江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破1细节理解_事实细节题优选习题

【苏州市】2013高考英语阅读理解（2）及答案或解析（10月）阅读理解、专题训练(**)、细节理解(**)事实细节题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力，其常见的考查形式有：1．正误判断题：三正一误(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或三误一正(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)，常用的提问方式有：(1)Which of the following is true according to...?(2)Which of the following is false...?(3)Which of the following is mentioned except...?(4)Which of the following is not mentioned?2．确定年代与数量、事实细节比较、某事的原因和结果。

◆方法点拨1．跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。

实际上是有选择地阅读，找关键词。

用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。

2．略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。

即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。

此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。

3．精读：找到与问题相关的内容，仔细阅读，发现细微差别，准确作答。

◆活学活用阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务As the pace of life continues to increase，we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Once you are in the habit of rushing through life，being on the go from morning till night，it is hard to slow down.But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it.In fact，it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life.It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.Some people are not afraid of stress，and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities，others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress，in whatever form，we react both chemically and physically.In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death.The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme，but however little the stress，it involves the same response.It is when such a reaction lasts long，through continued exposure to stress，that health becomes endangered.Since we can't remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do_so even if we could)，we need to find ways to deal with it.Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最佳答案1．People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because________.A．they regard working as their greatest enjoymentB．they believe that work is superior to relaxationC．they are traveling fast all the timeD．they are becoming busier with their work than ever before2．According to the author，the most important character for a good manager is his ________.A．strong will to hold out stressB．knowing the art of relaxationC．high sense of responsibilityD．having control over performance3．Which of the following statements is TRUE，according to the passage?A．We can find quite a few ways to avoid stress.B．Stress is always harmful to people's health.C．It's easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.D．Different people can bear different amount of stress.4．In the last sentence of the passage，“do so” refersto___________________________________________________________________ _____.A．“expose ourselves to stress”B．“find ways to deal with stress”C．“remove stress from our lives”D．“establish links between diseases and stress”5．According to the author，the right attitude toward stress is ________.A．to avoid itB．to try to cope with itC．to regard it as a vital motivationD．to find some relaxation参考答案ⅠThe passage tells us that we can't avoid stress and a certain amount of stress gives purpose to life.So exposed to some stress，we should find ways to deal with it rather than to run away.(36 words)Ⅱ1．解析：推断题。

设题方式仍以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，符合考试大纲要求，细节理解题 的比重有所加大。总体来说，语篇的难易度呈现层次性，区分度较高，高分难得， 有利于高考选拔。
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【能力要求】
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【图解题型】
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阅读理解解题四步法 第一步：扫描题干，画关键定位词，区分题型和预测文章主要内容 第二步：通读全文，抓住中心 1.通读全文，抓两个重点： (1)段中心句。核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题。 (2)其他各段的段首和段尾句。其他部分略读，有重点地读。
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[典例4] (2019·江苏卷，阅读C) In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the
recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”.As a result，in the last twenty years or so，many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back.Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital，labour and goods, with poor results.

三、写作意图题(2019·天津，D)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question：why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before?We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark.I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can’t all get there.I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But，if we are willing to learn，the opportunities are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However，we can achieve meaning only if we have madea commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我)，whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.Many of us equate(视……等同于) “commitment”with such “caring”occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck，or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.51.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that .A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativityB.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goalC.misery inspires a man to fight against his fateD.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success答案B解析推理判断题。

一、细节理解——事实细节题(2021·江苏，A)语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。

文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。

56．What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A．A biography. B．A travel guide.C．A history book. D．A science fiction.答案 C解析细节理解题。

由倒数第二段中的“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the s tories...this book also gives...〞可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书，再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿越时间的迷人旅行(a fascinating journey through time)可判断这是一本历史书。

应选C项。

57．How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A．By giving details of its collection.B．By introducing some of its contents.C．By telling stories at the beginning.D．By comparing it with other books.答案 B解析推理判断题。

通读文章可知，作者提到了这本书的局部内容——罗马的建立，因特网的缔造，罗马皇帝及百年战争等。

应选B项。

一、题型解读事实细节题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类，活动安排类，书籍电影介绍类，演出信息类等。

设问方式以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。

二、解题技巧——题干定位，寻找信息题干定位法是做事实细节题最根本的也是最常用的方法。

事实细节题主要考察对某句话或某几句话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进展比拟和分析，便可以确定最正确答案。