Why corporate culture counts

公司文化（Corporate Culture）概述公司文化是指一家企业内部共同遵循的价值观、行为准则和工作方式。

它反映了企业的核心价值观、管理理念和员工之间的互动方式。

具有积极、健康的公司文化对企业的发展和员工的工作体验都起着重要的作用。

本文将介绍公司文化的重要性、创建和维护公司文化的方法以及成功的公司文化的几个案例。

公司文化的重要性鉴别企业身份公司文化是企业的身份之一，帮助企业与其他竞争对手区分开来。

有时候，在产品和服务相对相似的情况下，公司文化成为客户选择企业的重要因素。

通过鲜明的公司文化，可以让客户更加了解企业的价值观和承诺。

增强员工归属感积极的公司文化可以增强员工对企业的归属感。

员工在一个有积极氛围和积极思想的环境中工作，更有动力，更愿意与企业一同成长。

公司文化应该为员工提供发展机会和奖励机制，让员工感受到自己的工作价值。

提高员工工作效率公司文化还可以提高员工的工作效率。

在一个相互尊重、合作和沟通畅通的环境中，员工更容易取得成功。

有了良好的公司文化，员工能够更好地发挥他们的潜力，更高效地完成工作任务。

促进创新和变革成功的公司文化能够鼓励创新和变革。

员工在一个鼓励和支持创新想法的环境中，更有可能提出新的想法和解决问题的方法。

这有助于企业更好地适应市场变化，保持竞争力。

创建和维护公司文化的方法制定明确的愿景和价值观明确的愿景和价值观是塑造公司文化的基础。

企业应该明确自己的目标和愿景，并制定恰当的价值观。

这些价值观应该贯穿于企业的各个方面，包括管理、决策、员工培养等。

建立积极的工作氛围良好的公司文化需要一个积极的工作氛围作为支撑。

企业应该鼓励员工之间的合作和支持，为员工提供充足的发展机会，增强员工的工作满意度。

此外，公平和透明的奖励制度也是营造积极工作氛围的重要一环。

领导者的榜样作用领导者在公司文化中起着至关重要的作用。

他们的行为和态度对员工产生巨大影响力。

他们应该以身作则，积极践行公司的价值观和准则，成为员工的榜样。

对公司文化的理解英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Understanding Corporate Culture: A Student's PerspectiveAs a student, the concept of corporate culture can seem quite distant and abstract. We spend our days diligently studying subjects, attending classes, and working towards academic goals. The professional world of corporations may feel like a realm far removed from the familiarity of our campus lives. However, as we approach the transition from students to aspiring professionals, it becomes increasingly important to grasp the significance of corporate culture and how it shapes the work environment we will soon be entering.Corporate culture, at its core, refers to the shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that define an organization and its employees. It is the invisible force that guides how people within a company interact, make decisions, and approach their work. While corporate policies and procedures provide the formal framework, culture is the unwritten code that breathes life into an organization.From my perspective as a student, corporate culture can be likened to the unique atmosphere that pervades different universities or even individual classrooms. Just as each educational institution cultivates its own distinct identity, fostered by traditions, philosophies, and the collective energy of its community, so too do corporations develop their own distinct cultures.One of the most intriguing aspects of corporate culture is its ability to shape the employee experience. A positive and supportive culture can foster a sense of belonging, encourage creativity, and inspire individuals to go above and beyond in their roles. Conversely, a toxic or misaligned culture can breed disengagement, stifle innovation, and ultimately undermine an organization's success.As a student, I have witnessed firsthand how the culture within a classroom can impact the learning experience. In an environment where collaboration, curiosity, and open dialogue are encouraged, students tend to thrive, feeling empowered to ask questions, share ideas, and engage with the material on a deeper level. Conversely, in a classroom where the atmosphere is rigid, judgmental, or discouraging, students may becomedisengaged, reluctant to participate, and struggle to reach their full potential.This parallel between the classroom and the corporate setting highlights the profound impact culture can have on an individual's growth, performance, and overall well-being within an organization.Beyond shaping the day-to-day experiences of employees, corporate culture also plays a crucial role in attracting and retaining talent. In today's competitive job market, top candidates are not only seeking competitive compensation and opportunities for advancement but also a cultural fit that aligns with their values and aspirations.As a student on the cusp of entering the workforce, I am acutely aware of the importance of finding an organization whose culture resonates with my personal principles and professional goals. Just as I carefully researched and selected a university that aligned with my academic interests and aspirations, I will undoubtedly scrutinize potential employers to ensure their corporate cultures align with my values and provide an environment conducive to my growth and development.Furthermore, corporate culture is increasingly recognized as a key driver of innovation and adaptability – two qualities thatare essential in today's rapidly evolving business landscape. Organizations with strong, innovative cultures are better equipped to embrace change, encourage risk-taking, and foster the creative thinking necessary to stay ahead of the curve.From a student's perspective, this emphasis on innovation and adaptability resonates deeply. As we navigate theever-changing landscape of higher education and prepare for careers that may not yet exist, we must cultivate a mindset of continuous learning, curiosity, and a willingness to challenge conventional thinking.Just as progressive educational institutions strive to foster these qualities in their students, forward-thinking corporations recognize the value of cultivating a culture that nurtures innovation and empowers employees to think beyond traditional boundaries.Moreover, corporate culture extends beyond the internal dynamics of an organization and can profoundly impact its external relationships and reputation. Companies with strong, ethical cultures that prioritize integrity, social responsibility, and environmental sustainability are often viewed more favorably by consumers, partners, and the broader community.As socially conscious students, we are increasingly attuned to the values and practices of the organizations we choose to support or associate with. Many of us actively seek out companies that align with our personal convictions and demonstrate a commitment to making a positive impact on society and the planet.In my personal experience, I have witnessed the power of corporate culture to inspire or disillusion consumers and stakeholders. Companies that have faced public scrutiny for unethical practices or disregard for their environmental footprint have often suffered severe reputational damage, while those that prioritize transparency, accountability, and social responsibility have garnered immense goodwill and loyalty.As I prepare to transition from the world of academia to the professional realm, I am acutely aware of the pivotal role corporate culture plays in shaping the overall employee experience, driving innovation, and impacting an organization's external relationships and reputation.While academic achievements, technical skills, and professional qualifications are undoubtedly important, my perspective as a student has taught me that cultural fit is equallycritical in determining one's success and fulfillment within an organization.Just as I have carefully cultivated my academic journey by seeking out educational environments that nurture my growth and align with my values, I will approach my professional endeavors with the same discernment, prioritizing organizations whose corporate cultures resonate with my principles and aspirations.Ultimately, understanding corporate culture is not merely an academic exercise but a vital component of navigating the professional landscape and finding a fulfilling and rewarding career path. As students, we have the opportunity to observe and learn from the microcosms of culture within our educational institutions, preparing us to make informed choices and contribute to shaping the cultures of the organizations we will one day join.篇2Understanding Company Culture: A Student's PerspectiveAs a student about to embark on my professional journey, the concept of "company culture" has become increasingly relevant. Over the course of my studies and internships, I'vecome to realize that an organization's culture plays a pivotal role in shaping not only the work environment but also the overall success of a company. In this essay, I will delve into my understanding of company culture, its significance, and the factors that contribute to its formation.At its core, company culture encompasses the shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that define an organization. It is the unique personality that distinguishes one company from another, influencing everything from decision-making processes to employee interactions and customer experiences. While some may perceive culture as an abstract concept, its impact is tangible and far-reaching.One of the most striking realizations I've had about company culture is its inherent complexity. It is not a one-dimensional construct but rather a multifaceted tapestry woven from various threads. Leadership plays a crucial role in setting the tone and establishing the foundational principles that guide the organization's culture. The actions, communication styles, and decision-making processes of those in leadership positions trickle down and shape the overall mindset and behaviors within the company.Furthermore, I've learned that company culture is deeply rooted in an organization's history, traditions, and past experiences. Companies with a rich heritage often carry forward certain values and practices that have withstood the test of time, blending them with contemporary ideals to create a unique cultural identity. This historical context provides a sense of continuity and belonging, fostering a shared understanding among employees.However, company culture is not static; it evolves and adapts to changing circumstances. As organizations navigate through periods of growth, mergers, or restructuring, their cultures undergo transformations. Embracing diversity and inclusivity has become increasingly important in shaping modern company cultures, fostering an environment where diverse perspectives and backgrounds are valued and leveraged for innovation and progress.Through my internship experiences, I've witnessed firsthand the profound impact company culture can have on employee engagement, productivity, and job satisfaction. Companies with a strong, positive culture tend to foster a sense of purpose and belonging among their employees, leading to higher levels of motivation, commitment, and retention. Conversely, toxic ormisaligned cultures can breed disengagement, low morale, and high turnover rates, ultimately hindering organizational success.One aspect of company culture that has particularly resonated with me is the emphasis on work-life balance. Progressive organizations recognize the importance of fostering a healthy balance between professional and personal lives, understanding that a well-rounded and fulfilled workforce is more likely to contribute their best efforts. Initiatives such as flexible working arrangements, wellness programs, and opportunities for personal growth demonstrate a genuine commitment to employee well-being.Moreover, I've come to appreciate the role of communication in shaping company culture. Open and transparent communication channels, where employees feel empowered to voice their opinions and concerns, foster a sense of trust and collaboration. Effective communication not only ensures alignment with the company's mission and values but also promotes a collaborative environment where ideas can flow freely, and problems can be addressed proactively.Ultimately, my understanding of company culture has evolved into a deep appreciation for its multidimensional nature and its profound impact on organizational success. As I prepareto enter the professional world, I recognize the importance of aligning my personal values and goals with the culture of the companies I pursue. A strong cultural fit not only enhances job satisfaction but also contributes to personal growth and professional development.In conclusion, company culture is a complex and dynamic force that shapes the very essence of an organization. It encompasses shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that influence every aspect of a company's operations. As a student, my understanding of company culture has been enriched through academic studies, internships, and real-world observations. I recognize the significance of finding a cultural fit that aligns with my personal values and aspirations, as it can greatly influence my overall career journey and personal fulfillment. Navigating the intricate tapestry of company cultures will undoubtedly be a crucial aspect of my professional endeavors, and I remain eager to embrace and contribute to positive, inclusive, and purpose-driven organizational environments.篇3Understanding Corporate Culture: A Student's PerspectiveCorporate culture has been a topic of great interest to me as I prepare to enter the professional world after graduation. While academic studies have provided a strong foundation in various subjects, I've come to realize that succeeding in a corporate environment requires more than just technical knowledge. Understanding the unique culture of an organization is crucial for integrating smoothly, thriving, and making valuable contributions.At its core, corporate culture encompasses the shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that shape how employees interact, make decisions, and approach their work within a company. It's the invisible force that governs the "unwritten rules" and norms that exist beyond formal policies and procedures. As a student transitioning into the workforce, grasping this intangible aspect of an organization is both fascinating and challenging.During my internships and interactions with professionals, I've observed that corporate cultures can vary significantly across different companies, even within the same industry. Some organizations foster a highly competitive, results-driven culture, while others prioritize collaboration, work-life balance, and employee well-being. These contrasting approaches canprofoundly impact job satisfaction, motivation, and ultimately, employee retention.One aspect of corporate culture that has particularly resonated with me is the emphasis on communication and interpersonal dynamics. In academic settings, the focus is often on individual achievement and mastering subject matter. However, in the corporate world, effective communication skills, emotional intelligence, and the ability to navigate complex interpersonal relationships are highly valued. Understanding how to convey ideas clearly, build rapport with colleagues, and navigate office politics can be as important as technical expertise.Another crucial aspect of corporate culture is the decision-making process and organizational structure. Some companies operate with a top-down, hierarchical approach, where decisions flow from senior leadership to lower levels. Others embrace a more decentralized, collaborative model, where input is sought from various levels and teams. As a student, understanding these dynamics can help manage expectations and navigate the organizational landscape more effectively.I've also come to appreciate the importance of organizational values and their impact on corporate culture. Companies with strong, well-defined values tend to foster a more cohesive and purposeful work environment. Employees are more likely to feel a sense of belonging and alignment with the organization's mission and goals. Conversely, companies with vague or inconsistent values may struggle with employee engagement and retention.Moreover, corporate culture extends beyond the physical workplace and into the realm of social responsibility and community involvement. Many companies today place a strong emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, environmental sustainability, and giving back to local communities. For socially conscious individuals like myself, understanding a company's stance on these issues and how they align with personal values can be a crucial factor in finding the right cultural fit.As I reflect on my journey thus far, I've realized that embracing and adapting to a new corporate culture will be one of the greatest challenges I'll face as a fresh graduate. The transition from the structured, familiar environment of academia to the dynamic and often ambiguous corporate world can bedaunting. However, I'm excited by the prospect of immersing myself in a new culture, learning its nuances, and finding ways to contribute while staying true to my values and principles.In preparation for this transition, I've made efforts to educate myself on corporate culture through various means. Attending career fairs, networking events, and informational interviews has provided valuable insights into the cultures of different organizations. I've also sought guidance from mentors, professors, and professionals who have navigated similar transitions successfully.Ultimately, my goal is to find an organization whose culture aligns with my personal values, work style, and aspirations. While compensation and career growth opportunities are undoubtedly important factors, I firmly believe that a positive cultural fit is equally crucial for long-term job satisfaction and personal fulfillment.As I embark on this new chapter, I'm committed to embracing the challenges and opportunities that come with adapting to a new corporate culture. I'll approach this journey with an open mind, a willingness to learn, and a determination to contribute meaningfully while staying true to my values. By understanding and appreciating the nuances of corporateculture, I hope to not only succeed professionally but also positively impact the organizations I become a part of.。

专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷269(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Thumbs upAmerica and Europe: a【T1】or approval sign【T1】______【T2】countries: rude and offensive gesture【T2】______Australia: a. a sign of OKb.a grave insult: moving it【T3】【T3】______2. The dog callAmerica and Europe: a【T4】gesture【T4】______Philippines: offensive and used only for【T5】【T5】______Singapore: indicating【T6】【T6】______3. The OK signGreat Britain and America: everything is goodLatin America and France: it has【T7】【T7】______Turkey: a sign of a【T8】【T8】______4.【T9】【T9】______ Latin America: hurry upGreat Britain and America: a. remember somethingb.【T10】【T10】______1．【T1】正确答案：going good解析：本题要求填入在美国和欧洲国家中，thumbs up(竖起大拇指)被视为什么样的手势。

录音提到，在大多数的欧美文化中(American and European cultures)，竖起大拇指的意思是事情按照你的计划进行或是你对事情表示认可，即事情进展顺利going good或者赞同认可(approval)。

故本题填入going good。

知识模块：讲座2．【T2】正确答案：Islamic and Asian解析：本题要求填入在哪些国家，thumbs up被视为是粗鲁无礼的手势(rode and offensive gesture)。

Do you think product development important for a company? Why?Do all new products involve major technological breakthroughs? Why?What do you think affect a company’s product development strategy?What strategies can a company use to develop products?Do you think price is the only factor that you consider when you are deciding to buy a product? Why?Do you think companies should take competition into consideration when setting prices for products? Why?Do you think price discounting is an effective strategy for companies to increase sales? Why？How do you think a company should set the price for a new product if it wants to build sales quickly?What do you think is the basic objective underlying all promotion?What do you think are the most commonly used adverting media?Do you think advertising cost-effective? Why?What do think companies use sales promotion?Do you think television advertising is the most effective form of advertising?Do you think the internet is a good place for marketing a company’s products? Why?Do you think the internet advertising will be more important than other forms of advertising in the future? Why? Will you choose a newspaper to advertise a product?Are you influenced by packaging of products when you are deciding to buy a product? Why?What impact do you think packaging has on the environment?Do you think technology help marketers design package? Why?Do you think packaging plays an important role in protecting products?Are you influenced by brands when you choose products or services? Why?Would you consider buying a new brand of product newly introduced to the market? Why?What do you think a company should do to create brand awareness for a new brand?Do you think brand equity provides a competitive advantages for a company? Why?Which do you prefer when you do shopping, large department stores or small shops? Why?What do you think a company can do to find out the needs and wants of customers?Do you complaint about the poor service to the management? Why?Why do businesses invest so much money in the product or service development?What can a company do to keep its customers?How can a company respond to demanding customers?Is it important for a company to establish rapport and long-term relationships with its customers? Why?Is providing quality products important in retaining customers? Why?Where do you usually do your shopping?Do you think marketing intermediaries are necessary when you want to buy products? Why?Do you think televised home shopping will be more popular in the future? Why?Do you think direct marketing a form of retailing? What are the major forms of direct marketing?How did you travel here today? Why?If you could choose, which form of transport would you like to travel by? Why？Do you have to travel a lot on business? Do you like it? Why?How do you think you will travel to work in the future? Why?How do you feel about being away from home on business?What kind of accommodation do you usually stay in when you go on holiday? Why?What kind of facilities do you think hotels ought to provide for business people? Why?Should companies pay for their staff to stay in expensive hotels on business trips?Do you enjoy business travel? Why?When travelling, do you think people should go to a small or large travel agency? Why?Do you think business travels are necessary for companies? Why?Do you think videoconferencing will replace business travel in the future? Why?Have you ever been abroad?Do you think business trips abroad necessary to a company?What kinds of skills are needed for business travellers abroad?Do you think language skills important for people travelling abroad on business? Why?Why is corporate culture important to a company?Do you think corporate culture will change or always remain the same? Why?Is it possible to assess company culture? How?Do you think each company should have a stated set of cultural values? Why?Is it necessary to have a defined company image? Why?How important is the brand image in marketing campaign? Why?What factor should be considered when selecting a company logo design? Why?Do you think it important for a company to have a logo for its own? Why?Do you think companies should give gifts to their employees regularly? Why?Is it a good business practice to give gift to your clients? Why?Who are the appropriate people that should receive corporate gifts? Why?What is the most important when presenting corporate gift to your clients? Why?What sports events do you think companies should be involved in sponsoring? Why?Do you think that sponsorship is the most effective form of advertising? Why?Besides sports events, what other kinds of activities or programmes do you think companies can sponsor? Why? Do you think that in the future companies will make more use of sponsorship as a marketing strategy? Why? What do you usually wear for work?Do you think companies should set a dress code for their staff? Why?Is it necessary to dress smartly if you want to be promoted? Why?Will business people wear more casually in the future? Why?Do you think you enjoy eating in restaurant? Why?What type of restaurant would you take your business clients to? Why?Is it necessary to take your business clients to an expensive restaurant? Why?How important is it for company staff to have some basic knowledge in entertaining business clients?Why do companies relocate to another country?How does a good location add value for customers?Do you think the location of competitors will affect the location of a company? Why?Do you think taxes affect the selection of a company’s location? Why?Why do you think companies do international business?What do you think are the dimensions for companies to choose products for globalization?Do you think licensing will be the most popular way of entering foreign markets? Why?Do you think joint-venture is an effective way of doing international business? Why?Do you know any franchise organization? Can you name one?Why do you think people open a franchise business?Why do you think companies franchise?Are there any disadvantages of owing a franchised business? Why?What do you think is the most obvious competition?Do indirect competition pose threats to a firm? Why?Do you think it an effective way to meet and beat competition by increasing quality? Why?Do you think cutting price is the most effective way to meet competition? Why?Do you think everybody working in business today should have a range of computer skills? Why?What are some basic computer skills for an office staff?Will methods of communication change or not in the future? Why?What are the effects that computers have had on people’s working lives? /what are the effects of new technologies on office lives?Do you often go on-line?Do you think there is any disadvantage about e-mail? Why?Do you think web presence important for a company? Why?What is the most obvious change the growth of the internet brings to companies?What’s the advantage for a company to advertise on line?What do you think is the key to success for online advertising?What type of audience do you think the internet marketing is most suitable for?Do you think online marketing can replace traditional marketing? Why?How do you think the internet is influencing business life in your country?What do you think is the major advantage of telecommuting?Are there any advantages in working from home rather than an office? Why?What do you think traditional offices will be like in the future?How important is it for a company to have regular meetings?What do you think makes a conference interesting?Could some meetings be replaced by other forms of communication? Why?Do you think there will be any need for meetings in the future? Why?How useful is it for people in business to attend conferences?Do you think flat communication devices will replace face-to-face contacts altogether in the future? Why?Do you think companies should pay for staff to attend conferences? Why?Do you think it is a good idea to attend conferences in other countries? Why?Do you like to attend a conference? Why?What do you think are the basic qualities of a presenter? Why?Do you think it is a good idea to use powerpoint in giving presentations? Why?How important is a crowded atmosphere to successful presenting? Why?Do you like to go to a trade fair /an exhibition? Why?What’s your idea of a good trade fair/exhibition? Why?Are there any benefits for a company to attend a trade fair /an exhibition? Why?Do you think participation in a foreign exhibition important for a company? Why?。

新世纪研究生公共英语教材阅读B课文原文及翻译Unit1Party PoliticsJudith Martin1. Etiquette at an office party? Why, these people have been socializing happily every working day of their lives, give or take a few melees, rumors, and complaint petitions. All it takes to turn this into holiday merriment is a bit of greenery looped around the office—the staff will soon be looped, too. Surely it is enough that the annual Christmas party has the magic ingredients: time off from work, free food and drink, and a spirit of fun replacing such ugly work realities as sexual harassment.2. Furthermore, partygoers figure, it offers relief from such pesky obligations as thanking anyone or being kind to wallflowers because there really aren‟t any hosts. Nobody has to pay (that same Nobody who generously provides the telephone line for long-distance personal calls), and so nobody‟s feelings need be considered.3. This is all pure hospitality—there for the taking, like the office-supplied felt-tipped pens everyone has been pocketing all year. Out of the natural goodness of its corporate heart and the spirit of the holiday season, the company wishes only to give its employees a roaring good time, and the employees, out of loyalty and the thrill of getting to know their bosses off-duty as equals, delight in the opportunity.4. For those still dimly aware of the once-standard give-and-take of real social life, this no-fault approach to business entertaining seems a godsend. In the now-rare domain of genuine society, hosts are supposed to plan and pay for the entertainment of their guests, on their own time and in their own houses. Guests have strict duties, as well—from answering invitations to cooperating with all arrangements, even to the extent of pronouncing them perfectly lovely.5. Business entertaining appears to remove the burdens of time, effort, money, individual responsibility—and the etiquette connected with them. The people who do the planning are paid for their trouble, so those who benefit need not consider they have incurred a debt. Why, the annual Christmas party ought to be an inspiration to lower-level employees to work their way into realms where company-sponsored partying can be enjoyed all year long.6. Not so fast. Flinty Miss Manners does not recognize any holidays from etiquette. (Employees, if not employers, should consider themselves lucky that she is only on the Party Committee, not the one that might take up ethical questions about those pens and calls.) Office parties differ from private ones but are no freer from rules.7. If it were indeed true that everyone has a better time without etiquette, Miss Manners could easily be persuaded to take the day off. But having long served on the Office Party Etiquette Cleanup subcommittee, she is aware that things generally do not go well when there is no recognized etiquette and everyone is forced to improvise.8. Let us look at all this spontaneous, carefree fun: There being no proper place for the boss, he or she hangs around the door, concerned about mixing with everyone. It might discourage hospitable bosses to see guests staring at them in horror and then slithering in by a side door. But etiquette‟s solution of having everyone greeted in a receiving line was rejected as too stiff. So one can hardly blame employees for recalling a long-ingrained principle of the workplace: Seeing the boss and having a good time are best not scheduled at the same time.9. Desperate to make the time count, the boss grabs the nearest available person and startsdelivering practiced words about the contribution he makes to their great enterprise. The reaction is not quite what was hoped for. Discreet questioning establishes that this is an employee‟s guest. He doesn‟t work for the company, recognize the boss, or appreciate the attention—and, as a matter of fact, has only a passing acquaintance with the employee who issued the invitation. What this guest wants is not professional fellowship but a fresh drink, if the boss would kindly step out of the way.10. Now, the reason the invitation said “and guest” was to avoid the ticklish issue of who is still married to whom and what the spouse calls itself. Last year, unmarried employees were furious when their partners were not included, and married employees complained that the forms by which their spouses were addressed were offensive: “Mrs.” offended women who preferred “Ms.,” and wives who had the same surnames outraged everybody who didn‟t. This year, the complaints will be from spouses who were not told that there was a party or who were told that spouses weren‟t invited—but found out otherwise. There won‟t be many complaints. They will, however, be memorable, darkly charging the company with promoting immorality.11. Meanwhile, what about those who are interested in promoting a bit of immorality, or just plain romance, of their own? They, too, are creating problems that will reach far into the new year. True office romances are the least of them, with their charges of favoritism and melding professional and personal time. More serious is the fact that, in spite of the liquor and high spirits, it still counts as sexual harassment when anyone with supervisory powers makes unreciprocated overtures to a lower-ranking employee. And foolhardy when a lower-ranking employee annoys a higher-ranking one.12. Some employees have their minds only on business and will be spending party time actively promoting workaday concerns. Remembering the company rhetoric about open communications and all being in this together, they will actually seek out the boss, who by this time is grateful to be addressed by anyone at all.13. But they do n‟t want to engage in platitudes. They accept compliments with: “Well, then how about a raise?” They plead for promotions, explain confidentially who ought to be fired, and advance previously submitted ideas about revolutionizing the business that have been unaccountably unappreciated for years. In one evening, they manage to cut through the entire hierarchy and procedures the boss has painstakingly established for the purpose of being spared this kind of importuning.14. Eventually—usually somewhat late in the party—it occurs to someone that this informal setting is just the time to offer the boss some constructive personal criticism. What else does talking frankly and informally mean but an invitation to unload opinions without any career consequence?15. Here is where the company has pulled a fast one on its employees. “Go ahead,” it has said, “relax, have a good time, forget about the job.” And the naive have taken this at face value. This event is called a party—a place where one lets loose without worrying about being judged by the cold standard of professional usefulness.16. Even employees who adhere strictly to standard business dress in the office may not know what the bosses might consider vulgar in evening wear. Here is a chance to show off their racy and imaginative off-duty clothes. But over there are supervisors murmuring that people who look like that can‟t really be sent out to represent the company.17. Worse are the comments on anyone whose idea of fun is a little boisterous. It may be just thebehavior that makes one a delight—or a trial—to one‟s friends. But here, it is not being offered for the delight or tolerance of friends. It is being judged on criteria other than whether the person is a riot.18. It is not that Miss Manners wants to spoil the office party by these warnings. She just wants to prevent it from spoiling careers. And the solution is what was banished from the party for being too inhibiting: etiquette.19. The first formality that must come back is inviting everyone by name. The practice of merely counting every invitation as two is as dangerous as it is unflattering. But people who have been clearly identified and told that they must respond—the suggestion must be made neutrally, to show that the party is a treat, not a requirement—already have some sense that they are both individually sought after and expected to be responsible.20. What constitutes a couple is a murkier question than Miss Manners and any sensible employer ought to investigate, but employees simply can be asked to supply the name of a spouse or friend they want to invite. (An office party can be limited by confining it to employees, in which case it should be held during office hours. But inviting spouses and such is better. Having to work is enough distract ion from one‟s more intimate relationships, and the staff was not compiled like a guest list, according to personal compatibility.21. Since we have established, Miss Manners hopes, that the point of an office party is not whooping it up or telling people off, what is it? It is showing appreciation of the staff.22. This starts with a well-run receiving line. However much popular opinion may regard receiving lines as nasty ordeals, they were invented to be, and remain, the easiest way to get everyone recognized by the key people. The oldest receiving-line trick in the world still works: Someone whose business it is to know everyone—or someone unimportant enough to be able to ask each guest his name—announces the guests to the host as they go through the line. The host can then scornfully declare: “Of course I know Annette. We couldn‟t run this place without her.” For extra charm, the employee‟s guest is also told how wonderful that employee is. This always seems more sincere than straight-out flattery, and from then on, whenever the employee complains that everyone at the office is an idiot, the spouse will counter by repeating that appreciation.23. It is often erroneously assumed that the style of the party ought to be what employees are used to: their own kind of music, food, and other things the executive level believes itself to have outgrown. Nonsense. What employees want is a taste of high-level entertaining. This may vary greatly according to the nature of the business. If, however, the party is too formal for the employees‟ taste, they‟ll get a good laugh and enjoy the contrast all the more when they continue partying on their own afterward.24. The clever employee will dress as the executives do, keeping in mind that there are few fields in which people are condemned for looking insufficiently provocative. Refusing or limiting drinks is not the handicap at business parties that it may be under the overly hospitable eye of a private host. And the real opportunity for career advancement is not petitioning a boss but rescuing one who has been cornered or stranded, thus demonstrating that one knows how to talk charmingly about nonbusiness matters.25. At the end, there is another receiving line. That is, the bosses plant themselves conspicuously by the exit, grabbing the hand of anyone trying to get away and thanking him for coming. Even the dimmest guest will then realize it is appropriate to thank back—that is, to realize that something has been offered and deserves gratitude.26. After all, isn‟t that why the office Christmas party is given?27. If the only goal were for the company to show the staff its appreciation, this could be effectively done with a day off and a bonus to go with it.第一单元晚会之道朱迪丝•马丁1. 办公室晚会礼节？有这个必要吗？员工们每天开开心心地彼此交往，虽然时不时会推推撞撞，发生点儿口角，传播点儿谣言，或是联名写点儿投诉信。

Culture Counts: The Vital Role of Culture inOur LivesIn the ever-evolving world, the significance of culture cannot be overstated. Culture, encompassing our values, traditions, beliefs, and ways of life, is not just a mere representation of our heritage but a powerful force that shapes our identities and perspectives. It is the invisible thread that binds us together, connecting us to our past while guiding us towards a better future.Firstly, culture acts as a mirror reflecting our values and beliefs. It is a powerful medium that transmits our ideas, aspirations, and dreams from one generation to another. Through culture, we learn to appreciate the beauty of diversity, embrace differences, and celebrate our unique identities. It instills in us the values of respect, tolerance, and understanding, making us more open-minded and empathetic towards others.Moreover, culture acts as a bridge between the past and the future. It preserves our historical memories, keeping alive the stories of our ancestors and the wisdom they have imparted upon us. By understanding our culture, we gain adeeper understanding of our roots and the reasons behindour traditions and customs. This understanding, in turn, helps us make sense of the present and chart a course for the future.Furthermore, culture is a powerful tool for social cohesion. It brings people together, fostering unity and cooperation among diverse groups. Through shared cultural experiences, we build stronger communities and foster a sense of belongingness among its members. This cohesion, in turn, acts as a bulwark against social divides and冲突, promoting harmony and stability.Moreover, culture is a driver of economic growth and development. It acts as a magnet attracting tourists and investors, who are drawn to the rich cultural heritage and unique experiences offered by a place. The tourism industry, in particular, benefits greatly from the culturalattractions of a region, generating revenue and employment opportunities. Additionally, culture also spurs creativity and innovation, leading to the emergence of new industries and products that drive economic growth.In conclusion, culture counts because it is the essence of our humanity. It defines us as individuals and as a society, shaping our values, beliefs, and ways of life. It acts as a mirror, a bridge, a tool for social cohesion, and a driver of economic growth. In today's interconnected world, where cultural diversity is the norm, it is crucial that we value and respect our cultures, ensuring that they are preserved and passed down to future generations.**文化之重要：文化在我们生活中的关键作用**在不断变化的世界中，文化的重要性不容忽视。