西方美学导论IntroductiontoWesternAesthetics21页PPT
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西方美学史英文
西方美学史英文Western Aesthetics HistoryWestern aesthetics history refers to the development and evolution of aesthetics in Western culture. It encompasses the various theories, concepts, and ideas that have shaped the understanding and appreciation of beauty and art in Western societies.The origins of Western aesthetics can be traced back to ancient Greece, where philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle explored the nature of beauty and its relationship to art. Plato considered beauty to be an objective concept, existing independently of individual perception, while Aristotle believed that beauty was subjective and dependent on individual experience and judgment.During the Renaissance, artists and thinkers began to explore the concept of aesthetics in relation to art and creativity. Figures such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo sought to capture beauty through their artworks, while philosophers like Immanuel Kant and David Hume developed theories on aesthetics and the nature of taste.In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Romantic movement emerged, emphasizing individual expression, emotion, andimagination in art. Figures such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller explored the role of aesthetics in literature and drama, while philosophers like Friedrich Schelling and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel focused on aesthetics in relation to philosophy and nature.The 20th century witnessed the rise of various aesthetic movements, including modernism, postmodernism, and conceptual art. Artists such as Pablo Picasso, Marcel Duchamp, and Andy Warhol challenged traditional notions of beauty and art, pushing the boundaries of aesthetics and challenging the viewer"s perception.Today, Western aesthetics continue to evolve and encompass a wide range of theories and ideas. From the study of art and beauty to the exploration of the role of aesthetics in various fields such as architecture, design, and fashion, Western aesthetics history remains a vital and dynamic field of study.。
美学原理《双语讲义》
美学原理Aesthetic Principle文化艺术学院廖思湄教授、博士第一讲美的产生和美学Chapter One The beauty production and Aesthetic第一节美的产生Section One The beauty production美的产生在于它能引起人们一种特定的情感反应，给人们特定的审美和愉悦感受。
美能引起人们的喜悦，产生愉快的情感。
它是由人的感情产生的，感情是外界事物影响的结果。
美是客观存在的，只有一定审美能力的人才能欣赏美。
The production of beauty is that it can cause people to a particular emotional reaction, to a certain aesthetic and pleasant feelings.The beauty can arouse people's joy, produce pleasant feelings. It is produced by human feelings. Feelings are the things of outside influence result. The beauty is an objective existence. If some one has a certain aesthetic ability, he can appreciate the beauty.一、中国古代绘画之美The beauty of Chinese ancient painting元代山水画《渔庄秋霁图》描绘江南渔村秋雨初霁之景象，远山近村，秋水澄明，清寒空寂，淡泊户静。
1．形式美The beauty in form“三段式”构图：中右方以小楷长题连接上下景物，使全图浑然一体，达到诗、书、画的完美结合。
2．抒情美Lyrical beauty画家主观抒情，符合元代山水画注重意境的创造，更强调主观抒发与个人风格创造。
Aesthetics
• Webster’s New World Dictionary: • art: 1. human Creativity 2. skill 3. Any specific skill or it’s application 4. Any craft or it’s principles 5. a making of things that have form or beauty. 6. any branch of this, as painting, sculpture etc…
Introduction to Aesthetics
• Aesthetics is the study of:
– What is Art? – What good Art is?
Albrecht Duerer, Self Portrait, 1500
Cosimo Cavallaro
• Called the ‘Cheese guy’. • His ‘Art’ is dripping melted cheese over a surface area. • What do you think? Is this ART?
– – – – A system of principles and methods employed in the performance of a set of activities: the art of building. A trade or craft that applies such a system of principles and methods: the art of the lexicographer. Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation: the art of the baker; the blacksmith's art. Skill arising from the exercise of intuitive faculties: “Self-criticism is an art not many are qualified to practice” (Joyce Carol Oates). arts Artful devices, stratagems, and tricks. Artful contrivance; cunning.
Introduction to Aesthetics
• Aesthetics is the study of:
– What is Art? – What good Art is?
Albrecht Duerer, Self Portrait, 1500
Cosimo Cavallaro
• Called the ‘Cheese guy’. • His ‘Art’ is dripping melted cheese over a surface area. • What do you think? Is this ART?
– – – – A system of principles and methods employed in the performance of a set of activities: the art of building. A trade or craft that applies such a system of principles and methods: the art of the lexicographer. Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation: the art of the baker; the blacksmith's art. Skill arising from the exercise of intuitive faculties: “Self-criticism is an art not many are qualified to practice” (Joyce Carol Oates). arts Artful devices, stratagems, and tricks. Artful contrivance; cunning.
西方美学导论IntroductiontoWesternAesthetics
因此，人就有两种自然要求或冲动，一个是“感性冲动”
另一个是“形式冲动”，又叫做“理性冲动”。
这就在人身上产生了两个相反的要求，也就是人的感性
兼理性本质的两个基本法则。第一个要求是要有绝对的 实在性：他要把凡只是形式的东西转化为世界，使他的 一切潜在能力表现为现象。第二个要求是要有形式性： 他须把他本身以内的凡只是世界的东西消除掉，把和谐 导入它（凡是世界的东西）的一切改变里：换句话说， 他须把一切内在的东西变成外在的，把形式授给一切外 在的东西。 ——第11封信
2. 美的客观性
席勒关于美的看法反映在《论美书简》中。 席勒1792年12月21日写信给他的朋友克尔纳
（C· G· Kö rner）说：“我看我已找到了美的客观概念， 这是康德所找不到因而感到绝望的，按照它的本质，它 就是审美趣味（鉴赏力）的客观标准。” 席勒在《论美书简》中列举了对美的概念的三种解释：
康德对席勒的影响
康德哲学是要探讨关系人类最终前途的问题：自然向人
（人类社会）的生成。康德哲学是一种将人当作目的自 身的人道主义，“三大批判”依循“自然向人的生成” 的顺序而构造体系，将美学当作了由自然的必然王国向 人的自由王国转换的中间环节。康德的这一人道主义构 想完全为席勒所接受。 席勒也接受了康德先天分析的方法，即不是通过经验的 途径，而是“借助推理的途径”（先天的途径）来研究 美学问题。即通过对人性自身先天条件的分析，来寻求 关于认识美的必然条件。 席勒通过“人性的完整性”的分析，提出通过美育来恢 复人性的完整，使“自然向人的生成”的人道主义理想 能够得以实现。他说：“必须通过审美教育的途径，因 为正是通过美，人们才可以达到自由。”
所谓“同时让欲念和尊敬在一起游戏”，就是让欲念和
西洋文学概论IntroductiontoWesternLiterature.
Western Literary Periods and Literary Schools
• • • • • • • • • • • The Classical Antiquity: theism & humanism The Greek Period The Roman Period The Medieval Period: theism The Renaissance: humanism The Neoclassic Period: Neoclassicism The Romantic Period: Romanticism The Nineteenth Century Realism and Naturalism Symbolism and other schools of Modernism The Twentieth Century: Modernism & Postmodernism
期中考 (週9)
6. The Renaissance (週10,11,12,13) • 7. The Neoclassic Period (週14,15,16,17)
• 期末考 (週18)
何謂「西洋」(Western)？
• the Western World vs. the Eastern World • the Occidental vs. the Oriental • 西洋、西方 vs. 東洋、東方 • 以何為界？ Caucasus (高加索山脈)? • 近東 (the Near East)、中東 (the Middle East)、遠 東(the Far East) 各在哪裡？ • Western = Europe + America + ? • Geographically or culturally western?
高中介绍西方艺术英语作文
高中介绍西方艺术英语作文In high school, students are often introduced to Western art as part of their curriculum. Western art encompasses a wide range of styles and movements, from classical to contemporary. One of the most famous periods in Western art history is the Renaissance, which occurred in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries. This period saw a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman art, as well as the development of new techniques such as perspective and chiaroscuro.Another important period in Western art is the Baroque era, which flourished in the 17th century. Baroque art is characterized by its dramatic use of light and shadow, as well as its ornate decoration and emotive subject matter. Some of the most famous Baroque artists include Caravaggio, Bernini, and Rembrandt.As we move into the 19th and 20th centuries, Western art becomes more diverse and experimental. The Impressionist movement, led by artists such as Monet, Renoir, and Degas, broke away from traditional rules of painting and focused on capturing the effects of light and atmosphere. This paved the way for further developments in modern and contemporary art, with movements such as Cubism, Surrealism, and Abstract Expressionism challenging the way we think about art.Studying Western art in high school can not only help students appreciate the beauty and diversity of artistic expression, but also provide them with valuable insights into the historical, cultural, and social contexts in which art is created. By learning about Western art, students can develop their critical thinking skills, creativity, and cultural awareness, all of which are essential for success in the modern world.Overall, the study of Western art in high school is a valuable and enriching experience that can have a lasting impact on students' lives.。
introduction of western culture lesson2 - Classical Romans
Introduction to Western Culture
Classical Rome
So, where was Rome?
OK, so where in Europe?
Ancient Rome
• Civilization which grew out of Italy, focused on the city of Rome
• Latin is still used in many languages
Social Structure
• Patricians
– – – – Pater Familias – Father of the Family = head of family Head of mother and children. Once the father died, the oldest son became Pater Familias. Focus on men common to Western Cultures, even (unfortunately) up until today. Perhaps all cultures?
Latin
• The languages of Europe sound similar • For example – the word Father
– Latin – Pater – German – Vater – Frence – Pere – Spanish – Padre – Italien – Padre
• Republic of Rome – 509 BCE
– Last of Kings, Tarquin the Proud, was deposed. – Senate – Constitution
Classical Rome
So, where was Rome?
OK, so where in Europe?
Ancient Rome
• Civilization which grew out of Italy, focused on the city of Rome
• Latin is still used in many languages
Social Structure
• Patricians
– – – – Pater Familias – Father of the Family = head of family Head of mother and children. Once the father died, the oldest son became Pater Familias. Focus on men common to Western Cultures, even (unfortunately) up until today. Perhaps all cultures?
Latin
• The languages of Europe sound similar • For example – the word Father
– Latin – Pater – German – Vater – Frence – Pere – Spanish – Padre – Italien – Padre
• Republic of Rome – 509 BCE
– Last of Kings, Tarquin the Proud, was deposed. – Senate – Constitution
西方美学流派第二讲
• 1 在美的本质问题上，重视心理和情感，反 对美在形式或者美在比例的观点。用效用 说和同情说解释美感的来源。
• 2 研究了崇高、美和丑等等审美范畴。
•
六 法国启蒙运动
以 Voltaire、Rousseau、Diderot为代表。主
要研究审美趣味、艺术特征和艺术创作等
问题。
七 德国启蒙运动
以Leibniz、Gottsched、Baumgarten、 Winckelmann、Lessing、Herder为代表
容高雅化、形式精致化、情感平淡化；典 型）、古今之争。
• 价值与意义：
• 1 从理性这一核心原则出发，古典主义美学 主张制定严格的、永恒不变的艺术法则， 使艺术永远服从理性的制约。
• 2 在文艺与现实的关系上，强调艺术模仿自 然，但与文艺复兴时期的“模仿说”不同。 古典主义美学的“自然”是抽象化了的人 性和受过封建文化洗礼的自然。
• 俄国美学基本上以唯物论为哲学基础，其 主要来源是德国古典美学和Feuerbach的美 学思想
• 重要特征：
• 1 在艺术与现实的审美关系上，认为现实是 第一性存在，美是生活，生活是艺术的源 泉，现实美高于艺术美。
• 2 认为艺术应当具有人民性，与现实斗争相 结合，体现时代精神。
• 3 主张思想性、真实性和艺术性三者统一。
俄国realismaesthetics19世纪30年代到60年代以革命民主主义者别林斯基车尔尼雪夫斯基杜勃罗留波夫为代表的俄国美学流派其奠定了现实主义艺术的美学基础是马克思主义美学产生以前唯物主义美学的最高学
第一 Descartes的理性主义 第二 Pierre Gorneille的净化说和三一律。 第三 Nicolas Boileau的新古典主义原则（内
• 2 研究了崇高、美和丑等等审美范畴。
•
六 法国启蒙运动
以 Voltaire、Rousseau、Diderot为代表。主
要研究审美趣味、艺术特征和艺术创作等
问题。
七 德国启蒙运动
以Leibniz、Gottsched、Baumgarten、 Winckelmann、Lessing、Herder为代表
容高雅化、形式精致化、情感平淡化；典 型）、古今之争。
• 价值与意义：
• 1 从理性这一核心原则出发，古典主义美学 主张制定严格的、永恒不变的艺术法则， 使艺术永远服从理性的制约。
• 2 在文艺与现实的关系上，强调艺术模仿自 然，但与文艺复兴时期的“模仿说”不同。 古典主义美学的“自然”是抽象化了的人 性和受过封建文化洗礼的自然。
• 俄国美学基本上以唯物论为哲学基础，其 主要来源是德国古典美学和Feuerbach的美 学思想
• 重要特征：
• 1 在艺术与现实的审美关系上，认为现实是 第一性存在，美是生活，生活是艺术的源 泉，现实美高于艺术美。
• 2 认为艺术应当具有人民性，与现实斗争相 结合，体现时代精神。
• 3 主张思想性、真实性和艺术性三者统一。
俄国realismaesthetics19世纪30年代到60年代以革命民主主义者别林斯基车尔尼雪夫斯基杜勃罗留波夫为代表的俄国美学流派其奠定了现实主义艺术的美学基础是马克思主义美学产生以前唯物主义美学的最高学
第一 Descartes的理性主义 第二 Pierre Gorneille的净化说和三一律。 第三 Nicolas Boileau的新古典主义原则（内
西方艺术讲座英文作文
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西方美的定义英文作文
西方美的定义英文作文英文：Beauty is a subjective concept and its definition varies from person to person. However, in Western culture, beauty is often associated with physical appearance and is heavily influenced by media and societal standards. The ideal Western beauty standard often includes features such as clear skin, symmetrical facial features, a slim body, and long hair.In addition to physical appearance, Western culture also values inner beauty, such as kindness, intelligence, and confidence. However, these traits are often overshadowed by the emphasis on physical appearance.Personally, I believe that beauty is not limited to physical appearance. Inner beauty is equally important and should be valued just as much as physical beauty. Aperson's character, personality, and actions can allcontribute to their beauty.For example, I have a friend who is not conventionally attractive in terms of physical appearance, but her kindness, sense of humor, and intelligence make her incredibly beautiful to me. On the other hand, I have met people who are physically attractive but their negative personality traits make them unattractive in my eyes.In conclusion, Western beauty standards heavily emphasize physical appearance but inner beauty should notbe overlooked. Beauty is subjective and can be found in a variety of traits and characteristics.中文：美是一个主观的概念，其定义因人而异。