自考“英语(二)”串讲资料(华夏大地)

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

华夏大地自考“英语二”重点班互动直播内容十试题解析华夏大地自考“英语二”重点班互动直播内容（十）：试题解析（2）4月英语(二) 全国高等教育自学考试试题解析Ⅰ．Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)1．_________ conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe and enjoyable form of exercise.A．In B．On C．By D．As【答案】A【译文】总之，散步是一种低成本、安全的和令人愉快的运动形式。

【试题分析】短语搭配题【详细解答】介词短语in conclusion ：“总之” 2．Julie went to the_________ to buy a pair of shoes. A．shoes store B．shoe’s store C．shoe store D．shoes’ store【答案】C【译文】 Julie 去鞋店买双鞋。

【试题分析】名词作定语【详细解答】一般名词作定语不用复数形式。

但也有例外，如：two men teachers ,（两个男老师）three women drivers，（三个女司机）men’s room, （男厕所） a women’s wear department（女装部）3．He has called a meeting of all parties with a _________ to form a new government.A．purpose B．reason C．view D．goal 【答案】C【译文】她号召各党派开会，旨在建立一个新政府。

【试题分析】短语意义区分题【详细解答】短语with a view to ：“旨在”，“目的是”，“为了要…”4．Gazing into his eyes, she seemed to have _________ all he said.A．taken up B．taken over C．taken off D．taken in【答案】D【译文】她注视着她的眼睛，似乎已领会了她所说的一切。

2. ⾮谓语动词 动词主要时态和语态⼀览表 ⾮谓语动词形式意义 现在分词 ⼀般式 doing 主动，正在进⾏ 被动式 being done 被动，正在进⾏ 完成主动式 having done 主动，已经完成 完成被动式 having been done 被动，已经完成 过去分词 done 被动，已经完成 动词不定式 ⼀般式 to do 主动，将要进⾏ 被动式 to be done 被动，将要进⾏ 完成主动式 to have done 主动，已经完成 进⾏主动式 to be doing 主动，正在进⾏ ⾮谓语动词作状语 ？动词不定式：1）⽬的状语；2）结果状语 e.g. I came here to meet you. （⽬的） He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. （结果） ？分词：1）伴随状语；2）原因状语；3）条件状语 4）让步状语；5）时间状语 e.g. Walking along the street， he met his old friend. （时间） Being very tired， my father didn‘t go out with us. （原因） Made by hand， the silk shirt is very expensive. （原因） Seen from the space， the earth looks like a blue ball. （条件） ⾮谓语动词，状语从句和独⽴结构 ？ Having done their homework， the children began to play. （分词作状语） ？ After having done their homework， the children began to play. （连词+分词） ？ After they had done their homework， the children began to play. （状语从句） ？ With homework done， the children began to play. （独⽴结构） ⾮谓语动词作定语 ？ If there is no choice， there is no decision ___ （make）。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Unit 980. The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is likely to be—at least，for any future that concerns us now.81. To these now familiar facts a number of further facts may be added，some of them only recently recognized.82. There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.83. Taken together，these things have implications which are only beginning to be acknowledged.84. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere，…that we have grown so old.85. Long life is altering our society，of course，but in experiential terms.86. Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.87. His earnings are out of all proportion to his skill and ability.Unit 1088. A minor-party or independent candidate，…can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.89. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action，they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.90. The slogan was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff to keep the campaign focused on the nation's slow-moving economy.91. Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidate's personal characteristics.92. As in 1980，when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times，the voters were motivated largely by a desire for change.93. Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war，but voters remained concerned about the economy.94. The invention is going to cause a big stir in the world.95. You should save up money to make provision for the future.Unit 1196. Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.97. It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.98. One experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat's leg，leaving its leg paralysed.99. Even with these new developments in research，only a tiny proportion of all tests are done without using animals at some stage.100.The use of animals in experiments cannot stop immediately if medical research is to continue and consumer products are to be properly tested.101. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.102. I was surprised to see his room in such a litter.103. The conditions that existed ten years ago are reproduced today.Unit 12104. Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies.105. At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.106. As with anything carried to excess，daydreaming can be harmful.107. There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.108. Daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth，power of concentration，and the ability to interact and communicate with others.109. Daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.110. Contrary to popular belief，constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is，in reality，one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it.111. Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.112. The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.113. Daydreaming is highly beneficial to your physical and mental well-being.114. Escape being impossible，the rabbit turned to confront the dog.115. The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.Unit 13116. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing，or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.117. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished，the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it.118. What from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.119. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.120. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population，that is to say，its laborers，will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy.121. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible.122. Workers seldom commit acts of violence，because they can put their aggression into their work，be it physical like the work of a smith，or mental like thework of a scientist or an artist.123. They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.124. The police undertook detailed and comprehensive investigations into the case.“成千上万人疯狂下载。

华夏大地自考“英语二”重点班互动直播内容（七）：翻译简析一、汉译英(Translation from Chinese into English) 应试技巧题解本题共有五个汉语句子，要求译成英语，每句3分，共15分。

主要测试考生主动运用英语的能力。

通常每个句子包含一个或一个以上的语法重点，如时态，被动语态，非谓语动词，复合句，虚拟语气，强调句，倒装句或某个常用词组的应用。

按考试大纲规定，汉译英题中的句子应根据教材中的句子编写的。

由于教材课文中的句子大多数都比较长，所以实际考试的句子一般比原文的句子简短，有的句子就是课文中原句，有的则是教材以外的句子，根据教材中的语法、课文或词汇练习题编写。

备考及应试技巧1．事先筹划，再来做题在翻译每一个句子时，一定要事先筹划：先要想好译成什么样的英语句子结构，是简单句还是复合句，或者是强调句、倒装句。

如果选用了复合句，那么要明确哪部分是主句，从句采用的形式，是定语从句、状语从句还是其他的从句。

在一个句子内，主语是什么，谓语用什么时态，是主动还是被动语态，要不要用虚拟语气，这些都要事先策划好。

然后再动笔进行翻译。

遣词造句过程中，要格外注意一些细节问题：1)仔细斟酌、选用最能确切表达原文意思的英文单词或词组；2)名词的复数形式，动词的不规则变化，主谓语的一致性：3)单词的拼写，标点符号，大小写，冠词的使用等。

任何一个细节注意不到都可能出错丢分。

举例：他的行为好象小孩子一样。

He behaves as if he were a child. （注意主谓一致，虚拟语气）学好一门语言是不容易的。

It is not easy to master a language. （不定式作实际主语）It is not easy to learn a language well.我认为他们不会推迟这次旅行的。

I don’t think (that) they will put off this trip. （习惯用法）科学给我们的生活带来了许多变化。

23. _____ I'm supposed to work by myself， there are other people who I can interact with.A. If onlyB. So long asC. Even ifD. As far as 24. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms， _____ was put forward by the committee， will be considered seriously at the meeting .A. whileB. afterC. sinceD. as 25. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A. untilB. if onlyC. in caseD. unless 26. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable， _____ there is no “absolute” time and space.A. so thatB. even ifC. in caseD. in order 27. In a sense， men of this kind begin not so much with a musical theme _____ with a completed composition.A. butB. thanC. asD. that 28. You must push away the many temptations that are always present _____ your schedule is useless.A. andB. butC. orD. for 3. ⽐较级和级 1. The more time you waste， the _____（easy）it is to continue wasting time. 2.The _____ （far）away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 3.The greenest and _____ （plentiful） leaves are the leaves of grasses living all over the world. 4.We know that we are getting even older， and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the _____ （old） its population is likely to be. rge or fat people who want to look _____（small）than they are usually wear dark clothes. 6. As Jane was the _____ （old）， she looked after the other children in the family. 7. The effect of rapid travel on the body is actually far _____ （disturb） than we realize. 8. The _____ （far） away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 9.He was unable to sit still for _____ （long） than a few minutes. 10.The more stress you are under， _____ （likely） you are to catch a cold. 11. Is this because pupils from Britain's private schools are more intelligent than those from state schools， or are they simply _____ （well） prepared？ 12. They are too easily regarded as evaluated certainties rather than as _____ （raw） of raw materials crying to be processed into the texture of logic. 13. The _______ （good） he feels， the more work he will do. 4. 词形转换 1.The continuing professional education of _____ （high） educated adults will become a third level in addition to undergraduate and professional or graduate work. 2.The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____ （trick） situation. 3.These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____ （specialize） in its function. 4. The child was playing _____ （danger） near the edge of the swimming pool. 5.We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _____（appreciate）of your help. 6.Robots， becoming ___（increase）prevalent in factories， are programmed and engineered to do more jobs. 7.The author of the text expresses a strong _____（disapprove）of working on and off frequently. 8. The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy ______（consume）。

67. Would you mind _____ （rephrase） the question， please. 68. They used to _____ （work） twelve or fourteen hours a day at that time. 69. An organization is a group of people， and a decision __ （make） today may have consequences far into the future. 70. For managers， every decision has constraints _____ （base） on policies， procedures and laws. 71. As I'll be away for a year， I'd appreciate _____ （hear） from you now and then. 72. What developed was a music readily _____ （take） on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression. 73. Many other new techniques are available that enable more research _____ （do） in the test tube. 74. _____ （not， get）enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task. 75. A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after _____ （convict） of murder. 76. With apples at 25 cents a pound， we couldn't resist _____ （take） four pounds. 77. When _____ （give） the chance， it is quite possible for him to fulfill the task within ten days. 78. I'll be only too pleased _____ （help） out those who are in difficulty. 79. Television is another major instrument of communication， _____ （permit） us to see as well as to hear the performer. 80.There are several means _____ （measure） the length and width of the gap. 81. _____ （seize） Jane by the collar， they dragged her out of the vehicle and locked her up in the dark room. 82.I couldn't help but _____ （feel） this is a very strange life. 83. _____ （use ） economically， one tin of oil will last at least three months. 84.It seems reasonable to assume that， other things _____ （be） equal， they would prefer single to shared rooms. 85. With the strike _____ （settle）， the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire. 86. People appreciate _____ （talk） with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous. 87. Since the author did not stick to the topic， I found his article very _____ （confuse） and hard to follow. 88. You may find yourself _____ （face） one interviewer or panel. 89. _____ （understand） the effects of apartheid it is necessary to think of the daily lives of the people. 90. The domestics can have their passports removed， _____ （make） leaving or “escaping” virtually impossible. 91. Miss Hannah Arent was the first person _____ （define） the difference between work and labor. 92. I would rather he _____（buy）the house next year. 93.They demanded that the right to vote _____（give）to every adult person. 94.The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____ （meet） them before. 95.If it hadn't been for your help， we _____ （be） in real trouble. 96.If you had come earlier， you _____ （not miss） the first act of the play. 97.He would have given you more help， if he _____ （not be） so busy. 98. I would recommend that you _____ （think） about doing something similar for yourself. 99. She treats me as if I _____ （be） a stranger. 100. It's time something _____ （do） about the traffic problem downtown. 101. It was imperative that students _____ （finish） their papers before July 1st. 102. It is high time that we _____ （take） firm measures to protect our environment. 103. Had he been treated well， he _____ （get over） this disease. 104. If only the board _____ （approve） the proposal and put it into effect. 105. If thalidomide _____ （invent） today， it would never be released for human use because new tests on pregnant animals would reveal the dangers. 106. He _________（write） her 10 letters since he met her last years. 107. I think it necessary for him ________ （finish） the work in time. 108. The house is ______ （complete） before his brother's wedding ceremony. 109. You had better ________ （bring） enough money with you. 110. If I hadn't listened to you， I would _______ （make） such a silly mistake. 111. The three players repeatedly denied ________ （take） any drug. 112. People who are entitled to ________ （vote） should be over eighteen. 113. If she ______（catch） the 10 O'clock train， she can get there by lunch time. 2. 从句 ――――定语从句，名词从句和状语从句 1.It was there， the police believe， _____ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A. untilB. whichC. thatD. when 2.It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how 3.Such attitudes amount to a belief _____ leisure can and should be put to good use.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. that 4. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition，____， to our disappointment， we saw very few high-tech （⾼技术）products.A. whereB. whichC. asD. that 5. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order _____ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. in that 6.Studies have shown _____ teenagers often suffer from depression.A. thatB. which C .in which D. in that 7. It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. who 9. There is no doubt _____ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery.A. whatB. ofC. ifD. that 10. Such people _____ you describe are nowadays.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which 11. Was it in that school _____ he developed his interest in physics？A. whichB. from whichC. whereD. that 12. Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter _____ he really needs is encouragement？A. when thatB. since thatC. when whatD. now that 13. _____， I couldn't get a job in this company.A. Try as I mightB. As I might tryC. Try though I mightD. I might try 14. It is a well-known fact ____ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. whether 15. Very few people understood this contract， _____was very obscure.A. the languageB. the language of whichC. all it saidD. which it had said 16. Management often works hard to set up a situation _____work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what 17. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement， he wonders ____will happen to his family life.A. itB. thatC. whatD. this 18. We cannot leave this tough job to a person _____.A. who nobody has confidenceB. in whom nobody has confidenceC. for whom nobody has confidenceD. who everyone has confidence of 19. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black， which is _____ the chain gangs call up images of slavery in centuries gone by.A. whereB. whenC. whatD. why 20.Robots differ from automatic machines _____ after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.A. so thatB. in whichC. given thatD. in that 21. His name will be crossed out from the list _____ he makes the same mistake again.A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. though 22. Five minutes earlier， _____we may have caught the gunman.A. andB. butC. orD. so。

自考《英语(二)》串讲第一部分：课程介绍一、课程的基本内容本课程在完成“英语（一）”课程内容基础上，培养学生掌握系统的英语语言知识，包括正确的英语语音知识、系统的英语语法知识和一定的词汇量（4500），并熟悉英语语言的表达方式.二、命题“英语（二）”命题按照标准化测试要求设计。

命题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定.部分命题素材取自《英语(二）自学教程》。

统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。

考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45％。

试卷由七部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。

现对试卷内容及结构分别说明如下：第一部分阅读判断该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句间关系和语篇结构。

该部分短文选自英语国家大众读物及旅游手册、操作说明等真实语料,根据语言难度作适当调整，对无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,用汉语注明词义。

所选短文题材覆盖广泛，涉及叙述、说明、议论等不同体裁.该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的10个句子所表达的信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。

该部分共10小题。

每小题1分，共计10分.特别提示：与以往《英语（二）》的阅读理解设题形式相比，该题更注重文章中的细节。

与四六级06年改革后的新题型中快速阅读的最初形式类似（Yes，No, Not given).第二部分阅读选择该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断；根据上下文推断生词的释义;领会作者的意图、观点和态度.该部分选用1篇长度350词左右的短文，题材包括人文、科技、经济、环境、卫生等热点话题，文中会适当给出个别生词的中文释义。

2020年10月自考00015英语二复习串讲讲义资料课程介绍一、课程性质英语（二）是高等教育自学考试各专业（英语专业除外）本科阶段的公共基础课。

二、题型及分值类型题型分值总计考点选择题阅读判断10×1'10'快速阅读阅读选择5×2'10'深度阅读概括段落大意和补全句子10×1'10'概括段落大意提取关键信息填句补文5×2'10'文章结构，段落连贯性填词补文10×1.5'15'单词认知，词性判断非选择题完形补文10×1.5'15'单词认知，词性转换短文写作1×30'30'100词左右合计100'三、本资料介绍针对英语（二）试题中第一题到第四题，本资料给出对应的解题技巧及真题举例；第五题和第六题主要涉及到英语语法，本资料将近5年真题涉及到的语法知识进行总结，详细解释并举对应的真题为例；针对第七题作文部分，本资料给出写作模板及参考例文。

如果您能认真阅读本资料并掌握其中的解题技巧和语法知识，那么您一定能顺利通过考试！目录第一部分语法知识 (4)第一单元名词形容词副词介词 (4)第一章名词 (4)第二章形容词 (5)第三章副词 (8)第四章介词 (10)第二单元谓语动词 (11)第一章系动词 (12)第二章情态动词 (12)第三章时态 (13)第四章英语语态 (16)第三单元非谓语动词 (17)第一章动词不定式 (18)第二章分词 (19)第四单元从句 (21)第一章名词性从句 (21)第二章形容词从句（定语从句） (21)第三章副词从句（状语从句） (21)第五单元并列结构 (22)第二部分应对技巧 (24)第一章阅读判断 (24)第二章阅读选择 (28)第三章概括段落大意和补全句子 (33)第四章填句补文 (36)第五章填词补文 (38)第六章完形补文 (40)第七章短文写作 (41)第一部分语法知识第一单元名词形容词副词介词第一章名词一、概念名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

华夏大地2007年4月自考“英语二”重点班互动直播内容（一）：语法结构一、考试大纲解读大纲要求词汇：英语单词3800个（其中中学阶段所学词汇约1600个）词组约750个。

考察要求：1.词汇能识别并说出此的语法特征（词类和形态变化）。

能说出汉语词义，对比较常用的词要能英汉互译，拼写正确并记住固定搭配。

了解基本的构词规则，记住常用前缀、后缀的意义并能根据它们猜测词性和词义。

2.语法大纲规定的语法体系整体上比较清楚。

熟练掌握词形变化规则。

了解各个词类、句子成分、简单句、复合句的概念，词和词组在句中的作用，词组、分句和句子的结构，并能在阅读和翻译中运用。

3.阅读能读懂与指定教材后期课文难易程度相当的一般性材料，生词不超过所读材料词数的3%，速度达每分钟30个词，理解基本正确。

4.翻译能将阅读的材料译成汉语，译文基本正确，文字通顺，笔译速度达到每小时300个英语单词。

能把结构不太复杂，由常用词构成的汉语句子译成英语，疑问基本正确。

学习建议：对于大多数同学来说，英语2这门课程考试中明显感觉时间不够用，有的甚至题都读不懂。

阅读中文章读不懂，要花大量时间去推敲文章的主要内容。

归根结底，在于你的词汇方面没有达到大纲考试的要求。

对此建议：每天都要花费一定的时间来背单词。

英语学习是一个长期的过程，特别是对于词汇来说，很难在短期内突飞猛进，长久的准备工作都是在词汇方面做准备。

我们中国的学生不具备英语学习的环境。

学的东西在现实生活中不能够每天都得到复习或者是强化。

词汇学习的方法。

递进式记忆的方法。

人的记忆力是一个曲线的过程。

在数学上是降函数曲线。

第一天学习的东西如果没有复习的话，几天下来连50% 的保有量也没有。

所以要坚持1，2，4，7，11，15，20，26……这样的学习方式。

复习很必要。

第一次学习词汇可能要花费很长的时间。

这个阶段的工作可以称之为“事半功倍”。

复习花费的时间很少，但是效果却非常的好。

这个阶段可以称之为“事倍功半”。

第一讲 重点知识讲解回顾unit 1T ext A What Is a Decision?T ext B Secrets of Success at an Interview重点单词和短语objective accomplish predict accomp any attain scheme skilled ar gue define interview prospect course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) mak e a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on)seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from …to … apply for (to)have no idea bring about tak e the trouble to do sth. put oneself in one ’s place to one ’s adv antage at a disadv antage ask for in hand day-to-day turn down (up, on, off, out, over , back) bother to do sth. mak e sure (of/that) as soon as aim to do sth./ aim at doing sth. in case重点、难点句子详解1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.解析：courses of action 意思是“行动方案、做事步骤”；made 是过去分词；from among 为二重介词2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making.解析：suggest 表示“认为、提出、暗示”意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示“建议”意思时，后面用虚拟语气。

2. 从句 ――――定语从句，名词从句和状语从句 1.It was there， the police believe， _____ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A. untilB. whichC. thatD. when 2.It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how 3.Such attitudes amount to a belief _____ leisure can and should be put to good use.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. that 4. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition，， to our disappointment， we saw very few high-tech （⾼技术）products.A. whereB. whichC. asD. that 5. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order _____ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. in that 6.Studies have shown _____ teenagers often suffer from depression.A. thatB. which C .in which D. in that 7. It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. who 9. There is no doubt _____ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery.A. whatB. ofC. ifD. that 10. Such people _____ you describe are nowadays.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which 11. Was it in that school _____ he developed his interest in physics？A. whichB. from whichC. whereD. that 12. Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter _____ he really needs is encouragement？A. when thatB. since thatC. when whatD. now that 13. _____， I couldn‘t get a job in this company.A. Try as I mightB. As I might tryC. Try though I mightD. I might try 14. It is a well-known fact ____ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. whether 15. Very few people understood this contract， _____was very obscure.A. the languageB. the language of whichC. all it saidD. which it had said 16. Management often works hard to set up a situation _____work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what 17. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement， he wonders ____will happen to his family life.A. itB. thatC. whatD. this 18. We cannot leave this tough job to a person _____.A. who nobody has confidenceB. in whom nobody has confidenceC. for whom nobody has confidenceD. who everyone has confidence of 19. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black， which is _____ the chain gangs call up images of slavery in centuries gone by.A. whereB. whenC. whatD. why 20.Robots differ from automatic machines _____ after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.A. so thatB. in whichC. given thatD. in that 21. His name will be crossed out from the list _____ he makes the same mistake again.A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. though 22. Five minutes earlier， _____we may have caught the gunman.A. andB. butC. orD. so 23. _____ I‘m supposed to work by myself， there are other people who I can interact with.A. If onlyB. So long asC. Even ifD. As far as 24. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms， _____ was put forward by the committee， will be considered seriously at the meeting .A. whileB. afterC. sinceD. as 25. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A. untilB. if onlyC. in caseD. unless 26. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable， _____ there is no “absolute” time and space.A. so thatB. even ifC. in caseD. in order 27. In a sense， men of this kind begin not so much with a musical theme _____ with a completed composition.A. butB. thanC. asD. that 28. You must push away the many temptations that are always present _____ your schedule is useless.A. andB. butC. orD. for 3. ⽐较级和级 1. The more time you waste， the _____（easy）it is to continue wasting time. 2.The _____ （far）away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 3.The greenest and _____ （plentiful） leaves are the leaves of grasses living all over the world. 4.We know that we are getting even older， and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the _____ （old） its population is likely to be. rge or fat people who want to look _____（small）than they are usually wear dark clothes. 6. As Jane was the _____ （old）， she looked after the other children in the family. 7. The effect of rapid travel on the body is actually far _____ （disturb） than we realize. 8. The _____ （far） away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 9.He was unable to sit still for _____ （long） than a few minutes. 10.The more stress you are under， _____ （likely） you are to catch a cold. 11. Is this because pupils from Britain‘s private schools are more intelligent than those from state schools， or are they simply _____ （well） prepared？ 12. They are too easily regarded as evaluated certainties rather than as _____ （raw） of raw materials crying to be processed into the texture of logic. 13. The _______ （good） he feels， the more work he will do. 4. 词形转换 1.The continuing professional education of _____ （high） educated adults will become a third level in addition to undergraduate and professional or graduate work. 2.The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____ （trick） situation. 3.These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____ （specialize） in its function. 4. The child was playing _____ （danger） near the edge of the swimming pool. 5.We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _____（appreciate）of your help. 6.Robots， becoming ___（increase）prevalent in factories， are programmed and engineered to do more jobs. 7.The author of the text expresses a strong _____（disapprove）of working on and off frequently. 8. The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy ______（consume）。

第一单元知识点的回顾Text A1.choose----choice：词型转换经常考，同时注意该词的过去式和过去完成式。

[ 过去式chose 过去分词chosen 现在分词choosing ]选择去做某事★available:（可利用的，有效的）这个词考的频率很高。

换句话说，如果在答案中出现了该词，从词义上应该给予其优先考虑。

这个词出现的句子中经常会同时出现ticket, food, book等。

3.decide----decision，注意词性上的变化。

purpose:这个词一旦出现，它既可以考本词的意思，也可以考后面的谓语动词的形式，记住：凡是出现purpose, aim, objective, plan，dream, goal等有含有目的性的词，后面的谓语动词一定是to do的形式，同时关注这些词是否为复数形式，如果是，谓语动词一定是复数的。

（）过去式purposed 过去分词purposed 现在分词purposing。

for the purpose 为某目的for the purpose of 为了…目的on purpose 有目的地，故意地main purpose 主要目的with the purpose of 目的是；为了…achieve----achievement，注意词型上转换。

同义词都是Vt 达到；完成accomplish, carry out, perform, complete, fulfil4.★in the way:妨碍，挡路，阻碍。

区别in a way：从某种程度上。

★on the way (to)在去…路上(★on the way home)和by the way：顺便说一句。

★★involve----involvement(in)：注意词型转换，词义及介词搭配。

[ 过去式i nvolved 过去分词involved 现在分词involving ]★consider----consideration。

自考英语串讲（二）(珍藏版)上册Grammar & UsageSubject Verb Agreement(Ⅰ)1.主谓一致的三条原则（1）语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。

Human beings enjoy learning.Everybody’s understanding is incomplete.(2)意义一致，即根据意义来处理一致关系。

The people there are fighting for the independence of their country.Ten dollars was a lot of money at that time.（3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

There is a pen,two pencils and an eraser in the pencil box.Neither the boy nor his teachers know the answer.2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致(1)当主语为furniture,equipment,machinery等词时，谓语动词通常用单数。

The furniture in that shop is all made in China.Office equipment is very expensive nowadays.(2)集体名词如people,cattle,police,poultry等往往作复数用。

Some people drive madly in this country.Many cattle have died because of the flood.(3)family,government,class,committee,audience,team,public等词被视作一个整体时，其后的动词用单数；被视为构成整体的个体时，其后的动词则为复数。