句子成分及句子种类练习题

英语句子成分分析一个句子至少由两部分构成，即主语和谓语，它们是句子的主要成分。

句子的次要成分包括宾语（包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语），表语，定语（包括前置定语及后置定语），状语，同位语（包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语），补语。

一.主语：是一句话的中心，一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。

)Time flies.（时光飞逝。

）这两句话中分别由代词They，名词Time作主语。

主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。

The school is far from here.名词做主语She goes to school by bike.代词做主语Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。

（从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）二.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。

谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。

且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。

如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。

状语种类如下： 状语种类如下 a. How about meeting again at six?（时间状语） b. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语） c. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语） d. Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语） e. She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状 语） f. She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语） g. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. （目的状语） h. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状 语） i. She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语） j. I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
（3）实义动词与助动词be构成被动语态，共 同做谓语.当然还可以与其他的助动词一块儿 构成不同时态的被动语态. a. He was fired. (was 为助动词，与其后的实义 动词fired构成被动语态，共同做谓语) fired ) b. The work has been finished. (has been 为 助动词，与其后的实义动词finished构成现在 完成时的被动语态，共同做谓语)
d. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） e. We saw her entering the room.（现在分词） Don’t keep the lights burning. f. We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语） Please make yourself at home. g. We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句） h. I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）

精品文档句子成分与句子种类一、指出下列句子划线部分在句子中是什么成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. Tom was elected monitor yesterday.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He asked us to hand in the paper tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. Phoebe was found alive.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二、判断下列句子是陈述句，疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意），祈使句，还是感叹句：1. Listen!2. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?3. What time do you go to school in the morning?4. How excited the football fan looked!5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.6. Never change your mind.7. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?8. What a beautiful garden!9. Does Jack enjoy country music or not?10. Be careful next time!三、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well（）. I'm fine, but tired（）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（）. August is the hottest month here（）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors （）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（）. But he employs more men for the harvest（）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here （）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（）. Every evening we pump water from a well（）.It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（）. Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（）. These parties often make us very happy（）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（）. It's great（）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion（）. Some of my friends drink beer（）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（）. There are five different time areas in the States（）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（）. How many different time areas do you have in China（）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep （）. Please give my best regards to your parents（）.四、判断下列简单句属于五种基本类型的哪一种：1.The weather has turned cold.2.His job is to teach English.3.She smiled happily.4.He has caught a bad cold.5.They painted their boat white.6.Let the fresh air in.7.We saw her entering the room.8.He bought me a birthday gift.9.Call me Joe.10.Is this yours?五、划出下面复合句中的从句，并判断其属于何种从句：1.The truth is that he has never been abroad.2.I think（that）he is fit for the job.3.The man who is talking with Mary is a friend of mine.4.Once you begin, you must continue. I shall go there if it doesn’train.5.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.6.Have you ever seen a book whose cover is blue?7.The question whether we should limit the number of cars in ourcity will be discussed in the meeting tomorrow.8.She asked me where I lived.9.Where the stranger comes from remains a secret to us.精品文档句子成分与句子种类一、指出下列句子划线部分在句子中是什么成分：1. The students got on the school bus.主语；定语2. He handed me the newspaper.宾语3. I shall answer your question after class.谓语；状语4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!定语5. They went hunting together early in the morning.状语6. His job is to train swimmers.定语；表语7. Tom was elected monitor yesterday. 主补8. There is going to be an American film tonight.谓语；主语9. He asked us to hand in the paper tomorrow. 宾补10. His wish is to become a scientist.主语；表语11. He managed to finish the work in time.谓语；宾语12. Tom came to ask me for advice.状语13. Phoebe was found alive. 主补14. Do you have anything else to say?宾语；定语15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.插入语；状语16. Would you please tell me your address?双宾语17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.状语；18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.主语；表语；宾补19. He noticed a man enter the room. 宾补20. The apples tasted sweet.表语二、判断下列句子是陈述句，疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意），祈使句，还是感叹句：1. Listen!祈使句2. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?反义问句3. What time do you go to school in the morning? 特殊问句4. How excited the football fan looked! 感叹句5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.陈述句6. Never change your mind.祈使句7. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?反义问句8. What a beautiful garden! 感叹句9. Does Jack enjoy country music or not? 选择问句10. Be careful next time! 祈使句三、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well（复合句）. I'm fine, but tired（简单句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）. August is the hottest month here（简）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（复）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并）. We have a lot of machines on the farm （简）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（复）. But he employs more men for the harvest（简）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（简）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here（简）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（简）. Every evening we pump water from a well（简）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简）.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简）. These parties often make us very happy（简）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（简）. It's great（简）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion（简）. Some of my friends drink beer（简）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（复）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（简）. There are five different time areas in the States（简）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（简）. How many different time areas do you have in China（简）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（简）. Please give my best regards to your parents（简）.四、判断下列简单句属于五种基本类型的哪一种：11.The weather has turned cold. 主系表12.His job is to teach English. 主系表13.14.She smiled happily. 主谓15.16.He has caught a bad cold.主谓宾17.18.They painted their boat white.主谓宾宾补19.Let the fresh air in.主谓宾宾补20.We saw her entering the room. .主谓宾宾补21.He bought me a birthday gift. 主谓双宾22.Call me Joe. 主谓宾宾补23.24.Is this yours? 主系表五、划出下面复合句中的从句，并判断其属于何种从句：10.11.The truth is that he has never been abroad. 表语从句12.I think（that）he is fit for the job.宾语从句13.14.The man who is talking with Mary is a friend of mine. 定语从句15.16.Once you begin, you must continue. 条件状语从句17.18.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. 条件状语从句19.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结果状语从句20.21.Have you ever seen a book whose cover is blue? 定语从句22.The question whether we should limit the number of cars in our city willbe discussed in the meeting tomorrow. 定语从句23.She asked me where I lived. 宾语从句24.Where the stranger comes from remains a secret to us. 主语从句。

The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.
被动语态 宾语 无 __________, 无_________
e.g. <1>.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了 过去的几年里我们学校发生了
很大的变化” 很大的变化”
Great changes have taken place ____________________________ ____________________________. in our school in the last few years.
请说出下列句子类型: 请说出下列句子类型
1.Summer is coming. S+Vi 2.They won’t let me go. S+V+O+C 3.He showed me a new TV S+V+O1+O2 set. 4.She knows French. S+V+O 5.The gas smells terrible. S+V+P
因果并列连词 因果并列连词: 并列连词 选择并列连词 选择并列连词: 并列连词
for, or,
so
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合 并为一个并列句。 并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.

句子成分及练习（一）句子成分的定义：❖构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

❖句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；❖主要成分有主语和谓语；❖次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。

二、主语(Subject)表示句子说的是什么人或什么事.是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）三）谓语❖谓语(Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：❖1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten o’clock.❖2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。

句子成分、种类与结构真题一、单项选择。

1. Nancy, sweep the classroom，? (四川宜宾)A. don't youB. do youC. will youD. doesn't she2. We have to finish the work now, ? (内蒙古呼和浩特)A. don't weB. haven't weC. have weD. do we3.-The news reported that the rainstorm was in the area last night.-Yes. bad weather it was! (四川凉山)A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How4.- do you go to the cinema?-Once a month. (北京)A. How longB. How farC. How oftenD. How much5. - ?-He is not very heavy and wears glasses. (内蒙古包头)A.What does Ron look likeB.What is RonC. What do you think of RonD. How is Ron6. clever the boy is! (湖南长沙)A. HowB. WhatC. What a7.Do you want to be healthy? Smiling can help you stay healthy. (河南)A.SmileB. SmilingC. To smileD. Smiled8. - is it from the village to your farm?-About 10 minutes' walk. (广东)A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far9. great picture! Who painted it? (河北)A. HowB. WhatC. How aD.What a10. -He didn't go to the concert yesterday,did he?-. He was busy studying for the tests all day. (湖北黄冈)A. No,he didn'tB. Yes,he didC. No, he didD. Yes,he didn't11. something wrong with my bike. Can I use yours? (河北)A. It isB. It wasC.There isD. There was12. -You haven't been to the West Lake, have you?-_. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. (广东)A. No,I haven'tB. No,I didn'tC. Yes,I haveD. Yes,I did13. -Don't copy others homework anymore!- ,Miss Smith. (四川广安)A. OK,I willB. Sorry,I won'tC. OK,I don't14.- keep water running when you are brushing your teeth or washing your hands, Jack.-OK. I know we must save every drop(滴) of water. (四川乐山)A. Why notB. PleaseC.Don't15. -You like listening to Sally's songs, don't you?- She has a sweet voice. (浙江绍兴)A. Yes,I doB. Yes, she doesC. No, I don'tD. No, she doesn't二、按要求变化下面的句子。

句子成分与句子种类一、指出下列句子划线部分在句子中是什么成分:1.The students got on the school bus.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.They went hunting together early in the morning.6.His job is to train swimmers.7.Tom was elected monitor yesterday.8.There is going to be an American film tonight.9.He asked us to hand in the paper tomorrow.10.His wish is to become a scientist.11.He managed to finish the work in time.12.Tom came to ask me for advice.13.Phoebe was found alive.14.Do you have anything else to say15.To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16.Would you please tell me your address17.He sat there, reading a newspaper.18.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19.He noticed a man enter the room.20.The apples tasted sweet.二、判断下列句子是陈述句，疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意），祈使句，还是感叹句：1.Listen!2.There is a chair in this room, isn’t there3.What time do you go to school in the morning4.How excited the football fan looked!]5.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.6.Never change your mind.7.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it8.What a beautiful garden!9.Does Jack enjoy country music or not10.Be careful next time!三、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well （）. I'm fine, but tired （）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm （）. August is the hottest month here （）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors （）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat （）. We have a lot of machines on the farm （）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him （）. But he employs more men for the harvest （）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden （）. It doesn't often rain in the).As a result, we have to water the vegetable summer here (garden ( ) . Every evening we pump water from a well ().It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden ().Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time ( ).These parties often make us very happy ( ) . We cook meat on an open fire outside ( ) . It's great ( ) ! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion ( ). Some of my friends drink beer ( ) . I don't, because I have to drive home after the party( . In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States ( ) . There are five different time areas in the States( . In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time ( ) . How many different time areas do you have in China ( ) Well, I must stop and get some sleep ( ).Please give my best regards to your parents ( ). ,四、判断下列简单句属于五种基本类型的哪一种：1.The weather has turned cold.2.His job is to teach English.3.She smiled happily.4.He has caught a bad cold.5.They painted their boat white.6.Let the fresh air in.7.We saw her entering the room.8.He bought me a birthday gift.9.; Call me Joe.10.11.Is this yours五、划出下面复合句中的从句，并判断其属于何种从句：1.The truth is that he has never been abroad.2.I think (that) he is fit for the job.3.The man who is talking with Mary is a friend of mine.4.Once you begin, you must continue. I shall go there if it doesn’train.5.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.6.Have you ever seen a book whose covers blue7.The question whether we should limit the number of cars in our 8.city will be discussed in the meeting tomorrow.9.She asked me where I lived.10.Where the stranger comes from remains a secret to us.句子成分与句子种类&一、指出下列句子划线部分在句子中是什么成分：1.The students got on the school bus.主语；定语2.He handed me the newspaper.宾语3.I shall answer your question after class.谓语：状语4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!定语5.They went hunting together early in the morning.状语6.His job is to train swimmers.定语；表语7.Tom was elected monitor yesterday. 主补8.There is going to be an American film tonight.谓语；主语9.He asked us to hand in the paper tomorrow. 宾补)10.His wish is to become a scientist.主语：表语11.He managed to finish the work in time.谓语；宾语12.Tom came to ask me for advice.状语13.Phoebe was found alive 主补14.Do you have anything else to say宾语；定语15.To be honest; your pronunciation is not 空good.插入语；状语16.Would you please tell me your 8~~0$双宾语17.He sat there, reading a newspaper.状语;18.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.主语；表语；宾补19.He noticed a man enter the room. 宾补20.The apples tasted sweet.表语二、判断下列句子是陈述句，疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意），祈使句，还是感叹句：1.Listen!祈使句2.There is a chair in this room, isn/t there 反义问句3.What time do you go to school in the morning 特殊问句4.How excited the football fan looked!感叹句5.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child 陈述句6.Never change your mind.祈使句7.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it 反义问句<8.What a beautiful garden!感叹句9.Does Jack enjoy country music or not 选择问句10.Be careful next time!祈使句三、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well （复合句）.I'm fine, but tired （简单句）.Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm （并列句）.August is the hottest month here （简）.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（复）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors （简）.We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat （并）.We have a lot of machines on the farm （简）.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him （复）.But he employs more men for the harvest （简）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden （简）.It doesn't often rain in the summer here（简. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden （简）.Every evening we pump water from a well （简）.It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden （简）.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time （简）. These parties often make us very happy （简）.We cook meat on an open fire outside （简）.It's great （简）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion （简）.Some of my friends drink beer （简）.I don't, because I have to drive home after the party （复）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States （简）.There are five different time areas in the States （简）.In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time （简）.How many different time areas do you have in China （简）Well, I must stop and get some sleep （简）.Please give my best regards to your parents （简）.四、判断下列简单句属于五种基本类型的哪一种：12. The weather has turned cold.主系表13.His job is to teach English.主系表14.15.She smiled happily.主谓16.He has caught a bad cold.主谓宾17.They painted their boat white.主谓宾宾补18.Let the fresh ai门n.主谓宾宾补19.We saw her entering the room..主谓宾宾补20.He bought me a birthday gift.主谓双宾21.Call me Joe.主谓宾宾补22.Is this yours 主系表五、划出下面复合句中的从句，并判断其属于何种从句：11.The truth is that he has never been abroad.表语从句12.I think（that）he is fit for the job.宾语从句13.The man who is talking with Mary is a friend of mine. 定语从句14.Once you begin, you must continue.条件状语从句15.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.条件状语从句16.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.结果状语从句17.Have you ever seen a book whose covers blue 定语从句18.The question whether we should limit the number of cars in our city w川be discussed in the meeting tomorrow.定语从句19.She asked me where I lived.宾语从句20.Where the stranger comes from remains a secret to us.主语从句。

2020年初升高英语无忧衔接第二章语法知识衔接专题五:句子成分和基本句型解析版一、根据句子成分和基本句型知识，选择正确答案。

1.She never lies.A. 宾语B. 谓语C. 状语D. 定语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。

句意：她从不撒谎。

划线词位于主语后，为动词，表示主语发出的动作，在句中作谓语，故选B项。

2.It is a good job for me.A. 表语B. 状语C. 定语D. 主语【答案】D【解析】本题考查句子成分。

句意：对我来说这是一份好工作。

划线词位于句首，且为人称代词，在句中作主语，故选D项。

3.He sat there quietly.A. 表语B. 状语C. 定语D. 主语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。

句意：他安静地坐在那里。

划线词为副词，修饰动词sat在句中作状语，故选B项。

4.In the sentence "Every morning, I hear the birds sing in the park", the underlined part is ____.A. 表语B. 宾语补足语C. 间接宾语D. 直接宾语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。

句意：每天早上，我都听到鸟儿在公园里唱歌。

分析句子可知，画线的sing 是宾语补足语，解释说明宾语the birds.故选B项。

5."They painted the walls white." The underlined (画线的) part is ________.A. 表语B. 直接宾语C. 间接宾语D. 宾语补足语【答案】D【解析】本题考查句子成分。

句意：他们把墙涂成了白色。

分析句子结构可知，此处white用作宾语补足语，故选D项。

6.Tell him to get on the bus at once.A. 状语B. 宾语C. 定语D. 表语【答案】B【解析】本题考查句子成分。

3.这些孩子应该受到良好的照顾。（take care of） The children should be taken good care of.
3.宾语
表示动作的对象，跟主语的性质差不多，一般由 名词、宾格代词（me、her等），或者有相当于名 词的词、短语或句子充当（包括不定式、动名词、 和宾语从句）。
5. She said that she felt sick.
that she felt sick 宾语从句
6. They sent the injured to hospital.
the injured名词化的形容词 7. I find it impossible to believe her any longer. it宾格代词；to believe her any longer不定式 8. We consider it no good getting up late. it宾格代词； getting up late动名词短语 9. They believed it strange that he should have done that. it宾格代词；that he should have done that宾语从句
B.汉译英
1.穿红色衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。（in red） The girl in red is my sister. 2.及时做每一件事情是个好习惯。（to do） It is a good habit to do everything in time. 3.精通一门外语不容易。（master） It is not easy to master a foreign language.
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语，直接宾语为动作 的承受者，间接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做。

If you are free, come to eat with me by the sea.
Come to eat the fruit that is rare in our city with the girl who is so cute.
1. He attacked the man. 2. I was annoyed. 3. She came in. 4. Everything is nice.
• 1. To get a good view, he climbed to the top . 2. Arriving there, call me up. 3. Seen from space, the earth looks like a water globe. 4. I went home, hungry and tired. 5. The teacher came in, followed by students.
定语
• 用来修饰限定名词； • 分为：前置定语、后置定语
• 1. This is a red car. 2. Open your mouth. 3. The woman doctor is my wife. 4. I have something to tell you. 5. The changing problem is so difficult. 6. The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
rain.
Tip: 并列句是2个或2个以上的简单句用并列连 词or分号连接的句子。
复合句
1. When you cross a main road, you must be careful.
2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 3. It is reported that two companies exploded

划分句子成分练习一、划分句子成分1、鲁班‖是（我国古代）（春秋时期）（一位）（著名）的（建筑）工匠。

2（鲁班所处）的时代‖[距现在] [已经]好〈几千年了〉。

3、（那个时候））生产力‖[还十分]落后。

4、鲁班‖接受﹤了﹥(一项)(大)的(建筑工程)任务。

5、鲁班‖发现这种草叶的两边都长着锯齿状的刺。

6、鲁班‖[从中]得到启发。

7、鲁班‖[用锯齿状的竹片] [在一棵小树树干上] [来回]拉﹤了﹥﹤起来﹥。

8]，锯子‖[仍然]是(木匠们干活)的(主要)工具。

9、[后来]，鲁班‖[又陆续]发明﹤了﹥（木刨、钻、墨斗和曲尺等）（许多）（木匠）工具。

10、蔡伦‖出生﹤在一个贫苦的铁匠家里﹥。

11]，蔡伦‖[终于]发明﹤了﹥造纸术。

12、蔡伦‖[苦苦]地思考﹤改进）的方法。

13、[地球上] [几乎] [每时每刻] [都在]发生﹤着﹥地震。

（存现句、非主谓句）14、(全世界)的科学家们‖[都在] [努力]探索（地震灾害）的规律。

15、[当时]()灾害‖[十分]频繁。

16、[一天]，（的（那条龙嘴里）的铜球‖[忽然]落下。

17．我‖[从此] [就]看见（许多）（陌生）的先生。

18．藤野先生‖[总是]挟着（一叠）（大大小小）的书。

19．干事‖]写广告。

20．这位客人‖[直勾勾]地打量﹤着﹥（主人）的脸。

21．托尔斯泰‖透出（一股）才气。

22．(一个)（陌生）人‖[把我紧紧]地抱﹤在怀中﹥。

23．我‖[默默]地站﹤﹥。

24．科学技术‖是（人类本性精神）的（最高）成就。

25．这‖是（）(别开生面)的场面。

26（老年）人‖[格外]兴奋、活跃。

27．（白色）的丝线‖拧成（细细）的绳子。

28．（这些）节日‖包含﹤着﹥（丰富）的（民俗）习惯。

29．(派出所)的警察们‖[寸步不离]地守卫﹤在洞口周围﹥。

20．(一位)()的记者‖[一声不响]地解了(系在自己腰里)的(那条结实)的(粗)绳子。

21．[许多原子能发电场] [源源不断]地运来(许多)(铅做)的(大)箱子。

句子成分Exercises:指出下列句子中划线部分的成分。

1．We all study hard at English.A. 主语B. 谓语C. 宾语D.表语2．Betty likes her new bike very much.A. 主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语3．My brother is a policeman.A. 主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语4．Were you at home last night?A.定语B.状语C.宾补D.表语5．Winter is the coldest season of the year.A 定语 B.状语 C.宾补 D.表语6．He often walks in the park.A.定语B.状语C.宾语D.表语7．Mary asked me to help her yesterday.A.定语B.状语C.宾补D.表语8．He bought me a nice present last week.A.宾语B.直接宾语C.间接宾语D.宾补9．His parents are doctors.A.宾语B.表语C.谓语D.定语10．I’ll get you some tea now.A.宾语B.直接宾语C.间接宾语D.宾补11．My mother told us an interesting story last night.A.表语B.直接宾语C.间接宾语D.宾补12．He has read the book twice.A.主语B.谓语C.表语D.宾语13．They seemed unhappy when they heard the news.A.表语B.谓语C.宾语D.定语14．Do you have something to eat ?A.状语B.定语C.宾语D.宾补15．We made him our monitor.A.宾语B.定语C. 状语D.宾补基本句型练习指出下列句子的基本类型1．They are listening.2．My mother is fifty now.3．I have bought three books.4．My friend gave me a birthday present.5．I painted the wall white.6．The boss often makes the workers work twelve hours a day.7．They arrived at six o’clock.8．The map is on the wall9．Children often sing this song.10．Mr Wu teaches us English.11．She showed her friends all her pictures.12．I find him a lovely boy.请朗读以下句子，划分下列句子的成分，并指出他们分别属于简单句中的哪种。

五、基本句型的转换与扩大 1. 基本句型： 陈述句、肯定句、主动句 疑问句、否定句、被动句 e.g. My name is Li Hua. Everyone laughed. The children are sleeping. He asked a question. My friend gave me a book. Tom painted the wall creamy white.
二、句型结构 谓语 主语 Harry is the most handsome boy in our class. All the men have done their best. Mr. Carter will investigate further. Her paintings were judged inferior to Linda’s. Smoking causes trouble in the lungs. e.g. The boys and the girls are listening carefully. I opened the magazine and began to read it.
一、句子种类
1. 完全句和不完全句 完全句：至少有一个完整主谓结构的句子。 不完全句：省略句或独立使用并具有一定 交际功能的句子。 e.g. ----What’s your name? ----Li Hua. No smoking! Help!
2. 简单句、并列句、复杂句、并列复杂句
简单句：只包含一个主谓结构而且各个成分均由词 组构成的句子。
有些及物动词的宾语后需要 5.宾语补足语： 添加部分对宾语进行补充说 明，这一部分称为宾补。 e.g. I found the book very interesting. He made himself known to them first. She asked me to lend her a hand. I consider him as my best friend. We should keep it a secret. Please make yourself at home. 宾语补足语主要由名词、形容词、介词短语、 不定式、V-ing形式或V-ed形式等担任。

四、选择填空：
• ( )1. ____ will leave for Beijing. A. Now there the man B. The man here now C. The man who is here now D. The man is here now • ( ) 2. The weather ____. • A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold • C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold • ( ) 3. The apple tasted ____. • A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet • ( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning. • A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter • ( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70. • A. dead B. died C. dyed D. deaded • ( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest. • A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we

• 6. I’m sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night. • A. and B. but C. so D. because • 7. John has not yet passed the driving test, and ____. • A. Henry hasn’t too B. Henry also has not either • C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry • 8. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others enjoy swimming. • A. or B. for • C. while D. so • 9. ---- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home? • ---- I’d like to go out. • A. or B. and C. but D. so

英语句子成分练习题及答案一、主语和谓语1.下面句子的主语是什么：The cat is sleeping.答案：The cat2.下面句子的谓语是什么：They are playing basketball.答案：are playing二、宾语1.下面句子的直接宾语是什么：She bought some flowers.答案：some flowers2.下面句子的间接宾语是什么：He gave his sister a present.答案：his sister三、表语1.下面句子的表语是什么：The soup smells delicious.答案：delicious2.下面句子的表语是什么：She looked tired.答案：tired四、定语1.下面句子中的定语是什么：I need a red pen.答案：red2.下面句子中的定语是什么：The book on the table is mine.答案：on the table五、状语1.下面句子中的状语是什么：He ran quickly to catch the bus.答案：quickly2.下面句子中的状语是什么：She goes to school by bus every day.答案：by bus, every day六、补语1.下面句子中的补语是什么：They elected him president of the club.答案：president of the club2.下面句子中的补语是什么：I feel happy.答案：happy七、同位语1.下面句子中的同位语是什么：My goal, to become a doctor, is to helpothers.答案：to become a doctor2.下面句子中的同位语是什么：His dream, that he would travel theworld, finally came true.答案：that he would travel the world八、介词短语1.在下面句子中标注出所有的介词短语：He went to the park with hisfriends.答案：to the park, with his friends2.在下面句子中标注出所有的介词短语：She walked along the beachduring sunset.答案：along the beach, during sunset以上是英语句子成分练习题及答案。

第01练句子成分和根本句型句子成分和根本句型的概念:1. 句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。

(1) 主语：名词、代词主格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等如：I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。

(2) 谓语：动词，一般位于主语之后如：He put the book on the table.他把书放在桌上。

(3) 宾语：名词、代词宾格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等如：I lost my school ID card. 我丢了校内卡。

〔4〕表语：在连系动词之后的形容词、名词、代词、动词不定式、介词短语等如：My keys are in my schoolbag. 我的钥匙在书包里。

〔5〕定语：形容词、代词、数词、名词、动名词不定式、介词短语等如：The white model plane is hers. 白色的飞机模型是她的。

〔6〕状语：副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和分词短语等如：Sports star eats well. 运动明星吃得很好。

〔7〕宾语补足语：形容词、名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、分词等如：The loud music makes me nervous.吵闹的音乐使我很紧急。

〔8〕同位语：名词、数词、代词或从句如：Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。

〔9〕连系动词的种类：① be动词类：am，is，are，was，were① 表示变化类：bee，get，turn① 感官动词类：look，sound，smell，taste，feel① 表示连续性的动词：remain，stay，keep2. 简洁句的五种根本句型英语句子依据结构来分，可以分为简洁句，并列句和复合句。

简洁句是含有一个主语〔或并列主语〕和一个谓语〔或并列谓语〕的句子。

简洁句有五种根本句型。

英语句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。