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高中英语语法第1讲名词1 可数名词(1)可数名词的单、复数规那么变化：为了自己(self)活命(life)，小偷(thief)和他的妻子(wife)手里拿着刀子(knife)和一片树叶(leaf)站在架子(shelf)上，把狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)。
(2)不规那么名词的3种复数变化形式一种鱼时，其单复数形式相同。
(2)people指“人们〞时单复数同形；指“民族〞时，其复数为peoples。
(3)合成名词的2种复数形式①假设有中心词，那么把中心词变成复数；假设无中心词，那么把最终一个词变成复数。
passerby→passersby, sisterinlaw→sistersinlaw, grownup→grownups①“man/woman＋n.〞变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变复数，如women engineers。
对点练1写出以下名词的复数形式①sheep—sheep①dish—dishes①knife—knives①story—stories①tomato—tomatoes2 不行数名词(1)常见的不行数名词一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不行数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。
通常只用作不行数的名词有：milk, music, homework, housework, weather, news, butter, information, bread, advice, progress, orange(橙汁), meat, equipment, fun, luggage, luck, work(工作), traffic, furniture, wealth, word(消息), room(空间), man(人类)等。
[名师点津]word意为“消息〞、room意为“空间〞、man意为“人类〞时，通常不带任何修饰词。
佳作抢鲜背学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自我——参加篮球赛选拔)作者在参加篮球选拔赛时由于身体不够强壮，技术不够熟练而落选。
之后，听从妈妈的建议，下定决心刻苦训练……精彩范文Then I threw myself into as many basketball opportunities as I could find. I also took lessons to sharpen my skills.When summer rolled around，I threw myself into every basketball camp available.Through camp after camp，my abilities grew，and I knew I was finally in the shape necessary for tryouts.When it became a struggle to run down the basketball court，my determination fueled my discipline，bringing me to the point I knew I could reach. I became a bit taller，better－built，and much more confident.学习借鉴1.富有表现力的动词和词组sharpen my skills，rolled around，threw oneself into，fueled2.提分高级句式现在分词短语作结果状语：bringing me to the point I knew I could reach1.approve v.赞成，同意；批准；认可→approval n.赞成；批准，通过→approving adj.赞同的以练促学单句语法填空/一句多译①My mother doesn’t approve of my attending such a party, because it finishes atmidnight.②如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。
新人教版必修1Welcome Unit 一．单词背诵版exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/n [C;U] 交换; 交流; 交易vt 交换; 交流；交易; 兑换swap vt 交换exchange …with …用交换trade ,,,forlecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/n 讲座；讲课；演讲;教训vi（开）讲座；演讲；讲课vt 训斥同义词：addressspeak –speechdeliver a speech / lecture 发表演讲registration /ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn / n登记；注册；挂号register/ ˈredʒɪstə(r) /vt& vi 登记；注册n．[C]登记表；注册簿sex /seks/ n 性别sexual adj 性的；性别的female /ˈfi:meɪl/adj 女(性)的; 雌性的n 雌性动（植）物；女子male / meɪl/adj 男(性)的; 雄性的n 雄性动（植）物；男子nationality /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/ n国籍; 民族nation / ˈneɪʃn/ n国家; 民族; 国民designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n设计师; 设计者design / dɪˈzaɪn /n 设计; 方案；图案vt 设计；筹划campus / ˈkæmpəs / n校园; 校区formal / ˈfɔ:ml / adj正式的；正规的informal adj 非官方的，非正式的anxious / ˈæŋkʃəs / adj焦虑的; 不安的；渴望的anxiety n 担心；焦虑；渴望out of anxiety 出于好奇arouse one’s curiosity 激发某人的好奇心curious, curiosityannoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj（人感到）恼怒的；生气的annoy /əˈnɔɪ/ vt 使恼怒；打扰annoyance n 烦恼annoying adj 令人生气的frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/ adj（人）受惊吓的；（人感到）害怕的fright n害怕-en 动词后缀表示”使得”frighten v让某人害怕frightened adj 感到害怕的frightening adj让人害怕的scare vt 恐吓vi受惊吓(be) scared to death 吓死了scaring adj 让人害怕的scared adj 感到害怕的senior /ˈsi:niə(r)/adj（级别、地位等）较高的; 年长的n 较年长者senior high school （美国）高中junior adj 小的，初级的junior school 初中at last终于; 最后in the end = at last = finally= eventually outgoing / ˈaʊtgəʊɪŋ / adj爱交际的；外向的；开朗的impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n印象；感想make an impression 留下好印象impress /ɪmˈpres/vt 使钦佩；给…留下深刻的好印象vi 留下印象；引人注目what if 如果…会怎么样呢How come? 怎么可能？疑问词+on earth? 到底，究竟If only 但愿= sb wishguy / gaɪ / n 小伙子；男人；家伙gay 同性恋的concentrate / ˈkɒnsntreɪt / vt&vi集中（注意力）；专心于; 聚集会神concentrate (one’s mind) onpay attention to 关注错误!()the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点focus n 焦点；中心点vt 集中；聚集focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n实验；试验trial n 审判；审讯；试验trial and error 反复试验on trial 试验中leavealone 不打扰, 不惊动awkward / ˈɔ:kwəd / adj令人尴尬的; 难对付的embarrassed adj 尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrass v使得尴尬embarrassing adj 令人尴尬的embarrassment n 尴尬junior / ˈdʒu:niə(r)/adj 地位（或职位、级别）低下的n 职位较低者; （体育运动中）青少年junior high school（美国）初级中学Senior Bush 老布什Junior Bush 小布什explore / ɪkˈsplɔ:(r)/ vt& vi探索；勘探explore vt & vi 探索；探测；探究Internet Explorer IE浏览器explorer n 探险者exploration n 探险confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj自信的；有把握的confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n信心; 信任；自信心forward / ˈfɔ:wəd /adv（also forwards）向前;前进adj 向前的;前进的look forward to sth/doing 盼望；期待-ward(s) 方向for-, fore-前方put forward 提出straightforward adj 简单的；直接的；坦率的look forward to sth 期待某事the key/answer/solution to (doing) sth contribute oneself to 奉献于，致力于adjust to 调整以适应attach great importance to 认为,,,,,,重要，重视next to 靠近be used to doing 习惯做某事be accustomed to doing 习惯于做某事lead to 导致，通向take notes记笔记note 音符flash /[flæʃ/n 闪光; 信号vi 闪耀；闪光；发出信号vt 使闪耀；使闪光；发出（信号）flash card 教学卡片；识字卡organise [ NAmE- ize] /'ɔ:(r)gənaɪz/vt 组织；筹备；安排；组建vi 组建；成立organisation[ NAmE- ization] /ˌɔ:gənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n 组织; 团体; 机构goal / [gəʊl / n目标; 球门; 射门aim n 目标；目的vi & vt 瞄准；（向某方向）努力destination, 目的地，目标strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n策略；策划strategic adj 战略的，战术的partner / ˈpɑ:tnə(r)/ n同伴; 配偶；合伙人part 一部分apartment 公寓participate in 参加partnership伙伴关系depart v 离开，departure n 离开，出发curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj好奇的; 求知欲强的company / ˈkʌmpəni/ n公司；商行; 陪伴company 公司v 陪伴companion n 伙伴accompany v 陪伴firm n 公司adj结实的；坚固的；坚定的firmly adv 坚定的，结实的personality / ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti / n性格；个性-ality 名词词尾nationality 国籍style / staɪl/ n 方式; 作风hair style 发型revise / rɪˈvaɪz/ vt& vi修改; 修订；复习revise vt 复查；修正；复习revision n 复查；修正；复习review n 评价，复习book review 书评二．重点单词短语默写篇I.重点单词(I)核心单词1. n. 交换; 交流vt. 交换; 交流; 交易; 兑换2. n. 设计; 设计方案vt. 设计; 筹划3. n. 校园; 校区4. n. 目标; 球门; 射门5. n. 公司; 商行; 陪伴6. adj. 正式的; 正规的7. adj. 惊吓的; 害怕的8. adj. 外向的; 爱交际的9. adj. 令人尴尬的; 难对付的10. vt. &vi. 改进; 改善(II) 拓展单词1. register vt. &vi. 登记; 注册→n. 登记; 注册; 挂号2. annoy vt. 使……不悦; 惹恼→adj. 颇为生气的3. impress vt. &vi. 使留下深刻印象→n. 印象; 感想→adj. 给人深刻印象的4. concentrate vt. &vi. 集中(注意力); 聚精会神→n. 集中5. explore vt. &vi. 探索; 探测; 探究→n. 探险家; 勘探者→n. 探索6. organise vt. &vi. 组织; 成立→n. 组织者→n. 组织→adj. 有组织的7. anxious adj. 忧虑的; 不安的→adv. 忧虑地; 不安地→n. 担心; 焦虑; 渴望8. curious adj. 好奇的→adv. 好奇地→n. 好奇心9. nation n. 国家; 民族; 国民→n. 国籍; 民族→adj. 国家的; 国民的10. confidence n. 自信; 信任→adj. 自信的; 确信的II.核心短语1.(美国)高中2. 终于; 最终3. 留下好印象4. 要是……会怎么样呢?5. 集中精力于6.不打扰; 不惊动7.(美国)初级中学8.盼望; 期待9.记笔记10. 教学卡片; 识字卡三．重点单词短语练习篇一、单句语法填空1.Every applicant will be considered regardless of his age, sex, religion or______________ (nation).2.Notes and messages are the simplest forms of writing, which are usually short and ___________ (formal).3.By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's _____________(confident)4.The audience is waiting with _________( anxious) to see which team will win at last.5. I was told the_____________(annoy) news that they hadn’t turned up, which made me extremely ____________( annoy).6. When the cicadas get together, the decibels（分贝）will be___________(impress).7. Although ____________ (frighten), Elli and I took some pictures of the ____________(frighten) bear.8. As is known to us all, WTO stands for World Trade ___________ (organise).9. __________(personal), I don’t think your opinion is reasonable.10. There is room for further ______________ (improve) in your English.11. Good _________ (revise) can lead to a high mark in your final exam.二、语篇语法填空On the first day of high school, some people are excited, some are nervous, and others even feel frightened. Here 1.____ (be) a look at Han Jing's feelings on her first senior high school day. Han Jing wasn't 2.____ outgoing girl, so she was a bit anxious a first. She was very worried that no one would make friends with her. So she wanted to make a good first3.___________ ( impress).That morning, she had the first maths class,4.______ was difficult for her5._______________ (understand). However, the teacher was kind and humorous. He made everyone laugh a lot by6.________( tell) a funny story.At that time, Han Jing was happy to find her teachers and classmates friendly and helpful. That afternoon, they went to the science lab to do 7_____________( experiment). However, the boy next to Han Jing kept on talking to her, so that she couldn't concentrate on the experiment. That was so 8. ___________(annoy) that she even wanted to tell him to leave her alone. After the first day, Han Jing no longer 9. ____ (feel) awkward and frightened. She had more confidence 10.____ the new school life at last. What a perfect day she had, and she expected that the next day would be another perfect day.答案I.(I)核心单词1. exchange n. 交换; 交流vt. 交换; 交流; 交易;兑换2. design n. 设计; 设计方案vt. 设计; 筹划3. campus n. 校园; 校区4. goal n. 目标; 球门; 射门5. company n. 公司; 商行; 陪伴6. formal adj. 正式的; 正规的7. frightened adj. 惊吓的; 害怕的8. outgoing adj. 外向的; 爱交际的9. awkward adj. 令人尴尬的; 难对付的10. improve vt. &vi. 改进; 改善(II)1. register vt. &vi. 登记; 注册→registration n. 登记; 注册; 挂号2. annoy vt. 使……不悦; 惹恼→annoyed adj. 颇为生气的3. impress vt. &vi. 使留下深刻印象→impression n. 印象; 感想→impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的4. concentrate vt. &vi. 集中(注意力); 聚精会神→concentration n. 集中5. explore vt. &vi. 探索; 探测; 探究→explorer n. 探险家; 勘探者→exploration n. 探索6. organise vt. &vi. 组织; 成立→organiser n. 组织者→organisation n. 组织→organised adj. 有组织的7. anxious adj. 忧虑的; 不安的→anxiously adv. 忧虑地; 不安地→anxiety n. 担心; 焦虑; 渴望8. curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇心9. nation n. 国家; 民族; 国民→nationality n. 国籍; 民族→national adj. 国家的; 国民的10. confidence n. 自信; 信任→confident adj. 自信的; 确信的II.1. senior high school(美国)高中2. at last终于; 最终3. make an impression留下好印象4. what if要是……会怎么样呢?5. concentrate on集中精力于6. leave . . . alone不打扰; 不惊动7. junior high school(美国)初级中学8. look forward to盼望; 期待9. take notes记笔记10. flash card教学卡片; 识字卡一、单句语法填空1.nationalityrmal3.confidence4.anxiety5.annoying，annoyed6.impressive7.frightened，frightening anisation 9.Personally 10.improvement 11.revision二、语篇语法填空1.is2.an3.impression4.which5.to understand6.telling7.experiments8.annoying9.felt 10.in。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．ballet n．芭蕾舞2．greenhouse n．温室；暖房3．freshman n．(大学或高中)一年级新生4．literature n．文学；文学作品5．extra-curricular adj.课外的；课程以外的6．plate n．盘子；碟子7．youth n．青年时期；青春8．generation n．一代(人)9．adult n．成年人adj.成年的；成熟的Ⅱ.记重点单词1．debate n．辩论；争论v t.& v i.辩论；争论2．content n．内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题adj.满意的，满足的3．title n．(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔4．topic n．话题；标题5．extra adj.额外的；附加的6．obviously ad v.显然；明显地7．quit v i.& v t.(quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)8．schedule n．工作计划；日程安排v t.安排；预定9．adventure n．冒险；奇遇10．expert n．专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的11．focus v i.& v t.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n．中心；重点；焦点Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→teenager n．(13至19岁之间的)青少年2．volunteer n．志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的3．prefer v t.较喜欢(preferred；preferred；preferring)→preference n．偏爱；优先；偏爱的事物/人4．movement n．动作；运动；活动→move v t.& v i.移动；搬家v t.使感动5．suitable adj.合适的；适用的→suit v t.适合；适宜于n．套装，西装6．actually ad v.事实上；的确→actual adj.实际的；真实的7．challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务v t.怀疑；向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的8．confuse v t.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusion n．混乱；混淆9．fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluently ad v.流利地→fluency n．流利；流畅10．graduate v i.& v t.毕业；获得学位n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业11．recommend v t.建议；推荐；介绍→recommendation n．建议；推荐12．advance n．前进；发展v i.前进；发展v t.发展；促进→advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的13．responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibly ad v.负责地；有责任地→responsibility n．责任；义务14．solution n．解决办法；答案→solve v t.解决15．editor n．主编；编辑；编者→edit v t.编辑；剪辑→edition n．版本；版次16．survival n．生存；幸存；幸存事物→survive v i.& v t.幸存；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者17．behaviour n．行为；举止→behave v．举止，表现18．attract v t.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attraction n．吸引；吸引人的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的19．addict n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.上瘾的；入迷的→addiction n．着迷；上瘾1．accessible adj.易接近的；随和的2．accompany v t.陪伴；伴奏3．accomplish v t.完成；实现4．account n．账目；描述；理由5．accumulate v．积累；积聚6．accurate adj.精确的7．achievement n．成就8．adaptation n．适应；改编Ⅳ.背核心短语1．prefer...to...喜欢……多于……2．clean up打扫(或清除)干净3．suitable for对……适合的4．sign up (for sth)报名(参加课程)5．be responsible for对……负责6．be attracted to喜爱7．focus on集中；特别关注8．addicted to对……很入迷9．on one’s own独立地，独自地10．hand out分发Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.[recommend that sb (should) do sth]我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语，而且我很擅长它。
