2014年12月四级深度阅读真题详解

2014年12月四级真题答案详解(第2套)Part IWritingThe Most Impressive Course in My College Life写作指南本年度的作文文体比较自由，不再局限于议论文。

题目要求考生介绍自己“印象最深刻的一门课”，并阐述原因。

根据题目要求，文章的结构可安排如下：第一段：引出话题，指出大学的课程各有各的作用，但是“我”个人印象最深刻的一门课程是“文学鉴赏”。

第二段：具体描述该门课，注意重点介绍其特别之处，如老师独特的阅读及讨论要求。

第三段：简要说明自己学习该门课程后的收获，如锻炼了分析能力和批判思维能力。

范文与译文万能句型1．Among…．the one that has impressed me mostis………之中．令我印象最为深刻的是……2．Among…，the one that has left me the deepestimpression is………之中．令我印象最为深刻的是……3．Among…,…has been very impressive onme．……之中，……确实令我印象深刻。

1．I find…quite beneficial as well as impressive，because…我觉得……不仅令我印象深刻，同时还让我受益匪浅．因为……2…．is not only very beneficial but also impres-sive in that．．．．…．．不仅令人印象深刻，同时还让人受益匪浅，原因在于……3．I anl very much impressed by…while at thesame time benefit a lot from it．because…我对……印象深刻，并且从中受益匪浅，因为……写作模板In college，we(引出话题)．Some(某类事物lare meant to(发挥的作用)；others are de- signed to(发挥的另一种作用)．Among all those(相关事物)，the one that has impressed me most is(印象最深刻的事物)．(该事物)is unique in thatf概述该事物的独特之处)．(分点详述该事物的独特之处)．I find(该事物)quite beneficial as well as impressive，because it(阐述原因l)．Thanks to(该事物)，I am now(阐述原因2)．Part HListening ComprehensionSection A1. W: I ran into Sally the other day. I could hardly recognize her. Do you remember her fromhigh school?M: Yeah. She was a little out of shape back then. Well, has she lost a lot of weight? Q: What does the man remember of Sally?[C]【解析】男士说Sally当时体形有点不成样子，随后问“她是不是减肥了”，说明她当时体重超重，即C。

2014年12月英语四级长篇阅读答案（卷三万题库版）【长篇阅读】Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Ban sugary drinks that will add fuel to the obesity war[A] On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity(肥胖的)leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite a few people like him, including a couple of fatty children with swollen checks pressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic(流行病)of obesity.[B] But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple idea- far from new- that could spare millions of such people a lifetime ofchronic(长期的)ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service(NHS)at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as good- or as bad- as poison and should be avoided. It is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 years ago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing Us.[C] In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction(瘾), to hormonal upsets to the appetite, to metabolic(新陈代谢的)malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)and its many horrible complication.If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the “ fat man of Europe” . They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent peoplefrom consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.。

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage． Until recently,I had liale idea what palm oil(棕榈油)is and why some people consider it one of the most controversial ingredients found in nearly half of our supermarket products．But when I found out why people were upset，1 was moved to take action． The Southeast Asian country of Indonesia is the world’s biggest exporter of palm oil，which has been both a blessing and a curse．It's a massive industry,providing income for thousands of workers，but palm oilis also the largest driver of the mass destruction of Indonesia’s rain forests．The consequences of this destruction are significant：the loss of biodiversity,conflicts with communities who depend on the forest for their own livelihoods，and increasing emissions of greerthouse gases that cause climate change． Forests are home to countless species．There are as few as 400 Sumatran tigers left in Indonesia,and their time on earth is running out．Greenpeace has released research showing that the expansion of oil palm and pulpwood plantations was responsible for nearly two-thirds of the destruction of Sumatran tiger habitat from 2009 to 20 11．Sumatrantigers，forced to flee from the destruction of their homes,also find themselves in direct contact with humans．Many are killed or maimed as local residents try to protect themselves from the scared animals． The decline of Sumatlan tigers is a measure of the loss of rain forest，biodiversity and also climate stability．If the tigers disappear,then we are facing all environmentA. tragedy． If you eat chocolate，wash your hair or your clothes，there’s a good chance you are being made a part of this cycle of destruction．And not by choice．Palm oil can and must make a genuine contribution to Indonesia and its people．And part of the solution rests with global brands that make the products we consume daily．Palm oil that results from forest destruction is traded around the world．But together we can say enough is enough．It’s time big brands guarantee you and me that forest destruction is not a part of their products．We are all a part of the future，and together we can ensure these magnificent animals are．too．56．Why is the great export of palm oil both a blessing and a curse?A.Because every coin has two sides，without the exception of export of palm oil．B.Because it is both a stimulation of economy increase and climate warming．C.Because it both makes contribution to climate improvement and economy decline．D.Because it is both the driver of large income and huge destruction of forests．57．Which one is not included in the negative consequences of rain forests destruction?A.The dramatic decrease of biological diversity in rain forests．B.Huge profits benefit from the great exportation of palm oil．C.Frequent clashes with people who live on those rain forests．D. Increasing release of a great deal of greenhouse gases．58．What is responsible for the destruction of Sumatlan tiger habitat?A. People who killed or maimed those scared animals．B.People who cut down the rain forests in abundance．C.The extension of oil palm and pulpwood cultivation．D. The loss of lain forests owing to palm plantations．59．What advice does the author give to the productive process of global brands?A.Global brands should not be at cost of forest destruction．B.They should guarantee the protection of lain forests．C.They should pay attention to law materials of products．D、They should not demand anything from rain forests．60．What is the attitude of author to plentiful palm oil production?A.Critical．B.Positive．C.Partial．D.Negative． Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage Room for all，for now． But there are signs that the sharing site(住房分享站)is starting to threaten budget hotels．Even as they lobby regulators to crack down on residential sharing services，hoteliers play down the threat such companies pose to their industry．The top brass at the Four Seasons and Hilton chains have all said that these firms do not compete for their core market；a vice-president of The Ritz-Carlton group recently claimed she had not even heard of Airbnb．And Airbnb itself agrees，arguing that it does not displace existing lodging but is creating new demand．“I’m optimistic that there isn’t going to be a war”with hotels．Brian Chesky,its boss，said in January． A recent study seems to confirm that，for now at least，Airbnb is only nibbling at influence from Airbnb on business and luxury hotels．But in places where it has established a presence，it cut the revenues of budget hotels by 5％in the two years to December 2013． If Airbnb were to keep growing at its current rate，the Texas study suggests that by 20 1 6 the dent in budgethotels’takings will be 10％．Wim their high fixed costs，that could push many ofthem into the red．of course．Airbnb may hit me limits of either supply or demand before then，but smaller hotels are already blaming it for their woes．“I see a directcorrelation between our revenues going down and Airbnb’s going up，”says Vijay Dandapani，the president of Apple Core Hotels in New York．“We had continued growth until Airbnb．”The financing round that Airbnb has iust closed，valuing it at more than all but the four largest global hotel groups，suggests that investors agree． Concur,a travel-and expense-management firm．has seen its corporate clients’Airbnb bookings grow from a rounding error at the start of 2012 to more than lmillion so far this year．If Airbnb can integrate with online travel agencies such as Expedia and increase the share of its hosts that provide instant booking coniirmation．business hotels may find themselves with a surprisingly unignorable competitor．61．What is the reaction of other competitors to the appearance of Airbnb?A. They highlight the threat it poses to their industries．B.They never pay attention to this unworthy competitor．C.They did not obviously worry about the appearance of Airbnb．D.TheY are optimistic about their close cooperation in future．62．What does the Texas study show about the future ofAirbnb in Para．47A.Airbnb will never swallow the whole of hotel industry’s lunch．B. Airbnb may threaten the status of luxury and business hotels．C.Airbnb had cut a great deal of the revenues of budget hotels．D. Airbnb probably has a bright future among its competitors．63．What can we infer from the statements ofPara．57A. Airbnb will become a powerful competitor in the future market．B. Airbnb should be responsible for the woe of smA.ler hotels．C.Airbnb’s going up correlates with others’going down．D.Airbnb would capture 10％takings ofbudget hotels by 2016．64．What can Airbnb do to be a surprisingly unignorable competitor?A.Willingly collaborating with the four largest global hotel groups．B. Cooperating with online travel agencies and increasing the share of its hosts．C.Beating against all the potential rivals to gain its market shares．D.Expanding its online bookings by the help of online travel agencies．65．What’s the meaning of“Room for all．for now．”?A. Everyone will have a private room as soon as possible．B. The online travel agencies will offer us a room quickly．C.It is quite convenient for people to book rooms on sharing site．D. The information on sharing site is useful for us to book rooms．56．Why is the great export ofpalm oil both a blessing and a curse?为什么说棕榈油的出⼝既是福⾳⼜是诅咒?A.Because every coin has two sides，without the exception ofexport ofpalm oil．因为事物都具有两⾯性，棕榈油也不例外。

听力部分短对话1.B He has not cleared the apartment since his mother’s visit.2.C They might as well take the next bus.3.C She has to do extra work for a few days.4.A change her job.5.D He failed to do what he promised to do.6.B The woman does not like horror films.7.C The speakers share a common view on love.8.A Preparations for a forum.长对话9. B Scandinavia10. D More women will work outside the family11. D Spend more time changing women’s attitudes12. A In a restaurant13. C He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors14. B To get a good import agent15. D His determination短文第一篇16. What are scientists trying to explain according to the passage?答案：(A) How being an identical twin influences one’s identify.【点评】：细节题。

本篇文章开头即指出‘they(scientists) are trying to explain how being half of the biological pair influences a twin’s identity.’由此可知科学家一直试图想要解释双胞胎的身份人格是如何受到影响的。

2014年12⽉英语四级真题及答案解析2014年12⽉四级真题（第1套）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A． The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.B． He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother's visit.C． He does not remember when his mother canoe over.D． His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.2. A． The bus stop is only two minutes' walk.B． The nmning made him short of breath.C． They might as well take the next bus.D． The woman is late by a couple of minutes.3. A． She is suffering a pain in her neck.B． She is likely to replace Miss Smith.C． She has to do extra work for a few days.D． She is quite sick of working overtime.4. A． Change her job.B． Buy a dishwasher.C． Open a flower shop.D． Start her own business.5. A． He forgot where he had left the package.B． He slipped on his way to the post office.C． He wanted to deliver the package himself.D． He failed to do what he promised to do.6. A． The speakers do not agree with each other.B． The woman does not like horror films.C． The man pays for the tickets as a rule.D． The speakers happened" to meet in the cinema.7. A． The woman is just as unlucky as the man.B． The woman is more sensitive than the man.C． The speakers share a common view on love.D． The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.8. A． Preparations for a forum.B． Participants in the forum.C． Organizers of a forum.D． Expectations of the forum.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． France.B． Scandinavia.C． Russia.D． East Europe.10. A． More women will be promoted in the workplace.B． More women will overcome their inadequacies.C． More women will receive higher education.D． More women will work outside the family.11. A． Try hard to protect women's rights.B． Educate men to respect women more.C． Help women acquire more professional skills.D． Spend more time changing women's attitudes.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A． In a restaurant.B． In a hotel lobby.C． At the man's office.D． At the woman's place.13. A． He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.B． He has completed an overseas market survey.C． He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.D． He has just come back from a trip to Africa.14. A． To select the right model.B． To get a good import agent.C． To convince the board members.D． To cut down production costs.15. A． His flexibility.B． His vision.C． His intelligence.D． His determination.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hoar 3 short passages. At tho end of each passage, you will hoar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose tho best answer from tho four choices marked A．, B．, C．andD．. Then mark tho corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through tho centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Time Management". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.The Importance of Time ManagementTime management is an essential skill that everyone should possess. It is the process of planning and organizing how much time you spend on various activities to maximize productivity and efficiency. Effective time management can help you achieve your goals, reduce stress, and improve your overall quality of life.Firstly, time management helps you achieve your goals. By setting priorities and allocating time to each task, you can ensure that you are making progress towards your objectives. This can help you stay motivated and focused, and ultimately lead to greater success.Secondly, time management can reduce stress. When you have a lot of tasks to complete, it can be overwhelming and stressful. However, by breaking down your tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks, you can reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed and make progress towards your goals.Finally, effective time management can improve your overall quality of life. By managing your time effectively, you can create more time for the things that matter most to you, such as spending time with family and friends, pursuing hobbies, or simply relaxing.In conclusion, time management is a crucial skill that can help you achieve your goals, reduce stress, and improve your overall quality of life. By taking the time to plan and organize your activities, you can make the most of your time and achieve greater success.。

2014年英语四级阅读真题及答案解析（12月）2014年英语四级阅读真题及答案解析（12月）Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shor t essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.作文题一：印象最深的活动AA campus activity that has benefited most.作文题二：印象最深的课程A course that has impressed you most in college.作文题三:印象最深的同学A classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college．Part II ListeningSection ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Question 1A.The man is not good at balancing his budget.B.She will go purchase the gift herself.C.The gift should not be too expensive.D.They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party. Question 2A.He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.B.It takes patience to go through the statistics.C.He has prepared the statistics for the woman.D.The woman should take a course in statistics. Question 3A.Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.B.They cannot begin their recording right away.C.The woman does not take the recording seriously.D.The man wants to make some changes in the scripts. Question 4A.The date of Carl's wedding.B.The birthday of Carl's bride.C.A significant event in July.D.Preparation for a wedding.Question 5A.The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.B.The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C.The woman was annoyed at the man's excuse.D.The man was in charge of scheduling meetings. Question 6A.The woman is a marvelous cook.B.The woman has just bought an oven.C.The man has to leave in half an hour.D.The man cannot want for his meal.Question 7A.How she can best help the man.B.Where the man got the bad news.C.What items sell well in the store.D.Whether the man can keep his job.Question 8A.The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B.He works in the physical education department.C.The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D.He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9A.He teaches in a law school.B.He loves classical music.C.He is a diplomat.D.He is a wonderful lecturer.Question 10A.Went to see a play.B.Watched a soccer game.C.Took some photos.D.Attended a dance.Question 11A.She decided to get married in three years.B.He r mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.C.She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D.Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 12A.Editor.B.Teacher.C.JournalistD.Typist.Question 13A.The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B.A new railway under construction.C.Big changes in the Amazon valley.D.Some newly discovered scenic spot.Question 14A.In news weeklies.B.In newspapers' Sunday editions.C.In a local evening paper.D.In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.Question 15A.To be employed by a newspaper.B.To become a professional writer.C.To sell her articles to a news service.D.To get her life story published soon.Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16A.Nodding one's head.B.Waving one's hand.C.Holding up the forefinger.D.Turning the right thumb down.Question 17A.Looking away from them.B.Forming a circle with fingers.C.Bowing one's head them.D.Waving or pointing to them.Question 18A.Looking one's superior in the eye.B.Keeping one's arms folded while talking.C.Showing the sole of one's foot to a guest./doc/ab86422ad1f34693daef3eec.html ing a lot of gestures during a conversation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19A.They had to beg for foot after the harvest.B.They grew wheat and corn on a small farm.C.They shared a small flat with their relatives.D.The children walked to school on dirt roads.Question 20A.Tour Ecuador's Andes Mountains.B.Earn an annual income of $2800.C.Purchase a plot to build a home on.D.Send their children to school.Question 21A.The achievements of the Trickle Up Program.B.A new worldwide economic revolution.C.Different forms of assistance to the needy.D.The life of poor people in developing countries.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have justheard.Question 22A.They are highly sensitive to cold.B.They are vitally important to our life.C.They are a living part of our body.D.They are a chief source of our pain.Question 23A.It has to be removed in time by a dentist.B.It is a rare oral disease among old people.C.It contains many nerves and blood vessels.D.It is sticky and colorless film on the teeth.Question 24A.It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.B.It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.C.It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.D.It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.Question 25A.Food particles.B.Gum disease.C.Unhealthy living habits.D.Chemical crosion.Section CStunt people(替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies.They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must (26)______ enemies' jaws. Sword fightsmust be fought with(27)______ swords. Several actors are usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance.If a movie scene is dangerous, stun people usually(28)______the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is(29)______ his stunt double. Stunt people must(30)______ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film(31)______ the star.Some stunt people(32)______ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert(33)______.Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse's back. He(34)______ the famous trick of sliding under a moving stagecoach. Canuttalso(35)______ a new way to make a punch look real. He was the only stunt man ever to get an Oscar.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.For decades, Americans have taken for granted the XXXXdevelopment of new technologies. The innovations(创新)XXXX opment during World War II and afterwards were(36)_____ to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of(37)_____ society now depend, were possible because the United States then(38)_____ the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the(39)_____ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.The deeling in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines(science, technology, engineering, and math.)seems tobe(40)_____related to the comparatively weak performance by U.S. schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Manystudents entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remediat(补习的)math(41)_____, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science orengineering(42)_____complete a major in those fields.The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, (43)_____ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront(前言)of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the(44)_____ performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn(45)_____ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries than in the United States.A.acceleratingB.actuallyC.closelyD.contemporaryE.coursesF.criticalG.decliningH.degreesI.especiallyJ.futureK.ledL.metM.proceduresN.proportionsO.sphetesSection BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Ban sugary drinks that will add fuel to the obesity war[A] On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity(肥胖的)leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite a few people like him,including a couple of fatty children with swollen checkspressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic(流行病)of obesity.[B] But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple idea- far from new- that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic(长期的)ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service(NHS)at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as good- or as bad- as poison and should be avoided. It is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 years ago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing Us.[C] In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction(瘾), to hormonal upsets to the appetite, to metabolic(新陈代谢的)malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)and its many horrible complication. If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain i s the “ fat man of Europe” . They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.[D] It is not difficult to imagine the vested interests(既得利益集团)lined up against any sugar control- all the food and drink manufacturers, processors, promoters and retailers who make such easy pickings out of the magic powers of sugar. Then there are the liberals, with whom I would normally side, who protest that government regulation would be yet another instance of interference in our lives.[E]That is true, but people should realize that you cannot have a welfare state without a nanny state(保姆国家), to some degree. If we are all to be responsible for one another’s healt hinsurance, through socialized medicine, then we are all closely involved in one another’s health, including everyone’s eating and drinking. That has already been admitted, finally, with smoking. But it has yet to be admitted with overeating, even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.Quite apart from anything else, obesity will cripple the NHS.[F]Recently, though, there have been signs that the medical establishment is trying to sound the alarm. Last month the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges(AMRC)published a report saying that obesity is the greatest public health issue affecting the UK and urging government to do something.[G]The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start. The amounts of sugar in soft drinks are horrifying, and turn straight to fat. As Professor Terence Stephenson, head of the AMRC, has said, sugary soft drinks are “the ultimate bad food. You are just consuming neat sugar. Your body didn’t evolve to handle this kind of thing.”[H]Precisely. The risks of eating too much fat or salt(which are very different)pale into insignificant compared with the harm done by sugar. And it is everywhere.[I]It is difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain, unprepared meat, f ish or vegetables, that doesn’t have a large amount of sugar in it. This has come about because the prevailing scientific views of the 1960s and 1970s ignored the evidence about sugar, and instead saw fat as the really serious risk, both to the heart and other organs, as well as the cause of obesity.[J]The fashion was to avoid fat. But finding that food with much of its fat removed is not very appetizing, food producers turned to sugar as a magic alternative flavor enhancer, often in the forms of syrups(糖浆)that had recently been developed from corn, and put it generously into most prepared foods and soft drinks.[K]This stuff is not just fattening. It is addictive. It interferes with the body’s metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone. There’s plenty of evidence for this, for those who will accept the truth.[L]Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices” and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid. So the snacking, over-drinking and over eating that makes people fat is not really their own fault: obesity is in large part something that is being done to them. It should be stopped, or rather the government should stop it.[M]Going round my local supermarket, I am constantly astonished that it is still legal to sell all the poisons stacked high on the shelves. The problem is that they are worse than useless. They are poisonous. They are known to be addictive. They are known to make people obese. And giving small children sweet drinks or bottles of fake juice all day long is nothing less than child abuse.[N]Clearly, the sale of such stuff ought to be illegal. I hate to think of yet more government regulation. But a bit of tax on sweet soda and a little more health education, a bit of cooking in schools and banning vending machines(自动售货机)here and there —as suggested try the AMRC report —is not going to achieve very much. Labelling is quite inadequate. What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foodsand drinks.[O]In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS. However, nothing has happened yet. Why not have another Jammie Dodger biscuit and forget about it.46、Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people’s health aswell as save medical expenses.47、Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foodsor drinks.48、Giving small children sweet juices to drink all the time is equal tochild abuse.59、Looking around, the author found obesity quite widespread. 50、The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the nextfew decades.51、 If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foodsand drinks, they would support government measures against sugarconsumption.52、It would be a very good beginning wo improve an additional tax on sugarydrinks.53、The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.54、Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.55、Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannottell what food is sugary.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneThe rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwidenow have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internet’s tremendous impacts has only just begun.“Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global,” Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications of the Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if thebook has one major shortco ming, it’s that authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes —and more importantly predicts —how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the ide a that “technolog y is neutral, but people aren’t.” By using this concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy(对立观点)that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they’re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance(监视).56、In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?A.It transforms human history.B.It facilitates daily communication.C.It is adopted by all humanity.D.It revolutionizes people's thinking.57、How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet?A.They are immeasurable.B.They are worldwide.C.They are unpredictable.D.They are contaminating.58、In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?A.It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.B.It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.C.It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.D.It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.59、What will the future be like when everybody gets online?A.People will be living in two different realities.B.People will have equal access to information.C.Pe ople don’t have to travel to see the world.D.People don’t have to communicate face to face.60、What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?A.They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.B.They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.C.They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.D.They don’t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Interne t.Passage twoIn 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押贷款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of histake-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.Other members of the autoworker’s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Through-out much of the 1960s,more than a quarter of men and women and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.In most stales, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts(职位相当的人),white racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working–class families.Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no -fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percentof Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways toimaginary golden age.61、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security than they do today.B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D.They were better off than workers in other industries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A.They invariably long to return to the golden past.B.They do not depend so much on social welfare.C.They feel more secure economically than in the past.D.They are usually unwilling to live with their children.63、Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a whitc suburba n neighborhood ?A.They lacked the means of transportation.B.They were subjected to racial inequality.C.They were afraid to break the law.D.They were too poor to afford it.64、What is the result of no-fault divorce ?A.Divorce is easier to obtain.B.Domestic violence is lessened.C.It causes little pain to either side.D.It contributes to social unrest.65 、What does the author suggest society do?A.Get prepared to face any new challenges.B.Try to better the current social security.C.Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D.Improve the lives of families with problemsPart IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should writeyour answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。

2014年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a campus activity that has benefited you most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：The Most Beneficial Activity on Campus Every university offers numerous kinds of activities to enrich students’ extracurricular life. As one of the young college students, I have learnt a lot from all of these well-organized activities.But the one that has benefited me most is the debate competition I took part in last year. That was a debate competition between different majors and the topic was about theoretical knowledge versus practice.What matters most is not the result of the debate, but what I have learnt from it.That is, no individual could accomplish a challenging task all by herself or himself. Joint efforts are of great importance in winning any competition. It was really lucky for me to take part in the debate competition, from which I got the most precious gift for future: cherishing team spirit and joint efforts, which will help me sweep away every block falling in my way to success.解析：一、指出大学校园中最让“我”受益的活动(benefited me most)二、阐述该活动让“我”受益之处1.描述活动（a debate competition）2.活动所得(what I have learnt from it)三、升华主题，指出“我”从活动中得到了对未来而言最珍贵的礼物(the most precious gift for future)Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：W:Simon, could you return the tools I lent you for building the bookshelf last month? M:Oh, well, I hate to tell you this, but I can’t seem to find them. Q:What do we learn from the conversation?2．A．The man hates to lend his tools to other people.B．The man hasn’t finished working on the bookshelf.C．The tools have already been returned to the woman.D．The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.正确答案：D解析：女士问上个月她借给男士做书架用的工具是否可以归还；男士回答说他似乎找不到了，故答案为D。

2014年12月四级真题（第1套）第一套：Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history,comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internet's tremendous impact has only just begun."Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global,"Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book, The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications of the Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But ff the book has one major shortcoming, it's that the authors don't spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these sweeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes--and more importantly predicts--how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities,one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the idea that"technology is neutral, but people aren't." By using this concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy (对立观点) that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they're also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance (监视).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2014年12月英语四级真题答案及解析（长篇阅读）紧张的考试已经落下帷幕，为大家准备了2014年12月英语四级长篇阅读真题及答案，供大家参考!原文：Bike store owners put their spin on new bikeNew Yorkers, albeit many of them grudgingly, aregradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blazingblue Citi Bikes.But what about local bike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders attheir expense?At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as “Ben W.”said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to thebike-share program.“It’s getting more people on the road, more people learning aboutthe sport and getting involved,” he said.An employee at Danny’s Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a goodoption for people to ease into biking in a city famed for itsvehicular congestion and aggressive drivers.“They can try out a bike without committing to buying one,” JamesRyan said. “It makes a more comfortable biking environment in thecity because there are a lot more bikes, too.”Busi ness at Danny’s Cycles has increased as well since the adventof bike-share.“A lot of people come in for bike gear, and we’ve sold a lot ofhelmets,” he noted.Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikesor Danny’s Cycles. But for Frank’s Bike Shop, a small business thathas been at its current Lower East Side location on Grand St. since1976, the bike-share program has been bad news.Owner Frank Arroyosaid that his rental business has decreased by 90 percent since theCiti Bikes were rolled out last month.Arroyo’s main rental customers are European tourists, a demographicthat has since been drawn away by Citi Bikes. Initially, abike-share station was sited a few doors away from Frank’s BikeShop on the corner of Grand and Henry Sts. But a petition to relocate the bike station gatheredmore than 1,000 signatures. The Citi Bike dock was eventuallyremoved — but only temporarily, according to the Citi Bike Twitteraccount, for utility construction in the street.“I was grateful, and i t was quite an honor to see how many peopleresponded on my behalf,” Arroyo said of the petition effort. “Itwas really nice to see that people care. But they have flooded theplace with them,” he said of the Department of Transportation,which installs the bike racks.Removing one station does little since the area is overloaded withCiti Bike stations, said Arroyo.“If you put it in front of a hotel, customers are going to walk ofthe hotel and use it,” he said.However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at hisshop.“People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is tobike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer forthemselves,” he noted.Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. justnorth of Christopher St., said initially he was concerned aboutbike-share, though, he admitted, “I was happy to see people onbikes.”Consisting of equal parts tourists and locals, his customers get abetter rental deal at his shop because, despite charging only$10for a daily rental, the bike-share program requires cyclists tocheck their bikes in at a bike station every half hour. His store,on the other hand, charges $10 for the first hour, $5 for thesecond, and $2.50 per hour after that.“Six hours with Waterfront Bicycle Shop will costa customer $25,” he said. “With Citi Bike, a six-hour rental willcost $126 [if the rider doesn’t re-dock his or her bike at astation every half hour]. Our rentals always include a helmet, abasket and a lock.”Several dozen rental bikes were lined up on Weehawken St. lastSunday behind the store. Benny, who was watching over them, saidanother advantage over the Citi Bikes is that Waterfront’s bikesare all in good working order.Farrell’s early concerns were echoed by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYCVelo, at 64 Second Ave.“It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult toimplement,” Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried aboutinexperienced riders’ lack of awareness of biking rules andbacklash from non-cyclists. However, he said, it’s st ill too earlyto tell if his business has been impacted.The actual Citi Bikes themselves have been criticized as “heavy,”“clunky,” even “ugly.” In comparison, Crooks said NYC Velo hasbikes that are “lighter, faster and tend to bemore comfortable.” Farrell of Waterfront also said his bikes are of“better quality” than the bike-share two-wheelers.While it’s possible bike-share will cause a drop in business in thelong run, Crooks allowed that the idea, as a whole, is good for thecity.“I believe that the progr am is a positive step forward for New YorkCity,” he said, “and will prove to benefit New York City cyclingconditions —in terms of greater acceptance, safetyandaccessibility.”。