Family Friends and Personal Information 家庭 朋友与个人情况

New Course Syllable for EnglishPart 1: IntroductionWith the advent of the information age and the global economy, English has become increasingly important. English is the dominant carrier of information and the most widely spoken language in the world. Many countries have made English a cornerstone of quality education when developing strategies for basic education.Since China’s reform and opening, the scale of its English education has continually grown, attended by significant achievements in teaching and learning. However, English education in its current form is failing to meet the needs of contemporary social and economic development.The current round of reforms to the English curriculum aim to end the following practices:l Over-emphasizing the transmission and explanation of knowledge about grammar and vocabularyl Neglecting to develop students’ ability to use language for realIn their place, the reforms aim to establish a curriculum that:l Develops students’ comprehensive l anguage competencel Motivates students, is relevant to their life experiences and cognitive levell Promotes task-based teaching methodsl Involves students in experiential, practical, participatory and cooperative learningl Develops students’ positive attitudes, thinking skills, practical abilities, cultural awareness and autonomy through the language learning process1. The Nature of the New CurriculumThe new English curriculum strives to accomplish far more than just help students learn English. At one level learning English should involve helping students tl Develop a certain level of comprehensive language competence and the ability to use language for real communicationl Master certain basic language knowledgel Master listening, speaking, reading and writing skillsHowever, at another level the curriculum should also serve students’ all-round development, providing them with opportunities tl Strengthen their interest in studying Englishl Grow in self-discipline, perseverance and self-confidencel Improve their cooperative, investigative and thinking abilitiesl Develop their memory, imagination and creativityl Adopt good study habits and effective learning strategiesl Develop as autonomous and lifelong learnersl Build moral integrity and a healthy outlook on lifel Establish both national spirit and an awareness of and respect for cultural differencesl Broaden their horizons and enrich their life experiencel Take part in cultural lifel Develop as individuals2. Basic Principles of the New Curriculum2.1The curriculum promotes quality education (as opposed to exam-orientated education) and the all-round development of the studentsTo promote quality education particular attention must be paid tl Valuing each student’s feelingsl Stimulating students’ interest in studying Englishl Helping students gain a sense of achievement and self-confidenceThe curriculum must go beyond developing students’ comprehensive language competence to include areas such as:l Improving students’ ability to contribute to cultural and social lifel Developing students’ practical abilitiesl Fostering students’ creativity2.2The curriculum objectives are holistic and flexible.The fundamental aim of the new English curriculum is to develop students’ comprehensive language competence. This aim is broken down into five general objectives. These objectives are then divided into nine ability levels with descriptors provided for each level. The five general objectives are:1. Language Skills2. Language Knowledge3. Attitudes to Learning4. Learning Strategies5. Cultural AwarenessThis design allows students to progress systematically through each level whilst meeting the full range of the curriculum’s demands.2.3Students are put at the centre of the curriculum and individual differences are respectedStudents’ must be at the heart of the new curricul um. For example, their developmental needs must be the central consideration when developing:l Curriculum objectivesl The teaching and learning processl The assessment processl Teaching and learning resourcesWhen implementing the curriculum each student must be allowed to develop individually under the guidance of the teacher:2.4The curriculum promotes activity-based methods, experiential and participatory learningThe curriculum promotes task-based learning whereby, under the guidance of the teacher, the students gain a sense of achievement by reaching the goals of the task. Task completion will involve the following types of learning:l Sensoryl Experientiall ‘Hands on’/practicall Participatoryl CooperativeIn order to improve their ability to use language for real communication, students should also be able tl Adjust their learning strategies and control their emotionsl Form positive attitudes towards learning2.5The curriculum recognizes the important role of formative assessment in promoting student’ developmentThe assessment system should combine formative with summative assessment. The purposes of assessment should be tl Promote students’ comprehensive language competencel Encourage and motivate studentsl Help students become more autonomous learnersl Benefit students’ healthy personal developmentl Give teachers useful feedback from which to develop teaching and learningl Inform the ongoing development and perfection of the English curriculum Formative assessment should be an important part of the English teaching and learning process with a particular emphasis on:l Encouraging students’ active participation in learningl Improving stu dents’ self-confidenceSummative assessment should focus on:l Testing students’ integrated language skillsl Testing students’ ability to use language2.6The curriculum expands the range of learning resources and opportunities available The curriculum should strive to use and develop resources whose content is:l Realisticl Close to the students’ livesl Contemporaryl Healthyl Rich and variedActive use should be made of:l Audio visual materiall Print medial The InternetStudents should be encouraged to take responsibility for finding, using and developing learning resources themselves.3. The Curriculum DesignThe curriculum follows the international practice of dividing the general objectives into different ability levels. When designing these nine levels consideration was given to the following:l The nature of language developmentl The different needs of different age groupsl The needs of different ethnic groups and areasl The economic imbalances that exist in ChinaThe aim is to have designed a system that is holistic and flexible.The correspondence between the level system and the grade system is shown in the following diagram:Diagram 1: The Levels and the GradesPart 2: Introduction to the General ObjectivesThe fundamental aim of the new curriculum is to develop students’ comprehensive language competence. This comprehensive language competence is achieved through the five general objectives as shown in the following diagram:Diagram 3: Comparison of the Old and New Curriculumsl Language skills and knowledge form the basis of comprehensive language competencel The students’ attitudes to learning strongly influence their learning and developmentl Successful learning strategies improve the effectiveness of students’ learningl Cultural awareness ensures students use language appropriatelyThe overall descriptors for comprehensive language competence (i.e. a combination of all five general objectives) for Levels 1 to 9 are presented below:Table 1: The Overall Descriptors for Comprehensive Language Competence Part 3: The General Objectives in DetailDetailed descriptors for Levels 2 and 5 of each of the five general objectives are presented in the following tables. Please refer to the translation of the senior English curriculum (available from the VSO Programme Office) for Level 6 – 9 descriptors.Table 2: Level Descriptors for Language Skills ObjectiveN.B. The original includes Language Skills descriptors for Levels 1,3,4,6,7,8 and 9Table 3: Level Descriptors for Language Knowledge ObjectiveTable 4: Level Descriptors for Affective Attitudes ObjectiveTable 5: Level Descriptors for Learning Strategies ObjectiveTable 6: Level Descriptors for Cultural Awareness Part 4: Guidelines for Implementation1. Suggestions for Teaching and Learning1.1 Lay the groundwork for students’ all-round and lifelong developmentTeaching and learning should meet the diverse needs of all students, ensuring the healthy development of their mind and body. In particular the teacher should pay attention to the following:l Encourage students to use English bravely, taking a lenient attitude towards mistakes they make during the learning process.l Provide students with ample opportunities to collaborate with others and to become autonomous learners.l Give students plenty of space for self-development.l Encourage students to develop their language skills in an integrated way through experiential, practical, cooperative and inquiry-based learning.l Create conditions that allow students to explore questions they are personally interested in and solve problems by themselves.1.2 Create a relaxed, democratic and harmonious learning environmentPositive attitudes are an essential condition for effective learning. Negative attitudes can not only reduce the effectiveness of study but also adversely affect students’ long-term development. In particular, teachers should heed the following:l Respect each individual student, actively encouraging everyone to try and safeguarding their self-esteem and enthusiasm.l Integrate students’ English education with their emotional education. Develop cooperative spirit by organizing learning activities that let students work together, help each other and experience group recognition and achievement.l Pay particular attention to introverted students or weak learners, trying to give them as many language practice opportunities as possible.l Establish a friendly and democratic channel of communication between students and teacher, frequently reflecting on the learning process and results together, and offering mutual help and support.1.3 Use task-based learning methods to promote students comprehensive language competenceTeachers should try to adopt task-based learning methods as much as possible. Teachers should creatively design learning activities that are relevant to the students’ real lives, according to the overall curriculum objectives and content. Teachers should engage students’ interest in the activity and organize them effectively so that they participate actively and complete the tasks, learning and using English through thinking, carrying out surveys, discussing, communicating and cooperating. Attention should be paid to the following points when designing tasks:l Activities must have clear and achievable aims and objectives.l Activities must be relevant to students’ life experie nces and interests; the content and style should be as true to life as possible.l Activities must benefit the development of students’ language knowledge, language skills and ability to use language for real communication.l Activities should be of a cross-curricular nature, promoting the integrated development of students’ thinking and imagination, aesthetic and artistic sense, cooperative and creative spirit.l Activities should make students gather, process and use information, using English to communicate with others in order to develop their ability to use English to solve real problems.l Activities should not purely be limited to the classroom but also extend to out of school learning.N.B. In July 2005 VSO’s curriculum adviso r, Professor Zhang Lianzhong, mentioned that this section of the curriculum will be revised such that “we will take the TBL (Task-Based Learning) approach as one of the useful tools within the big box of Communicative Language Learning.”1.4. Provide increased guidance about learning strategiesHelping students to adopt good study habits and effective learning strategies is one of the important tasks of the new curriculum. Teachers should consciously give students guidance about learning strategies so that, through learning and using English, they are learning how to learn. To this end the teacher should observe the following:l Give students chances to establish their own study targets and the means of fulfilling these.l Help students to use inference, research and inquiry style methods to carry out their learning.l Develop students’ practical abilities and creative thinking by designing inquiry based activities.l Encourage students to use observation, discovery and induction to acquire language knowledge and grasp language functions.l Help students to carry out self-assessment during the learning process and adjust their own learning objectives and strategies appropriately according to the results. 1.4 Develop students’ aware ness of and ability in cross-cultural communication Language and culture are closely related, language being the main transmitter and carrier of culture. Teachers should work hard to help students achieve the following during the English learning process:l Understand foreign cultures, especially those of English speaking countriesl Use English appropriatelyl Constantly broaden their cultural horizonsl Deepen their understanding of their own culturel Develop an awareness of and ability in cross-cultural communication1.5 Use modern teaching technology and expand learning opportunitiesIn order to increase the effectiveness of teaching and learning, teachers should make good use of modern technology, expand the range resources and opportunities through which students can learn, thereby modernizing learning ways. Conditions permitting, teachers should try tl Use audiovisual material and the Internet to enrich the learning content and form and improve outcomes.l Use computer and multi-media software to explore new teaching and learning methods and promote more individualized study.l Create conditions for students to study more independently through sensible use of a variety of learning resources, such as broadcasts, print media, libraries and the Internet.1.6 Organize lively and active extracurricular activities to promote students’ English learningTeachers should arrange a variety of extracurricular activities according to the students’ age and interests to help them expand their knowledge, broaden their horizons, strengthen their intellect and individuality and use their talents. The content and form of these carefully planned activities should be rich and varied. Suggestions include:l Recitalsl Songsl Story tellingl Speechesl Performancesl English cornerl English wall displaysl Cclass discussionsl ExhibitionsThe teacher should be good at leading these activities to maintain students’ interest and foster their creativity and initiative.1.7 Continue to develop professionallyTeachers should aim tl Familiarize themselves with the principles, objectives, content, teaching and learning methods, psychological theories and language learning research findings of this curriculuml Select and adjust English teaching and learning strategies according to their students’ psychological characteristicsl Develop their ability to organize and monitor activitiesl Use a variety of teaching skills and methods flexiblyl Master the use of modern educational technology, using it increasingly in their own continuing study and real classroom practicel Consciously deepen their knowledge of Chinese and foreign culturesl Actively and creatively explore which teaching and learning methods best suit their students’ needs, local conditions and the objectivesl Continuously reflect on their own practice, endeavouring to become a creative and research driven teacher1.8 Follow high frequency principles to ensure effective teaching and learningIn Grades 3-6 there should be a minimum of four teaching and learning periods per week, with shorter periods for the younger years. For Grades 5 and 6 classes should not exceed two periods in length. In order to ensure the effectiveness of teaching and learning, class sizes should not exceed 40 at primary level. Grades 7 –9 and senior school students should have a minimum of four lessons a week.N.B. The original provides five sample learning activities here that have not been translated.2. Suggestions for Assessment and EvaluationAssessment and evaluation is an important component of the new curriculum. Assessment should be carried out according to the requirements of the curriculum standards, focusing not only on the results but also the process of learning. The primary purposes of assessment are tl Let students continuously experience progress and success during the learning processl Let students know their own progress and build confidencel Promote all aspects of students’ comprehensive language competencel Provide the teacher with feedback on the teaching and learning processl Help the teacher reflect on their own teaching practice and adjust it accordingly l Help the teacher continuously improve the quality of their teachingl Provide the school with prompt feedback on the implementation of the curriculum l Help improve educational managementl Inform the ongoing development and perfection of the new English curriculum The assessment system should diversify both the subjects and forms of assessment. Assessment should focus on students’ comprehensive language competence, combining both formative assessment (concentrating on the study process) and summative assessment (concentrating on the learning outcomes).2.1 Ensure that students are the subjects (not objects) of assessmentStudents are at the centre of learning. The development of their comprehensive language competence should be the starting point for both teaching and learning and assessment.l Assessment should help students know their own progress, develop self-confidence, reflect on and adjust their own study process, thereby ensuring the continuous development of their language ability.l Teachers should help students carry out self-assessment.l Students should be active participants and collaborators in a variety of assessment activities.l Assessment should be an organic part of teaching and learning activities.l Assessment should help students to analyse their own successes and shortcomings, clarifying the direction in which they need to work.2.2 Make sure formative assessment plays a role in student development Formative assessment is an important component and driving element of teaching and learning. Formative assessment should check the students’ learning outcomes, attitudes and strategies during the everyday learning process. The purpose of formative assessment is to encourage students, help students adjust the learning process effectively, help students gain a sense of achievement, strengthen their self-confidence, and improve their cooperative spirit. Formative assessment helps students develop from passive objects of assessment to active participants in the assessment process. In order to let formative assessment become an organic part of the study process its important tl Establish an open and relaxed atmosphere for assessmentl Use both tests and other methodsl Use a combination of individual and small group assessmentl Encourage students, classmates, teachers and parents to collectively participate in assessment, thereby diversifying the subjects of assessmentFormative assessment can take many forms, such as:l Comparison and assessment of classroom learning activitiesl Self assessment of learning outcomesl A learning portfoliol Questionnairesl Interviewsl Feedback from parentsl Everyday quizzes and testsFormative assessment can be recorded in the form of descriptions, levels or marks. No matter what method is used, the role of assessment in encouraging learners must not be forgotten. According to the assessment results, teachers should give students individual feedback, ensuring their steady progress and encouraging them to reflect on and better themselves.2.3 Make sure assessment methods are varied and flexibleTeachers must select assessment methods suitable for the age of the students and the learning conditions. During formal assessment teachers should permit students to select assessment methods that suit their characteristics or strengths. If students getunsatisfactory results during a certain test they should be allowed to negotiate with the teacher to retake the test after sufficient preparation.2.4 Make sure assessment feedback is used to increase the effectiveness of teaching and learningThe teacher should ask themselves the following questions:l Does the assessment help promote autonomous learning and self-confidence?l Does the assessment reflect the students’ achievements?l Does the assessment reflect the teachers’ strengths and weaknesses?l Does the assessment reflect problems in the students’ learning process? Teachers should promptly adjust their teaching methods and plans according to assessment feedback.2.5 Summative assessment should focus on checking students’ comprehensive language competenceSummative assessment (such as end of term exams and graduation exams) is the main means of measuring the level of students’ comprehensive language competence. It also reflects the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process and is a major indicator of the schools’ quality in managing teaching and learning. Summative assessment must have the target of assessing students’ comprehensive language competence, striving to scientifically and comprehensively check students’ language level at the end of a particular stage of learning. The following should be observed:l Exams should include oral, listening and writing amongst other components in assessing students’ comprehensive language competence.l Listening tests must account for a minimum of twenty percent of termly, yearly and graduation exams.l Listening tests shoul d check students’ understanding and ability to gain information rather than asking them to distinguish between different pronunciations. l Writing exams should avoid testing knowledge of phonetics or grammar in isolation.l There should be an increase in questions that require students to use English in a specific language context.l Objective questions with a single correct answer should be reduced in favour of more subjective questions with several correct answers.l Exam results should not be publicly displayed nor students ranked in order of their results.2.6 Recognize the special characteristics of assessment for Grades 3 – 6The main purpose of assessment at primary level should be to encourage students’ interest and active participation in learning English. Assessment methods should be varied and choice should be offered. Formative assessment should be the main type, focusing mainly on students’ performance and ability to cooperate during a variety of everyday teaching and learning activities.l In Grades 3 and 4 end of term or end of year assessment should use assessment activities similar to normal teaching and learning activities. Through observing students’ behaviour and discussing with them teachers should assess their ability to use English to do things.l For end of term or year assessment in Grades 5 and 6 a combination of oral and written tests can be used. Oral tests should check students’ ability to use language to communicate about content close to their real lives. Written tests should focus on checking their listening and reading skills, using methods that are as active and lively as possible.2.7 Pay attention to the relationship between assessment and teaching and learning Pay attention to the proportion of teaching and learning time spent on assessment. Only carry out assessment that has useful results. Avoid over-elaborate and time-consuming assessment processes. Don’t let assessment become the sole end of teaching and learning.2.8 The assessment of each level should be founded on the general objectivesThe general objectives should be the basis for all assessment. Since the assessment of Level 2 will be organized by individual places and schools, formative assessment should be the main means. The same applies to all other levels apart from Levels 5 and 8, whose assessment is organized by national and provincial education bodies. Selection exams should unite the requirements of this curriculum with those of local conditions to establish suitable levels and test demands.N.B. Six examples of assessment documents are provide in the original. They are just listed here.Example 1: Self assessment questionnaire for Grade 7-9 students about learning strategiesIncludes statements such as:l I can concentrate during study.l During communication I use gestures and facial expressions to help express myself. l I often use associations to help study and remember new wordsStudents choose between ‘never’, ‘rarely’, ‘sometimes’, ‘often’ and ‘always’. Example 2: Assessment reference sheet for Grade 3-6 for English ‘playing, performing, watching, speaking and listening’Example 3: Formative assessment scheme for Grade 3-6 listening at Level 2 Example 4: Guidelines for using student portfoliosPortfolios might include:l Some kind of baseline assessmentl A record of the students’ classroom performance – e.g. participation in role-plays, volunteering to read something aloud, etc.l Examples of the students’ best written homework, a s selected by themselvesl Teachers’ and parents’ observations on the students’ study situationl Results of tests and quizzes marked by the teacher, student or students’ classmates, either as grades or written commentsl Students’ self-assessments and reflections on their own attitude, methods and outcomesExample 5: Guidelines for oral tests. . . . .End of term or end of year oral tests should test students’ real ability to express themselves orally. Students can be tested in groups of two, three or four. According to a situation or topic (that might be presented through words or pictures), students discuss and communicate. Teachers should assess their oral expression, communicative ability and effectiveness. The following questions may be useful:l Is information coherent and easily expressed? (Students may make grammar and vocabulary mistakes that affect the accuracy but the basic information is still transmitted effectively.)l Are the pronunciation, intonation and rhythm natural? Can the speaker be understood?l Does the speaker use appropriate communication strategies, such as repetition, clarification, using expressions and gestures, to complete the activity successfully? Example 6: Reference sheet for the assessment of writing for Levels 3 – 8.3. Exploitation and Use of Curricular Resources4. The compilation of teaching materials and guidelines for their useN.B. A full translation of these final two sections is incorporated in the translation of the senior English curriculum available from the Programme Office.. 专业word可编辑.。

高考英语阅读话题篇一：高中英语新课标和高考考试说明列出的24个话题高中英语新课标和高考考试说明列出的24个话题高中英语新课标和高考考试说明列出的24个话题1.Personal information 个人情况2.Family, friends and people around 家庭、朋友与周围的人3.Personal environment 周围的环境4.Daily routines日常活动5.School life 学校生活6.Interest and hobbies 兴趣与爱好7.Emotions 个人情感8.Interpersonal relationships 人际关系9.Plans and intentions 计划与愿望10.Festivals, holidays and celebrations 节假日活动11.Shopping 购物12.Food and drink饮食13.Health 健康14.Weather 天气15.Entertainment and sports 文娱与体育16.Travel and transport 旅游与交通nguage learning 语言学习18.Nature 自然19.The world and the environment 世界与环境20.Popular science and modern technology 科普知识与现代技术21.T opical Issues 热点话题22.History and geography 历史与地理23.Society 社会24.Literature and art 文学与艺术研究近年的高考写作题不难发现所涉及的话题都在课标或考试说明列出的24个话题之内。

根据高考写作题的命题特点，可将这24个话题整合成16个话题进行备考。

高中英语话题作文归纳与训练1◆人物人品☆课标解读指本人、家人、邻居、同学、老师、朋友和其他人的情况介绍。

社交媒体保护个人信息的英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Protecting Your Personal Information on Social MediaHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about something super important – protecting your personal information on social media. Social media is awesome and lets us connect with our friends, family, and people all over the world. But if we're not careful, we could accidentally share too much information and put ourselves at risk.First, let me explain what "personal information" means. Personal information is stuff like your full name, address, phone number, birthdate, school name, and family details. It's information that identifies who you are and where you can be found. Sharing this kind of info online can be really dangerous if it gets into the wrong hands.There are bad people out there called hackers who try to steal personal information to commit crimes like identity theft or stalking. Identity theft is when a hacker pretends to be you to open bank accounts, get credit cards, and spend your money!Stalking is when a creepy person tracks where you are and tries to find you in real life. So scary!That's why it's absolutely critical that we protect our personal information online. The internet can be wonderful, but we have to be smart and safe about what we share.Here are some tips for protecting your privacy on social media:Use a nickname instead of your real nameWhen you set up accounts on sites like Instagram, TikTok, or messaging apps, don't use your full real name. Pick a fun username or nickname that doesn't give away who you really are. That way random people can't easily find your other accounts or info about you.Don't share your birthdate, age, or locationBirthdays are personal! You don't need to blast that info to the whole internet. Same with your age and where you live - that's private stuff, so keep it to yourself online. Bad guys could use those details to figure out who you are.Check your privacy settingsMost social media platforms have privacy setting options to control who can see what you post. For accounts older kids and adults use, enable the strictest privacy levels. For kid accounts, you may need to ask parents for help locking things down properly.Be cautious about checking in and geotaggingChecking in to share your location or automatically adding geotags to your posts is a big no-no. That information lets people know exactly where you are, which isn't safe at all! Only share your location with people you 100% trust.Don't overshare or give out contact infoIt's fun to share pics and videos with friends online, but be mindful of the backgrounds - don't accidentally photograph personal documents, credit cards, your home address, etc. And never, ever give out your phone number, email, home address, or other contact details to strangers!Think before you postBefore you post anything online, pause for a sec and think: "Is there any private or embarrassing info in this post that could get me in trouble someday?" Things you share now could come back to haunt you later, so be smart!Tell parents/teachers if you see something sketchyIf you ever see posts, messages, or accounts that seem suspicious or make you uncomfortable, tell a parent, teacher, or another trusted adult right away. They can help investigate and report anything dangerous.Our personal information is just that - personal! It's private data that we need to protect so we can enjoy social media and the internet safely. Remember, once you share something online, it's out there forever where anyone could possibly see it. So let's all work together to keep our private info under lock and key!What do you think, friends? Do you understand now why protecting your personal information is so crucial when you're on social media? I really want all of us to have fun online without putting ourselves at risk. Let's make a pinky promise to always prioritize our privacy and safety! Our future selves will totally thank us.Thanks for reading my essay! I hope these tips help you navigate the awesome but sometimes risky world of social media. Stay safe out there, be smart about what you share, and keep spreading that privacy awareness. Let's go team!篇2Social Media and Protecting My Personal InformationHey friends! Today I want to talk to you about something super important - keeping our personal information safe when we use social media apps and websites. You know how we love posting photos, videos, and updates to share with our family and friends online. It's a lot of fun! But we also need to be really careful about what kinds of information we put out there.You see, the internet is like a big public space where anyone can look at the stuff we post, kind of like the park or the mall. And just like in those public places, we have to watch out for strangers and people we don't know or trust. On social media, there are bad people out there who might try to use our personal information to trick us or even steal our identities! That's why it's so important to keep certain types of information private.What is personal information anyway? It's any details that could allow someone to specifically identify you. Things like your full name, home address, phone numbers, email addresses, birthdate, social security number, and other details that make you unique. Posting these online could put you at risk of identity theft, cyberbullying, stalking, or other scary stuff.Some examples of personal info we should never share publicly online:Our full names (just use a nickname or first name)Any ID numbers like social security #, student ID, etc.Our birthdays (especially year)Our home addressOur phone numbers or email addressesPrivate photos or video that shows our house, school, etc.Details about our daily schedules or routinesEven something as simple as your favorite color or name of your pet could potentially be used by hackers to guess passwords and break into your accounts. So we have to be super duper careful!Instead of oversharing personal details, try to keep things general when you post online. For example:Not safe: "I'm so excited to go to Disney World next week for my 9th birthday!"Safer: "I'm going on a fun trip soon and can't wait!"Not safe: Posting a photo of the front of your house with the address number visibleSafer: Just posting a photo of you smiling without identifiable locations in the backgroundYou get the idea! When in doubt, don't share it. Protecting your personal info is really important online.Another big tip is to make sure our social media profiles and posts are set to private, not public. That way only people we approve can see what we share. Most apps let you adjust these privacy settings easily. We can also use strict privacy modes and settings to control who can see, share, or comment on our posts.Remember, anything we put out publicly online could potentially stay there forever and be seen or shared by anyone. So we have to think carefully before uploading and oversharing! Our personal information and privacy is really valuable and worth protecting.I know it can be tempting to want to share every fun and exciting detail online, but keeping some things private will help keep us safe. I hope these tips help you know what kinds of personal info to watch out for and keep secure. Stay safe out there in the world wide web!Let's all do our part to use social media responsibly and smartly. Telling adults you trust if anything ever seemsquestionable online is important too. Working together, we can enjoy the awesome power of technology while still guarding our privacy and personal details.Thanks for listening, friends! Now get out there andpost/share/stream safely!篇3Protecting Your Personal Information on Social MediaHi friends! Today I want to talk about something super important - keeping your personal information safe on social media. Social media can be really fun for connecting with people and sharing updates, pictures and more. But if we're not careful, it can also put our private info at risk. Let me explain why this is so important and how we can use social media safely.First of all, what is personal information? It's details about you that bullies, creeps or criminals could use to hurt or take advantage of you. Things like your full name, address, phone number, email, birth date, school name, after-school activities, when your parents aren't home, vacation plans...you get the idea. This is private stuff that's nobody else's business!Why do we need to protect this info? Well, bad people could use it to steal your identity, send you mean messages, show up where you are, or even break into your house when no one's there. No thank you! That would be SO scary.Some kids think "I'm careful, I only accept friends I actually know." But strangers can pretend to be anyone online. They make fake profiles with stolen pics and lies about who they are. If you accept them, now they can see everything you post for your friends. Not good!Another reason to be careful? Anything you share online stays there forever, forever, FOREVER. Even if you delete it later, it could already be copied and shared all over. Some kids have posted stuff they regretted later when they were applying for jobs and colleges. Employers don't want to hire people who make bad choices online. No job for you!So how can we enjoy social media but still keep our personal info under wraps? Here are my best tips:Check your privacy settings. Make your profiles private so only real-life friends you approve can see your posts and info. Don't let just anyone view your stuff.Don't share any personal details online, even on private accounts. No full names, address, phone number, email, birthdate, school name, etc. Creeps can piece things together to figure out who you are.Never post pics with ScHoOl LoGoS or other identifiable places. Stalkers could use those to find you.4 ) Disable location services so your check-ins and pic locations aren't public. Your besties already know where you are, right?Use goofy Screen Names instead of your real name. I go by ChickenNugget737 online - no idea who I really am!Think twice before posting. Don't share private moments, pics, or gossip that could be embarrassing later. That stuff is forever!Don't talk about your family's vacations or schedules online. No need to broadcast when your home will be empty!Be super careful about meeting anyone from the internet in real life. Don't go alone, bring a parent or group of friends, and meet in a safe public place.Tell parents or a trusted adult if anything creepy or inappropriate ever happens online. They can help keep you safe.Have fun, but keep things general online! Say "I'm having a great day!" instead of revealing personal deets.Following these tips doesn't just protect you - it protects your whole family too. If creeps and criminals can figure out who you are from your posts, they could go after your parents, siblings or friends as well. No one wants that!I know it's tempting to share every funny, cool or cute moment online. But keeping a low profile actually lets you have way more fun without worries! Think about it - would you rather post endless deets to impress a few randoms? Or actually enjoy fun times with the real friends and family who care about you? Real-life adventures > online sharing, always.It's a big confusing world out there, but we can navigate it safely if we're smart. Posting everything online is sooo yesterday. My friends and I are all about privacy and safety now! We still share some stuff, but only what's really necessary. And definitely no oversharing of private details.So there you have it - why and how to protect your personal information online! Social media is great when used wisely. As long as we keep our profiles locked down and don't overdo the sharing, we can safely enjoy connecting with friends. Stay safe out there, buddies!篇4Social Media and Protecting My Personal InformationHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about something super important – keeping our personal information safe when we use social media apps and websites like Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and YouTube.You see, whenever we go online and start posting photos, videos, or sharing details about our lives, we're putting a lot of private stuff out there for the whole world to see. And while that can be really fun and helps us stay connected with family and friends, it also means we have to be really careful about what information we share and who we share it with.What Is Personal Information?So what exactly is "personal information"? Well, it's any details that identify who you are or where you live. Things like:• Your full name• Your address or phone number• Your birthdate• The name of your school• Photos or videos that show your face or body• Private messages, diary entries or other secret stuffBasically, any data that someone could use to figure out your identity or locate you in the real world counts as personal information that needs to be protected.Why Protecting It MattersYou might be wondering – why is it such a big deal if some of those details get shared online? Well, there are a few important reasons we have to be cautious:Safety issues - If creepy strangers can see your name, photos, and where you live, they might try to find you in person. That's really scary and dangerous!Identity theft - Bad people could use your private information to pretend to be you online and get access to your accounts. That's called identity theft and it's illegal.Embarrassment - You probably don't want future employers, teachers or your family seeing all your goofy private photos and messages when you're older, right? Oversharing now could be embarrassing later.Scams - Sharing too much information makes it easier for con artists to trick you into giving them money or doing things you shouldn't.So as you can see, keeping our personal data on lockdown is really important for our security and privacy. Now let me give you some tips for how to do that!Tips for Staying SafeCheck your privacy settings - Most apps and sites let you control who can see your posts and profile info. Restrict access to just your real-life friends.Don't share physical locations - Avoid posting your actual address or tagging yourself at your school, home, etc. That makes it too easy for strangers to find you.Use strict account security - Pick strong passwords, enable two-factor authentication, and only accept friend requests from people you actually know.Be pic conscious - Don't post any inappropriate, embarrassing or revealing photos/videos, especially of yourself or others.Never give out private details - Don't tell people online your phone number, email, birthday, school name, parents' workplaces, etc. That data is off limits!Know what's being shared - Some apps let people share your data without permission. Check the privacy policies so you understand what's happening.Talk to parents/teachers - Adults can give you great advice on what's okay to post and what isn't. Don't be afraid to ask for help!Following these tips will go a long way toward keeping your personal information away from the wrong people online.Be Internet AwesomeI know it might seem like a lot of rules, but it's so important to stay safe in our digital world. The internet can be an awesome place to learn, play games, chat with friends and find awesome new content. But we have to be smart about protecting ourselves too.Strangers and bad actors are out there, trying to get our private details for all kinds of terrible reasons. So we've got to be one step ahead of them and keep our personal information on lockdown as much as possible.And don't worry – being careful online doesn't mean you can't have any fun or be yourself on social media. It just means being thoughtful about what you post and share so that wrong people can't take advantage of you.Staying safe should be every kid's top priority, whetheryou're on Instagram, TikTok, Roblox, or anywhere else. Because you deserve to be able to explore and express yourself without putting your security at risk.So be Internet Awesome – but also be Internet Cautious. Keep your name, birthday, videos and other delicate info just for people you trust 100%. And if you're ever feeling unsure, talk to a parent or teacher for help figuring out what's okay to share and what isn't.Your personal information is precious, so let's work together to protect it and have an awesome, bully-free time online! Thanks for listening, friends!篇5Social Media and Protecting My Personal InformationHi friends! Today I want to talk to you about something really important - staying safe on social media. A lot of us loveusing sites like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat to share photos and videos with our friends and family. But we need to be super careful about protecting our personal information when we go online.What is personal information? It's stuff like your full name, your address, your phone number, the name of your school, and other details about you and your life. This is called PII - "personally identifiable information." You wouldn't want a stranger to know all those private things about you, right? That could be dangerous!There are bad people out there who try to trick kids into giving out their personal information online. They could use it to steal your identity, send you yucky pictures or messages, or even try to meet up with you in real life. No thanks! That's why it's so important to keep your PII super duper private when you're on social media.Here are some tips for protecting your personal info online:Don't share your full name, address, phone number or email address publicly on any social media site. If a site asks for that kind of info when you're signing up, ask a parent or trusted adult for help first.Never post photos that show your home address, like pictures of the front of your house or your street name on a sign. Bad guys could use those to try and find where you live.Don't wear shirts or hats with your school name when taking photos to post online. Somebody could use that to figure out which school you go to.Avoid posting your birth date and age publicly. Predators often look for kids around a certain age to target.Be super careful about who you accept friend or follow requests from. Only connect with people you actually know in real life that your parents approve of.Don't share private details about your daily routine, like exactly where you go after school each day or what activities you do at certain times.Set your profiles to private so only approvedfriends/followers can see your posts and information. Don't let just anyone view your accounts.If anybody you don't know tries to communicate with you online and asks personal questions or wants to meet up, tell a trusted adult immediately. That's a huge red flag!Never share passwords or login information with anyone, even friends. Not ever!Trust your instincts - if somebody makes you feel uncomfortable or scared online, log off and talk to a parent or teacher right away.Following these kinds of rules about what you do and don't share on sites like Instagram, TikTok and Snapchat can go a long way towards keeping your personal information safe from creepers and criminals.Your parents and teachers probably remind you all the time to be careful online, and with good reason. The internet can be an awesome place, but there are definitely dangers out there too. Protecting your privacy and personal details should always be the top priority when using social media.It's no fun to think about the bad things that could possibly happen. But a little caution and common sense can help make sure you have a great experience connecting with friends and family through apps and sites without putting yourself at risk. Keep your personal information personal, OK? Stay safe out there, and happy posting! Let me know if you have any other questions.篇6Social Media and Protecting My Personal InformationHey friends! Today I want to talk to you about something really important - keeping our personal information safe on social media. We all love using apps like Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat to share photos, watch funny videos, and chat with our friends. But we have to be super careful about what kinds of information we put out there.You see, the internet is kind of like a big public place where anyone can see what we post and share. And we wouldn't want strangers knowing all our personal details, right? Just like we keep our home address or phone number private from people we don't know, we need to protect that kind of sensitive stuff online too.One of the biggest things to watch out for is oversharing personal details. You know how excited we get to update our profiles with our birthday, hometown, school name, and other fun facts about ourselves? Well, identity thieves and creepy people can use those little pieces of information to figure out way more than we want them to know. It's best to leave those fields blank or just put something silly and fake in there.Speaking of profiles, we also need to be careful about the kinds of photos and videos we post. You defiantly don't want to upload any pictures that give away personal information like your house number, licence plates on your family's cars, your school's name or logo, or IDs and important documents. Selfies and pet pics are awesome, but double check that there's nothing sketchy in the background.Another big risk is sharing our location through geotagging. See, most phones automatically attach location data to the pictures and videos we take, showing exactly where we were. For safety reasons, we want to turn that feature off! Otherwise, people could figure out where we live, go to school, hang out with friends...you get how creepy that is, right? The same goes for checking in and broadcasting our location on social apps.Then there's the question of who we're even connecting with online. We have to be super duper careful about accepting friend or follow requests from people we don't actually know in real life. There are tons of fake profiles out there run by creeps and identity thieves looking to get access to your personal details and private info. If you don't know them, don't accept!And I know how tempting it is to play those fun quiz games that ask tons of personal questions to get your results. But thosecan be designed by hackers to sneakily get you to spill sensitive details without you even realizing it! Same with random online surveys promising prizes - they're just phishing for private data. No matter how silly or fun they seem, it's best to avoid them.Oh, and we can never, ever share passwords, PINs, credit card numbers, our home address, or other super private codes and credentials on social media. Our parents have drilled this into our heads, but it's so important to repeat - keep that stuff 100% offline and away from the internet!I know, I know, this is starting to sound like a big scary list of don'ts and can'ts. But keeping our personal information under wraps online is just as important as locking our front door at home. We're protecting ourselves from bad people with bad intentions.The internet can definitely be an awesome place. But just like we use street smarts to stay safe in public, we've got to use net smarts too. Don't share too much, watch what you post, restrict location services, connect only with real friends, and steer clear of anything that seems phishy.It's a big responsibility, but staying in control of our online privacy and personal data is the key to having a fun, positive experience while using social media. Our safety has to come first!Does this make sense to you guys? Let me know if you have any other tips to add or questions. We've got to look out for each other!。

高考大纲英语目录考核目标与要求 (3)附录 1语音项目表 (5)附录 2语法项目表 (6)附录 3功能意念项目表 (9)附录 4话题项目表 (12)附录 5词汇表 (13)考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录 1 至附录 5），要求词汇量为 3500 左右。

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。

考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。

1.基本读音(1)26 个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专有名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing 形式(3)动词的-ed 形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录 3 功能意念项目表1.社会交往 (Social Communications)(1)问候 (Greetings)(2)介绍 (Introduction)(3)告别 (Farewells )(4)感谢 (Thanks )(5)道歉 (Apologies)(6)邀请 (Invitation)(7)请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助 (Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11)约会 (Making appointments)(12)打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13)就餐 (Having meals)(14)就医 (Seeing the doctor)(15)购物 (Shopping)(16)问路 (Asking the way)(17)谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18)语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意 (Reminding)(20)警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21)劝告 (Advice)(22)建议 (Suggestions)2.态度 (Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29)意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33)冷淡 (Indifference)(34)判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3.情感 (Emotions)(35)高兴 (Happiness)(36)惊奇 (Surprise)(37)忧虑 (Worries)(38)安慰 (Reassurance)(39)满意 (Satisfaction)(40)遗憾 (Regret)(41)同情 (Sympathy)(42)恐惧 (Fear)(43)愤怒 (Anger)4.时间 (Time)(44)时刻 (Point of time)(45)时段 (Duration)(46)频度 (Frequency)(47)时序 (Sequence)5.空间 (Space)(48)位置 (Position)(49)方向 (Direction)(50)距离 (Distance)6.存在 (Existence)(51)存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7.特征 (Features)(52)形状 (Shape)(53)颜色 (Colour)(54)材料 (Material)(55)价格 (Price)(56)规格 (Size)(57)年龄 (Age)8.计量 (Measurement)(58)长度 (Length)(59)宽度 (Width)(60)高度 (Height)(61)数量 (Number)9.比较 (Comparison)(62)同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63)差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10.逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65)原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66)目的 (Purpose)11.职业 (Occupations)(67)工作 (Jobs)(68)单位 (Employer)附录 4 话题项目表1.个人情况 (Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3.周围的环境 (Personal environments)4.日常活动 (Daily routines)5.学校生活 (School life)6.兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情 (Emotions)8.人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11.购物 (Shopping)12.饮食 (Food and drink)13.健康 (Health)14.天气 (Weather)15.文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16.旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17.语言学习 (Language learning)18.自然 (Nature)19.世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21.热点话题 (Topical issues)22.历史与地理 (History and geography)23.社会 (Society)24.文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录 5 词汇表Aa(an) art abandon v ability nable a abnormalaaboardprep abolish v abortion n about ad & prep above prep,a & ad abroadad abrupt a absence n absent a absolute a absorb v abstract a &n absurd a abundant a abuse v academic a &n academy n acceleratev accent n accept v access n & v accessible a accidentna c c o m m o d a t i o nna c c o m p a n yv accomplish v account n accountant n accumulate v accuracy n accurate a accuse v accustomed a ache v & n achieve v achievement n acid a acknowledgev acquaintancenacquire v acquisition n acre nacrossprepact n & v action nactive aactivity nactor nactress nactual aacute aAD abbrad=advertisement n adapt v adaptationn add v addicted a addition n address n adequate a adjust v adjustment n administrationn admirable a admire v admission nadmit v adolescencen adolescent a &n adopt vadore vadult nadvance v &n advantagen adventurenadvertise v advertisement nadvice nadvise v advocate v affair naffect vaffection nafford v afraid a Africa n African a & n afterad,prep&conjaft ernoon nafterward(s) ad again adagainstprepage nagency nagenda nagent n aggressive aago adagree v agreement n agriculturala agriculturenahead adaid n & vAIDS naim n & vair naircraft nairline nairmail nairplane nairport nairspace nalarm n & valbum n alcohol n alcoholica & n algebra nalike adalive aall ad,a & pron allergicaalley nallocatevallow v allowance n almost ad alone aalong ad & prep alongsidead aloud ad alphabet n already ad also ad alternativea althoughconj altitude n altogetherad aluminium(Am aluminum) nalways adam v(be) a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze va m a z i n gaa mb a s s a d o rn a mbassadress n ambiguous a ambition n ambulance n America n among prep amount n & v ample a amuse v amusement n analyse v analysis n ancestornanchor v &n ancienta andconj anecdotenanger n angle nangry a animal n ankle n anniversaryn announce v annoy vannual a another a & pron answer n & v ant nAntarctic a antique n anxiety n anxious a any pron & a anybodypron anyhow ad anyone pron anythingpron anyway ad anywhere ad apart ad & a apartmentn apologizev apology n apparent a appeal v & n appear v appearancen appendix n appetite n applaud v & n apple n applicant n applicationn apply v appoint v appointment n appreciate v appreciationn approach n & va p p r o p r i a t eaa p p r o v a lna p prove v approximately ad apron narbitrarya archnarchitectn architecturenArctic aare v(be)area nargue v argument narise(arose,arise n) v arithmeticnarm n & v armchair narmy naround ad & prep arrangev arrangement n arrest varrival narrive varrownartnarticlenartificiala artist nas ad,conj & prepash n ashamed a Asia n Asian a &n asideadask v asleep a aspect n assess v assessmentn assistv assistance n assistant n associate v associationn assume v assumptionn astonish v astronaut n astronomern astronomy n at prep athlete n athletic aAtlantic a atmosphere n atom n attach v attack v & n attain v attemptv & nattend v attentionn attitude n attractvattractionnattractiveaaudience naunt nauthentic aauthor nauthority nautomatic aautonomousaautumn navailable aavenue naverage a &n avoid vawake(awoke,awoken) v & a award naware aaway adawesome aawful aawkward aBbaby nbachelor nback ad,a &n backgroundnbackward(s) ad basin nbacon n basis n bacterium(plbacteria)n basket nbad(worse,worst)abasketball n badminton n bat nbag n bath nbaggage n bathe vbakery n bathroom n balance n bathtub n balcony n battery nball n battle nballet n bay nballoon n BC abbr bamboo n be(am,is,are,was,ban n & v were,being,been)v banana n beach nband n bean nbandage n bank n bar n bean curd n bear1 n bear2 vbarbecue n beard n barber n beast nbarbershop n beat(beat,beaten) v & nbare a beautiful abargain n & vbark v & n barrier n base n baseball n basement n basic aWORD完美格式beauty n becauseconjbecome(became,become) v bedn beddings n bedroom n bee nbeef nbeer nbeforeprep,ad&conjbeg vbegin(began,begun)v behalfnbehave vbehaviour(Am behavior)n behind prep & adbeing nbelief nbelieve vbell nbelly nbelong vbelowprepbelt nbench nbend(bent,bent)v beneathprepbeneficiala benefitn & v benta & n beside prep besides prep & ad betray v betweenprep beyondprep bicyclenbid v & nbig abike=bicycle n bill nbingonbiochemistrynbio graphy n biology n bird nbirth n birthday n birthplacenbiscuit n bishop nbit nbite(bit,bitte n) v bitterablack a & n blackboard n blame n & v blank n & a blanketnbleed vbless vblind ablock n &v bloodnblousenblow(blew,blown)v blue n & a board n & vboat nbody nboil v bomb n & v bond n & v bonen bonus n book n & v boom n & v boot n booth n border n bored a boring a born a borrow v boss n botanicala botany n both a & pron bother v bottle n bottom n bounce v bound a boundary n bow v & n bowl n bowling n box n boxing n boy n boycottvb r a i nnb r a k en & vb r a nc hnbrand nbrave abravery nbread nbreak(broke,broken)v & n breakfastn breakthrough nbreast nbreath nbreathe vbreathlessabrewery nbrick nbride nbridegroom nbridge nbrief abright abrilliant a bring(brought,brought)v broad a broadcast(broadcast, broadcast 或-ed,-ed)v brochurenbroken abroom n brother n brown n & abrunch nbrush v &n Buddhism nbudget nbuffet nbuild(built,built) vbuildingnbunch nbungalow nburden nbureaucraticaburglar nburn(burnt,burnt 或-ed,-ed)v & nburst vbury vbus nbush nbusiness nbusinessman/woman(pl businessmen/ women)n busy abut conj &prep butchern & v butter n butterflyn button n & vbuy(bought,bought) v by prepbye intC c a bnc a b b a g enc a f enc a f eteria ncage ncake ncalculate vcall n & vcalm a &v camelncamera ncamp n &v campaignncan1(could);can’t=cannot modal v can2 ncanal ncancel vcancer ncandidate ncandle ncandy ncanteen ncap ncapital ncapsule ncaptain ncaption ncar ncarbon ncard ncare n & vcareful acareless a carpenterncarpet ncarriage ncarrier ncarrot ncarry vcartoon ncarve vcase ncash n & v cassettencast(cast,cast)v castlencasual acat ncatalogue n catastrophe ncatch(caught,caught)v categoryncater v Catholic a cattlen cause n & v caution ncautious acave nCD=compact disk nc e i l i n gnc e l e b r a t evc e l e b ration ncell ncent ncentigrade a centimetre(Am centimeter) n central acentre(Am center)n centuryn ceremony n certain a certificatenchain nchair nchairman/woman(pl chairmen/women) n chalk nchallenge n challengingachampion nchance nchange n &v changeableachannel nchant v & nchaosnchapter n character n characteristic a & ncharge v & nchart nchat n & vcheap acheat n &v checkn &v cheekncheer n &v cheerfulacheers int cheese nchef nchemical a &n chemist n chemistryncheque(Am check) n chess nchest nchew vchicken nchief a &nchild(pl children)n childhood n chocolate nchoice nchoir nchoke n & v choose(chose,chosen) v chopsticks nchorus nChristian nChristmas n church ncigar ncigarette n cinemancirclen&v circuit n circulate v circumstance n circus n citizen ncity ncivil a civilian n civilizationn clapvclarify v class n classic a classify v classmate n classroom n claw nclay nclean v &a cleanernclear aclerk nclever aclick v climate nclimb v clinic n clock n clone v close a &ad cloth n clothes n clothing n cloud n cloudy a club n clumsy a coach ncoal ncoast ncoat n cocoa n coffee ncoin n coincidence n coke ncold a & n collar n colleaguen collect v collectionn college ncollision ncolour(Am color) n & v comb n & vcombine vcome(came,come) v comedy ncomfortncomfortableacommand n & v comment n commercial a commit v commitment n committee n common a communicate v communicationn communism n communist n & a companion n company n compare v compass n compensate v compete v competence n competition n complete a & v complex a & n component n composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer nconcentratev concept n concern v & n concert n conclude v conclusionn concrete a condemn v condition n conduct v conductor n conferencen confident a confidentiala confirm v conflict n confuse v congratulatev congratulationn connect v connection n conscience n consensus n consequencen conservationn conservativea considerv consideratea considerationn consist v consistentac o n s t a n tac o n s t i t u t i o nn construct v constructionn consult v consultant n consume v contain v containern contemporary a content1 n content2 a continent n continue v contradict v contradictorya contrary n & a contributev contributionn control v & n controversiala convenience n convenient a conventionalac o n v e r s a t i o nnc o n v e yv convince v cook n & v cooker n cookie n cool acopy n & v corn ncorner n corporationn correctv & a correction n correspond v corrupt a & v cost n & v cosy(Am cozy) a cottage n cotton n & a cough n & v could modalv count v counter n country n countryside n couple n courage n course ncourt n courtyard n cousin n cover n &v cow ncrash v & n crayon n crazy acream ncreate vcreature n credit n crew n crime n criminalncriterion(pl criteria) n crop ncross n & v crossing n crossroadsncrowd n &v cruel acry n & vcube ncubic acuisine nculture ncup ncupboardn curen & vcurious acurrency n curriculumncurtain ncushion ncustom ncustomer n customs ncut(cut,cut)v & ncycle vcyclist nDdad=daddy n daily a,ad &n dam n damage n &v damp a &n dance n& v dangern dangerous a dare v & modal v dark a & n darkness n dash v &n data n database n date n &v daughterndawn nday ndead a deadline n deaf adeal ndear adeath n debate n & v debt n decade ndecide vdecision n。

《普通高中英语课程标准》功能意念项目表1.社会交往〔Social Communications〕〔1〕问候〔Greetings〕〔2〕介绍〔Introduction〕〔3〕告别〔Farewells〕〔4〕感谢〔Thanks〕〔5〕道歉〔Apologies〕〔6〕邀请〔Invitation〕〔7〕请求允许〔Asking for permission〕〔8〕祝愿和祝贺〔Expressing wishes and congratulation s〕〔9〕提供帮助〔Offering help〕〔10〕接受或拒绝〔acceptance and refusal〕〔11〕约会〔Making appointments〕〔12〕打〔Making telephone calls〕<13〕就餐〔Having meals〕〔14〕就医〔Seeing the doctor〕〔15〕购物〔Shopping〕〔16〕问路〔Asking the way〕〔17〕谈论天气〔Talking about weather〕〔18〕语言交际困难〔Language difficulties incommunication〕〔19〕提醒注意〔Reminding〕〔20〕警告和禁止〔Warning and prohibition〕〔21〕劝告〔Advice〕〔22〕建议〔Suggestions〕2．态度〔Attitudes〕〔23〕同意和不同意〔Agreement and disagreement〕〔24〕喜欢和不喜欢〔likes and dislikes〕〔25〕肯定和不肯定〔Certainty and uncertainty〕〔26〕可能和不可能〔Possibility and impossibility〕〔27〕能够和不能够〔Ability and inability〕〔28〕偏爱和优先选择〔Preference〕〔29〕意愿和打算〔Intentions and plans〕〔30〕希望和愿望〔Hopes and Wishes〕〔31〕表扬和鼓励〔Praise and encourage〕〔32〕责备和抱怨〔Blame and complain〕〔33〕冷淡〔Indifference〕〔34〕判断与评价〔Judgment and evaluation〕 3.情感〔Emotions〕〔35〕高兴〔Happiness〕〔36〕惊奇〔Surprise〕〔37〕忧虑〔Worries〕〔38〕安慰〔Reassurance〕〔39〕满意〔Satisfaction〕〔40〕遗憾〔Regret〕〔41〕同情〔Sympathy〕〔42〕恐惧〔Fear〕〔43〕愤怒〔Anger〕4．时间〔Time〕〔44〕时刻〔Point of time〕〔45〕时段〔Duration〕〔46〕频度〔Frequency〕〔47〕时序〔Sequence〕5．空间〔Space〕〔48〕位置〔Position〕〔49〕方向〔Direction〕〔50〕距离〔Distance〕6．存在〔Existence〕〔51〕存在与不存在〔Existence and non-existence〕 7.特征〔Features〕〔52〕形状〔Shape〕〔53〕颜色〔color〕〔54〕材料〔material〕〔55〕价格〔Price〕〔56〕规格〔Size〕〔57〕年龄〔Age〕8.计量〔Measurement〕〔58〕长度〔Length〕〔59〕宽度〔Width〕〔60〕高度〔Height〕〔61〕数量〔Number〕9．比较〔Comparison〕〔62〕同级比较〔Equal comparison〕〔63〕差别比较〔Comparative and superlative〕〔64〕相似和差别〔Similarity and difference〕10.逻辑关系〔Logical relations〕〔65〕原因和结果〔Cause and effect〕〔66〕目的〔Purpose〕11.职业〔Occupations〕〔67〕工作〔Jobs〕〔68〕单位〔Employer〕四、话题项目表说明：标*号的项目为八级要求。

一、个人、家庭、朋友与周围人的情况(Personal Information, family, friends and people around)【考纲要求】1、个人情况（Personal background）（1）个人信息（personal information）（2）家庭信息(Family information )（3）学校信息(School information )（4）兴趣和爱好(Interests annd hobbies)（5）工作与职业(Jobs and careers)2、家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family, friends and people around）（1）家人和亲友（Family and relatives）（2）朋友（Friends）（3）其他人（Other people）3、个人兴趣（Personal interests）(1 )游戏与休闲(Games and leisure)（2）爱好(Hobbies)（3）娱乐活动(Entertainment)（4）旅游(Tourism)【学习目标】1．掌握描述个人、家庭、朋友与周围人的基本词汇以及它们的用法。

2．学会用两种基本句型来描述人：（1）主＋系动词＋形容词作表语。

（2）一般现在时与一般过去时的灵活使用。

3、听：能听懂简单的个人、家庭、朋友与周围人的情况表述和询问相关情况的问题。

4、说：能简单介绍个人、家庭、朋友与周围人的情况。

5．读写综合：能读懂介绍个人、家庭、朋友与周围的人的情况的文章，并能用80个词左右写一篇介绍人物的小短文。

(内容可如下：姓名，年龄，职业，外貌，性格，兴趣爱好，关系等)重点词汇1、Family members(家庭成员)父母parents 祖父母grandparents 兄弟brother 姐妹sister 姨aunt 叔叔uncle, 表兄弟/姐妹cousin 儿子son女儿 daughter亲属/亲戚 relative2、Friends and people around(朋友和周围的人)同学classmate 笔友pen pal 老师teacher 医生doctor 邻居neighbor 工人worker 农民farmer 律师lawyer 商人businessman经理manager 司机driver 护士 nurse 记者reporter 警察policeman 歌手singer 艺术家artist 作家writer 音乐家musician 工程师engineer3、Personal information(个人信息)年龄age 出生be born 电话号码telephone number邮箱地址e­mail address 班级class 年级grade 学校school 居住live 上班go to work 工作work4、Appearance(外貌)高的tall 矮的short 直发straight hair卷发curly hair 胖的heavy/fat 瘦的thin5、Personalities(性格)善良的kind 温柔的gentle 活泼积极的active 外向的outgoing严肃的serious 安静的quiet 害羞的shy 沉默的silent6、Interests and hobbies(兴趣爱好)喜欢like 学习study 骑自行车ride a bike 游泳swim开小车drive a car 相处get on with 照顾take care of 在……岁时at the age of 在他40多岁时in his forties 上学go to school 努力工作work hard在困难中in trouble 帮助他人help others花时间做某事spend time doing sth 擅长于做某事be good at/do well in sth重点句型1．both…and…我父母都是医生。

2024年寒假作业七年级英语全册通用版Unit 1 Getting to Know Each OtherIn this unit, students will learn how to introduce themselves and others, ask and answer questions about personal information, and talk about hobbies and interests. Key Vocabulary:1. introduce2. personal information3. hometown4. nationality5. hobby6. interestGrammar Focus:1. Present Simple tense for introducing personal information2. Question forms using 'What', 'Where', 'Who', 'How'3. Verb 'to be' for describing nationality and hometown Key Phrases:1. Hello, my name is...2. I am from...3. I like to...4. My hobbies are...5. What is your nationality?6. Where are you from?Unit 2 Family and FriendsIn this unit, students will learn how to talk about their families and friends, describe family members, and discuss relationships.Key Vocabulary:1. family2. relative3. friend4. brother5. sister6. cousinGrammar Focus:1. Possessive adjectives for family members2. Simple past tense for describing past events3. Comparative adjectives for describing relationships Key Phrases:1. I have a big family.2. My sister is younger than me.3. My best friend is...Unit 3 Daily RoutineIn this unit, students will learn how to talk about daily routines, describe activities they do every day, and discuss their schedules.Key Vocabulary:1. routine2. activity3. morning4. afternoon5. evening6. scheduleGrammar Focus:1. Present Simple tense for daily routines2. Time expressions for different parts of the day3. Adverbs of frequency for describing how oftenactivities are doneKey Phrases:1. I wake up at...2. I have breakfast at...3. I go to bed at...By studying these units, students will have a solid foundation in English language learning and be better prepared for their future studies. Good luck with your English learning journey!。

2021年高考英语考试大纲（全国卷）最新解读考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1 至附录5），要求词汇量为3500 左右。

【解读】语言知识主要是附录所列全部内容，多年无变化，但“稳中有变”。

甚至高考出题也可能超出附录的范围，比如2019年全国I卷61题，考查了同位语从句。

即使超出附录的范围，也是高中阶段学习的常用结构。

另外，高考对词汇的要求越来越高。

不仅对词汇量的要求提高，对词汇的运用能力要求也大大提高。

二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】第一节的五个小题主要考查考生理解简单的事实性信息和进行简单的推理判断和基本计算的能力。

第二节主要考查考生对语音材料的整体理解能力，要求考生能够理解对话或独白的主旨和要义，获取事实性的具体信息，对对话的背景、说话者之间的关系等做出正确的推理判断，理解说话者的意图、观点或态度等。

听力部分的难度逐步上升，特别是词汇与结构的要求逐步提高。

但总的来说，只有平时保持一定量的听力训练，听力部分还是比较容易得满分的。

2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】阅读理解能力的要求一直没有大的变化，四大题型，六个方面。

选项设计也不可能有大的变化。

唯一的变化就是对词汇量的要求和对词汇运用能力的要求有了较大的提高。

考生只要培养好“积累意识”，能够做到天天积累，同时每天坚持一定量的阅读，注意解题方法的培养，阅读理解部分就容易得高分。

1.Personal information个人情况I am a girl/boy.My name is Jiajia.I am a pupil in Shenyang.I like English very much,and I like singing,too.I go to school five days every week. My school is not far from my home,and it is a nice school.There are 100 teachers and 1000 students in my school.There are 25 classes in my school.My Chinese teacher is tall, my English teacher is tall,too.I love them a lot.Welcome to my school.注意：根据要求可以给便内容，如父母的工作，自已所在的年级，家庭关系（高频词汇一定要记住harmony和谐，harmonious和谐的，my family is very harmonious..MyselfHi!I am a happy and quiet girl.I am from Chin.I am twelve years old,I am a pupil,I am in Class Three Gread Four.I many good friends.I like many pet,the peacock panda rabbit and bird,they are lovely.I am tall ,I have around face,these are big eyes small mouth small nose on my face.I have a black long hair.I like eatting apple banana eggpiant chicken and...I like music sing run pinting...I often saying: book is my good frieng,I like it!Whate am I?Yes,my name is Lv Enhui.Do you like me?2.Family,friends and people around家庭，朋友，与周围的人My friendsI have many friends. One of them is my CLASSmate Ma Hua.He is a League member and one of the best students in my CLASS.He is fond of English and good at it. He often practises reading aloud. So he has a good pronunciation. He is always ready to help others. With his help I have made great progress. I have made up my mind to catch up with him and to join the League in the near future.我和我的父母（My parents and I）I live in a happy family. My father is a teacher. My mother is a nurse and I am a middle school student. My parents both work hard and I study hard. Every morning we hurry to different places to work and study. In the afternoon, we return to the same house. Although my parents are busy during the day, they always take care of my study. In the evening my father always helps me with my homework. At weekends, my parents often take me out to shops and parks. My parents love me very much and I love them, too. My family is really a happy one.3.Personal environments周围的环境我的学校(My school)My school is beautiful, clean and quiet.It has got three buildings ,a big playfround and a garden.In the garden ,there is a lots of trees, flowers,grass and birds.The buildings is big and new.The first building has got five floors. There are many classroom and the Principal's office.In the second building,there are three floors.There is a computer room,a liabry,a language lab,an activity room and some class room.In third building, there is a dance studio,a sports room .And there are several classrooms.In the playground we have a runway,a basketball court and a soccer pitch.After school,there are many student onthe play ground to play brasket ball and football.In our schools, there are 21 classes and more than 100 teachers and more than 1000 students. Teachers are fridenly and very kind.We love them very much.This is my school.Isn'n lovely?I like the marketIt is the maket yesterday.My mother asked me to buy some vegetables .So I took some money and went to the market .There were many things in the market. There were cattots,tomatoes lettuces and some other things.I didn't know what should i buy.Oh,I like the carrots.I took them.And I like the meat .I bought some meat.Oh.I like that,that.....But my money was not much.I had to go home with these things.4.Daily routines 日常生活我的日常生活(My Daily Routine)I have the same routine from Monday to Friday. I usually get up at five fifty. Then I have breakfast. At six thirty, I go to school. I don’t ride a bike. I go to school on foot. I have five lessons in the morning. I do morning exercises with my classmates after the second lesson. At eleven thirty, I go home for lunch. In the afternoon, I have three lessons. After class, we often have sports in the playground. At five, I go home. After supper, I do my homework. At about ten, I go to bed. I am happy every day.5.School life学校生活Our School LifeI don＇t think our school life is colorful. Because we＇ve got so many classes every day. I wonder whether we can change our school life someday. You see, from Monday to Friday, I have to stay at school. the only relaxation is to listen to the radio or play ball games. At weekends, we need to go to school to have classes, too. I know it＇s very important for us to study well now. As the saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. "I want to step into the nature. I hope we will have.examda more activities such as visiting museums, taking part in different kinds of contests, attending some lectures and so on. Is it only a dream?6.Interests and hobbies(兴趣与爱好)HobbyI like play football very much.I think it is one of the most popular way to relax.And it can help your body grow more strong.I often play football on PE lesson and after school.In this way I make friends with a lot of football-liker.we always play together.Football bring me so much,I like it!My hobbyThere are a great many hobbies to choose from. Some people enjoy collecting coins or stamps, others choose to spend their time on sports or music. I have many hobbies, but playing basketball is a favourite one. At weekends we always build a team to play basketball against another one in our neighbourhood. The competitions brought us so much fun. I think playing basketball is a good way to build up one's body and relax oneself. But I will always remember that it's unwise to spend too much time playing.7.Emotions个人情感学会微笑(Learn To Smile)Smile, how warm the word is! It can make anyone happy. And this happiness is from the bottom of heart.It's not like enthusiastic laughter, but just warm, makes your heart warm.Mother's smile is like a spring wind, so gentle when you are sad, it can make you happy again; when you fail, it can make you stand up and work hard again; when you give up, it can make you try your best again…Smile, so easy, but also so useful.So, let's learn to smile. Everyone needs others' smile. When we give others a smile, we willfeel happy, too. And maybe next time, when you need a smile, the person who received your smile will give it to you.Let's learn to smile often, I believe it can even make the whole warm. Living with a smile, every day will be sunshine.8.Interpersonal relationship人际关系礼貌(Manner)Manners are important to happy relations among people. No one likes a person with bad manners. A person with good manners never laughs at people when they are in trouble. Instead，he tries to offer help. When he asks for something，he says “please”and when he receives something，he always says “thanks”。