光伏技术词汇

一、光伏词汇篇光伏行业P h o t o v o l t a i c i n d u s t r y光伏电站P h o t o v o l t a i c p o w e r s t a t i o n并网光伏电站G r i d-c o n n e c t e d P V p o w e r s t a t i o n 铸锭I n g o t硅片W a f e r多晶P o l y c r y s t a l l i n e单晶M o n o c r y s t a l l i n e电池C e l l光伏组件P V m o d u l e光伏支架P V s u p p o r t b r a c k e t光伏阵列P V a r r a y光伏组串P V s t r i n g调试D e b u g g i n g产能C a p a c i t y电池效率E f f i c i e n c y接线盒J u n c t i o n b o x焊接S o l d e r i n g串焊S t r i n g i n g层叠L a y o u t层压L a m i n a t i o n装框F r a m i n g包装P a c k a g i n g汇流箱C o m b i n i n g m a n i f o l d s逆变器G r i d-c o n n e c t e d i n v e r t e r电力变压器P o w e r t r a n s f o r m e r油浸式变压器o i l-i m m e r s e d t y p e t r a n s f o r m e r干式变压器D r y-t y p e t r a n s f o r m e r中性点端子N e u t r a l t e r m i n a l绕组W i n d i n g分接T a p p i n g变压器绕组的分级绝缘N o n-u n i f o r m i n s u l a t i o n o f a t r a n s f o r m e r w i n d i n g变压器绕组的全绝缘U n i f o r m i n s u l a t i o n o f a t r a n s f o r m e r w i n d i n g并联电抗器S h u n t i n d u c t o r消弧线圈A r c-s u p p r e s s i o n c o i l互感器I n s t r u m e n t t r a n s f o r m e r电压互感器V o l t a g e t r a n s f o r m e r接地极G r o u n d i n g e l e c t r o d e接地线G r o u n d i n g c o n d u c t o r接地装置G r o u n d i n g c o n n e c t i o n接地网G r o u n d i n g g r i d短路电流S h o r t–c i r c u i t c u r r e n t标准测试条件S t a n d a r d T e s t C o n d i t i o n s(S T C)光伏组件反向额定电流P V m o d u l e r e v e r s e c u r r e n t r a t i n g 电气间隙E l e c t r i c c l e a r a n c e总效率O v e r a l l(t o t a l)e f f i c i e n c y孤岛效应I s l a n d i n g防孤岛效应A n t i-i s l a n d i n g防孤岛能力测试装置A n t i-i s l a n d i n g t e s t d e v i c e大型接地装置I a r g e-s c a l e g r o u n d i n g c o n n e c t i o n施工总平面布置C o n s t r u c t i o n s i t e l a y o u t p l a n施工总进度T o t a l s c h e d u l e f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n潜在性能衰减(P I D)P o t e n t i a l i n d u c e d d e g r a d a t i o n光致衰减(L I D)L i g h t i n d u c e d d e g r a d a t i o n功率衰减P o w e r d e g r a d a t i o n模拟电网S i m u l a t e d u t i l i t y谐振频率R e s o n a n t f r e q u e n c y短时T e m p o r a r y电网扰动发生装置G r i d s i m u l a t o r分闸时间T r i p t i m e恢复并网R e c o n n e t单元发电模块P V p o w e r u n i t低电压穿越能力测试装置L V R T t e s t d e v i c e二、光伏参数词汇篇短路电流 Short-circuit current注：在一定的温度和辐照度条件下，光伏发电器在端电压为零时的输出电流。

光伏行业英文词汇Cell 电池Crystalline silicon 晶体硅Photovoltaic 光伏bulk properties 体特性at ambient temperature 在室温下wavelength 波长absorption coefficient吸收系数electron-hole pairs 电子空穴对photon 光子density 密度defect 缺陷surface 表面electrode 电极p－type for hole extraction p 型空穴型n－type for electron extraction n 型电子型majority carriers 多数载流子minority carriers 少数载流子surface recombination velocity （SRV）表面复合速率back surface field（BSF）背场at the heavily doped regions 重掺杂区saturation current density Jo 饱和电流密度thickness 厚度contact resistance 接触电阻concentration 浓度boron 硼Gettering techniques 吸杂nonhomogeneous 非均匀的solubility 溶解度selective contacts 选择性接触insulator 绝缘体oxygen 氧气hydrogen 氢气Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition PECVDInterface 界面The limiting efficiency reflection 反射light- trapping 光陷intrinsic material 本征材料bifacial cells 双面电池monocrystalline 单晶float zone material FZ －Si Czochralski silicon Cz －Si industrial cells 工业电池a high concentration of oxygen 高浓度氧Block or ribbon 块或硅带Crystal defects 晶体缺陷grain boundaries 晶界dislocation 位错solar cell fabrication太阳能电池制造impurity 杂质P gettering effect 磷吸杂效果Spin －on 旋涂supersaturation 过饱和dead layer 死层electrically inactive phosphorus 非电活性磷interstitial 空隙the eutectic temperature 共融温度boron －doped substrate 掺硼基体passivated emitter and rear locally diffused cells PERL 电池losses 损失the front surface 前表面metallization techniques 金属化技术metal grids 金属栅线laboratory cells 实验室电池the metal lines 金属线selective emitter 选择性发射极photolithographic 光刻gradient 斜度precipitate 沉淀物localized contacts 局部接触point contacts 点接触passivated emitter rear totally diffused PERTsolder 焊接bare silicon 裸硅片high refraction index 高折射系数reflectance 反射encapsulation 封装antireflection coating ARC 减反射层an optically thin dielectric layer 光学薄电介层interference effects 干涉效应texturing制绒alkaline solutions 碱溶液etch 刻蚀/ 腐蚀anisotropically 各向异性地plane 晶面pyramids 金字塔 a few microns 几微米etching time and temperature 腐蚀时间和温度manufacturing process 制造工艺process flow 工艺流程high yield高产量starting material 原材料solar grade 太阳级a pseudo －square shape 单晶型状saw damage removal 去除损伤层fracture 裂纹acid solutions 酸溶液immerse 沉浸tank 槽texturization 制绒极限效率microscopic pyramids 极小的金字塔size 尺寸大小hinder the formation of the contacts 阻碍电极的形成the concentration ，the temperature and the agitation of the solution 溶液的浓度，温度和搅拌the duration of the bath 溶液维持时间alcohol 酒精improve 改进增加homogeneity 同质性wettability 润湿性phosphorus diffusion 磷扩散eliminate adsorbed metallic impurities 消除吸附的金属杂质quartz furnaces 石英炉quartz boats 石英舟quartz tube 石英炉管bubbling nitrogen through liquidP0CL3小氮belt furnaces 链式炉back contact cell 背电极电池reverse voltage 反向电压reverse current 反向电流amorphous glass of phospho －silicates 非晶玻璃diluted HF 稀释HF溶液junction isolation 结绝缘coin －stacked 堆放barrel －type reactors 桶状反应腔fluorine 氟fluorine compound 氟化物simultaneously 同时地high throughput 高产出ARC deposition 减反层沉积Titanium dioxide Ti02Refraction index 折射系数Encapsulated cell 封装电池Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition APCVD Sprayed from a nozzle 喷嘴喷雾Hydrolyze 水解Spin －on 旋涂Front contact print 正电极印刷The front metallization 前面金属化Low contact resistance to silicon 低接触电阻Low bulk resistivity 低体电阻率Low line width with high aspect ratio 低线宽高比Good mechanical adhesion 好机械粘贴solderability 可焊性screen printing 丝网印刷comblike pattern 梳妆图案finger 指条bus bars 主栅线viscous 粘的solvent 溶剂back contact print 背电极印刷both silver and aluminum 银铝form ohmic contact 形成欧姆接触warp 弯曲cofiring of metal contacts 电极共烧organic components of the paste 浆料有机成分burn off 烧掉sinter 烧结perforate 穿透testing and sorting 测试分选I-V curve I-V 曲线Module 组件Inhomogeneous 不均匀的Gallium 镓Degradation 衰减A small segregation coefficient 小分凝系数Asymmetric 不对称的High resolution 高分辨率Base resistivity 基体电阻率The process flow 工艺流程Antireflection coating 减反射层Cross section of a solar cell 太阳能电池横截面Dissipation 损耗Light －generated current 光生电流Incident photons 入射光子The ideal short circuit flow 理想短路电路The depletion region 耗尽区Quantum efficiency 量子效率Blue response 蓝光效应Spectral response 光谱响应Light －generated carriers 光生载流子Forward bias 正向偏压Simulation 模拟Equilibrium 平衡Superposition 重合The fourth quadrant 第四象限The saturation current 饱和电流Io Fill factor 填充因子FF Graphically 用图象表示The maximum theoretical FF 理论上Empirically 经验主义的Normalized Voc 规范化VocThe ideality factor n －factor 理想因子Terrestrial solar cells 地球上的电池At a temperature of 25C 25 度下Under AM1.5 conditions 在AM1.5环境下Efficiency is defined as XX 定义为Fraction 分数Parasitic resistances 寄生电阻Series resistance 串联电阻Shunt resistance 并联电阻The circuit diagram 电路图Be sensitive to temperature 易受温度影响The band gap of a semiconductor 半导体能隙The intrinsic carrier concentration 本征载流子的浓度Reduce the optical losses 减少光损Deuterated silicon nitride 含重氢氮化硅Buried contact solar cells BCSCPorous silicon PS 多孔硅Electrochemical etching 电化学腐蚀Screen printed SP 丝网印刷A sheet resistance of 45-50 ohm/sq 45 到50 方块电阻The reverse saturation current density Job 反向饱和电流密度Destructive interference 相消干涉Surface textingInverted pyramid 倒金字塔Four point probe 四探针Saw damage etchAlkaline 碱的Cut groove 开槽Conduction band 导带Valence band 价带B and O simultaneously in silicon 硼氧共存Iodine/methanol solution 碘酒/ 甲醇溶液Rheology 流变学Spin －on dopants 旋涂掺杂Spray －on dopants 喷涂掺杂The metallic impurities 金属杂质One slot for two wafers 一个槽两片Throughput 产量A standard POCL3 diffusion 标准POCL矿散Back－to －back diffusion 背靠背扩散Heterojunction with intrinsic thin －layer HIT 电池Refine 提炼Dye sensitized solar cell 染料敏化太阳电池Organic thin film solar cell 有机薄膜电池Infra red 红外光Unltra violet 紫外光Parasitic resistance 寄生电阻Theoretical efficiency 理论效率Busbar 主栅线Kerf loss 锯齿损失Electric charge 电荷Covalent bonds 共价键The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) 热膨胀系数Bump 鼓泡Alignment 基准Fiducial mark 基准符号Squeegee 橡胶带Isotropic plasma texturing 各向等离子制绒Block-cast multicrystalline silicon 整铸多晶硅Parasitic junction removal 寄生结的去除Iodine ethanol 碘酒Deionised water 去离子水Viscosity 粘性Mesh screen 网孔Emulsion 乳胶Properties of light 光特性Electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射The visible light 可见光The wavelength ，denoted by R 用R 表示波长An inverse relationship between and ..................... given by theequation ：相反关系，可用方程表示Spectral irradiance 分光照度...... i s show n in the figure below. Directly convert electricity into sunlight 直接将电转换成光Raise an electron to a higher energy state 电子升入更高能级External circuit 外电路Meta-stable 亚稳态Light-generated current 光生电流Sweep apart by the electric field Quantum efficiency 量子效率The fourth quadrant 第四象限The spectrum of the incident light 入射光谱The AM1.5 spectrumThe FF is defined as the ratio of to Graphically 如图所示Screen-printed solar cells 丝网印刷电池Phosphorous diffusion 磷扩散A simple homongeneousdiffusion 均匀扩散Blue response 蓝光相应Shallow emitter 浅结Commercial production 商业生产Surface texturing to reduce reflection 表面制绒Etch pyramids on the wafer surface with a chemical solutionCrystal orientationTitanium dioxide TiO2PasteInorganic 无机的Glass 玻璃料DopantCompositionParticle size DistributionEtch SiNxContact pathSintering aidAdhesion 黏合性Ag powderMorphology 形态CrystallinityGlass effect on Ag/Si interface Reference cellOrganicResin 树脂Carrier 载体Rheology 流变性Printability 印刷性Aspect ratio 高宽比Functional groupMolecular weightAdditives 添加剂Surfactant 表面活性剂Thixotropic agent 触变剂Plasticizer 可塑剂Solvent 溶剂Boiling pointVapor pressure 蒸汽压Solubility 溶解性Surface tension 表面张力Solderability Viscosity 黏性Solids contentFineness of grind ，研磨细度Dried thicknessFired thicknessDrying profilePeak firing temp300 mesh screenEmulsion thickness 乳胶厚度StorageShelf life 保存期限Thinning 稀释Eliminate Al bead formation 消除铝珠Low bowingWet depositPattern design: 100um*74 太阳电池solar cell单晶硅太阳电池single crystalline silicon solar cell 多晶硅太阳电池so multi crystalline silicon solar cell 非晶硅太阳电池amorphous silicon solar cell 薄膜太能能电池Thin-film solar cell多结太阳电池multijunction solar cell 化合物半导体太阳电池compound semiconductor solar cell 用化合物半导体材料制成的太阳电池带硅太阳电池silicon ribbon solar cell光电子photo-electron短路电流short-circuit current (Isc)开路电压open-circuit voltage (Voc)最大功率maximum power (Pm)最大功率点maximum power point最佳工作点电压optimum operating voltage (Vn)最佳工作点电流optimum operating curre nt (In)填充因子fill factor(curve factor)曲线修正系数curve correct ion coefficie nt太阳电池温度solar cell temperature 串联电阻series resista nee并联电阻shunt resista nee转换效率cell efficiency暗电流dark current暗特性曲线dark characteristic curve光谱响应spectral response(spectral sen sitivity)太阳电池组件module(solar cell module)隔离二极管blocking diode旁路二极管bypass (shunt) diode组件的电池额定工作温度NOCT ( nominal operati ng cell temperature短路电流的温度系数temperature coefficie nts of Isc开路电压的温度系数temperature coefficie nts of Voc峰值功率的温度系数temperature coefficie nts of Pm组件效率Module efficiency峰瓦watts peak额定功率rated power额定电压rated voltage额定电流rated current太阳能光伏系统solar photovoltaic (PV) system并网太阳能光伏发电系统Grid-C onn ected PV system独立太阳能光伏发电系统Sta nd alone PV system太阳能控制器solar controller逆变器inverter孤岛效应islanding逆变器变换效率inv erter efficie ncy方阵(太阳电池方阵)array ( solar cell array)子方阵sub-array (solar cell sub-array)充电控制器charge controller直流/直流电压变换器DC/DCcon verter(i nverter)直流/交流电压变换器DC/ACcon verter(i nverter)电网grid太阳跟踪控制器sun-tracking ontroller 并网接口utility interface 光伏系统有功功率active power of PVpower station 光伏系统无功功率reactive power ofPV power station 光伏系统功率因数power factor of PVpower station公共连接点point of common coupling 接线盒junction box 发电量powergeneration 输出功率output power 交流电Alternating current 断路器Circuitbreaker 汇流箱Combiner box 配电箱Distribution box 电能表Supply meter 变压器Transformer 太阳能光伏建筑一体化Building-integrated PV (BIPV) 辐射radiation太阳辐照度Solar radiation 散射辐照(散射太阳辐照)量diffuseirradiation(diffuse insolation)直射辐照direct irradiation (direct insolation)irradiance (solar global irradiance) 辐射计radiometer 方位角Azimuth angle 倾斜角Tilt angle 太阳常数solar constant 大气质量(AM) air mass 太阳高度角solar elevation angle 标准太阳电池standard solar cell(reference solar cel)l 太阳模拟器solar simulator 太阳电池的标准测试条件为：环境温度25i2C，用标准测量的光源辐照度为1000W/m2 并且有标准的太阳光谱辐照度分布。

太阳能光热光伏词汇A1、absorptions coefficient ----- 吸收系数,吸收强度（a—吸收系数）2、aperture diameter width ——开口直径，指槽式聚光镜抛物槽的开口直径大小3、axis ——轴4、azimuth ——方位角，方位角又称地平经度（Azimuth （angle）缩写Az），是在平面上量度物体之间的角度差的方法之一。

是从某点的指北方向线起，依顺时针方向到目标方向线之间的水平夹角。

5、absorptance ——吸收率C1、Concentrating Solar Power --- 聚光式太阳能发电，简称CSP，又叫做STP （Solar Thermal Power）——光热太阳能发电2、concentrator ——聚光器或聚光镜3、collector ——集热器，直接将太阳能转化为热能，使用高储热的物质诸如水或油等，之后使用热交换器使用所搜集的热量。

是聚光太阳能设备的总称，其中包括，concentrator （聚光镜）和receiver （接收器）.4、collecting loop 集热回路，槽式太阳能集热回路包括两种模式，一种是双回路系统，包括导热油（HTF 系统）和（水蒸汽系统），另一种叫DSG 系统，直接产生蒸汽系统。

两种系统的区别在于，第一种是由导热油做为热量转换的中间介质，而后者是太阳能直接转化为水蒸气的热能。

第一种系统效率低于第二种，第二种技术对集热管要求较高。

（Skyfuel 公司在文件中介绍的便是采用南北向布置的双回路带储能的槽式发电系统。

）5、curve ——曲线6、cable ——电缆7、concentration ratio ——聚光比，包括几何聚光比和能量聚光比。

8、con tour of the dish ---- 蝶式太阳能聚光镜的骨架（又叫蚌壳）9、ceramics ——陶瓷，在槽式太阳能热管中，关键的技术就是在集热管的高温选择性吸收涂层。

一、光伏词汇篇光伏行业P h o t o v o l t a i c i n d u st r y光伏电站P h o t o v o l t a i c p o w e r st a t i o n并网光伏电站G r i d-c o n n e c t e d P V p o w e r s t a t i o n 铸锭I n g o t硅片W a f e r多晶P o l y c r y s t a l l i n e单晶M o n o c r y s t a l l i n e电池C e l l光伏组件P V m o d u l e光伏支架P V su p p o r t b r a c k e t光伏阵列P V a r r a y光伏组串P V st r i n g调试D e b u g g i n g产能Ca p a c i t y电池效率E f f i c i e n c y接线盒Ju n c t i o n b o x焊接So l d e r i n g串焊St r i n g i n g层叠La y o u t层压La m i n a t i o n装框Fr a m i n g包装P a c k a g i n g汇流箱C o m b i n i n g m a n i f o l d s逆变器G r i d-c o n n e c t e d i n v e r t e r电力变压器P o w e r t r a n sf o r m e r油浸式变压器o i l-i m m e r s e d t y p e t r a n s f o r m e r干式变压器D r y-t y p e t r a n s f o r m e r中性点端子N e u t r a l t e r m i n a l绕组W i n d i n g分接T a p p i n g变压器绕组的分级绝缘N o n-u n i f o r m i n s u l a t i o n o f a t r a n s f o r m e r w i n d i n g变压器绕组的全绝缘U n i f o r m i n s u l a t i o n o f a t r a n s f o r m e r w i n d i n g并联电抗器S h u n t i n d u c t o r消弧线圈A r c-s u p p r e s s i o n c o i l互感器I n s t r u m e n t t r a n s f o r m e r电压互感器V o l t a g e t r a n s f o r m e r接地极G r o u n d i n g e l e c t r o d e接地线G r o u n d i n g c o n d u c t o r接地装置G r o u n d i n g c o n n e c t i o n接地网G r o u n d i n g g r i d短路电流S h o r t–c i r c u i t c u r r e n t标准测试条件S t a n d a r d T e s t C o n d i t i o n s(S T C)光伏组件反向额定电流P V m o d u l e r e v e r s e c u r r e n t r a t i n g 电气间隙E l e c t r i c c l e a r a n c e总效率O v e r a l l(t o t a l)e f f i c i e n c y孤岛效应I s l a n d i n g防孤岛效应A n t i-i sl a n d i n g防孤岛能力测试装置A n t i-i s l a n d i n g t e s t d e v i c e大型接地装置I a r g e-s c a l e g r o u n d i n g c o n n e c t i o n施工总平面布置C o n s t r u c t i o n s i t e l a y o u t p l a n施工总进度T o t a l s c h e d u l e f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n潜在性能衰减(P I D)P o t e n t i a l i n d u c e d d e g r a d a t i o n光致衰减(LI D)L i g h t i n d u c e d d e g r a d a t i o n功率衰减P o w e r d e g r a d a t i o n模拟电网S i m u l a t e d u t i l i t y谐振频率R e so n a n t f r e q u e n c y短时T e m p o r a r y电网扰动发生装置G r i d s i m u l a t o r分闸时间T r i p t i m e恢复并网R e c o n n e t单元发电模块P V p o w e r u n i t低电压穿越能力测试装置L V R T t e s t d e v i c e二、光伏参数词汇篇短路电流 Short-circuit current注：在一定的温度和辐照度条件下，光伏发电器在端电压为零时的输出电流。