Q12译文附件

2022高中英语必修二的课文及翻译英语必修二的课文及翻译FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS从问题重重到迎刃而解Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.社会进步需要经济发展。

新旧更替的时代已经带来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。

在发展与文化遗址保护之间寻找恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。

Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal led to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案。

高一必修二Unit1-3课本workbook句子翻译M2Unit1-3课本workbook 翻译句子Unit1：P891.在我们还没来得及认真考虑之前，请不要排除这一建议。

（dismiss)Let’s not dismiss the suggestion before we’ve even thought about it carefully.2.我记得在看完头两页之后就把书收起来了，可是现在书不见了。

（go missing)I remember I put the book away after reading the first two pages, but now it has gone missing.3.警方调查了这次事故，认为事故大约发生在午夜时分。

（look into, occur)The police looked into the accident and believed it occurred around midnight.4.由于天气恶劣，机场被关闭了。

（because of/due to)The airport was closed because of / due to the bad weather.5.邻居们报告说看到他身穿一件黑色大衣离开了房子。

（report doing, see...do)The neighbours reported seeing him leave the house in a black coat.6.据说这种植物能在非常寒冷的天气里存活下来。

（be said to, survive)This kind of plant is said to be able to survive in very cold weather.7.虽然玛丽什么也没说，但约翰认为这件事肯定和她有关。

（assume, be linked to) Although Mary did not say anything, John assumed that she was linked to the incident.8.一个孩子能在互联网上创建一家玩具公司，这有可能吗？（possibility)Is there any possibility that a child can start a toy company on the Internet?Unit2: P971.你最好在旅行的时候带张地图，这样你就不会迷路了。

unit 1课文翻译passage I 你真的被邀请了吗？如果有人问你什么时间是否有空并邀请你参加某一活动，在你尚未弄清楚邀请的具体内容之前，你没有必要答应一定参加。

比如说，如果你说有空，而邀请参加的却是你不愿意做的事（到你已经去过10次的当地景点旅游），那么你就可以回绝邀请，或者以后再编个借口。

如果遇到这种情况，就告诉邀请你的人你得看看安排，等以后再回复他们。

如果的确需要回绝邀请，多数邀请人需要得到解释。

恰当的做法如下;先道歉，再说明回绝的理由，最后对邀请表示感谢。

当有人请你到家里做客时，谁是客人、谁是主人非常清楚，但是邀请你去餐厅吃饭，喝咖啡或其它饮料时，有时就会出现问题，这方面的习俗在美国的不同地区是不同的。

在许多情况下，一般认为应由邀请人付账单，但是有时各付各的帐。

在非正式的场合朋友之间经常如此，比如“咱们去喝杯啤酒吧，”或“想喝杯咖啡吗？”然而，在这个国家的许多地方，有些人喜欢去餐馆吃饭，而不是在家里请客吃饭。

这种情况，一般由主人付账，而客人可以主动提出付小费，尽管这可能被主人谢绝。

（如果遇到这种情况，就顺其自然。

) 如果邀请是随意发出的，比如“咱们去（餐馆的名字）吃饭吧，”这样说更像是建议，而不是邀请，这样你就应该准备付你自己的那部分账单。

如果你想请某人去餐馆吃饭，一定要表达清楚：“我要请你去..." 。

美国人也要表达清楚，不过它们时常以为你了解当地的这方面的风俗习惯。

如果你心里没数，就问问朋友。

还有一些话听起来像邀请，但实际上并不是。

人们可能会说：“我们什么时候得聚一聚”或“你什么时候到我家来坐坐。

”你可以透过这些话的含糊其辞来断定这不是邀请—没有提到具体的时间，而且经常使用“什么时候”这个词，这些经常是告别时的客套话。

在这种情况下，你可以回答：“是的，那太好了”，或“我很愿意”，或类似的话。

然后就把这件事阁下。

如果他们不打电话给你，你随时可以邀请他们。

unit2课文参考译文A篇网络的持续发展在仅仅5年的时间里，全球范围网（万维网）已经成为一种新媒体，使人们能够从小到房间内大到全球范围分享信息、处理业务并相互交流。

英语函电翻译英语N092班李想200945639223第二单元1、商业邀请函敬启者：我们从香港的中国银行获悉贵公司地址，特此写信来表达我们希望与贵公司建立贸易关系的殷切之情，我们之前从未有过合作，为了促进我们的合作关系的又好发展，我们诚挚邀请贵公司的首席执行官在今年年底访华。

在他到来之时，我们很希望与其商讨纺织器械出口至你国的可能性。

如若你方有我方感兴趣的任何种类纺织制品，我们同样乐意与你方商讨。

既然这样，请赐予我方你方出口货物的清单，我们可以研究该类商品在我方市场出售的可能性。

期待你方尽早回复。

谨上。

2广交会邀请函尊敬的史密斯先生：首先，请允许我们对您在2005年12月份我们拜访贵国期间对我们的热情招待表示感谢，我们坚信，在我们短暂的逗留中，我们已经实现了一笔伟大的交易。

2006年下一季的中国出口商品交易会很快会在广州举行，我们热切期望您能参加。

我们的代表性商品将会在那里逐一展示。

这将会促进我们的贸易关系。

若您确定此次访问，我们将会向广交会组委会申请向您发送正式邀请，这也使得您能获得入场签证。

期待能在广交会上与您的代表团见面。

谨上。

3、邀请英国代表团尊敬的布兰登先生：很高兴能收到你方在2月22日的来函，我方从中获悉您想要带领一个外贸代表团来参观北京和上海并商讨建立合资企业的可能性。

很荣幸能接待你方代表团，我们会与你方行程中期待安排与之合作的所有组织尽我们最大的努力使你方在访问期间成功与快乐双赢。

我方已经通知预期的中国合作伙伴你方意图，我们全体欢迎你方代表团来访问北京、上海并商讨合作事宜。

因为这是您们第一次访华，毫无疑问您们会想要参观一些名胜古迹。

由于要讨论合资企业事宜，我们会安排您参观一些公司，以至于在细节谈判之前您能亲自了解我们的产品。

行程目录确定之时，请您通知我们您的访问时间，我们会前来接机。

我们会为您建议行程并且会在这个时间的基础之上为您安排必要路线。

期待您的来访。

谨上。

4、访问路线制定尊敬的布兰登先生：我们于今天上午接收到您的电邮。

第一单元经济学Text A感谢“看不见的手”杰夫·雅各比英国清教徒建立普利茅斯殖民地后经历了他们的第一次大丰收，从那以后，感恩全能的上帝就一直是感恩节的主题……今天，全美数百万的家庭，都在感激上帝所赠与的众多礼物——桌上的盛宴、所爱之人的陪伴、过去一年的健康和好运、战争时期国内的和平、作为一个美国人或成为一个美国人所拥有的不可估量的优越感。

但我们中的大多数人不太可能感恩当地超市在本周出售了很多降价火鸡。

即使是虔诚的信徒们，也不太可能感恩那些让他们所爱之人得以回家共度佳节的航班时刻表，或者是感恩当地的影院在周末及时上映了《怒海争锋：极地远征》，又或者是感恩报纸的食物版块刊登了美味的蔓越莓苹果派的食谱。

或多或少我们都会觉得这些事情是理所当然的。

百货商店会在感恩节前储备火鸡，或者好莱坞在长假期时及时上映大片这些都不需要用奇迹来解释。

这一切都是自然而言的。

可上帝在其中扮演了什么角色呢？然而在你因无数陌生人奉献了技能和劳动而得以度过的感恩节周末里，难道就没有什么事让你感到奇妙——甚至几乎无法解释吗？例如，把火鸡端到餐桌上，需要成千上万人的努力——当然，有养鸟的禽类农场主，也有给它们提供营养的饲料批发商和把它们带到农场的卡车司机，更不用说还有设计孵化场的建筑师，建造它的工人，以及维持它运行的技术人员。

这只火鸡不得不经历宰杀、拔毛、检查、运输、卸载、包装、定价和展示。

完成这些任务的人又依次由完成其他任务的人配合支持——从提炼货车燃料汽油到制造包装肉类的塑料。

这些遍布各行各业的男男女女在过去的几个月里精准设计和安排时间，以便当你去买新鲜的感恩节火鸡时，就会买到一只或者多只——甚至还有几十只在等着你选购。

实现这一过程所需的合作水平之高令人难以置信。

但更令人难以置信的是：这整个过程都没有一个人去统筹协调。

并没有什么火鸡独裁者坐在某个指挥所，商议总体规划并发号施令。

没有人会监督那些人，迫使他们为你的利益而合作。

高级商务英语阅读课文译文第1 课主课文译文新长征“中国制造”这个标记很久以前就不新鲜了，它贴在鞋子上、玩具上、服装上，以及为跨国公司制造的其他商品上，世界各地到处可见。

现在真正新鲜的是以中国品牌出售的中国制造的商品。

目前中国只有为数不多的几家公司拥有足够的财力和管理知识来打造国际名牌；其余的绝大多数公司还在为在国内获得知名度而努力奋斗着。

但是正在海外市场上试水的各大先锋公司，很有可能把事情做大。

一些人认为，在创业精神饱满的本地管理层的协助下，或者在一些想在其产品系列里添加新产品的外国公司的协助下，中国商品在极具竞争力的价格的基础上，若把卖点放在产品质量和异国情调上，那末10 年之内，中国品牌将一个一个地走向全球。

总部在香港的广告公司中国精信（Grey China）的执行董事陈一木丹（Viveca Chan）说：“如果世界上只有一个国家具备创立全球品牌的潜力，那么这个国家就是中国。

”短期之内，中国商品最有希望打入国际市场的当属中草药和特色食品，当然也包括那些体现中国浪漫并具有异国情调的产品，例如化妆品、时装和音乐作品。

中国总部设在上海的泰勒·娜尔森·索福瑞（Taylor Nelson Sofres）市场调研公司的中国区总经理Kevin Tan 说：“与中国相联系的神秘色彩还有许多。

化妆品是种靠形象推销的产品，假如你要做化妆品，你会一下子就发现，中国化妆品来头不小。

”努力走向世界的中国品牌还有一些领导时尚潮头的饮料和啤酒品牌，也包括家用电器等具有品牌潜力的产品，它们都能以竞争性的价格提供高品质的产品。

这些中国品牌中的一部分，最终将会通过合资、兼并和收购的途径走向国际市场。

而对于合资双方中的外国投资者来说，这些品牌则将成为他们更快地进入中国消费市场和销售渠道的载体，同时这些中国品牌也能进一步充实国外投资者在国际市场上已经确立的优质品牌的阵营。

整个20 世纪90 年代，“中国品牌”这个概念一直在发育着，而目前在国内受到的重视更大了。

二笔周练十二参考译文选自英语世界calls for action to revive the country's falling fertility rate. For years, South Korea has struggled with a growing demographic crisis. The country9s fertility rate has repeatedly hit record lows, and ranks near the bottom of the lowest fertility rates in the world. Meanwhile, South Korea's population continues to age, sending the country into a demographic decline. Other countries with low fertility rates have also seen their demographic difficulties deepen during the pandemic. Japan, which has struggled for years with low birth rates and an aging population, saw the number of reported pregnancies and marriages fall in the first half of 2020.韩国2020年记录的死亡人数有史以来第一次超过了出生人数，这促使人们呼吁出台措施提高不断降低的生育率。

多年来,韩国一直在和日益严重的人口危机作斗争。

该国的生育率屡创历史新低，几乎在全球垫底。

与此同时，韩国的人口继续老化，导致人口减少。

在其他生育率低的国家，人口难题也在疫情期间进一步加剧。

外贸函电》译文Lesson 2Enquiries例1:询问按样生产问题敬启者：贵公司是否能按照我们的要求丝网印刷运动衫(T-恤衫)？目前，我们正扩展自己的业务，想增加收藏版产品的生产。

我们正在寻找能够按照我们要求的标准和设计进行生产的生产商。

由于所生产的运动衫是为了满足收藏，补缺市场的需求，质量方面要求非常严格。

虽然，每一种设计图案所生产的运动衫的数目可能不是很大，但是我们愿意出高于普通运动衫的价格。

同时，各种设计图案的知识产权属于我方所有，贵公司在未经我们的同意，是不允许生产复制品或者将图案卖给第三方的。

为了确保收藏价值，任何有工艺缺陷的产品需要被销毁。

我们严禁这些产品在其它任何市场，包括贵公司所在国的国内市场上出售。

如果贵公司对这项合作感兴趣的话，请报最低离岸价，并说明最早的交货周期。

如果贵方价格具有竞争力，并且交货时间可以接受，我方打算与贵方大量货。

盼早日接到贵公司的答复。

例2：寻求供货敬启者：我们接受所有器具生产商和五金器皿供应商的报价。

但我们只需要整箱数量，请提供以下信息：·完整的生产线和详细的介绍·20英尺集装箱的价格，每一种集装箱可以有2到4个模型·交货和运输的时间·质量保证方针·付款条件请务必保证所提供的模型是按照美国能量的衡量标准所生产的。

盼早日接到贵公司的答复。

安德鲁·斯蒂文Exercises一，单项选择题1.如果你没有意见的话，我们将用102号型号的代替101型号的。

2.请告知我们市场的发展态势。

3.我们想更多的了解贵公司在南亚商品交易会上宣传的商品。

4.我们已经收到您10月12号的询函。

5.我们已经收到您10月15号的询函，其中你提到了我们的开司米绒非常感兴趣。

6.我们已收到你9月12号的信函，很高兴得知您对我们的加热器感兴趣。

7.我们将很高兴给您提供更多关于我们机床的信息。

8.如果您能提供给我们关于您现有的出口商品的细节的话，我们将不胜感激。

2016年6月 六级 第2套 范文，原文，解析，译文Part I Writing Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning. Try toimagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.With the advent of E-era, electronic industry promptly covers almost every aspect of life, profoundly changing the pattern of nearly everything. E-learning is one among them, and is gaining increasing popularity.E-learning, as a perfect complement to traditional forms of education, serves as a very useful learning tool for students. Before e-learning, students had no other choice but to attend school. But if they could not go to school due to some certain reasons, such as illnesses, or tight schedule, they would regretfully miss their classes. However, with the aid of e-learning, students will not miss any class. What is more, they can even study online courses provided by teachers who are far away, thus making high-quality educational resources accessible. Admittedly, e-learning, as an additional educational tool, should not replace traditional education, for, apart from education itself, students also need to develop their social skills, which online courses cannot provide. Therefore, if students choose to solely rely on online study instead of attending school, it can’t be a wise choice to make.It is obvious that e-learning, with its merits, will make a good complement to traditional education. Part Ⅱ Listening Section AConversation OneM: So how long have you been a Market Research Consultant?W: Well, I started straight after finishing university.M: Did you study market research?W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it's more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you're interested in.M: So what are you interested in?W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects. M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs?W: It's basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers' habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short.M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc?W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety.M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client?W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation.M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job?W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don't like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What position does the woman hold in the company?Q2: What does the woman specialize in at the moment?Q3: What does the woman say about trackers?Q4: What does the woman dislike about her job?Conversation TwoW: Hello, I'm here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada?M: Yeah, that's right.W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain?M: Well, we don't have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it's a government operated institution, things don't move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he's a worker for the government. So I don't think it's very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don't have to pay for your education. But the system isn't efficient, and it does not work that well.W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don't act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they're that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it's kind of a problem actually.M: I agree with you. I think it's a problem because you're not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best.W: Right. It's the exact opposite in the United States.M: So, as you see, it's very hard to say which one is better.W: Right, a good point.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5: What does the woman want Frederick to talk about?Q6: What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities?Q7: On what point do the speakers agree?Q8: What point does the man make at the end of the conversation?Section BPassage oneA recent international labor organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extend of economic recovery, especially if government’s rescue packages are phased out too early. The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of economic rebound. Patrick Basler, an international labor’s organization’s specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment.The quite dramatic unemployment figures which we now see in some of the countries strongly suggest that there would be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people would be unemployed. More people would be looking for jobs. And the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So we expect that the second part of the year will not be very good in terms of wage growth.The report finds more than a quarter of the country’s experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany. International Labor Organization economists say some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under thisscheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9: What is the international labor organization’s report mainly about?Q10: According to an international labor organization specialist, how would employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs?Q11: What does the speaker mean by the work-sharing scheme?Passage TwoIs there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work. You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about the supplements, is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t need a cure. What your memory needs is a good work-out. So really those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn't there behind most of them. They're not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. You don't really know that what they say is in there, isn't there. What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition. People don't just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements. In fact, they are prescribed and they're given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who's been trained. And that's not really the way they're used in this country. The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they do have an impact. A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise being countering or be at risk for.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q12. What question is frequently put to the speaker?Q13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements?Q14. What do we learn about memory supplements in eastern cultures?Q15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end?Recording 1The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive power of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands.A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than two million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses. U.N. weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news.Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they need not be disasters.Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires.He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them."Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it’s pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them. From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ”The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action.It says tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only seven people were killed.Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500.Q16. What is the talk mainly about?Q17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into events?Q18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show?Recording 2As U.S. banks recovered with the help of the American government and the American taxpayers, president Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wider recovery,” he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.” Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans.Although he says the worst is just over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due."So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium-sized businesses in the next year or so."Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bancorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently.“We're probably more optimistic than the experts might be. With that in mind, we're putting everything we can, lending is the coal to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risk."While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes twice.“You know, forecasting's become a very hazardous business so I don't want to commit myself too much. I don't think we know exactly what's going to happen but it's certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.”If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus -- something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary.Q19. What dose president Obama hope the banks will do?Q20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future?Q21. What does U.S. Bancorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation?Q22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy?Recording 3A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults.Still there are good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age. Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategies.Researchers at Duke University scrutinized more than 160 published studies and found an absence of strong evidence that any of these approaches can make a big difference.Co-author James Burke helped design the study.In the observational studies we found that some of the B vitamins were beneficial. Exercise, diet, cognitive stimulation show some positive effects, although the evidence was not so strong that we could actually consider these firmly established.Some previous studies have suggested that challenging your brain with mentally stimulating activities might help. And Burke said that actually does seem to help, based on randomized studies - the researcher's gold standard.Cognitive stimulation is one of the areas where we did find some benefit. The exact type of stimulation that an individual uses is not as important as being intellectually engaged.The expert review also found insufficient evidence to recommend any drugs or dietary supplements that could prevent or slow cognitive decline.However, given that there is at least some evidence for positive effects from some of these lifestyle changes, plus other benefits apparently unrelated to cognitive decline, Burke was willing to offer some recommendations.I think that by having people adopt a healthy lifestyle, both from a medical standpoint as well as nutritional and cognitive stimulation standpoint, we can reduce the incidence of cognitive decline, which will be proof that these factors are, in fact, important.James Burke of Duke University is one of the authors of a study reviewing previous research on cognitive decline. The paper is published online by the Annals of Internal Medicine.Q23. According to the speaker, what might be a symptom of cognitive decline in older adult?Q24. According to James Burke, what does seem to help reduce cognitive decline?Q25. What did James Burke recommend to reduce the incidence of cognitive decline? Part Ⅲ Reading 选词填空26题解析：N) strapping。

青少版新概念2A 课文文本 Unit 1-15Unit 1: Linda comes to London 琳达来到伦敦LINDA: Hi, Karen! Where are you?KAREN: I'm in the coffee bar next to the Arrivals exit、 I'm waiting for you, and I'm having a cup ofcoffee、KAREN: Where are you, and what are you doing?LINDA: I'm in the Baggage Hall、 I'm waiting for my suitcase、LINDA: Ah, I can see it! It's coming round now! There it is!LINDA: Oh, Karen! Is Paul with you?KAREN: Yes, of course he is、 He's standing here beside me、 I'm giving him my phone now、KAREN: Here you are, Paul! Talk to your mother!PAUL: Hello, Mum!LINDA: Hello, Paul! I've got my suitcase, and I'm coming out now!琳达：嗨，卡伦！您在哪儿？卡伦：我在进港出口旁得咖啡馆。

我正在一边等您一边喝咖啡。

卡伦：您在哪儿？在做什么？琳达：我在行李领取厅，在等我得皮箱。

琳达：啊，我瞧到箱子了！马上就转过来了！到了！琳达：哦，卡伦！保罗与您在一起吗？卡伦：当然在。

她就站在我身旁。

我现在把电话给她。

卡伦：给，保罗！与您妈妈说说话！保罗：您好，妈妈！琳达：您好，保罗！我拿到皮箱了，马上就出来！Unit 2：Good luck on Sunday! 祝您周日好运！REPORTER: My name's Tom French、 I'm speaking to you from the ExCel Centre in London'sDocklands、 We are visiting this year's Marathon Expo、REPORTER: This is the Trade Fair of the London Marathon、It's very noisy!There are hundreds ofexhibitors and thousands of visitors here、REPORTER: This is a big international event、 But it's like a village!People are talking and laughinglike old friends、REPORTER: I'm standing with one of the competitors、Let me introduce Paul Bruce、Hi, Paul!PAUL: Hi, Tom!REPORTER: Paul, please tell our listeners、 This is your first Marathon, isn't it?PAUL: Yes, it is、REPORTER: Are you looking forward to Sunday?PAUL: Yes, I am、REPORTER: That's the spirit, Paul!Good luck on Sunday!记者：我就是汤姆·弗兰奇。

§ Lesson— 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见, 一路顺风Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We will meet him at the harbour early in the morning. He will be in his small boat, Topsail.Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock so we shall have plenty of time. We shall see his boat and then we shall say goodbye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.一、生词和短语1、luck n. 运气, 幸运good lucklucky dog 幸运儿bless you 保重lucky day 幸运日: It’s my lucky day.今天我真幸运unluckyluckily adv.2、captain n. 船长American captain___________ captain Jack___________3、sail v. 航行Sailing is my hobby. Going sailing is my hobby.4、harbourn. 港口port___________ airport___________5、proud adj. 自豪be proud of : 以...为自豪Parents are proud of their children.pride n. take pride in 以... 为自豪6、important adj. 重要的Be important to 对…重要的Learning English well _________________ ________ . 学习好英语对我们很重要。

M1U2双向翻译出题人：盛争娟Reading (P22) A篇Mom and Dad arrive back from vocation a day earlier than expected, because 1.Mom can’t wait to surprise the boys. Suddenly the door opens and a soccer ball flies through the room.2.Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly. Mom finds the money for dog food is gone, but Spot looks like he is starving, so she asks him3.怎么处理他们留给他的现金的。

4. Mom and Dad say that they can’t tolerate such behaviour . Daniel thinks that5.他们没有给他为自己辩解的机会. Later, Eric tells his parents they have used the money to take the dog to the clinic.(1) ___________________________________________________________________(2) ___________________________________________________________________(3) ___________________________________________________________________(4) ___________________________________________________________________(5) ___________________________________________________________________Part E(P25) B 篇Mom and Dad realized there was probably a good explanation for everything, 1.but they think Daniel was not supposed to act that way. Daniel was angry because he thought why his mother asked what had happened. 2.她认为他应该负责任, but the house was in a mess and 3.it looked like he spent all of the cash on pizza instead of dog food. She thought 4.Daniel shouldn’t have anything to say to defend himself. Daniel said that they used the money to take Spot to the clinic and they stayed there and waited all day. 5.这就是为什么他们没有时间去打扫房间. Mom told him next time they were on vacation, if Daniel have emergency like that he should call them.(1) ___________________________________________________________________(2) ___________________________________________________________________(3) ___________________________________________________________________(4) ___________________________________________________________________(5) ___________________________________________________________________Project (P38) C 篇（1）It is common for teenagers to feel lonely and misunderstood. These feelings can be though of as growing pains—the difficulties that teenagers face as they grow to adults. As teenagers grow, (2)it is normal for them to become confused with the changing world both inside and outside of them. (3)青春期期间，青少年经历极大的身体上的变化Along with these physical changes, there come many psychological changes. (4)Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard. In the social world, (5)随着青少年长大，他们努力争取靠自己。

《基因的显性与隐性》教学设计教学思路顺利完成本节教学，需要学生充分掌握前两节《基因控制性状》、《基因在亲子代间的传递》的内容，并且在本节课中灵活运用。

同时这节课的学习也是《人类性别遗传》的基础。

这一节教学的主要内容是孟德尔遗传学定律。

先用单眼皮和双眼皮这对相对性状的遗传现象提问，引出孟德尔遗传学定律。

再从孟德尔豌豆杂交试验过程指导学生分析实验现象并得出结论，理解显性性状、隐性性状、显性基因、隐性基因的概念。

在课程中穿插一个小试验，帮助学生理解杂种子二代会出现三种不同的基因组成。

最后回到课前提出的问题，学习利用所学知识解释常见的生物学现象。

孟德尔遗传学定律讲究灵活运用，因此在课程结束时设计了两道“课后继续探究”，以便学有余力的学生继续深入研究。

教学目标知识目标1.认识孟德尔，了解豌豆杂交试验。

理解孟德尔遗传学定律，显性基因、隐性基因、显性性状、隐性性状的概念2.运用孟德尔遗传学定律探究生物相对性状与基因的关系3.说明近亲结婚的危害能力目标1.运用科学方法解释生命科学的有关问题的能力2.尝试借鉴运用数学方法探究生物学问题情感目标认识生命的科学本质，培养学生知识迁移、运用多学科知识解决问题的习惯。

教学重点1.孟德尔豌豆杂交试验2.孟德尔遗传学定律3.运用孟德尔遗传学定律探究生物相对性状与基因的关系教学难点1.孟德尔豌豆杂交试验2.由孟德尔豌豆杂交实验推导出孟德尔遗传学定律教学方法讲述法、推导和实验综合使用教学过程一引言子代获取了父母遗传下来的基因，但子代的性状和父母并不完全一样，有些些地方像父亲，有些地方却又和母亲相似。

例如上节课布置的作业：观察并统计父母和自己以及兄弟姐妹的眼皮性状。

很多同学发现了父亲是双眼皮、母亲是单眼皮(或者反过来)，不同家庭的孩子中既有单眼皮也有双眼皮。

这种现象产生的原因需要用孟德尔遗传学定律来解释。

二孟德尔遗传学定律1 孟德尔个人介绍提出问题①孟德尔选用什么植物作为实验对象？纯种豌豆②研究了哪些相对性状？豌豆的茎杆高度，高豌豆和矮豌豆学生作答①孟德尔选用纯种豌豆作为实验对象②实验研究了豌豆的茎杆高度这个性状，有高豌豆和矮豌豆这对相对性状2 孟德尔豌豆杂交实验和遗传学定律(1)学生自行阅读教材图片，在下图中填写从亲代到子二代的性状亲本父本母本子一代子二代杂交自交P ♂♀F1 F2 ╳○╳(2)由上图可以得出结论Ⅰ：生物的一对相对性状分为两类，纯种杂交子一代表现出的性状叫显性性状，没有表现出的性状叫隐性性状(3)孟德尔做了一个猜想：生物的显性性状由显性基因控制，用大写字母表示(如上述实验中的高茎，表示为D)；隐性性状由隐性基因控制，用小写字母表示(如上述实验中的矮茎，表示为d)。

5-9课翻译题目一. 请将下列句子译成日语。

（45分）⑴那个是钢笔，还是铅笔？⑵这个是谁的钱包？那个是小李的。

⑶花瓶在电视机的上面。

⑷汽车的前面有弟弟和妹妹。

⑸桌子上有四张纸。

⑹昨天的电影非常有趣。

⑺这个相机如果小些的话就好了。

⑻小王不像小李那么忙。

⑼昨天很冷，但是今天暖和。

⑽我们学校的图书馆又大又漂亮。

⑾小王日语好，英语也好。

⑿每个月给父母大约打三次电话。

⒀你经常在哪里做预习和复习的？⒁你每天大约学习多长时间？⒂星期天，我教高中生学习数学。

日语9～10课练习一、写出下列单词的假名或当用汉字。

戻る＿＿＿＿洗濯＿＿＿＿注文＿＿＿＿卒業＿＿＿＿喫茶店＿＿＿＿おしえる＿＿＿＿ほうかご＿＿＿＿よしゅう＿＿＿＿ごろ＿＿＿＿かたりあう＿＿＿＿たのしい＿＿＿＿二、助词填空（每空限填一假名）。

1、この汽車は上海＿＿＿＿来ました。

2、郵便局＿＿スポーツ＿＿新聞＿＿買い＿＿行きます。

3、友達＿＿一緒に公園＿＿散歩します。

4、週＿＿インターネット＿＿三回＿＿＿＿＿＿ます。

5、弟はよく部屋＿＿音楽を聴きます。

6、日曜日、三人の高校生＿＿英語＿＿教えます。

7、このビールはおいしい＿＿＿＿、たくさん買いました。

8、その子供はいつも鉛筆＿＿黒板＿＿字を書きます。

三、完形填空。

1、今日は＿＿＿＿（暑い）、天気がいいです。

2、あなたはお茶が＿＿＿＿（飲む）たいですか。

3、明日、＿＿＿＿（遊ぶ）に＿＿＿＿（くる）ます。

4、あなたはよくどこで＿＿＿＿（勉強）ますか。

5、趙さんは何時に＿＿＿＿（起きる）ましたか。

四、阅读理解。

始めまして、私は陸華です。

中国の洛陽から来ました。

先月バスで来ました。

山田さんは私の日本人の友達です。

彼は私の大学の留学生です。

彼は先週飛行機で東京から西安へ来ました。

昨日は日曜日で、私は山田さんと一緒に高速バスで兵馬俑博物館に行きました。

午前十時にそこに着きました。

午後、四時半にタクシーで大学の寮に帰りました。

Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow. We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning. He will be in his small boat, Topsail. Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time. We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him. He will be away for two months. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic. New words and expressions 生词和短语luck n. 运气，幸运captain n. 船长sail v. 航行harbour n. 港口proud adj. 自豪important adj. 重要的参考译文我们的邻居查尔斯.艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯启航了。

明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。

他将乘坐他的“涛波赛”号小艇。

“涛波赛”号是艘有名的小艇，它已经多次横渡大西洋。

艾利森船长将于8点钟启航，因此我们有充裕的时间。

我们将参观他的船，然后和他告别。

他要离开两个月，我们真为他感到自豪，他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。