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初中英语中考复习：三大从句（含答案））三大从句精讲点拨宾语从句1）．概念：用一个完整的句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句可作主句谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
宾语引导词打酱油派（无意义无成分that可省略）if/whether 纠结派（yes or no ）个性派（看具体情况选He said (that) he could finish his work before supper.Alice wanted to know if / whether her grandmother liked the bag.I don’t know where I can buy the books.特殊疑问词从句语序陈述语序用）“引导词 +主语 +谓语 +其I want to know what you were doing at that time.时态它”主过从过，主现从任 I believe that he will come to help us.He knew that he was wrong.2）．易错点：1.引导词 if 不能与 or not 连用；whether 可以。
如：I don’t know whether I can pass the exam or not .2. could 开头的一般疑问句代表委婉请求，不代表过去式。
如：Could you tell me how I can go to the bus station?3. 从句为客观真理时，时态不受主句影响。
（注意三单哦！如：The teacher told us yesterday that the earth g oes round the sun.4. 当从句为What’s the matter ？或What’s wrong 时，从句的语序不用改变。
★拓展：宾语从句的简化由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，若从句的主语在主句中出现过时，可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
中考英语复合句专项复习【考点清单】一、宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词。
①从属连词that、whether、if引导宾语从句时,在从句中不作成分，that一般可以省略，也没有意义;whether 和if 意为“是否”,不能省略。
②连接代词 what、who、whom、whose、 which 等及连接副词when、where、how、 why 等这些引导词除了在从句中起连接作用,还在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,不能省略。
2.宾语从句的时态。
①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可用任何适当的时态。
②当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句用相应的某种过去时态。
③如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。
3.宾语从句的语序及意义。
无论由哪种引导词引导,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,且引导词位于从句句首。
二、状语从句4.状语从句的引导词。
根据状语从句所表达的意思可将其分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件及方式状语从句等。
每一种状语从句往往都有一些固定的引导词来引导。
(详见第八章“连词”)5.状语从句的时态。
状语从句的主句为祈使句、主句时态为一般将来时或主句有情态动词表示将来的动作时,表示时间、条件、让步等的状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
三、定语从6.当先行词表示人时,关系代词应用that、who或whom(作宾语)引导。
当先行词表示物时,关系代词应用that或which 引导。
关系代词在从句中作宾语时常可省略,作主语时则不可省略。
7.whose 既可指人也可指物,在从句中作定语,修饰名词。
8.当引导词在从句中作状语时,应用关系副词。
表示时间用when,表示地点用 where，表示原因用 why。
9.先行词为all、everything、 nothing、something、anything、little、much等不定代词或先行词被all、every、no、some、any、little、much 等修饰时,指物的关系代词只能用that。
在英语中, 主要有三大从句, 即名词性从句（包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A.定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句（attributive clause）, 顾名思义, 就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当, 所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外, 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的, 故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后, 这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中, 算定语从句最难掌握, 因为汉语里没有定语从句, 汉语里只有定语, 而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词, 并且在定语从句中充当句子成分, 可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有: who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which whichwhoseof which人、物 that that —（一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人, 是主格, 在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
中考复习 初中英语一对一专项辅导：复合句英语句子中常有一个主句和一个或多个从句组合而成的长句子，这样的句子叫做复合句。
初中阶段常见的复合句主要包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
◆引导词主句用一般现在时，从句的时态根据需要确定，不受主句影响。
作宾语从句的句子 引导词 陈述句 that 一般疑问句 if / whether 特殊疑问句 原句中的疑问词 ◆宾语从句使用陈述句语序 ◆主句与从句的时态【习题演练】 Ⅰ. 单项选择( )1. He asked which film they _____ about.A. will talkB. are going to talkC. was going to talkD. were talking ( )2. Do you know _____ bike this is?A. thatB. whoC. whyD. whose ( )3. Polly said no news _____ good news.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are ( )4. We didn’t know _____ she was ready or not.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what( )5. —What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? —He said that I _____ better.A. can doB. amC. will doD. could do ()6. —I want to know when _____ have a field trip.—We’ll have it when all the work _____.1.主句用一般现在时，从句的时态根据需要确定，不受主句影响。
C. you will; is finishedD. you; finish( )7. —Could you tell me when _____?—At 10:25, in ten minutes.A. the bus will leaveB. will the bus leaveC. the bus has leftD. had the bus left( )8. －Do you know ______ he’ll arrive he re at 9:00 this morning?－I’m afraid he’ll be late.A. thatB. howC. whyD. whether( )9. —Could you tell me _____?—She is a student in Eton School.A. where Kate is studyingB. how Kate was studyingC. why Kate was studyingD. when Kate studied( )10. —Do you know _____ going to stay in London?—No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.A. when he isB. how long he isC. when is heD. how long is heⅡ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
16. I don’t think the watch will _____ (repair) well in 2 days.17. She said that the sun _____ (be) brighter than the moon.18. I will take back what I _____ (say).19. I wanted to know if he _____ (can) mend the car.20. She said that she _____ (go) fishing last Sunday.21. She told me that they _____ (talk) about a new book at this time yesterday.22. I’m sure everything _____ (go) well.23. I hope that I _____ (visit) Beijing soon.24. I hear that Tom _____ (be) here for a week.25. Tom told his boss that he _____ (finish) the work well if he _____ (give) another chance.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，并充当其定语的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why等引导。
学习定语从句需要注意的内容：1. 选出正确的关系代词或关系副词的关键：①看所修饰的是人还是物；②看它所代表的先行词在定语从句中做什么成分。
例如：Do you know the man who/that sells eggs to me?（先行词是“the man”，在从句中作主语，用who/ that）Your father was not on the train that/ which arrived just now.(先行词是物，用which/that，在从句中作主语)This is the book (which / that) you wanted.(先行词是物，用which/that，在从句中作宾语，可省)Do you know the boy whose father is a doctor?(先行词是人，whose代表“男孩的”，在从句中作定语)You can go home where you can have a rest.(先行词是地点，where相当于at home，在从句中作地点状语)Do you remember the year when we were hungry every day？(先行词是时间，when相当于in the year，在从句中作时间状语）Do you know the reason why she didn’t come to our party？(先行词是原因，why相当于for the reason，在从句中作原因状语）2. 引导词作宾语时可以省略。
例如：Have you seen the book (that) I gave you yesterday？3. 引导词在定语从句中作主语，不能省略。
例如：Do you know the man who is speaking to your father？【习题演练】Ⅰ. 单项选择( )11. The boy _____ helped me yesterday is playing soccer with his friends.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. whose( )12. The music _____ the U2 band played was very popular.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. whose( )13. The girl _____ skirt is red is Tom’s sister.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that( )14. This is the best way _____ can help us earn lots of money.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. when( )15. Anyone ______ breaks the rules must be punished.A. whomB. whoseC. whichD. who( )16. We talked the things and persons ______ we were interested in.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. when( )17. There is a girl ______ is waiting for you.A. whoseB. whichC. whomD. who( )18. I’ll never forget the day _____ I first come here.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. who( )19. This is the room ______ he lived last year.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. which( )20. That’s the reason _______ he was late for school.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. which在复合句中，修饰主句中动词、形容词或副词的从句叫做状语从句。
状语从句可分为时间、条件、原因、结果、比较、目的、让步、方式八大类。
初中阶段我们需要重点掌握的有时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
◆时间状语从句常由从属连词when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 引导。
the moment, every time, each time可引出一个从句，相当于时间状语从句。
◆条件状语从句常由从属连词if, unless, so long as, as long as引导。
◆原因状语从句常由从属连词because, for, since, as引导。
◆结果状语从句常由从属连词so that, so…that, such…that引导。
◆目的状语从句常由从属连词so，so that引导。
主将从现原则：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时或具有将来的含义，从句的谓语动词常用一般现在时表将来。
【习题演练】Ⅰ. 单项选择( )1. He spoke so quickly ______ no one could follow him.A. whichB. afterC. asD. that( )2. We cannot be sure what you want ______ you tell us.A. ifB. sinceC. as soon asD. unless( )3. －When will he call you up?－_______ he comes back.A. As soon asB. SinceC. BecauseD. Unless( )4. He will not go to the cinema _____ he’s ill.A. thoughB. unlessC. whyD. because( )5. His father is _____ busy _____ he seldom goes back home.A. too; toB. so; thatC. enough; toD. such; that( )6. He was reading _____ his sister was writing.A. afterB. whileC. becauseD. as soon as( )7. ______ you have to stay at home, you’d better go over your lessons.A. ThoughB. AfterC. BeforeD. Since( )8. Alice will come to my party _____ she’s free.A. afterB. whyC. ifD. though( )9. －Wait a moment, please. He’ll be back in ten minutes.－All right. I’ll ______ here ______ he comes back.A. leave; untilB. reach; tillC. stay; tillD. wait for; until( )10. The question is _____ that nobody can answer it.A. very hardB. too difficultC. strange enoughD. so strange复合句综合练习：第一组( )1.The man said ________ he saw many strangers coming into his village.A.whenB.whetherC.whatD./( )2.The teacher told us the earth ________ the sun.A.went aroundB.goes aroundC.go aroundD.has gone around ( )3.—What are you doing now?—We are talking about ________.A.when shall we go to TianjinB.why we like TianjinC.who should we go withD.which station should we go ( )4.—Why don't you tell me ________？—I don't know either, so I can't tell you ________.A.who is that man in blue; who is the manB.who that man in blue is; who is the manC.who is that man in blue; who the man isD.who that man in blue is; who the man is( )5.Please tell me ________.I have some gifts for him.A.how has Robert comeB.where Robert isC.when will Robert leaveD.what does Robert like( )6.I don't know the girl.Could you tell me ________？A.what is her nameB.how old is sheC.who is sheD.where she comes from( )7.—What did your teacher say this morning?—She asked me ________.A.when Tom would get to schoolB.what will Tom do at schoolC.how did Tom come to schoolD.why was Tom late for school ( )8.—I can't find Mary.Where's she?—Sorry, I don't know ________.A.where has she beenB.where she has beenC.where has she goneD.where she has gone( )9.He is a famous writer ________ works are sold around the world.A.whoB.who'sC.whoseD.his( )10.Everything ________ you told me is not true.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose( )11.I still remember the day ________ we spent together.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.why( )12.None of the apples ________ are put on the table are red.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.they( )13.The boy jumped into the sea ________ he got to the beach.A.sinceB.whileC.as soon asD.so that( )14.They didn't work ________ it was dark.A.whereB.tillC.so thatD.so( )15.—You study ________ hard ________ you're sure to pass the exam.—Thank you for saying so.A.enough; toB.as; asC.so; thatD.such; that( )16.If Tom ________ the game, we'll give him a surprise.A.winB.winsC.wonD.winning( )17.I don't know if she ________ to my birthday party tomorrow.If she ________，I'll be very happy.es; comesB.will come; comeses; will comeD.will come; come( )18.I'm waiting for my friend.________，I'll go shopping alone.A.If she comesB.If she won't comeC.If she doesn't comeD.If she came( )19.Mr.Green speaks very loudly ________ all the people can hear him clearly.A.whenB.so thatC.becauseD.unless( )20.They're playing on the ground ________ I arrived.A.forB.sinceC.whenD.while第二组( )1.I'm surprised that he ________ in the library for the whole day yesterday.A.stayB.staysC.stayedD.staying( )2.I don't know ________，and now I'm thirsty.A.where I put the cupB.where did I put the cupC.how I put the cupD.how did I put the cup( )3.—I'm new here.Could you please tell me ________？—Sure.It's over there behind that tower.A.where the youth centre isB.when the library opensC.how far is the amusement parkD.how can I get to the subway station( )4.Her teacher found ________ she's a clever girl.A.whenB.whatC.ifD.that( )5.The woman asked the policeman where ________.A.the post office isB.the post office wasC.is the post officeD.was the post office( )6.We haven't found out ________，but we have known ________.A.who he is; how to search itB.who he is; to search it howC.who is he; how to search itD.who is he; to search it how( )7.—Can you tell me ________？—Sure.His home is next to the cinema.A.what is Steve doingB.what Steve is doingC.where does Steve liveD.where Steve lives( )8.—May I come in? I'm sorry I am late.—Come in, please.But could you please tell me ________？A.how do you come to schoolB.what were you doing thenC.who you talked withD.why you are late again( )9.It's the museum ________ we saw the worldfamous painting last month.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when( )10.I'm going to start a club to help students ________ are not interested in schoolwork.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which( )11.There will be a stamp show in the museum ________ we visited last week.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what( )12.The Lantern Festival is the second festival ________ comes in Chinese lunar calendar.A.thatB.whichC.itD.when( )13.It's one of the most interesting movies ________ are directed by the young director.A.whichB.whoC./D.that( )14.—What is our head teacher like, do you know?—Oh, he is very kind ________ he looks very serious.A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.when( )15.________ he felt tired, he didn't give up.A.BecauseB.ForC.WhenD.Though( )16.I will send you an email as soon as I ________ safely.A.arriveB.arrivedC.am arrivingD.will arrive( )17.The little child cried ________ he fell on the road.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.so that( )18.There is ________ little water ________ it's not enough for all of us.A.so; thatB.such; thatC.very; thatD.really; that( )19.I won't pass the exam ________ I work hard.A.wheneverB.becauseC.ifD.unless( )20.Mary is tired of learning ________ she is expected to do better than she can.A.soB.becauseC.unlessD.though参考答案：一、Ⅰ. 1-5 DDCCD 6-10 CADABⅢ.二、Ⅰ. 1. who / that helped 2. whom; is 3. whose; is 4. that / which; was 5. that; want 6. who / whom / that we visited 7. whose; was broken 8. the place where 9. the best novel that 10. that you toldⅡ. 11-15 BACCD 16-20 ADABCⅢ三、Ⅰ. 1-5 DDADB 6-10 BDCCD【课后提高】第一组1－5DBBDB6－10DADCA11－15CBCBC 16－20BBCBC第二组1－5CAADB6－10ADDCB11－15CADBD 16－20AAADB1. The movie we saw last night was fantastic.A. thatB. whatC. whoseD. Who2. The young lady is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose3. —Do you know ?—He is a dentist.A. where he is fromB. where is he fromC. what does his father doD. what his father is4. —I don’t know .—Because he has to look after his mother．A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving5. —Did the radio say ?—Yes，from Hunan.A. how the bad rice cameB. where the bad rice came fromC. how did the bad rice comeD. where did the bad rice come from6. —Dad, please tell me when Mum . I miss her very much. —She will return when she her task. And she will bring a nice present for you.A. returns; finishesB. returns; will finishC. will return; finishesD. will return; will finish7. Could you say it again? I can’t understand you are talking about.A. howB. whenC. whatD. which8. —What are you looking for?—I’m looking for the watch I bought yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whose9. —Tell me .—Well, it’s like …A. what is wrong with itB. what is itC. what the matter is with itD. what is it like10. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house has newfurniture in it.A. whoB. whereC. that11. I still remember the college and the teachers I visited in London years ago.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. which12. —Have you asked the policeman ?—Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It’s on the right.A. if there is a bank near hereB. how can we get to the nearest bankC. where can we find a bankD. when we can go to the nearest bank13. Do you know I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie!A. whomB. whenC. whereD. how14. A friend is someone says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”A. whoB. WhichC. WhatD. whose15. —Could you please tell me ?—Yes. There is one on Center Street.A. where can I buy some stampsB. when you will take your vacationC. when was the telephone inventedD. if there are any good restaurants around here16. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi?—Yes. He is an ordinary(普通的)worker helps many poor children in China. We shouldfollow his example.A. thatB. whichC. whom17. — Do you know the girl in blue is?—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.A. whoseB. howC. whatD. which18. —What kind of music do you like?—I like music I can dance to.A. thatB. whereC. who19. I’ll probably stay with my friends I get my own place to live in .A. beforeB. whenC. afterD. because20. I don’t understand that everything’s fine when it’s not.A. how can he sayB. can he say howC. he can say howD. how he can say21. If the weather fine, we have a sports meeting this weekend.A. will be; willB. is; willC. was; would22. She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition .A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whose23. I am in trouble, my best friend Li Lei always helps me.A. WheneverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. never24. He dressed________ quickly _______ he put his shoes on the wrong feet.A. so ...asB. such ...thatC. so...that25. ________our teacher is ill, ________he still comes to our class to teach us.A. though; butB. Though; /C. Although; but26. Helen didn’t know anything about it her father told her.A. ifB. becauseC. afterD. Until27. One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future________ we can face all the challenges with confidence.A. so farB. so thatC. even ifD. if only28. You can use English or Chinese________ you travel in Singapore.A. whetherB. whateverC. whereD. if29. Grace is going to give much money to charity, ________ she is not rich enough.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. though30. Your dream won’t come true________ you know what your dream is.A. afterB. unlessC. whileD. since31. Tony never spends money on buying books________ he doesn’t like reading.A. butB. becauseC. thoughD. until32. ________ you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is.A. UnlessB. BecauseC. Although33. —The local living conditions(条件) have improved a lot________Chinaset up the city of Sansha.—And more and more people would like to go there for business.A. beforeB. whenC. sinceD. after34. This is the school we visited last year.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. whose35. —What are you doing this weekend?—We are going hiking if it .A. will rainB. doesn’t rainC. rains36. We’re talking about “China Dream” these days, It’s attractiveall of the Chinese people are interested in it.A. such; thatB. so; thatC. too; to37. Many people do not realize the importance of health________ they have fallen ill.A. untilB. whileC. whenD. after38. The house Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.A. whichB. thatC. in whichD. there39. the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.A. WhenB. IfC. WhileD. Once40. —We can’t be successful________ we keep working hard.—I agree with you.A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. when 专项十三复合句答案与解析：1-5 AADAB 6-10 CCAAC 11-15 CAAAD 16-20 ACAAD 21-25 BDACB 26-30 DBDDB 31-35 BACAB 36-40 BACCB。
