【英语】非谓语动词(完整版)
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非谓语动词讲解(超全)非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式,不可以独立作谓语。
它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成,常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。
一、不定式:不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。
例句:1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.(作主语)2. She wants to go shopping.(作宾语)3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.(作表语)4. He has a lot of work to finish.(作定语)不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式:进行时态:to be + 动词的现在分词完成时态:to have + 动词的过去分词被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词例句:1. He seems to be sleeping.(不定式进行时态)2. You should have told me earlier.(不定式完成时态)3. The car needs to be repaired.(不定式被动语态)二、动名词:动名词是指动词的-ing形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。
例句:1. Reading is my favorite hobby.(作主语)2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.(作宾语)3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.(作表语)4. The girl standing over there is my sister.(作定语)5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.(作状语)动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态,而不定式没有。
非谓语动词非谓语动词。
在英语中,不能作句子谓语,而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的时态和语态的不同形式动词不定式动名词分词主动to do doing doing(同时,主动)被动to be done being done done(被动,完成)进行主动to be doing进行被动being done进行,被动主动完成to havedone having done having done(主动,完成一般作状语)被动完成to havebeen done having beendonehaving beendone(被动,完成一般作状语)非谓语动词在句中的作用主语宾语表语补语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√一:分词(现在分词和过去分词,分别表示:主动,行进&被动,完成)1)作定语The girl standing by the window is my sister.=The girl who is standing by the window is my sister.This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer.2) 作状语(一般表示时间,原因,条件,伴随)有时可将从句中when/while /unless/if 等保留(While/When)Walking in the street ,I saw her.=While/When I was walking in the street ,I saw her.(表示时间)Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.=When our school is seen from the hill,it looks more beautiful.从小山上看,我们学校更美了。
非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种: 1.动词不定式:to do表示目的和将来2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词:done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been done过去分词被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤:1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语:1). 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk2). 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point(in)doing sth2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较:1)、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
第二讲非谓语动词教学重点1, 非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别;2, 非谓语动词的各种形式和应用;3, 非谓语动词的考点解析。
一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1•谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
如:Miss Mary teaches us English .玛丽教我们英语。
(teaches是谓语动词。
)Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk不定式作状语)2•谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
如:Tom likes the pop music.汤姆喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用第三人称单数形式)Tom has nothing to do today.汤姆今天没有什么事要做。
(do用原形)二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其动能和形式如下:非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式;表语是动名词,主语也是动名词。
如:To see is to believe= See ing is believ ing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如:It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构:动词不定式的复合结构有两种:It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to de。
(完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词是英语中一类特殊的动词形式,不具备人称和数的变化,也不充当句子的谓语。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词,它们有各自的用法和功能。
1. 不定式不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,结构为"to + 动词原形"。
不定式可以用作动词、形容词或副词。
1.1 动词不定式动词不定式可以充当句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语等。
例如:- To study is important for students.(作主语)- I want to learn English.(作宾语)- She asked me to help her.(作宾语补足语)1.2 形容词不定式形容词不定式用于修饰名词或代词。
例如:- I have a book to read.(修饰名词)- He is the man to trust.(修饰代词)1.3 副词不定式副词不定式用于修饰动词、形容词或副词。
例如:- She worked hard to pass the exam.(修饰动词)- He is happy to see you.(修饰形容词)- She walked quickly to catch the bus.(修饰副词)2. 动名词动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式,结构为动词的现在分词形式。
动名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语等。
例如:- Swimming is good exercise.(作主语)- I enjoy playing basketball.(作宾语)- She kept on talking.(作宾语补足语)3. 分词分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,根据时态和完成程度的不同,分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
3.1 现在分词现在分词用于表示主动或进行的动作。
例如:- The running boy is my brother.(作定语)- She stood there, crying.(作状语)3.2 过去分词过去分词用于表示被动或完成的动作。
【英语】非谓语动词 ( 完好版 )一、单项选择非谓语动词1.Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ______ what she thought was necessary.A. ordered B.orderingC. to have ordered D. having been ordered【答案】B【分析】【详解】考察此刻分词。
句意:泰勒太太逛了商铺,订购了她以为必需的东西。
剖析句子可知,Mrs. Taylor 与 order 在逻辑上是主动关系,所以用此刻分词作状语。
应选 B 项。
2.Life is a journey _____with hardships, joys and special moments.A. filled B. to fill C. filling D. having filled【答案】 A【分析】【详解】考察非谓语动词,句意:生命是一个充满艰辛,快乐和特别时辰的旅途。
在题干中_withhardship 做 journey filled 。
be filled with 的后置定语,与所修饰的做定语的时候,能够把journey 组成被动关系,所以使用过去分词be 去掉。
也能够变换成定语从句。
应选A。
3.A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _____your muscles relaxed for over half an hour. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave【答案】 C【分析】【详解】考察非谓语动词。
句意:畅怀大笑能够缓解身体紧张,起码能够使你的肌肉放松半小时。
剖析句子可知,空格处做陪伴状语。
且与逻辑主语laugh 组成主动关系,所以用此刻分词。
应选C。
4.Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep【答案】 D【分析】5.Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A.realizing B.realizedC. to realize【答案】 AD. being realized【分析】试题剖析:考察非谓语动词的用法。