被动语态练习题
一．选择填空
1. In some countries, tea ______ with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
2. Great changes _____ in my hometown since 1980.
A. have been taken place B. took place
C. have taken place D. were taken place
3. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years.
A. turn out B. be turned out
C. has turned out D. have been turned out
4. The woman murdered her friend and ______ to ______.
A. was sentenced, death B. sentencing, die
C. sentenced, death D. sentenced, die
5. －Do you like the skirt ?
－It _______ soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
6. Are you still here? You were here an hour ago. Who ________ for?
高中英语·语法专项——被动语态
被动语态
一、语态的基本概念和种类
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句，谓语动词被动语态的句子叫被动句。一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。如：
主动句：They built this bridge.他们修的这座桥。
被动句：This bridge was built by them.这桥由他们建造。
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。
英语主动语态的时态共有十六种，而被动语态只有十种。
三、主动语态变被动语态
主动语态转换成被动语态分三步走：第一步是将主动语态中的宾语放在句首，第二步是将主动语态中的谓语变成被动形式，第三步是将主动语态中的主语放在被动句的谓语之后，在前面再加上介词by，引出动作的执行者。简言之，主动语态变被动语态时，主语与宾语交换位置，谓语变为被动形式，执行者前加by。
主动语态： We speak Chinese.
(主语) (谓语) (宾语)
Chinese is spoken by us.
(主语) (谓语) (宾语)
主动语态转换成被动语态分三种情况：
第一种句型：主语+谓语+宾语，主语与宾语交换位置。例如：
I sent an email last night.昨天夜里我发了一封电子邮件。（主动结构）
An email was sent (by me) last night.一封电子邮件昨天夜里（由我）发出了。（被动结构）
1 被动语态
一、 考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1. across, through 穿过
across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。
eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
2. ill，sick“生病的”。
ill只在系动词后作表语 eg: Her mother was ill in bed.
sick 既可作表语 eg: Her mother was sick in bed.
也可作定语 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.
若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”
eg: an ill person一个坏人
sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“
eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.
【固定搭配】 动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词
make room for给.....腾出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.
play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧 eg: We can’t play a joke on law.
speak highly of称赞 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.
say good bye to告别；告辞 eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.
高中英语被动语态总结
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
2） has /have been done 现在完成时
3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时
4） was/were done 一般过去时
5） had been done 过去完成时
6） was/were being done 过去进行时
7） shall/will be done 一般将来时
8） should/would be done 过去将来时
9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for
his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
