定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:32.63 KB
- 文档页数:5
高三英语定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选用单选题40题1.The man ______ is standing there is my father.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案:C。
本题考查关系代词的选用。
先行词是“the man”,指人,且在从句中作主语,所以用who。
that 也可指人,但一般不用于非限制性定语从句,本题不是非限制性定语从句,也可用that;which 指物;whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
2.The book ______ I bought yesterday is very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案:A、B。
先行词是“the book”,指物,关系代词that 和which 都可选用。
who 和whom 指人,不符合。
3.The girl ______ he loves is very beautiful.A.thatB.whichC.who答案:A、C。
先行词是“the girl”,指人,且在从句中作宾语,关系代词that 和who 都可选用。
which 指物,whom 一般在从句中作宾语。
4.The doctor ______ treated me is very kind.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案:A、C。
先行词是“the doctor”,指人,且在从句中作主语,关系代词that 和who 都可选用。
which 指物,whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
5.The house ______ we live in is very big.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案:A、B。
先行词是“the house”,指物,关系代词that 和which 都可选用。
who 和whom 指人,不符合。
6.The house ___ roof was damaged in the storm is being repaired.A.whichB.whoseD.of which答案:B。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是起到连接作用的词语,它们可以将一个句子与一个修饰它的定语从句连接起来。
在使用过程中,我们需要注意它们的用法和区别。
本文将对定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词进行归纳和总结。
一、关系代词关系代词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者介词宾语的词语。
主要有以下几个关系代词:1. 关系代词"that":在非限制性定语从句中不能使用,一般用来引导非人的先行词,如物品、动物等。
例如:I have a book that is interesting.2. 关系代词"who":主要指人,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。
例如:I have a friend who is a doctor.3. 关系代词"which":一般用来引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个句子或者句子中的某一部分。
例如:This is my car, which is red.4. 关系代词"whom":同样指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:I have a friend whom I trust.5. 关系代词"whose":用来指人或物,表示所属关系。
例如:This is the girl whose bag was stolen.二、关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中表示地点、时间、程度、原因等关系的副词。
主要有以下几个关系副词:1. 关系副词"where":表示地点,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the place where we met.2. 关系副词"when":表示时间,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the day when we first met.3. 关系副词"how":表示方式或程度,在定语从句中修饰名词。
定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词或代词的从句。
它可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导,常用的关系代词有"that, who, whom, whose, which",而常用的关系副词有"where, when, why"。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的使用。
一、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者修饰名词的成分。
具体使用如下:1. Who"Who"在定语从句中用来修饰指人的名词,作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
)- The man who I talked to last night is a famous actor.(昨晚我跟他说话的那个男人是一位著名演员。
)2. Whom"Whom"也用来修饰指人的名词,在定语从句中通常作为宾语出现。
例如:- I met the girl whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见到了你介绍给我的那个女孩。
)3. Whose"Whose"用来修饰指人或指物的名词,表示所属关系。
例如:- The book whose cover is red is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。
)4. Which"Which"修饰指物的名词,在定语从句中作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- Do you know the reason why the bus was late?(你知道公交车晚点的原因吗?)5. That"That"通常用来修饰人或物的名词,在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或修饰名词的成分出现。
例如:- The car that I bought last month is very fast.(我上个月购买的那辆车非常快。
定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词在英语语法中,定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词在起连接词的作用,并且在句中充当句子成分。
本文将详细介绍定语从句中的关系代词与关系副词。
一、关系代词关系代词有三个常用的形式,分别是"who"、"which"和"that"。
这些关系代词在定语从句中引导从句,并代替先行词,起到连接从句与主句的作用。
1. "who"用于修饰人,在定语从句中代替先行词,可以作为主语或宾语。
例如:- The man who is standing over there is my brother.(站在那边的那个人是我哥哥)- The girl who we met yesterday is my classmate.(我们昨天遇见的那个女孩是我的同学)2. "which"用于修饰物,在定语从句中代替先行词,同样可以作为主语或宾语。
例如:- The book which is on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的)- The car which I bought last week is very expensive.(我上周买的那辆车很贵)3. "that"可以用于修饰人或物,在定语从句中代替先行词,同样可以作为主语或宾语。
与"who"和"which"不同的是,"that"使用相对较多,可以用来代替人或物。
例如:- The dog that is barking is very cute.(正在叫的那只狗非常可爱)- The movie that I watched last night was very interesting.(我昨晚看的那部电影很有趣)二、关系副词关系副词有两个常用的形式,分别是"when"和"where"。
定语从句里面如何选择关系代词还是关系副词在定语从句里面最让同学们头痛的就是关系代词和关系副词的用法了,编者请教了中山学文英语培训老师,特总结如下:1. 关系代词(which, who, that, who, whom)which 只能指代物,who 只能指代人,that 既可以指代人也可以指代物,whom 只能指代人而且在定语从句里面做宾语我们都知道人,和物通常情况下都是做主语或者宾语,同样在定语从句里面,我前面有说过,定语从句中,关系代词一定要在从句中充当一个句子成分,那么这个成分就是主语或者宾语。
换句话说:关系代词在从句中做主语或者宾语。
再言之就是从句句子不完整,缺少主语或者宾语时用关系代词。
eg: It is a good book______tells us a lot. (缺少主语,book是物,所以选用which 或者that) He has a sister______is very beautiful.( 缺少主语,sister是人,所以选用who, 或者that) He has a sister_______his friends all like very much. (缺少宾语,sister 是人,所以选用whom, 或者that 或者不填)This is a very good book _____I bought last week,( 缺少宾语,book 是物,所以选用which, 或者that或者不填)关系副词(where, when, why)不知道大家有没有注意,where表示在那个地方,那么一定做地点状语,when表示什么时候,那么一定做时间状语,why 表示为什么,也就是说它做原因状语。
言而简之:where 做地点状语,when时间状语,why 原因状语也就是说在定语从句的从句里面,主谓宾都完整不缺少任何主干成分。
换句话说就是在从句主干(主谓宾)完整时选用关系副词。
定语从句关系词的选择方法
定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,在选择关系词时要根据其在
从句中的功能进行选择。
以下是一些常见的关系词及其用法:
1.关系代词
关系代词用来引导定语从句,常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
选择关系代词时需要考虑以下几点:
- 如果先行词指代的是事物,通常用that或which引导定语从句,
可以省略。
- 如果先行词指代的是人,通常用who或that引导定语从句,who
可以用于主语或宾语位置,that只能用于宾语位置。
也可以用whom引导
定语从句,但大部分情况下用who代替whom更常见。
- 如果先行词是所有格,通常用whose引导定语从句。
2.关系副词
关系副词用来引导定语从句,常见的关系副词有:where, when, why。
选择关系副词时需要考虑以下几点:
- 如果先行词表示地点,通常用where引导定语从句。
- 如果先行词表示时间,通常用when引导定语从句。
- 如果先行词表示原因,通常用why引导定语从句。
需要注意的是,有时候可以用关系代词和关系副词互换,但在意义上
可能会有细微的差别。
此外,有些情况下也可以用介词+关系代词的形式
引导定语从句,例如:in which, on which等。
在选择关系词时,要根据从句在句子中的位置和其与先行词的关系进行判断。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词定语从句是英语中非常重要的从句,用于修饰前面的名词或代词,进一步限定或说明该名词或代词的特定信息。
在定语从句中,我们常常使用关系代词和关系副词来引导。
本文将详细介绍关系代词和关系副词的用法,以及它们在定语从句中的作用。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词用于代替定语从句中所修饰的词或短语,起到连接两个句子的作用。
在定语从句中,我们常用的关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose。
1. that: 在限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语时,通常可以省略。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)2. which: 用于修饰和代替非人称名词或整个句子。
例如:I lost the key, which made me very upset.(我丢了钥匙,这让我很沮丧。
)3. who/whom: 用于修饰和代替人称名词。
例如:The woman who is standing over there is my mother.(站在那边的那个女人是我妈妈。
)4. whose: 用于表示所属关系。
例如:The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.(那个包被偷的女孩向警方报案了。
)二、关系副词的用法关系副词在定语从句中用来引导修饰整个句子的从句,常用的关系副词有:where, when, why。
1. where: 引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例如:This is the school where I study.(这是我上学的学校。
)2. when: 引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.(那是我们第一次见面的日子。
语法中的限制性定语从句的构成和特点在语法中,限制性定语从句是一种修饰名词的结构,用来进一步限定名词的特定内容。
本文将探讨限制性定语从句的构成和特点。
1. 构成限制性定语从句的基本要素限制性定语从句由一个引导词和一个从句构成。
引导词通常是关系代词(that, who, whom, which, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)。
2. 关系代词与关系副词的选择关系代词that可以指代人或物,而who指代人,which指代物。
关系代词whom只用于指代人,作为宾语时放在句子中。
Whose用于指代所有格,表示所属关系。
关系副词when用于时间,where用于地点,why用于原因。
3. 限制性定语从句的放置位置限制性定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词之后,并直接与名词存在紧密的修饰关系。
例如:I like the book that you recommended. (我喜欢你推荐的那本书)4. 限制性定语从句的特点(1)紧密关联:限制性定语从句与被修饰的名词之间存在紧密的关系,意义上不可分割。
(2)不可省略:限制性定语从句中的关系词在句中担任重要的成分,不能省略。
(3)无逗号隔离:与非限制性定语从句不同,限制性定语从句不使用逗号隔开。
(4)不可改变语序:限制性定语从句的语序通常与主句保持一致,不能颠倒或改变。
5. 限制性定语从句的例句(1)He is the man who saved my life.(他是救了我命的那个人)(2)I have a friend whose father is a doctor.(我有一个朋友,他的父亲是医生)(3)This is the house where I was born.(这是我出生的房子)(4)She told me the reason why she couldn't come.(她告诉我她不能来的原因)总结:限制性定语从句是一种修饰名词的结构,由引导词和从句构成。
定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择----by 成都树德中学兰银清一)定语从句的概念:句中修饰限定或者补充说明名词或者代词的是一个句子,这个句子就是定语从句We can’t ignore the difficulties that/which lie ahead.All that I want is your happiness.What is the name of the man who just came in.I like those who smile a lot.There are a lot of students here whose parents work outside.This is the school where I used work.定语从句的先行词: 被定语从句饰限定或者补充说明名词或者代词引导定语从句的关系代词:who, whom , which, that, whose,as引导定语从句的关系副词:when, where, why,as二)如何选用关系代词?1.判成分如果定语从句需要主语或者宾语,就要选用关系代词who, whom(作宾语),that, which.2.确定先行词1)先行词如果指人选用who, whom(作宾语)或者that,在实际运用中多使用who; 先行词如果指物选用that或者 which,在实际运用中多使用that先行词(n/pron)+who/whom/that1,Do you know the people_________ live next door ?2,This is the man _________I met on the train last week.3,It is a book_________ will interest children of all ages.4,I have found the car keys __________you were looking for.注意:(1)、在限定性定语从句中,作宾语的关系单词可以省略This is the man (who/that/whom) I met on the train last week.(2)限定性定语从句需要表语,用thatI am not the man that I was ten years ago.Wenzhou is not the place that it was 20 years ago.2) Whose 引导的定语从句当定语从句需要所有格(也可以理解为定语),则需要用whose。
只要定语从句需要所有格,先行词指人,指物,指地点都要whose。
先行词(n/pron)+whose6.We stopped to help some people ________ car broke down.7.I live in the house ________ door is red.8.You don’t need to look up every word ________ meaning is not clear.9.The school shop, __________customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.(高考)注意:whose指物时, whose +n= the n of which/of which the n10.You don’t need to look up every word ________ meaning is not clear.= You don’t need to look up every word the meaning of ______ is not clear.11.We are introducing a new system, _________ aim is to cut costs.=We are introducing a new system of _______ the aim is to cut costs.12. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.13. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.14.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of_______ had taken more than three years.(高考)15.The newly-built cafe, the walls of ___________are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.三)如何选用关系副词1)判成分:如果定语从句不需要主语或者宾语,多半要选择关系副词2)确定先行词:先行词指地点用where; 指时间用when;指原因(reason),用why.在定语从句中,when/where/why = 适合介词+which1,I will never forget the day when I first met you.=I will never forg et the day ______ _________ I first met you.2, This is the school where I once worked.=This is the school ____ ______ I once worked.3, Do you know the reason why she doesn’t like me ?= Do you know the reason _______ ________which she doesn’t like me ?4.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet_____ life has developed gradually.5. I live in a small city, ________ population are mostly migrants.(本人自编题)注意:1,先行词是时间、地点或者原因,但是定语从句需要主语或者宾语,则把先行词看成是指物,要使用关系代词that/which试比较:1)This is the school ________ I used to work.2)This is the school _______ I used to work in.3) Chengdu No. 9 Senior High School, ______ is a national key school, is where I used to work.4) Chengdu No. 9 Senior High School, _______ I used to work, is a national key school.5),This is the school __________I visited last week.6),I will never forget the days _________ we stayed together.7),I will never forget the days __________ we spent together in the summer.8), The reason _____________ he gave me sounds good.9),The reason__________ he dislikes me is that I tell exactly what I think of him.10).By 16: 30, ___________ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold out.本人自编12), I would rather go to visit the factory next week, ________ I won’t be busy. (题)13)Finally, he reached a lonely island ______ was completely cut off from the outside world.14) That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.15)Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, ______ it will keep for two or three weeks.2. 定语从句一般紧跟先行词,但是有时也可能被其它成分隔开。
(一定要找准先行词哦!)1)He is the only teacher in my office_______ has been to London .2)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.小试身手:3)Ellen was a painter of birds and nature, _______, for some reason , had withdrawn from all human society. (浙江高考)4)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently neededclean water, medicine and shelter to survive.(江苏高考)5)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.(全国卷)6)An ecosystem consists of the living and non living things in an area ______ interact with one another.7)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.三.注意区别限定性和非限定定语从句限定性定语从句:对先行词起着修饰限定作用非限定定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用注意非限定定语从句不能用that1)He married a woman ___________ he met on a train.He married a very nice young engineer, _________he met on a train.2)Did you like the wine __________we drank last night ?I poured him a glass of wine, _______ he drank at once.3) The ball fell to Collins , _________ shot hit the post.4) Chengdu No. 9 High School, _________ I used to work , is a national key school..5) The summer of 1969, __________man first set foot on the moon, will never be forgotten.haven’t borne any fruit.(本人自编题)6) These apple trees, ____I planted three years ago,7) As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ___ is named after his grandfather.四)关系代词或者副词的选用的进一步讲解1. which 与as 的选择1).意义上的区别as 往往翻译为“正如”;which往往翻译为“这一点”。