也喜欢我。
③ Who told him that news? 谁告诉他那个消息的?④It’s me/I. 是我。
2) 并列人称代词的排列顺序:人称代词在并列使用时,单数的顺序是第二人称→第三人称→第一人称;复数的顺序是第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。
you, he, and I 你,我,他you and I我和你he and I 我和他you and he 你和他we and you 我们和你们you and they 你们和他们we, you and they我们,你们和他们3) 形容词性物主代词修饰名词,必须放在名词前面,相当于形容词,在句中作定语。
名词性物主代词相当于名词(即指代名词,后面不能再加名词),在句中作主语、表语或宾语。
This is your ruler, it is not mine.这是你的尺子,不是我的。
2. Is this/that...? 这/那是......吗?Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 是的,这/那(它)是。
/ 不,这/那(它)不是。
回答时,要用it来代替this和that。
不可回答Yes, this/that is. / No, this/that isn’t.1)Is this your pencil ?这是你的铅笔吗?Yes, it is. It’s mine是的,它是我的(铅笔)。
、重点单词:Where [we?] adv.在哪里where 在哪里(经常放在句首,对地点的提问),注意其与is的缩写形式。
例题精讲:My book is on the table 。
(对划线部分提问)?Where' [w e z] 在哪里(=where is)table ['teib ?l] n.桌子;表格bed [bed] n.床dresser ['dres?] n.梳妆台,化妆台un der the dresser在梳妆台下case [keis] n.箱子,盒子bookcase ['bukkeis] n.书橱on the bookcase 在书柜上sofa ['s?uf?] n.沙发chair[t ?e?] n.椅子draw er[dr?:]n.抽屉in the drawer在抽屉里plant[pl a nt] v.种植n.植物(注意它为可数名词,直接加s即可)plantsunde r['?nd?]prep.在...之下un der the desk/sofa/chairthey [eei] pron.他(她、它)们(主格)宀(宾格)themon [? n] prep.在…之上;关于;在短语:put on 穿上on foot 步行例句:我步行去上学。
don't [dont ] =do notknow [n ?u] v.知道;了解;认识短语:know about..…知道关于..… 的I know about the money 我知道钱的事。
I know about Obamabag [b? q n.包math [m? 0] n.数学clock [kl ?k] n.时钟alarm clock [?l a m kl ?k] n.闹钟need an alarm clock 需要一个闹钟。
video ['vidi ??] n.视频,录像CD (二compact disc) ['si:'di:] n.光盘tap e[teip]n.录音带video tape ['vidi ?u teip] 录像带hat[h?t] n.帽子to[tu:] prep.到,向tak e [teik] v.拿,取;花费;搭乘(take the bus 搭公车)重点短语:1、take.....to....将.... 带到.....|(注意是介词to,to表示方向)例句:请把这本书带到学校Please例句: Hurry up,the pla ne take off soon 快点,飞机快起飞了。
一、知识点1 按顺序默写26个英文字母(大小写形式都要写出来)。
二、知识点2 重点单词及短语1. Good morning ! 早上好!2. Good afternoon ! 下午好!3.Good evening ! 晚上好!4.How are you! 你身体好吗?5. I’m fine. 我身体很好。
6. Thanks! 谢谢!同Thank you7.I’m Ok. 我身体很好。
例题:早晨见面向某人问好时,应说:“_______________”。
A. HiB. Hello!C. Good morning!D. Good afternoon!解析:早晨见面问好应该说“Good morning”,故选C选项。
练习:()1.晚上见面向某人问好时,应说:“______________”。
A. Good morning !B. Good afternoon !C. Good evening !!D. Good night !()2.--How are you,Mary?-- _______ Jack.A. Good eveningB. Thank youC. I’m fine, thanks.D. How are you ?()3. You’re fine. I’m fine, too.A. goodB. OkC. niceD. bad()4. --You look (看起来) beautiful(漂亮的)today.--_____________.A. You too.B. No, I’m not.C. Thank youD. Not yet.8.in English用英语9.an orange一个橙子10.a ruler 一把尺子11.it's(=it is)它是12.Spell it.拼写一下它13.What's this?这是什么?14.what color 什么颜色15.black and white黑色和白色的;黑白相间的例题:What’s this _____________. ( 用英语)解析:in English用英语练习:()1. What's this _________ English?A. onB. inC. toD. for()2.-What's that?-It's a jacket.一_________it,please.-J-A-C-K-E-T.A. SayB. SpeakC. WriteD. Spell()3.-_________this?一It's a quiltA.How isB. What'sC. How areD. What are()4.-What color is the cow(奶牛)?--It’s__________________A. black or whiteB. black but whiteC. black and whiteD. black , white二、知识点3 重点句型及语法this和that的运用(1)this和that都是指示代词this意为“这;这个”,指近处或距说话人近的人或that意为“那;那个”,指远处或距说话人远的人或事物。
七年级英语上册Start Unit 1 Good morning!1、Good morning! 早上好!Good afternoon!下午好!Good evening!晚上好!其回答都是其本身。
2、Nice to meet you ! 回答是:Nice to meet you ! 或Nice to meet you ,too!3、How do you do? 答语仍然是:How do you do?4、How are you? 答语是:Fine./I'm fine./I'm OK.Thanks.And you?5、动词be的一般现在时态:我(I)用am ,你(you)用are,is连着他(he)她(she)它(it)。
单数名词用is,复数名词全部都用are。
变否定,很简单,在be后把not加。
变疑问,be前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变特疑,特殊疑问词加上一般疑问句。
Start Unit 2 What's this in English?1、this“这,这个”指示代词,用来指代距离较近的单个的人或物。
反义是that,用来指代距离比较远的单个的人或物。
this的复数是these;that的复数是those。
含有this/that把this/that提句首,其肯定回答是:Yes,it is.否定回答是:No,it isn't.含有these/those把these/those提句首,其肯定回答是:Yes,they are.否定回答是:No,they aren't.2、in+语言\声音\方式,“用......语言(声音、方式)” 例如:in English“用英语”3、a+辅音音素开头的单词或字母(读音)an+元音音素开头的单词或字母(读音)4、What's this in English? 回答是:It's a/an+可数名词单数。
5、What're these in English? 回答是:They are+可数名词复数或不可数名词。
Unit 1-3my name is clock watch I am nice to meet you what your hello hi his and her question answer look first first name=given name full name last last name=family nameTom Smith 汤姆·史密斯西方:称呼为uncle Tom ;Mr Smith中国人:Li Ming :Li 是last?name;Ming是first?name。
称呼为uncle Li;Mr Li boy girl zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten telephone number phone it card family this these例子:(五个元音字母:Aa Ee Ii Oo U u )(a 加辅音音素开头的单词或字母an 加元音音素开头的单词或字母)(an eraser\an English book\a girl\a boy\a card\a book \a dictionary)He that those pencil pen book eraser ruler computer game case pencil-case backpack pencil-sharpener dictionary yes no not isn’t aren’t excuse me thank OK in English a how do spell baseball key notebook ring call at lost found lost and found please school a set of sister mother father parent brother grandmother grandfather are she he aunt son cousin daughter uncle picture dear for thanks for photo here知识点1、定冠词:1)特指双方都明白的人或物。
知识点梳理(一)词汇:1.数词: 21-101 注意: A.forty.eighty; B.读音.~tee..~ty2.名词: 可数名词与不可数名词的划分3.词形变换:als.(同义词)—— too .eac.(同义词)——everykil.(复数)—— kilos . watc.(复数)—— watches mous.(复数)—— mice .expensiv.(同义词)—— dear waite.(对应词)—— waitress . tr.(第三人称单数)—— tries sel.(反义词)—— buy(二)词语与短语:1.try on 试穿2.look nice 看起来很漂亮3.bu.sth.fo.sb..bu.sb.sth.给某人买……4.sel..buy.for…以…价出售.购买5.too long太长too heavy太重6.running shoes跑鞋7.make a shopping list 列购物清单8.run over to…跑到…9.two bags of salt 两包盐two kilos of eggs 两公斤鸡蛋six bottles of milk 六瓶牛奶a bag of rice 一袋米10.pick up购买11.How many+可数复数名词;How much+不可数名词“多少”on the fourth floor 在第四层楼12.Thanks anyway = Thanks all the same. 仍然感谢。
13.Don't worry. 别担心。
(三)功能话题1.购物用语:服务员或营业员: Wha.ca..d.fo.you? Ca..Ma..Coul..hel.you?回答: Yes.please.I'.lik.(t.bu..… .wan..t.bu..…I'.lookin.for… D.yo.have…?2.谈论事物: How do you like…? = What do you think of…?How do you look in this dress? Not bad. How do the pants fit? They're too long. 询问价格:How much is +主语(单数或不可数)? How much are +主语(复数)?How much do you want for something?3.讨论价格: Ho..Wha.abou.thirt.yuan?That'.to.expensive. It'..goo.price. Th.pric.i.good.4.表示感谢: Thanks a lot. Thanks very much. Thanks anyway.回答: Not at all. That's all right. You're welcome.5.请求帮助:Could you do me a favor? = Could you do a favor for me? = Could you help me? 决定与否: I'll take / have / get / buy it.(四)易错点:1.som.常用于肯定句;any常用于否定句或疑问句。
2024年新沪教牛津版初一上册Unit 8重点短语和知识一.重点短语key rings钥匙圈model planes飞机模型paper clips回形针some...others...一些...另一些collect stamps集邮develop a hobby培养一个爱好thousands of许多handle with处理with care小心翼翼地buy sb. sth.给某人买某物buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物interesting bits有趣的部分a bit稍微;有点a bit of小量;小块be similar to与...相似more and more越来越多be curious about对...感到好奇in the future未来build up a collection积累一种收集品take a lot of money or time花费很多金钱或时间garage kits手办blind boxes盲盒fridge magnets冰箱贴Rubik’s cube魔方the number of...的数量the reason for sth./doing sth....的理由the reason why...的原因at the age of 8 在8岁的时候make a decision to do sth.决定做某事make up one’s mind to do sth.决定做某事room for...的空间think of想起up to达到(数量/程度)unlock a secret code解锁一个密码二.重点句型1.What do you think of collecting things?你对收集物品有什么看法?2.What is interesting about collecting different things?收集不同物品的乐趣是什么?3.This is my collection of bookmarks.这是我收集的书签。
2) 形容词比较级+than the other+复数名词。
例如:Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth.亚洲是地球上最大的洲◆形容词的常用结构:◇a + adj + n a tall boy ◇be + adj. He is tall.◇keep/find/make/think… it adj. to / that …… ◇be + as + adj. + as do + as + adv. + as1)形容词在句子中的句法作用及位置:⑴ 作定语,放在名......词的前面....,.修饰名词。
结构:a/an/ …_______ 名词 ★ 后置的情况:修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。
如:Something serious has happened to him .(他发生了严重的事故) 1. Every minute there is _____going on here.A. exciting somethingB. something excitingC. exciting anythingD. anything exciting 2. This river is about 5 feet ________. A. deep B. widely C. depth D. Length★ 少数形容词只能作定语这些形容词包括 little, live , elder, eldest 等,只能作定语,不能作表语。
例如:(正)My elder brother is a doctor. (误)My brother is elder than I. (正)This is a little house.(误)The house is little. (正)Do you want live fish or dead one?(误)The old monkey is still live.⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后,构成系表结构。
Unit 3 Is this your pencil?词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. thisthis是指示代词,它的意思是“这个”,this一般指时间和距离比较近的人或者事物。
可以指代单数可数名词和不可数名词。
例如:This is a big tree. 这是一棵大树。
This is a piece of glass. 这是一块玻璃。
this 修饰单数可数名词时,名词前面不可以再有形容词性物主代词、冠词、所有格等修饰。
例如:This book is not mine. 这本书不是我的。
This girl is my sister. 这个女孩儿是我姐姐。
this 的复数是these。
例如:This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
These are pens. 这些是钢笔。
拓展:this 与thatthis指代离说话人较近的人、物、时间,也可以指说过或者做过的事。
打电话时可以用来介绍自己是谁。
例如:This is a beautiful garden. 这是一个漂亮的花园。
Hello, this is Jim speaking. 你好,我是吉姆。
that 是远指,指离说话人较远的人、物、时间,也可以在打电话时用来询问对方是谁。
例如:That’s my classroom. 那是我的教室。
Hello, this is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 你好,我是玛丽,你是谁?2. watchwatch作名词时,指戴在手腕上的手表,挂在胸前的怀表或者用来计时的秒表。
例如:I have a beautiful watch. 我有一块漂亮的手表。
拓展:watch还可以用作动词,意为“看,观看”;常用于观看动态的事物。
例如:watch TV 看电视watch a football game 看足球比赛3. callcall v. 打电话。
常见用法如下:(1)call sb. 给某人打电话例如:Please call me tomorrow. 明天请给我打电话。
Unit4知识与练习重点词汇解析1.where adv. 在哪里;到哪里【经典例句】Where are you?你在哪?【考点聚焦】where是特殊疑问词,用来引导特殊疑问句。
当我们不知道某东西在什么地方时,常用Where is/are...?来询问。
2.table n. 桌子【经典例句】There is a dog under the table.桌子下面有一条狗。
【考点聚焦】常用词组:at table在吃饭;at the table在桌旁【易混辨析】table与deskdesk表示“桌子”的意思。
指供读书、写字、办公用的桌子,一般带有抽屉。
例如:There are forty desks and chairs in the classroom. 教室里有四十张桌子和椅子。
There are two books on the desk.桌上有两本书。
table 意思是“桌子”。
侧重于指供吃饭、喝茶、游戏或其它用途的桌子,通常没有抽屉。
例如:Our football is under the table. 我们的足球在桌子底下。
Where is the table?桌子在哪儿?3.on prep. 在……(紧贴着某物,有接触面)例如:on his desk“在他的书桌上”,on the floor“在地板上”,on the bed“在床上”,on the wall“在墙上”等等。
4. under prep. 在……下面,例如:under my chair“在我的椅子下面”,under the desk“在书桌下面”,under kate’s bed“在凯特的床下面”等。
重点句型1.Where is my pencil box? 我的铅笔盒在哪?-It’s in your schoolbag. 在你的书包里面。
2.Where are my books? 我的书在哪?-They are on the sofa. 它们在沙发上。
一、重点单词讲解。
1、name 名字例句:我的名字叫Jim. Is Jim.2、I 我 I'm=I am 我是,我叫(此为缩写)She's=she is 她是相似缩写:you're=you are 你是,你们是they're=they are 他们是that’s=that is 那是isn’t=is not 不是he’s not =he is not=he isn’twhat’s=what iswhere’s=where is3、what 什么(特殊疑问词,常常放在句首)例句:你叫什么名字?your name?4、answer 回答,答案短语:那个问题的答案the the question5、look 看相关短语:look at例句:看那张照片the picture6、first 第一的短语:first name = given name 名字7、last 最后的last name=family name 姓氏备注:要区分好姓氏和名字。
8、number 数字phone 电话短语:telephone number=phone number例句:你的电话号码是多少?What's your ?9、family 家庭我的家庭:10、注意数字1-10的记忆与拼写。
11、ID card 身份证短语:学生证、校卡:school ID card例句:我有一个学生证。
I have a 。
二、课文重点句子讲解。
1、A:What's your name?B;My name is Jenny./I'm Jenny./ Jenny.2、A;Nice to meet you.B;Nice to meet you,too.3、A;What’s his na me?B;His name is Jenny.4、A;Jenny.What’s her name?B;Her name is Linda..5、A;Linda.What’s your first name?B;My first name is Jack.6、A;Jack.What’s your last/family name?B、My last/family name is Green. It’s G reen.7、A;What’s your/his/her phone number?B;My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /It’s 281-9176.句子练习:一、( )⒈“What’s your name, please?”“____”A. My name’s Lucy.B. I’m nine.C. I’m Meimei.( )⒉“Hello! Good morning!”“____”A. Morning.B. Good.C. How do you do?( )⒊“How are you, Peter?”“____”A. Fine, thanks.B. Guess.C. How are you, Lin Tao?( )⒋“____, Li Lei. ”“Nice to meet you, too.”A. How are youB. What’s your nameC. Nice to meet you ( )⒌“____”“I’m fine. And you?”A. Can I have some water?B. How are you?C. How old are you? ( )⒍ ____ you Ann?A. areB. AreC. Is( )⒎ What’s ____ name?A. youB. isC. your( )⒏ Nice to ____ you.A. MeetB. thankC. see( )⒐“Hello!”“____”A. Thanks you.B. Hello!C. Oh!( )⒑ I ____ Bai Ling.A. isB. areC. am重点单词讲解。
1、this 这,这个(其对应复数形式these)考点:句型转换:This is my book.(改为复数句子)my 。
2、dictionary 字典(注意其复数形式)3、That 那,那个(其对应复数形式为those)考点:句型转换:This is my ruler.(改为复数句子)my 。
4、excuse 原谅,饶恕短语:excuse me (用于与别人搭话的场合)5、thank 谢谢,感谢同义句型:Thanks=Thank youThanks a lot=Thanks very much=Thanks a million6、in English 用英语表达例句:你能用英语说出它吗?Can you it ?7、How 多么,何等How do you do?你好(注意如何回答)8、watch 手表(注意其复数形式)9、Key 1、名词:钥匙 2、形容词:关键的 the key to.... ....的关键解决问题的关键:10、call 打电话1、等价句型:give sb a call=call sb 注意其中call的词性Please call me after 6:00.(写出其同义句)2、call sb at+电话号码(注意是介词at)例句分析:Call Jim at 67878867.11、school 学校在学校12、A set of+名词复数一副.....,一套......二、课文重点句子分析及习题练习。
1、A;Is that/this/it your backpack?B;Yes,it is. 或 No,it isn't.2、That's my eraser.3、What's this in English/Chinese?这个用英语/汉语怎么说?4、Put....in....... 把......放在......5、Call Mike at 67878867. 注意介词at的填空。
6、lost and found case 失物招领箱7、See you later.=See you soon.过一会儿见8、How do you spell it? 如何拼写它?9、Here you are.=Here it is. 给你10、school ID card 学生证,校卡11、I'm looking for my watch. 我正在寻找我的手表。
Look for 寻找习题巩固( )⒈ I ____ a big nose. He ____ a long nose.A. have, haveB. has, haveC. have, has ( )⒉“She has two big eyes.”“____”A. I have a big eye, too.B. My eyes are small, too.C. Me, too.( )⒊ Look! The basketball star ____ broad shoulders. And his arms ____ long and strong.A. is; hasB. has; isC. has; are( )⒋“Who is that girl under the tree?”“____”A. She is my friend JaneB. She is twelve.C. She has small eyes.( )⒌“Does Miss Wang have a mobile phone?”“____ .”A. No, she isn’t.B. No, he doesn’tC. No, she doesn’t( )⒍“____ you have a knife?”“Yes, I ____ . I have a small one.”A. do; doB. Are; amC. Do; do( )⒎“Do the girls have long hair?”“____”A. Yes, they are.B. No, they do.C. No, they don’t.( )⒏ Lin Tao and I are in ____ school, but we are in ____ classes.A. same; differentB. different; sameC. the same; different( )⒐ His head ____ big, and his ears ____ big, too.A. is; isB. is; areC. are; is ( )⒑ ____ has a big nose, but ____ mouth is small.A.She; herB. He; herC. She; his一、重点单词讲解。
1、parent 父亲或母亲(注意仅指其中一个),复数形式直接加s2、friend 朋友 friendly 友好的重点句型:make friends with somebody 与.....交朋友例句:在这里你可以交到很多朋友。
You can here。
Be friendly to somebody 对..... 友好例句:这只狗对我们很友好。
The dog is very 。
3、those 那些(单数形式that)4、These 这些(单数形式this)5、Dear 亲爱的,常用在信的开头Dear friend 亲爱的朋友6、thanks for...... 为.....而感谢Thanks for+名词/动词Ing 形式例句:谢谢你帮助我。
又可以写为:Thanks for 。
7、photo 照片复数形式直接加sTake photo 拍照例句:我喜欢拍照。
8、here 这儿 there 那儿短语:here and there 到处二、课文重点句子分析及习题练习。
1、This/That is my sister.2、These/Those are my sisters.3、注意一下下面两句的回答区别:A、Is this/that your sister? Yes,it is。
B、Is she your sister? Yes,she is。
4、Thanks for the photo of your family.注意:Thanks for ....后面直接跟名词或者动词Ing。
5、Here is my family photo.6、家庭成员介绍简例:This is a photo of my family.These are my.....and those are my..... My name is..... This is......and his/her name is......习题巩固:1,----Is that your cousin ?-----No,____________.A. she isB. she isn’tC. it isD. it isn’t 2, -----Is _____your photo?_-----Yes,_____are my parents.A. this , thisB. these., thisC. this , theseD. that , these 3, My___________________ is a teacher.A. parentsB. grandparentsC. parentD. father’s4, -----Is Helen a teacher?-----Yes, _________________.A. she’sB.he isC. he’sD. she is5, . --- Are these Jeff and Jack? --- _______________________.A. Yes, they aren’tB. No, these aren’tC. No, they aren’tD. Yes, these are6, _____________________ are in the same class.A. I,she and youB. You,she and IC. I, you and sheD. You,I and she7, His mother's________is his grandmother.A. grandfatherB. grandmotherC. grandparentsD. mother8, Here is ________ my family.A. a photo ofB. photo ofC. a photo atD. photo at9, See ________ soon, Dave and Anna.A. yourB. youC. theyD. them10, This is Mary and that is Kate. ________my ________.A. She's, friendB. They're, friendsC. They're, friendD. She's, friends三、语法:名词复数形式。