中考英语重点单词和短语用法总结
◆1. cost / take / spend / pay 花费
花费时间做某事：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .
某人花钱买某物：sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .
※ spend和pay主语都是人，cost 主语是物.
※ spent还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ？
The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .
He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .
It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .
◆2.thanks for为…而感谢
⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party .
thanks to 多亏/由于
⑵______ your help .I got good grades .
◆3.感叹句:多么… what + 名词
how + 形容词/副词
⑴______ bad weather ！⑵______ hard he works ！
⑶______ fresh vegetables ！⑷______ cute a monkey it is ！
◆4.因为、由于：because（连词） +从句:（表示原因）
because of（介词短语） + 名词（短语）= thanks to
⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .
He was late for class ______ the bad weather .
He can’t come _____ he is ill .
Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .
※because和 so不能同时连用 .
◆5.来自:be from = come from
⑴ Where are you from ？ = Where ______ you ______ ______ ？
⑵ He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .
◆6.How often 对频率提问（多久一次）→回答用表示频率的副词或短语；How long 对一段时间提问（多久）→回答用表示一段时间的状语；How soon 对将来时间提问（多久）→回答用 in+时间段；How far 询问多长距离（多长）
⑴______ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years .
⑵______ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes.
⑶______ w ill your father come back ？ - In two years .
⑷_____ do you exercise ？ - Once a week .
⑸_____ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles .
⑹_____ are you staying there ？ - Two weeks .
◆7.乘交通工具：take a / the +交通工具在句中作谓语
by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语
交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…
⑴ He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .
⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .
※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride：ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride
a donkey in one’s car
◆8.对不起:Excuse me （劳驾，客套话）；Sorry （表示道歉）
⑴ ______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？
⑵Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - ______ . I’ll do it right away .
⑶Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .
⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ？
◆9.声音:sound （自然界各种声音）；noise（噪音）；voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）
⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ .
⑵That ______ like a good idea .
⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping .
◆10.look like （外貌看起来像…）；be like （性格像…）
⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy. Oh ， they are twins.
⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful.
◆11.take… to … 带去；bring…to …带来；fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）
⑴ Tony . ______ the ball here .Please .
⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .
⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow .
◆12. 一些： some 用于肯定句；any 用于否定句和疑问句
⑴ I’d like ______ milk .
⑵ Would you like ______ yogurt ？
Thanks . I don’t want ______ .
※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some .
◆13. 多少：How many修饰可数名词复数；How much 修饰不可数名词
⑴ ______ juice do you want ？⑵ ______ ap ples do you want ？
⑶ ______is the T-shirt ？–It’s 30 yuan .
※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ？
◆14. 看：see 强调看的结果；look （at）不及物动词，强调看的动作；watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影；read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志
⑴ Don’t______ in bed .
⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening .
⑶ Please ______ the blackboard . Everyone .
⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .
