考博英语词汇语法模拟题【一】

考博英语模拟试题在准备考博英语考试时，模拟试题是非常重要的练习方法。

通过不断地做模拟试题，可以帮助考生熟悉考试形式和题型，提高应试能力并更好地应对考试考查的内容。

下面是一份考博英语的模拟试题，供大家参考。

第一部分：听力理解第一节（共5题）1. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The benefits of studying abroad.B. The difficulties of studying abroad.C. The differences between studying at home and abroad.2. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a coffee shop.B. In a university.C. In a library.3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She needs to improve her writing skills.B. She should focus more on her grammar.C. She should seek help from a tutor.4. What does the woman think the man should do first?A. Revise his essay.B. Read the feedback.C. Talk to the professor.5. What is the man's overall opinion about the assignment?A. It was easy.B. It was challenging.C. It was interesting.第二部分：阅读理解Questions 6-10Do preset study routines work better for you when you study at night? There have been numerous studies that analyze when it is best to study. Some suggest a shift in materials shortly before sleep, before switching sleep cycles. Others believe that morning study sessions could mean higher success rates on exams. Nonetheless, the question remains about when it is best to study, rather than if it is best at all.6. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The benefits of studying at night.B. The importance of study routines.C. The best time to study.7. According to the passage, what do some studies suggest about studying before sleep?A. It leads to higher exam scores.B. It helps with sleep cycles.C. It is not recommended.8. What is the main focus of the studies mentioned in the passage?A. The duration of study sessions.B. The time of day for studying.C. The type of material studied.9. Why do some believe morning study sessions are beneficial?A. They improve memory retention.B. They lead to better sleep.C. They result in higher success rates.10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The best study materials to use.B. The benefits of preset study routines.C. The ongoing debate regarding when to study.......通过这份模拟试题的练习，考生可以更好地了解考博英语考试的题型和内容，从而有针对性地进行备考。

考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。

考博英语词汇语法练习题(附答案详解)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1考博英语词汇语法题考前恶补、全真模拟试题1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.A. he was knowingB. he is knowingC. having a knowledge ofD. knows2. You ______that letter to James. However, you didn’t.A. ought to writeB. ought to have writtenC. should writeD. should be writing3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room. A. to escape B. to have escapedC. to escapingD. to be escaping4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.A. isB. areC. wereD. be5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______very pleasant to sit on in summer.A. which isB. which it isC. it isD. where it is6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful.A. inB. ofC. onD. by7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ______last night.A. must studyB. should have studiedC. must have studiedD. is sure to study8. Frank almost never received any education, ______?A. would heB. did heC. didn’t heD. wouldn’t he9. Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______too late to do anything.A. will arrive...isB. should arrive...wereC. arrives...will beD. arrives...would be10. We can hear ______from the back of the room.A. just as goodB. just as easyC. just as wellD. easily as well11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______of paint on a clean surface.A. coats B. levels C. times D. courses12. The small mountain village was______ by the snow for more than one month.A. cut backB. cut outC. cut offD. cut away13. Miss Green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.A. finedB. chargedC. punishedD. posed14. Modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.A. techniqueB. technologyC. tacticsD. tendency15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it ______when she was trying to go to sleep.A. soundingB. ringingC. tickingD. humming16. Under this ______ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.A.intensive B. weighty C. intense D. bulky17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ______ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.A. maximumB. minorityC.majority D. minimum18. Nancy was surprised that they have______. They seemed to be a happy couple.A. split upB. broken downC. fallen throughD. knocked out19. The beach is in an ideal ______ to draw tourists.A. conditionB. situationC. stateD. publicity20. Our ______ sensitivity decreases with age. By age60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds.A. sensibleB. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensory21. The eldest child is thoroughly ______ because they always give him whatever he wants.A. wastedB. spoiledC. destroyedD. uneducated22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ______ a gas.A. give intoB. give overC. give offD. give away23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ______ with him at once.A. peaceB. largeC. easeD. best24. —Can you take the day off tomorrow?—Well, I’ll have to get ______ from my boss.A. permissionB. permitC. allowanceD. possession25. The ______in Janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.A. weaknessB. meritC. defectD. shortcoming您的得分率为： / 25试题答案与解析1. C) 【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。

考博英语（词汇）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its ______form.A．correctB．accurateC．genuineD．perfect正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：correct正确的，合适的：accurate精确的，准确的；genuine纯正的；perfect完美的，完善的。

根据句意判断，答案是C。

知识模块：词汇2．The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another______decision to be made.A．criticalB．plentifulC．decentD．massive正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：critical决定性的，关键性的，批评的，批判的，be critical about对某事爱挑剔；plentiful丰富的，大量的；decent正派的，令人满意的；massive可观的，巨大的。

根据句意判断，答案为A。

知识模块：词汇3．In protest, blacks and______whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.A．sensibleB．indifferentC．influentialD．sympathetic正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：sensible明智的，合情理的；indifferent不关心的，中立的，be indifferent to对……漠不关心；influential有影响的，有权势的；sympathetic赞同的，支持的，be／feel sympathetic toward对……表示同情。

考博英语词汇练习及答案分析1. The new management has _____ great changes to the company.A. brought aboutB. brought overC. brought forwardD. brought in答案：Abring about 导致，引起bring over 使相信，说服bring forward 提前；提出，提议bring in 生产，挣得，介绍引进2. We had to _____ Jim‘s poor table manners because he refused to change.A. put in forB. put up withC. put downD. put across答案：Bput in for 申请put up with 容忍，忍受put down 记下，写下put across/over 解释清楚，使被理解3. The director _____ traffic safety in his talk.A. drew inB. settled downC. felt likeD. dwelt on答案：Ddraw in （天）渐黑，（白昼）渐短；（汽车或火车）到站settle down 定居，过安定的生活；平静下来；定下心来feel like 想要dwell on/upon 老是想着，详述4. The government threatened to _____ the already huge US trade deficit. A. add toB. add up toC. amount toD. get to答案：Aadd to 增添add up to 合计达，总括起来，意味着amount to 合计，共计；（在意义、价值等方面）等同，接近get to 到达，接触到，开始，对……有影响5. The 15 banks were likely to _____ about $530 million of the bad assets.A. turn offB. write offC. take offD. show off答案：Bturn off 关，关掉；拐弯，离开……转入另一条路write off 取消，注销，勾销take off 脱下；起飞；匆匆离开show off 炫耀，卖弄考博英语词汇练习及答案分析(二)6. It’s very dufficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A.exchangeD.convert答案：Ctransfer转移，改变convey传达，表达，传播7. When we are reading,the important thing is to ____ the essential meaning,not to learn every single word.A.claspB.grabC.graspD.grapple答案：Cclasp扣子，扣紧，拥抱grab抓取，强夺，捕获grasp理解，领会，掌握grapple抓住，握紧9. Harvard University has been ____ the best university in a recent annual survey.A.listedB.cataloguedC.rankedD.classified答案：Ccatalogue目录rank给……评级，列为，居首位考博英语词汇练习及答案分析(三)1，The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion.A. spurB. furtherC. induceD. reinforce2，In what _____ to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.A. appliesB. accountsC. attachesD. amounts3，The teacher told the class he would _____ their homework that evening.A. let them goB. let them looseC. let them offD. let them out4，_____ of people are assembling in the street. What happened?A. An attitudeB. An aptitudeC. An altitudeD. A multitude5，The museum had _____ copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A. tackledB. substitutedC. tickledD. testified答案：1，B 参考译文：对于职员来说，追求安逸将不会促进他们对升职的期望。

医学考博英语试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分，每题1分）1. The new drug is reported to be effective in treating_______.A. hypertensionB. hypotensionC. hyperactivityD. hypoactivity答案：A2. The patient's condition has been stable since the _______ of the medication.A. administrationB. admissionC. communicationD. commutation答案：A3. The doctor advised the patient to avoid _______ foods.A. allergenicB. allergicC. allergenD. allergy答案：A4. The _______ of the surgery was successful, but thepatient's recovery was slow.A. executionB. implementationC. performanceD. operation答案：D5. The _______ of the disease is influenced by genetic factors.A. progressionB. regressionC. transmissionD. transition答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇5分）Passage 1Recent studies have shown that a balanced diet can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. Experts recommend consuming a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. It is also important to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of a balanced dietB. The role of fruits and vegetables in heart healthC. The dangers of salt, sugar, and saturated fatsD. The benefits of lean proteins and healthy fats答案：A6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT recommended for heart health?A. Consuming a variety of fruits and vegetablesB. Eating whole grainsC. Limiting the intake of salt and sugarD. Eating large amounts of saturated fats答案：DPassage 2The use of electronic health records (EHRs) has increased significantly in recent years. EHRs provide a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history, which can improve the quality of care. However, the implementation of EHRs also presents challenges, such as ensuring data privacy and security.7. What is the main advantage of EHRs mentioned in the passage?A. They provide a complete medical historyB. They improve patient-doctor communicationC. They reduce medical errorsD. They lower healthcare costs答案：A8. What challenge is associated with the use of EHRs?A. Ensuring data privacy and securityB. Training medical staff to use the systemC. Maintaining the hardware for the systemD. Complying with legal regulations答案：A三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a means of providing medical care to patients in remoteareas. This approach allows doctors to consult with patients via video conference, 9. which can save both time and money. Telemedicine can also 10. provide access to specialized care that may not be available locally.9. A. therebyB. moreoverC. howeverD. otherwise答案：A10. A. potentiallyB. actuallyC. certainlyD. occasionally答案：A四、翻译（共30分，每题15分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。

考博英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列文章，然后回答后面的问题。

文章一：随着全球化的发展，英语作为国际交流的主要语言，其重要性日益凸显。

然而，对于非英语母语国家的学生来说，学习英语往往是一项挑战。

本文将探讨英语学习的难点以及应对策略。

1. 英语中存在大量的不规则动词，这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式往往没有规律可循。

例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，而“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”。

学生需要通过大量的记忆和实践来掌握这些不规则形式。

2. 英语的发音对于许多非母语者来说也是一个难题。

英语中有多种音标，而且不同地区口音的差异也会影响学习者的理解。

因此，提高听力和口语能力需要大量的听力训练和模仿练习。

3. 英语词汇量庞大，学习者需要不断扩充词汇量。

除了课本学习，阅读英文原著、观看英文电影和参加英语角等活动都是有效的学习方式。

4. 英语语法结构复杂，尤其是从句的使用。

学习者需要通过练习和分析来掌握不同从句的用法。

5. 英语文化背景知识也是学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。

了解英语国家的历史、文化和习俗可以帮助学习者更好地理解语言背后的深层含义。

问题：1. 英语中不规则动词的难点在于它们的什么？2. 为什么英语发音对于非母语者来说是一个挑战？3. 扩充英语词汇量的有效方法有哪些？4. 英语语法中哪个部分对于学习者来说较为复杂？5. 为什么了解英语国家的文化背景对学习者很重要？文章二：在现代科技的推动下，人工智能（AI）技术正迅速发展，并逐渐渗透到我们生活的方方面面。

AI技术不仅在工业生产中发挥着重要作用，也在医疗、教育、交通等领域展现出巨大的潜力。

1. AI技术在医疗领域的应用主要体现在辅助诊断、个性化治疗和远程医疗等方面。

通过深度学习算法，AI能够分析大量的医疗数据，帮助医生做出更准确的诊断。

2. 在教育领域，AI可以提供个性化学习方案，根据学生的学习进度和理解能力，调整教学内容和难度，从而提高学习效率。

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【⽂章⼀】1. The mother sat by the window____the hole in her coat.A. healingB. resumingC. minglingD. patching 2. The owner of the auto plant refused to raise the workers’ wages, saying that it would ____the profit.A. cut offB. cut shortC. cut intoD. cut up 3. Her ____ to executive manager is an acknowledgement of her hard work and unusual talent.A. professionB. occupationC. resignationD. promotion 4. We had to learn to work with others and many of our own ideas had to be____for the good of the whole.A. thrown awayB. compensatedC. brushed asideD. neglected 5. The old couple were not rich themselves, but they hated to turn away anyone who were____ food and shelter.A. at the mercy ofB. on the point ofC. with the exception ofD. in need of 6 . The clumsy movement of the giant panda amused all the____.A. visitorsB. witnessesC. watchersD. spectators 7. He wanted very much to run for a second term, but owing to poor health, he was ____to give it up.A. drivenB. permittedC. rebukedD. compelled 8. You can ____different kinds of people, dictionaries or encyclopedia to find out what you wish to know.A. contactB. containC. consultD. convert 9. Part of the lake has been polluted. You can see the water is covered with ____oil.A. a coat ofB. a story ofC. a film ofD. a pad of 10. Applications have poured in____assignments to remote regions of the country.A. requiringB. beggingC. requestingD. awaiting 11. In his____to further his knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.A. endeavorB. expeditionC. trailD. chase 12. After a careful examination, the doctor____a new medical and a two-day rest for the patient.A. describedB. inscribedC. prescribedD. transcribed 13. The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made her ____.A. shakeB. sweatC. shiverD. swing 14. The groom’s hand____the soft mane of the horse.A. struckB. provokedC. fondledD. remarked 15. If the right kind of extracurricular activities is organized, those children who have a(an)____of energy will have a chance to develop their talents much more quickly.A. consumptionB. explorationC. exhaustionD. excess参考答案： 1. 答案 D 【参考译⽂】妈妈坐在窗边补⾐服上的洞。

北京大学考博英语练习题词汇专题1.In that country,guests tend to feel they are not highly if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.(A)admired(B)regarded(C)expected(D)worshipped2.A of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.(A)shorthand(B)scheme(C)schedule(D)sketch3.A man has to make______for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.(A)supply(B)assurance(C)provision(D)adjustment4.The newly-built Science Building seems_______enough to lasta hundred years.(A)spacious(B)sophisticated(C)substantial(D)steady5.It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _________free medical care.(A)entitled to(B)involved in(C)associated with(D)assigned to6.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at______.(A)danger(B)stake(C)loss(D)threat7.I felt_________to death because I could make nothing of the chairman’s speech.(A)fatigued(B)tired(C)exhausted(D)bored8.When the engine would not start,the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at_____.(A)wrong(B)trouble(C)fault(D)difficulty9.Your advice would be______valuable to him,who is at present at his wit’s end.exceedingly(B)excessively(C)extensively(D)exclusively10.He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to______the consequences.(A)answer for(B)runsintos(C)abide by(D)stepsintos11.The river is already_______its banks because of excessive rainfall;and the city is threatened with a likely flood.(A)parallel to(B)level in(C)flat on(D)flush with12.People_______that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.(A)convinced(B)anticipated(C)resolved(D)assured13.In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or_______for language learning purposes,there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.(A)adapted(B)acknowledged(C)assembled(D)appointed14.The mother said she would________her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.(A)let down(B)let alone(C)let off(D)let out15.We should always keep in mind that_______decisions often lead to bitter regrets.(A)urgent(B)hasty(C)instant(D)prompt16.John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages_______in the dictionary.(A)missing(B)losing(C)dropping(D)leaking本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

考博英语模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Reading Comprehension Structure and V ocabulary1．With her last child having left home, she felt a ______ need to fill her time.A．tenseB．thoroughC．pressingD．small正确答案：C2．it is generally thought that as teachers work with students, psychology course work is ______ to teacher-training.A．indispensableB．inviolateC．indisposedD．invariable正确答案：A3．The announcement of the death of their leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to ______ their lives.A．overflowB．scatterC．permeateD．manipulate正确答案：C4．Fear of pirate ______ led the French to fortify their coastline.A．excursionsB．incursionsC．transmigrationsD．transmogrifications正确答案：B5．During the oil crisis of the 1970s, many states ______ speed limits to reduce gasoline use.A．implantedB．imposedC．impairedD．impressed正确答案：B6．Over-taxation, many argue, impedes initiative, so that government income may actually ______.A．mushroomB．capsizeC．shrinkD．dispel正确答案：C7．The assassin hid himself carefully from view before ______ his future victim.A．drawing fromB．drawing upC．drawing withD．drawing on正确答案：D8．He never exerts himself to aid those trying to ______ a difficult situation.A．rectifyB．modifyC．solidifyD．verify正确答案：A9．His alibi was fishy, yet ______ to close scrutiny.A．stood stillB．withstoodC．stood upD．stood off正确答案：C10．Practitioners of law and medicine are esteemed in many countries which seems to indicate that ______ depends on profession or title.A．prestigeB．superiorityC．privilegeD．merit正确答案：A11．The majority of the observers at the conference, in contradistinction to the delegates, were opposed to ratification.A．adjournmentB．distributionC．tablingD．approval正确答案：D12．Although it was none of my business I asked her if the one she was lamenting for was in any way kin.A．speaking forB．running risks forC．pleading forD．mourning for正确答案：D13．I could never spend the time that he does pouring over sports magazines, compiling intricate lists, and calculating averages.A．delicateB．incomprehensibleC．meaninglessD．complicated正确答案：D14．In England, Latin appears never to have superseded the old Gaelic speech among the people.A．joinedB．replacedC．influencedD．given way to正确答案：B15．Landslides triggered by heavy rainfall impeded our best attempts at rescuing the victims.A．encouragedB．hinderedC．nullifiedD．crowned正确答案：B16．Death ensued as a result of suffocation.A．heart failureB．an accidentC．diseaseD．asphyxiation正确答案：D17．We must safeguard against coerced confessions.A．bribedB．emotionalC．unprofitableD．forced正确答案：D18．My attention was engaged by the article’s caption.A．graphB．authorC．contentsD．title正确答案：D19．The report was unusual in that it insinuated corruption on the part of the minister.A．deniedB．suggestedC．proposedD．stated正确答案：B20．When a newspaper prints an inaccurate date for an event, universal chagrin results.A．discomfitureB．amusementC．reprisalD．loss of profit正确答案：AGrammar21．______ sugar ______ salt is oil water.A．Not as... asB．No more than... asC．Not more than... isD．Not more than... as正确答案：B22．His mother frequently denies him permission to do things, and that is ______.A．everB．thisC．thatD．over正确答案：C23．The staff in pediatrics ______ rushed whereas the geriatric ward is not busy at all.A．is nearly alwaysB．nearly is alwaysC．always is nearlyD．is always nearly正确答案：A24．Anais Nin’s diaries are often scandalous, probably because she describes herself as she is rather than ______.A．others define herB．as others define herC．her definition by othersD．she is defined by others正确答案：B25．______ , the mayor conceded defeat in his bid for re-election.A．Having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesB．Having been racked up a lead of some 150000 votesC．His opponent having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesD．His opponent racking up a lead of some 150000 votes正确答案：C26．Never has a scientific explanation emerged, ______ someone somewhere has objected to it.A．thatB．whichC．whomD．but正确答案：D27．Your mentor and friend ______ to support me in my financial, undertaking.A．have consentedB．has consentedC．have been consentingD．are consented正确答案：B28．Due in large part to the complexity of its structure--over two hundred bones ______ together by ligaments--the human skeleton is a marvel of architectural construction.A．bindingB．boundC．boundedD．bind正确答案：B29．In as much as a year does not elapse without a certain number of villagers falling victim to the ferocity of a tiger, its roar is ______ heard by the natives ______ feelings of terror.A．not... withB．not... withoutC．seldom... withD．always... without正确答案：B30．I regret to say that your thesis requires more thinking than ______ for the problem is exceedingly complex.A．to be put inB．has been put inC．being put inD．have been put in正确答案：B31．One of the (more intriguing) theories about the destruction of Ur is his contention that the population (may destroy) their ziggurats and (abandoned) their metropolis in anger against the deities that permitted (so long) a famine.A．more intriguingB．may destroyC．abandonedD．so long正确答案：B32．In the bush, the ill (took it to be) only logical (if) the one who could dure an illness (should also possess) the ability of causing it, and (that) even at a distance.A．took it to beB．ifC．should also possessD．that正确答案：B33．Ores which (are occurred) naturally (as) elements, such as gold (are of) extreme rarity and (are occasionally) of high value.A．are occurredB．asC．are ofD．are occasionally正确答案：A34．Unless (they are so permitted) by the attending (physician), no visitors or relatives (can) enter, the (patient’s) roomA．they are so permittedB．physicianC．canD．patient’s正确答案：C35． A rigorous alertness (must be) (adhered) when (notetaking) with the inessential ignored (and) the superfluous eliminated.A．must beB．adheredC．notetakingD．and正确答案：B36．It is (largely) through perspiration, (or) the evaporation of water (through) the pores, that humans(rid them) of excess moisture.A．largelyB．orC．throughD．rid them正确答案：D37．(Provided) the computer is (given) correct information (to start), accuracy (is) another outstanding advantage.A．ProvidedB．givenC．to startD．is正确答案：C38．And (so early) every morning (therefore), but not before the infant (bathed), (did she betake) herself to the outhouse.A．so earlyB．thereforeC．bathedD．did she betake正确答案：C39．He (stood) on tiptoe, (stretching) as far as he could, (however), still, he (could not reach) the book.A．stoodB．stretchingC．howeverD．could not reach正确答案：C40．(As gentle as possible), and (with help from) an assistant, the veterinarian examined the hippo to determine (if) (she) was pregnant.A．As gentle as possibleB．with help fromC．ifD．she正确答案：AReading ComprehensionResearchers disagree whether the “use it or lose it”philosophy holds for cognitive aging, but there is one evidence that keeping mentally active can slow age-related declines. At Pennsylvania State University, Sherry Willis and her husband, K. Warner Schaie, have studied 5000 people, some since 1956. People lucky enough to avoid chronic diseases may also fare better in intellectual function, they find, perhaps because chronic diseases can restrict lifestyle and reduce mental stimulation. Similarly, those lucky enough to be relatively affluent also fare better, perhaps because money can buy intellectually stimulating things like travel. Education helps, too, researchers say because of instills the conviction that you can always learn something new. The Schaie-Willis team also has some other observations. Being in a stable marriage with a stimulating spouse, they say, helps maintain intellectual vigor. Flexibility counts too. People who stay mentally vibrant are often those who do not insist that “they must do things today as they did before”Schaie says. In neuropsychological terms, the ability to see problems in new ways often yields higher scores on tests of-mental function. And people satisfied with life also stay more mentally fit, he says. If you find your mental skills sagging, consider working on specific deficits. When Willis gave 5-hour tutorials on inductive reasoning or spatial skills to about 200 people whose skills had declined in the previous 14 years, 40 percent regained lost abilities. That advantage held up seven years late when they were retested. Other ways to stay sharp, Schaie says, are doing jigsaw puzzles to hone visuo-spatial skills, working crossword puzzles for verbal skills, playing bridge for memory and simply matching wits at home with players on TV game shows. Finally, remember this. Even though you may lose some mental skills with normal aging, you also gain in one key area: wisdom. The growth of wisdom continues throughout the 40s, 50s and even 60s.41．In the passage, the author mainly discuss ______.A．the role mental stimulation in preventing mental aging,B．gradual loss of mental skills with normal aging.C．the relationship between mental function and spatial skills.D．effective ways to keep intellectual vigor.正确答案：D42．The word “it” in the saying “use it or lose it” (paragraph 1) refer to ______.A．brain powerB．cognitive developmentC．mental stimulatingD．intellectual function正确答案：A43．According ;to the researchers, which of the following factors affects cognitive aging?A．EducationB．Chronic illnessC．Standard of livingD．All of the above正确答案：D44．From this passage we may safely infer that ______ might help prevent mental declines.A．physical exercisesB．social interconnectionsC．rigid daily routinesD．a healthy diet正确答案：A45．According to the author, all of the following can truly be said about wisdom EXCEPT that ______.A．wisdom may be thought of as a special form of abilities and knowledge completely developed with life experience.B．wisdom may still grow even when the process of mental aging started.C．wisdom is superior in importance to mental skills such as inductive reasoning and spatial skills.D．wisdom makes up an important part of brain power.正确答案：CGeneration gaps are nothing new. Imperfect communication between age groups plagued the ancient Greeks and current works alike. Many an older worker chafes at an under-30 colleague who surfs the Internet, listens to his Sony Walkman and chats on the phone or with his desk mate, all while working on a projectdue in an hour. Sometimes, of course, he isn’t corking, and that’s a whole different issue. But sometimes he is getting lots of great stuff done. In the meantime, the different work styles create a case of “Would you please shut up” vs. “Lighten up. Get a life”Marc Prensky, vice president of Bankers Trust and founder of its interactive learning subsidiary, Corporate Gameware, was on point in Across the board, a publication of the conference board. The business research organization titled Prensky’s article “Twitch Speed,”a reference to the fast pace of video game play. Today under-30 workers likely grew up in a multimedia, technology-rich, twitch-speed environment. Prensky says they simultaneously did homework, watched TV and listened to music; this exposure changed the ways they receive and process information. Baby boomers and older workers may or may not have done homework by TV, but much else has changed. Sociologists say the over-30s are more likely to want room doors close. TV off, one thing happening at a time, quiet, please! When the two heritages clash in the workplace, it pits comfort with speed and “multitasking”against comfort with deliberation and focused concentration. Sound familiar? If the gap has become a chasm in your workplace, it’s time to talk. Both work styles can be productive, but both sides need to make accommodations so the other’s productivity isn’t impaired.46．This passage is mainly talking about ______.A．generation gapsB．work styles of different age groupsC．lack of mutual understanding between the old and the youngD．imperfect communication between old and young workers正确答案：B47．From the context we may figure out that the word “plagued” (paragraph 1 ) means ______.A．annoyedB．infectedC．damagedD．affected正确答案：C48．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A．Older workers often feel annoyed about their young colleagues’attitudes towards work.B．Younger workers always do a good job of their work though they prefer to listen to music or chat with others while working.C．The different work styles may sometimes lead to an unnecessary argument.D．Older workers are used to working in a comfortable and quiet environment sothat they can fully concentrate on what they are doing.正确答案：B49．The author agrees with Marc Prensky on the point that younger workers prefer a “multitasking” style because ______.A．they are smart and energeticB．they have the special ability to perform several tasks at the same time.C．brought up in a special cultural background, they have developed a behavioral pattern different from that of their older colleagues.D．they have been trained to receive and process information in a special way.正确答案：C50．The author maintains that both sides should ______ if the two pattern work styles clash headlong.A．be patientB．realize that both work styles are productiveC．make efforts to avoid doing damage to the other’s productivityD．make compromise to bridge the gulf between them正确答案：CA child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed test, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often g0.ilty of cruelty than those who had not. Every child has aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises form the child having heard the story once. familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into other pleasure of the fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that faints, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc, do not exist, and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their ease were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering atelephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girlfriend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external work and no sane child had ever believed that it was.51．The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______.A．repeated without variationB．treated with reverenceC．adapted by the parentD．set in the present正确答案：C52．Some people dislike fairy stories they feel that they ______.A．tempt people to be cruel to childrenB．show the primitive cruelty in childrenC．lend themselves to undesirable experiments with childrenD．increase a tendency by which children’s impulses may be正确答案：D53．Fairy stories are a means by which children’s impulses may be ______.A．beneficially channeledB．given a destructive tendencyC．held back until maturityD．effectively suppressed正确答案：A54．The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ______.A．makes them come to terms with their fearsB．develops their power of memoryC．convinces them there is nothing to be afraid ofD．encourages them not to have ridiculous beliefs正确答案：C55．The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ______.A．fairy stories are still being made upB．there is confusion about different kinds of truthC．people try to modernize old fairy storiesD．there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays正确答案：BNo other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the Best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in health status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care is nor that had, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused By the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence. Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor counties that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U. S. a motional unemployment level of 10 percent can be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them. Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living, excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of had foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general attempt to improve the quality of life for all.56．All of the following are mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the health of the population EXCEPT ______.A．the availability of medical care servicesB．the genetic endowment of individualsC．the nation’s relative position in health statusD．an individual’s own behavior正确答案：C57．The author is primarily concerned with ______.A．condemning the U. S. for its failure to provide better medical care to the poor.B．evaluating the relative significance of factors contributing to the poor healthstatus in the U.S.C．comparing the general health of the U. S. population with world averagesD．advocating specific measures designed to improve the health of U. S. population正确答案：B58．The passage best supports which of the following conclusions about the relationship between per capita expenditure of the health of a population?A．The per capita expenditure for medical care has relatively little effect on the total amount of medical care available to a population.B．The genetic makeup of a population is a more powerful determinant of the health of a population than the per capital expenditure for medical care.C．A population may have very high per capita expenditures for medical care and yet have a lower health status than other populations with lower per capita expenditures.D．The higher the per capita expenditure on medical care, the more advanced is the medical technology; and the more advanced the technology, the better is the health of the population.正确答案：C59．The author refers to the excessive intake of alcohol and tobacco and drug use in order to ______.A．show that some heath problems cannot be attacked by better medical care.B．demonstrate that use of tobacco and intoxicants is detrimental to health.C．cite examples of individual behavior that have adverse consequences for health status.D．illustrate ways in which affluence may contribute to poor health status.正确答案：D60．The passage provides information m answer which of the following questions?A．Which is the most powerful influence on the health status of a population?B．Which nation in the world leads in health status?C．Is the life expectancy of males in the U. S. longer than of females?D．What are the most important genetic factors influencing the health of an individual?正确答案：AIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that anymajor change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member”were high on the list but so were some positive life-changing events like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress, it only shows how much you have chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness.”“If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy,” the articles said, “avoid stressful events.” But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many, like the death of a loved one, are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable and passive in the face of adversity. But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom and mental strain.61．The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tell us ______.A．the way you handle major events may cause stressB．what should be done to avoid stressC．what kind of event would cause stressD．how to cope with sudden changes in life正确答案：C62．The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ______.A．widespread concern over its harmful effectsB．great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC．intensive research into stress-related illnessesD．popular avoidance of stressful jobs正确答案：A63．The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ______.A．how much pressure you are underB．how positive events can change you lifeC．how stressful a major event can beD．how you can deal with life-changing events正确答案：A64．Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line Par A.3) impossible to follow?A．No one can stay on the same job for longB．No prescription is effective in relieving stressC．People have to get married somedayD．You could be missing opportunities as well正确答案：D65．According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ______.A．nervous when faced with difficultiesB．physically and mentally strainedC．more capable of coping with adversityD．indifferent toward what happens to them正确答案：C“Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you lift something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention,”says Schacter, “you are supposed to remember something but you haven’t encoded deeply.” Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter, “rather you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”Laek of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.’ Women have slightly better memories than men possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that. “Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness.”says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness like walking into a room and wondering why you’re there is most likely because you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,’ says Zelinske. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room and you will likely remember.66．Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?A．It helps us understand our memory system better.B．It enables us to recall something from our memory.C．It expands our memory capacity considerably.D．It slows down the process of losing our memory.正确答案：B67．One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ______.A．they have a wider range of interestsB．they are more reliant on the environmentC．they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD．they are more interested in what’s happening around them正确答案：D68．A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because ______.A．it will easily get lostB．it’s not clear enough for you to readC．it’s out of your sightD．it might get mixed up with other things正确答案：C69．What do we learn from the last paragraph?A．If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.B．Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.C．Repetition helps improve our memory.D．If we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.正确答案：B70．What is the passage mainly about?A．The process of gradual memory loss.B．The causes of absent-mindedness.C．The impact of the environment on memory.D．A way of encoding and recalling.正确答案：BIt is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, Which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior. So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43。

2018考博英语词汇语法模拟练习题附答案解析【三篇】导读：本文2018考博英语词汇语法模拟练习题附答案解析【三篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

first performance for the amateur3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority ofA. than t5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to makeA. as other peopleB.8. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages9. The treasury issupurchased from the government had to be paid for in gold11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the12. In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topicsA. in advanceB. ahead ofC. above allD. right awayon the gas instead of the brake after his car went over themachine: “I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” D15. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for sheA. come up withB. c18. The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speedA. rangeB. limitC. ruleD. regula21. Th e message is clear: Just as tea and banana can’t o24. Every year, one student in our high school wins a试题答案与解析1. C) 【句意】据当地报纸报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。

英语考博试题及答案一、词汇与结构（共20分）1. The _______ of the project will depend on the availability of funds.A) initiationB) implementationC) terminationD) qualification答案：B2. Despite his _______ efforts, he failed to convince the committee.A) trivialB) futileC) sincereD) superficial答案：C3. The _______ of the new policy has been widely discussed in the media.A) implicationsB) complicationsC) ramificationsD) repercussions答案：A4. She is a _______ of her father, showing great talent in music.A) descendantB) successorC) inheritorD) progeny答案：C5. The _______ of the old building was a significant event in the community.A) demolitionB) renovationC) constructionD) destruction答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。

Passage 1The rise of the internet has transformed the way we communicate, learn, and do business. It has opened up new opportunities and challenges for individuals and organizations alike.6. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of the internet.B) The impact of the internet on society.C) The technical aspects of the internet.D) The future of the internet.答案：B7. What does the author imply about the internet?A) It has only positive effects.B) It has both opportunities and challenges.C) It is a threat to traditional businesses.D) It is outdated and no longer relevant.答案：BPassage 2In recent years, there has been a growing interest in renewable energy sources due to environmental concerns and the need for sustainable development.8. What is the main reason for the interest in renewable energy?A) Economic benefits.B) Environmental concerns.C) Technological advancements.D) Government policies.答案：B9. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Renewable energy is widely adopted.B) Renewable energy is too expensive.C) There is a need for sustainable development.D) Environmental concerns are a recent issue.答案：C三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

考博英语模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comprehension 5. English-Chinese Translation 6. Chinese-English TranslationStructure and V ocabulary1．The government slated new elections in the spring, largely as a result of the public clamor.A．demandB．viewC．requestD．opinion正确答案：A解析：本题中，clamor的意思是“大声的要求”。

A项“demand(强烈的)要求”符合题意，如：Ives listened to the workers’ demand for more money．(艾大斯听了工人们增加工资的要求。

)其他三项“view观点，见解；request请求，(委婉的)要求；opinion意见，看法”都不正确。

2．The most prolific writer is not necessarily the best.A．written-aboutB．productiveC．artfulD．religious正确答案：B解析：本题中，prolific的意思是“多产的”。

B项“productive多产的”符合题意，如：a productive farm(肥沃的农场)。

written-about的意是“关于书面的”；artful的意思是“狡猾的”；religious的意思是“虔诚的”，都不正确。

3．Imagine my vexation when they said they would come to dinner and then didn’t show.A．enlightenmentB．astonishmentC．annoyanceD．contrariness正确答案：C解析：本题中，vexation的意思是“恼怒，烦恼”。

博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。

2019考博英语词汇语法模拟练习题附答案解析【三篇】A. to be robbedB. robbedC. to have been robbedD. having been robbed2. ______ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.A. Though having never actedB. As he had never actedC. Despite he had never actedD. In spite of his never having acted3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majorityof the ﹚orld’s population ______ in cities rather than inthe country.A. are livingB. will be livingC. have livedD. will have lived4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign ______ part in such dish onest business deals.A. than takeB. than to takeC. rather than takeD. rather than to take5. No one would have time to read or listen to anaccount of everything ______ going on in the world.A. it isB. as isC. there isD. what is6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there have been7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ______.A. as other peopleB. as other people’sC. like other peopleD. like other people’s8. Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over ______猰ade of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk.A. oneB. the oneC. thatD. what9. The treasury issued an order stating that ______ land purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.A. henceforthB. moreoverC. wherebyD. however10. The students expected there ______ more reviewing classes before the final exams.A. isB. beingC. have beenD. to be11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ______ into hard currency.A. translatesB. transfersC. transplantsD. transmits12. In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______猳r may give you a choice of topics to write about.A. in advanceB. ahead ofC. above allD. right away13. It was the d river’s ______ that caused him to step on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.A. fraudB. alarmC. terrorD. panic14. Danny left this ______ message on my answering machine：“I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?A. ambiguousB. responsibleC. implicitD. thoughtful15. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ______.A. reserved forB. engaged inC. used upD. taken up16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ______ this loud noise any longer.A. come up withB. catch up withC. keep up withD. put up with17. Tom ______ his new job with confidence.A. set outB. set offC. set upD. set about18. The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ______.A. rangeB. limitC. ruleD. regulation19. The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ______ to the platform to join the children.A. jumpB. limpC. hopD. jog20. He cannot ______ a car, for he does not earn much money.A. obtainB. affordC. donateD. consume21. The message is clear：Just as tea and banana can’t go together, _________ should the son of a low class family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.A. eitherB. notC. neitherD. nor22. Though ______ rich, she was better off than at any other period in her life.A. by means ofB. within her meansC. by all meansD. by no means23. It is a (n) ______ attitude to take towards life.A. absurdB. sillyC. stupidD. authentic24. Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ______ one year of college.A. improvesB. subsidizesC. obligesD. inflicts25. He wrote the book in ______ with his wife.A. proportionB. installmentC. correspondenceD. collaboration试题答案与解析お1. C) 【句意】据当地报纸报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。

2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（一）1.My brother has decided to become a policeman,____what may.A.cameeingD.having come2.My friend and adviser____ to lend me his money.A.have agreedB.has agreedC.agreedD.are agreed3.A series of robberies ____recently.A.has been reportedB.has reportedC.have been reportedD.have reported4.“Which coat did your husband buy?”“The black one, but I____ the green one.”A.would rather have boughtB.would rather buyC.would have rather boughtD.rather had bought5.I was to have a trip abroad if____.A.I had not been firedB.I was not firedC.my boss won’t have fired meD.I were not fired6.Not until three years ago____ to work outside.A.he beganB.he beginsC.began heD.did he begin7.____ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with himA.SeeingB.SawC.SeenD.To see8.If you____hard, you____in the exam.A.worked/ wouldn’t have failedB.had worked/ wouldn’t failC.had worked/ wouldn’t have failedD.worked/ wouldn’t fail9.When we drove to the country, we saw many ____.A.herds of cattlesB.herds of cattleC.herd of cattleD.herd of cattles10.Don’t go there this afternoon, I’d rather you____ tomorrow.A.wentB.GoC.will goD.would go51.They saw a new movie at the theatre,____they had dinner ata Chinese restaurant.A.then whichB.which afterC.after whichD.after that12.In my country, the____ are all distributed free.A.letters boxB.letters boxesC.letter’s boxD.letter boxes13.I wish to go home with you,____?A.may IB.shall IC.would ID.can I14.Our country is trying to____ the serious problems created bythe environment pollution.ply withB.cope withC.cope toply to15.The thieves____the possibility of the alarm system soundingA.overtookB.overcameC.OverlookedD.overworked16.Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly____.A.imaginingB.imaginativeC.imaginableD.imaginary17.She stumbled and____ the coffee.A.spoiledB.spilledC.pouredD.splashed18.A sheet of metal was shaken to____the sound of thunder.A.stimulateB.simulateC.reproduceD.duplicate19.In today’s newspaper, it____ that there will be a new election tomorrow.A.tellsB.statesC.writesD.records20.When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of histrousers____. A.ruined B.cracked C.broke D.split2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（二）1.In selecting a material, the engineer’s interest is in its properties which determine how it will perform under the loads and condition____it is subject. A.where B.which C.in which D.to which2.To meet the ever increasing demand____oil-refining equipment, the company will produce more of such equipment.A.ofB.onC.withD.for3.“The president made a brilliant decision, didn’t he?”“Yes, he did.I don’t know what I would have done if I____to make that decision.” A.were B.had had C.have had D.had4.Animal mothers are devoted to their young and____ them with love and discipline.A.mindB.watchC.helpD.tend5.The physicists propose that our attention____the use of special methods of thinking and acting.A.would be directed towardsB.should be directed towardsC.is directed towardsD.directs towards6.According to the acoustics, continual exposure____ noise of highintensity would lead to loss of hearing.A.ofB.withC.toD.by7.We are convinced____ the righteousness of our cause.A.ofB.OnC.OverD.at8.Urban congestion would greatly be relieved if the____charged onpublic transport were more reasonable.A.pricesB.ticketsC.feesD.fares9.You’d better let me know as soon as there is a(n)____position in the branch office.A.emptyB.vacuumC.hollowD.vacant10.They will never reconcile themselves to____.A.defeatB.their defeatC.be defeatedD.have their defeat11.The matter is not to be ____.A.watched forB.waited onC.taken overD.trifled with12.The mother almost____when she learned that her son was shot dead.A.fell downB.came downC.fell apartD.went to pieces13.While doing calculation for the project, the designers____a new solution to a geological problem.A.fell intoB.stumbled uponC.set outD.discovered14.I meant____ you about it, but I forgot to do so.A.tellingB.having toldC.to tellD.to have told15.Everything____into consideration, I propose that the firstprize should be given to Liu Qiang.A.to takeB.takingC.takenD.took16.They____the park of late.A.will visitB.have visitedC.are visitingD.visited17.The girl was so ____by the mighty river that she would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the boats and rafts going and coming. A.absorbed B.fascinated C.moved D.touched18.After traveling in the desert for many days, they found a tiny oasis,where there was a well and ____green grass.A.a patch ofB.a bunch ofC.a pinch ofD.a packet of19.After a careful investigation, the committee decided to____the old hall.A.changeB.buildC.innovateD.renovate20.The fierce heat of this summer withered most of the crops____ his farm.A.inB.onC.ofD.from2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（三）1.He ____have been nervous because he didn’t go straight in.A.ought toB.mustC.shouldD.had to2.I am quite sure that I can ____ Michael into letting us use his car tomorrow. A.speak B.talk C.tell D.say3.Jean could be a very attractive girl but she____to her clothes.A.pays no attentionB.was paying no attentionC.paid no attentionD.had paid no attention4.When questioned by the interviewer, my mind went____, and I could hardly remember my own date of birth.A.blankB.dimC.faintD.vain5.The textbook question as well as other issues is going to be discussed when the congress is in____again next spring.A.assemblyB.conventionC.conferenceD.session6.To drive a car safely, it is____good brakes.A.essential withB.essential havingC.essential to haveD.essential have7.As I regard it, you can widen the ____ of these improvements through your active participation.A.volumeB.dimensionC.magnitudeD.scope8.“Can you ride a horse?”“No, I never had the chance ____.”A.for learningB.for learning howC.how to learn itD.to learn how9.As electric lines were destroyed by the storm, they were forcedto____ light for several days.A.go overB.go in forC.go withoutD.go out10.To survive in the intense market competition, we must____the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.A.improveB.guaranteeC.gearD.enhance11.“Maria has blisters in her boots.”“She____walking such a long distance.”A.was used not toed toC.is not used toD.did not used to12.In ancient times people who were thought to have the ability to ____dreams were likely to be highly respected.A.impartB.inheritC.interpretD.intervene13.It was ____that we felt tired when we arrived.A.a so long travelB.such a long travelC.such a long journeyD.such a so long journey14.____his poor record in school, the board thinks that he should study hard.A.In spite ofB.In charge ofC.In view ofD.In case of15.“What authors do you like?”“Shakespeare is____.”A.favorite for meB.my favoriteC.for me the favoriteD.the favorite of mine16.We hadn’t expected a power cut so we were astonished when the whole house was ____into darkness.17. A.dived B.plunged C.drowned D.droppedWithout a (an)____passport a tourist is forbidden to enter a country.A.operativeB.effectiveC.validD.efficient18.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times,____was done.A.a few damagesB.few damagesC.little damageD.a little damage19.Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit____the expenses of the trip.A.forB.inC.toD.about20.“Tina looks especially pretty tonight.”“Yes, she always looks her best in ____of that color.”A.dressB.a dressC.that dressD.the dress2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（四）1.The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government; consequently, these officers____to resign from office.A.have askedB.were askedC.had askedD.had been asked2.The train____ at the present speed until it reaches the next city at about seven o’clock this evening.A.will be goingB.wentC.would goD.went3.Such____the case, there are no grounds to justify your complaints.A.wasB.isC.is beingD.being4.I beg____ your nephew’s wedding.A.to be excusedB.to be excused fromC.to excuse fromD.to be excused to5.The only candidate____ can hope to defeat him is quit now.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.when6.Humble____ it may be, there’s no place like home, ____hemay go.A.like, whenB.as, whereverC.although, whereD.which, wherever7.He ought to attend the meeting,____?A.should heB.ought heC.shouldn’t heD.oughtn’t he8.Mary is 18 years old this year; she ____19 next year.A.will beB.is to beC.is going to beD.should be9.Though it was late in the night,____ he continued to work vigorously. A.but B.yet C.and D.that10.The doctor advised him to stay in bed, saying he was much____.A.ill enoughB.too illC.so illD.very ill11.I was ____ study French yesterday, but I changed my mind.A.to be startingB.to startC.to have startedD.to have been starting12.You’d rather go to theater with him this evening, ____?A.are youB.hadn’t youC.isn’t itD.wouldn’t you13.____that the formation of the sun, the planets, and other stars began with the condensation of an interstellar gas cloud.A.It is believedB.BelievingC.Being believedD.To believe14.One of the most spectacular qualities of man is notably his____to any kind of natural environment.A.tendencyB.adoptabilityC.adaptabilityD.availability15.I’m in no____now to go to concert with you.A.moodB.intentionC.emotionD.sense16.The judger doesn’t know whether the witness is telling the truth, but he will ____it. A.identify B.enforce C.distinguish D.verify17.Before the plane ____, the pilot bailed out.A.clashedB.crashedC.smashedD.struck18.Doctors often make higher ____ for their works than they should.A.chargesB.billsC.costsD.payments19.Most of the earliest____into America came from Europe.A.migrantsB.emigrantsC.immigrantsD.inhabitants20.His name was on the____of my tongue, but I just couldn’tremember. A.edge B.rim C.border D.tip2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（五）1.All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants ____wild.A.that once growB.once they growC.they once grewD.once grew2.By the time you graduate, we____in Australia for one year.A.will be stayingB.will have stayedC.would have stayedD.have stayed3.He appreciated____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.A.having givenB.to have been givenC.to have givenD.having been given4.The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A.on which to baseB.which to be based onC.to base on whichD.on which to be based5.Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, ____ water shortage is the worst.A.not to mention B.of which C.let alone D.for what6.Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe ____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced. A.so that B.but that C.provided that D.in that7.Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives,____stress.A.so isB.as it isC.and so isD.the same is8.Victor took a bus and headed for home, ____if his wife would have him back.A.not to knowB.not knownC.not knowingD.not having known9.We can make an exception ____.A.in any case of JohnB.in case of JohnC.in case of John’sD.in the case of John10.When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father ___ college.A .attended B.had been attendingC.was attendingD.has been attending11.My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so ____that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.A.indiscriminateB.ChoosyC.IndefiniteD.picky12.“This house is more ____than the federal government!”Mac complained to his parents.“You have rules for everything.”A.systematicB.democraticC.bureaucraticD.public13.The American people’s ____of being polite is different from that held here in China. A.mind B.concept C.consideration D.thought14.Well, that is probably all I can say about sports.Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other ____activities.A.refreshmentB.entertainmentC.pleasureD.leisure15.Where there is an earthquake, energy is ____in one area along a crack in the earth crust. A.repelled B.released C.run D.rushed16.The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a ____in the garden. A.barn B.room C.hut D.shed17.I’ve got a big coffee____on the front of my dress.A.poreB.patchC.stainD.grease18.She broke her leg, but the ____healed quickly.A.fractureB.injuryC.skeletonD.cavity19.You’d better add them up.I’m not good at ____.A.figuresB.charactersC.summariesD.counters20.The girl chose some very pretty ____paper for the present.A.coveringB.wrappingC.packingD.collecting2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（六）1.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to itsalways____with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.A.being combinedB.having combinedC.to combinebined2.Physics is the present day equivalent of ____used to be called natural philosophy, from ____ most of present day science arose.A.which, whatB.that, whichC.what, whichD.what, that3.On no account ____ever leave the baby at home alone.A.should youB.you shouldC.shall youD.you shall4.____the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.A.It is the sun and not the earthB.That the sun and not the earthC.Being the sun and not the earthD.The sun and not the earth5.The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ____, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.A.was turned outB.was being turned outC.being turned outD.turned out6.I’d rather you ____by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A.wentB.should goC.will goD.go7.Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise of Nazism ____he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.A.whenB.whoC.thenD.which8.Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country ____find a place to settle down. A.can he B.he can C.he D.for him to9.With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot evenwalk,____run.A.let aloneB.that’s to sayC.not to speakD.not to mention10.____, she led a life of complete seclusion.A.Being disgracedB.DisgracedC.DisgracingD.She was disgraced11.Sometimes a bus ____gets on the bus to check the tickets.A.agentB.officerC.conductorD.inspector12.He made a quick ____from his illness.A.reliefB.recoveryC.survivalD.relaxation13.____the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For14.My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood; I suppose it’s because she is ____child. A.one B.a lone C.a single D.an only15.____the factors already referred to, people sometimes feel insecure because their motives are misunderstood by others.A.But forB.Except forC.Apart fromD.Except that16.If the scheme is ____carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completely satisfied.A.relativelyB.noticeablyC.appropriatelyD.efficiently17.One day we all may find it useful to have a(n) ____for sending documents, writing any pictures across the telephone lines.A.receiverB.echoC.extensionD.facility18.To their credit the Department of Energy ____these ideas and funded a detailed study.A.took overB.took onC.took upD.took to19.Feeling that she was in the right, she took ____at the dirty remark.A.protectionB.offenseC.defenseD.guard20.They agreed to share in common any ____of funds after all expenses were paid in full.A.sufficiencyB.surpassC.excessD.surplus2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（七）1.The thieves____the waste paper all over the room while they were searching for the diamond ring.A.spreadB.scratchedC.scatteredD.burned2.The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter Kit’s mouth ____.A.wetB.waterC.soakD.taste3.The____problem of bring a space ship back from the moon has been solved.A.technicalB.technologicalC.techniqueD.technology4.A large part of a person’s memory is____words and combination of words.A.by means ofB.in terms ofC.in connection withD.by way of5.At her word she stood up and walked away, stopping at the window to pull back the curtain and ____.A.look roundB.look outC.look upD.look on6.Their happiness was very____.A.crispB.brittleC.delicateD.fragile7.I was awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half hour nap ____me.A.revivedB.releasedC.relievedD.recovered8.We should always keep in mind that____decisions often lead to bitter regrets. A.hasty B.instant C.prompt D.rapidrmation and opinion gap exercises have to have some content ____talking about. A.worthwhile B.worthily C.worth D.worthy10.“If we fail to act now,”said Tom, “We’ll find ourselves ____in action later on.”A.paid backB.paid forC.paid upD.paid off2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（八）1.____native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.A.In spite ofB.That it isC.It wasD.Although2.Our civilization cannot be thought of as____in a short period of time.A.to have been createdB.to be createdC.having been createdD.being created3.We feel it is high time that the Government ____something to check the inflation. A.did B.do C.should do D.would do4.It has been proposed that we____our decision until the next meeting.A.delayedB.delayC.can delayD.are to delay5.Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy five miles an hour ____originate over tropical ocean waters.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.how to6.____is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals. A.What B.As C.Which D.That7.All the flights____because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead. A.were canceled B.had been canceledC.having canceledD.having been canceled8.Once ____, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.A.it being completedB.it completedpletedD.it completes9.He might have been killed ____the timely arrival of the ambulance.A.but forB.except forC.besidesD.except10.If you have never planted anything, you won’t be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted ____.A.growB.to growC.growingD.to be growing11.He did me a ____turn by lending me ten pounds.A.goodB.niceC.fineD.pretty12.Once our chickens started laying eggs, we had such a ____of eggs that we were giving many away to our neighbors.A.outputB.surplusC.productionD.plenty13.Following are comments about the behavior that people in Korea usually expect in various social ____.A.occasionsB.casesC.situationsD.circumstances14.They have considered their high standard of living a(n)____for practising their basic beliefs.A.awardB.rewardC.resultD.consequence15.Mac’s close____to his brother made people mistake them for oneanother. A.resemblance B.identity C.appearance D.relationship2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（九）1.George was introduced to ____activities at a young age, when she was hire to act as a lookout for drugdealers.A.illegalwfulC.faithfulD.peaceful2.An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education____.A.settlementB.establishmentC.costructionD.structure3.People’s status in society is frequently ____by how much they own.A.measuredB.examinedC.testedD.questioned4.Jack is so ____to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed. A.adverse B.anonymous C.indifferent D.casual5.There is an increasing ____to make movies describing violence.A.strengthB.directionC.traditionD.trend6.Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.A.escapedderC.stepsD.stairs7.I ____with the Browns during my stay in New York City.A.put inB.put downC.put onD.put up8.Operations which left patients ____ and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.A.exhaustedB.unhealthyC.upsetD.fearful9.Farmers are allowed to grow small gardens of their own and they sell their vegetables ____ the black market.A.onB.atC.inD.for10.The electric fan does not work because of the ____of service.A.pauseB.breakC.interruptionD.breakdown2023考博英语词汇语法练习题及答案（十）1.____in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.A.Unpopular has as white beenB.White has been as unpopularC.Unpopular has been as whiteD.Unpopular as white has been2.____for a long time, the fields are all dried up.A.There has been no rainB.Having no rainC.There having been no rainD.There being no rain3.The millions of calculations involved, ____by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.A.had they been doneB.they had been doneC.having been doneD.they were done4.Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment____.A.which they are happeningB.they are happeningC.which they happenD.they have happened5.____me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.A.That amazedB.It amazedC.Which amazedD.What amazed6.Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, ____she was twenty five.A.her first real success did not come untilB.her real first success came until notC.since her first real success did not come untilD.not until her first real success7.You should know better than____ your little sister at home by herself.A.to leaveB.leavingC.to have leftD.left8.As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____grab a bite at the snack bar.A.may wellB.just as wellC.might as wellD.as well9.She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy foods for her children.A.have stolenB.stealC.stoleD.stealing10.The boy has admitted to ____ the window while playing football yesterday.A.breakingB.having been brokenC.breakD.be breaking11.Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets____in transit.A.misusedB.mishandledC.mistakenD.mislaid12.____money, she is quite rich.However, this does not mean that she is happy.A.ConcerningB.As toC.In terms ofD.In the light of13.A well written composition ____good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A.calls forB.calls onC.calls upD.calls off14.It is ____with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.A.in her honorB.on her honorC.a point of honorD.an honor15.This house will probably come on the ____next month.A.fairB.marketC.shopD.Store参考答案1.答案B【参考译文】不管发生什么事, 我弟弟都决心成为一名警察。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Cloze (0. 5 x 20 = 10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.The most famous painter in Victoria's history is Emily Carr. When she was a child, she discovered that walking in the woods more to her than playing with other children, and that she was more interested in 2 the streets of old Victoria than playing at home with 3 and spending her time making up.Emily was a cute little girl who spent 4_of her childhood in Beacon Hill Park 5 was very close to her home. Drawing 6 her, and she also liked to play with the pets. She had ducks and chickens, and even 7 a monkey. She was 8 interested in the First Nations people and the Chinese people she saw in Victoria's Chinatown. Their culture and way of dressing seemed so 9 from her own.As she became a young, strong and 10 woman. Emily began to go on long trips into the forests toll and draw what she saw. She loved the free and simple 12 of the First Nations people. In the summer of 1895 she went on 13 with two other women to 14 the wilderness along the Cowichan River that runs through Duncan, 15 north of Victoria.She knew more about their lifestyle and the forests of B. C. than 16 other European woman.When you look at her paintings you can sense the 17 of these dark mysterious forests. Her paintings are now very famous and, 18 the dark colors may not be attractive to some people, they 19 the beauty and mystery of the deep woods and the skill of a great artist. Emily was a very brave and independent woman. She walked through the woods alone, even though she knew that bears and wolves might be her only 201. A. attracted B. appealed C. allured D. induced2. A. dashing B. strolling c. jogging D. roaming3. A. friends B. mates C. dolls D. parents4. A. much B. lots C. more D. many5. A. where B. which C. since D. it6. A. fascinated B. bewildered C. captured D. indulged7. A. fed B. domesticated C. trained D. confined8. A.particularly B. almost C. constantly D. intrinsically9. A. diverse B. various C. distinct D. outstanding10. A. special B. independent C. lonely D. unaided11. A. paint B.record C. describe D. take12. A. society B. work C. lifestyle D. pace13. A. an adventure B. an exploitation C. a tour D. anexpedition14. A. check B. explore C. examine D. search15. A. only B. just C. much D. in16. A. any B. some C. certain D. none17. A. mood B. tone C. taste D. atmosphere18. A. if B. otherwise C. though D. but19. A. evoke B. arouse C. remind D. raise20. A. enemies B. foods C. companions D. friendsII.Reading comprehension （20 x 2 = 40% ）Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions, you are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC."It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation （饱和）point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996 according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from （大不相同于）the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue.-, but their tastes are increasingly diverse — whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population — and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children —has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors.., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.21.What does the passage mainly tell about?A.Fast food disappoints consumers.B. People prefer less expensive food.C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D. Fast food is losing its attraction.22.What can we learn from the passage?A.O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B.The number of supermarkets doubles.C.Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast food.D.McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.23.What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?A.They seek a variety of food.B.They have come of age.C.They will spend more money on food.D.They tend to have luxurious food.24.Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?A.Speed and price of the food.B. Diversity of the food.C. Tastes of the consumers.D. Age of the consumers.25.What brings trouble to fast food industry?A.Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B.The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.petition with retailers and diversity of food.D.Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Passage TwoParents of wailing （哀号）babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean （断奶）them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.'Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. H Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. n All primate infants cry." Maestripieri said. "It*sa very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."26.What can be the most probable title of this passage?A.Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB. Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC. Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD. False Cry27.Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A.Scientists discovered why animal infants cry.B.The difference in the amount of children's cry is somewhat due to genes.C.Babies have a violent reaction to the mother*s ignorance.D.Chimpanzees' annoyance can hardly be alleviated.28.What is implied in Paragraph 4?A.Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers' attention.B.Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.C.Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.D.Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.29.How do the parents respond to babies* cry?A.They come to doubt it.B. They take it seriously.C. They are indifferent to it.D. They are weary of it.30.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the reason for babies* cry?A.Discomfort.B. Hungry.C. Consolation.D. Thirsty.Passage ThreeWhenever I hear a weather report declaring it's the hottest June 10 on record or whatever, I can't take it too seriously, because "ever" really means "as long as the records go back'*, which is only as far as the late 1800s. Scientists have other ways of measuring temperatures before that, though — not for individual dates, but they can ten the average temperature of a given year by such proxy measurements as growth marks incorals, deposits in ocean and lake sediments, and cores drilled into glacial ice. They can even use drawings of glaciers as there were hundreds of years ago compared with today.And in the most comprehensive compilation of such data to date, says a new report from the National Research Council, it looks pretty certain that the last few decades have been hotter than any comparable period in the last 400 years. That's a blow to those who claim the current warm spell is just part of the natural up and down of average temperatures —a frequent assertion of the global —warming-doubters crowd.The report was triggered by doubts about past-climate claims made last year by climatologist Michael Mann, of the University of Virginia (he's the creator of the "hockey stick" graph Al Gore used in "An Inconvenient Truth" to dramatize the rise in carbon dioxide in recent years). Mann claimed that the recent warming was unprecedented in the past thousand years — that led Congress to order up an assessment by the prestigious Research Council. Their conclusion was that a thousand years was reasonable, but not overwhelmingly supported by the data. But the past 400 was — so resoundingly that it fully supports the claim that today's temperatures ale unnaturally warm, just as global warming theory has been predicting for a hundred years. And if there*s any doubt about whether these proxy measurements are really legitimate, the NRC scientists compared them with actual temperature data from the most recent century, when real thermometers were in widespread use. The match was more or less right on.In the past nearly two decades since TIME first put global warming on the cover, then, the argument against it has gone from "it isn't happening" to n it's happening, but it's natural", to "it's mostly natural" —\and now, it seems, that assertion too is going to have to drop away. Indeed. Rep. Sherwood Boehert, the New York Republican who chairs the House Science Committee and who asked for the report declared that it did nothing to support the notion of a controversy over global warming science —a controversy that opponents keep insisting is alive. Whether President Bush will finally take seriousaction to deal with the warming, however,is a much less settled question.31.What does this passage mainly deal with?A.The tendency of earth's becoming hotter.B. The assessment of earth's temperature.C. The menace of global warming.D.The measurement of tackling global warming.32.What is "proxy measurement" in Paragraph 1 likely to refer to?A.Studying the characteristics of glaciers.B.Measuring the growth signs of aquatic organism.C.Taking advantage of previous pictures.ing clues left from the past.33.What does the report from NRC indicate?A.The earth will become warmer.B.It is somewhat suspicious of Michael Mann's assertion.C.The earth reaches the highest temperature in the history.D.The proxy measurements are reliable.34.Which statement is NOT true concerning the controversy about global warming?A.The new report from NRC is motivated by the controversy over Michael Mann's claim.B.Those who doubt global warming consider that warming is a natural phenomenon.C.Those suspicious of global warming take an inconsistent stance on the issue.D.The argument ends in the defeat of global-warming-doubters.35.What is the author's attitude towards global warming theory?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Favorable.D. Neutral.Passage FourA proposed Russian ban on European Union meat exports could jeopardize Russia's aspirations to join the World Trade Organization next year, the EU trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson, warned Friday. He warned that several of the 25 EU member states were growing weary of Russia's trade tactics and could move to block its WTO bid.He emphasized that the European Union supported Russia's WTO accession in principle and that he did not want to link the Russian meat ban to Russia*s WTO prospects ,though EU states could do so. in order to join the organization,Russia must reach agreement with each of the 149 WTO members."Issues like this will affect the attitude of member states toward signing off on accession," Mandelson said. "This is not the only trade irritant between us and Russia — there are at least half a dozen ― and this latest ban is bound to affect the attitude of member states," toward Russia's aim of joining the WTO. n We can't have so many of these trade irritants hanging over us."Mandelson said he would work to get Russia to back off from its current plans to ban all EU animal products as of Jan. 1, which would affect C = $ 1.7 billion, or $ 2. 2 billion, in exports to Russia Moscow has justified the ban on the grounds that Bulgaria and Romania, which will join the European Union on that day, do not have adequate food safety measures. But Mandelson warned that if Moscow refused to back down, it could sour overall trade relations with the European Union, which is already concerned about fair access to Moscow's energy resources. "Russia is acting in a disproportionate way," he said.President Vladimir Putin has made WTO membership one of his key economic objectives. He is keen to improve access to world markets for Russian exports and to provide a lift to the country's neglected aghculrural sector. European resistance would add to reservations by trade negotiators in Washington who want Russia to make more progress on reducing tariffs on U. S. meat imports and protecting intellectual property before joining the world trade body.Trade disputes cast a shadow over the summit meeting, which was supposed to mark the start of talks on a partnership agreement between the European Union and Russia covering energy, trade and human rights. But Poland —in a separate dispute with Moscow over a Russian ban on Polish farm exports — used its veto to stop the talks on Friday.Putin defended the Russian ban after earlier complaining that the European Commission had failed to consult him before agreeing to admit Bulgaria and Romania, whose food safety practices he called into question.EU officials said privately that Putin's stance suggested he was suffering from a Cold War hangover because the former Soviet satellites will soon become EU members.36.What is the theme of this passage?A.Russia conflicts with EU members in meat trade.B.Russia may risk WTO entry with EU meat ban.C.Russia prepares to enter WTO.D.Russia complains about food security of Bulgaria and Romania.37.Which statement is NOT true about EU?A.EU has not signed partnership agreement with Russia.B.EU is disappointed with at Russia*s trade strategy.C.EU wants Russia to cut down on tariffs on its meat imports.D.EU may connect the trade conflict with Russia*s entry into WTO.38.Which word has the similar meaning to "imtant" in Paragraph 3?A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. annoyanceD.interference39.What can be implied from the last paragraph?A.Russia will soon suffer from isolation.B.Russia will soon lose its satellites.C.Former Soviet satellites resist Russia's entering WTO.D.Some EU officials understand Russia's position.40.What is the author's attitude towards Russia?A. Suggestive.B. Prejudicial.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.Part UI Translation (30%)Section A : From Chinese into English (15%)每个人心中都该有个志向，否则他的经历就会被浪费掉。