英语│中考英语动词被动语态(有难度)1
- 格式:doc
- 大小:98.00 KB
- 文档页数:11
中考英语中被动语态特殊情况(中考英语被动语态讲解)被动语态一一、用法1.说话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省by 短语)。
例: My bike was stolen last night.突出动作的执行者。
例: I was given ten minutes to decide whether I shouldaccept the offer.为了更好地安排句子。
例:The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.二.构成“be +及物动词的过去分词”(be 有人称、数和时态的变化)1.一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are done (过去分词)例:They speak English. → English is spoken (by people)2.一般过去时的被动语态: was/were done例: He watered the flowers just now . → The flowers were watered just now .3.一般将来时的被动语态: shall/will be done例:We will clean the classroom. → The classroom will be cleaned (by us ) .4.现在进行时的被动语态:am/is /are being done例:Tom is picking apples . → Apples are being picking by Tom5.过去进行时的被动语态 was/were being done6.现在完成时的被动语态: has /have been done例; The workers have built a house. → A house has beenbuilt by the workers .7.过去完成时的被动语态:had been done8.过去将来时的被动语态:should/would be done例:You would look after him well . → He would be looked after well .9.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词例:The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.三.步骤主动语态变被动语态1、找:找主语、找宾语(找原主动句中的主语和宾语)2、换:换位置,主语变宾语,宾语变主语3、改:动词改成be done的被动形式(其人称和数随主语变化,动词时态则保持不变)4、加:加by( 宾格),加附属(定语、状语),by 宾格可省略。
中考考点_动词被动语态知识点汇总(全)经典1一、动词被动语态1.Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.A. was sentB. were sentC. have sentD. sent【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:去年,五名语文老师被派往英国的一所学校达四周的时间用中国式的方法教英国的学生。
根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态be done,故排除CD。
根据主语是复数,所以系动词用were, 故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态,be动词的辨析复数主语用were。
2.The telephone ________ in 1876.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876年被发明的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
一般过去式的被动语态构成was/were done该句的主语和谓语之间是动宾关系,动作发生在过去,所以用被动语态的一般过去时态,故选D。
3.—Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!—Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.A. was buildingB. was builtC. has built【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:—看,多么古老的桥啊!看起来那么特别!—是啊,它建造于近500年前。
it指的是上一句的bridge,是动词build的受动者,需用被动语态。
500 years ago五百年前,用于一般过去时。
根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。
中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)被动语态专题定义语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词被动语态的时态:“主动语态变被动语态,时态不变动”,即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
请看下表:时态被动结构一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shall be+过去分词现在进行时am/is/are being+过去分词现在完成时have/has been+过去分词含情态动词can/may/must... be+过去分词主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步:先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步:把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词,变宾格为主格。
第三步:把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”,时态不变。
第四步:把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时,“by+宾语”在句中常省略。
),若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句:主动语态:They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态:Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练(把下列句型改为被动句)1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充:①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
中考英语动词被动语态题20 套( 带答案 )一、动词被动语态1.—Is everything ____ we need to do ____?—Yes. You needn't worry about it.A. which; has doneB. which; doingC. that; has doneD. that; done【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:—我们所需要做的一切都做了吗?—是的,你们不必担心。
本题考查定语从句和被动语态。
在定语从句中,当先行词是everything时,关系代词用that 。
第二个空用done ,和 Is 构成被动结构,故答案为 D.【点评】此题考查定语从句和被动语态。
2.—Why did you leave that position?—I ______a better position in another factory.A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered 【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:——你为什么离开那个职位?——另一家工厂给我提供了更好的工作。
根据助动词 did,可知是一般过去时描述过去, offer 和主语 I 是被动关系,故是一般过去时的被动语态,故选 D。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
3.This book ________________ by children.A. lovesB. lovedC. is loved【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。
主语this book 和动词love 是被动关系,可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done ,主语是 the book,用is,故选 C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。
4.—Who's the little boy in the photo?—It's me. The photo when I was six years old.A. takesB. tookC. was taken【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:——这张照片里的小男孩是谁?——是我,这张照片在我六岁的时候拍的。
(英语)中考英语动词被动语态练习题及答案及解析一、动词被动语态1.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else?A. serve; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:—服务员,我想要一个香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。
—对不起,先生。
他们只在午餐和晚餐提供。
为什么不考虑点别的呢?they指代的是前面提到的香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉,与动词serve之间是被动的关系,应该用被动语态的形式;consider doing sth.考虑做某事。
故答案为C。
2.----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now.A. isn't allowedB. aren't allowedC. doesn't allow【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟,爸爸。
在公共场所不允许吸烟。
----哦,对不起,我马上停止。
“不允许吸烟”,吸烟smoking在句中作主语,用被动语态。
动名词短语smoking作主语,谓语用三人称单数.故选A3.This book ________________ by children.A. lovesB. lovedC. is loved【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。
主语this book和动词love是被动关系,可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,主语是the book,用is,故选C。
动词被动语态易错清单1. 主动结构表被动(1)open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可以用主动语态表被动意义。
如:Mo Yan's novels sell well. 莫言的小说很好卖(销路好)。
(2)表示感觉的连系动词如feel,look,smell,sound,taste等后跟表语时,总是用其主动结构表达被动意义,它们不能用于被动语态。
如:The table feels smooth.这张桌子摸起来很光滑。
(3)在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。
The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
(4)want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/ require +to be done。
如:The library needs cleaning.=The library needs to be cleaned. 图书馆需要打扫了。
2. 不用被动语态的情况(1)当谓语是表示状态或特征的及物动词时,不用被动语态。
这样的及物动词有have,become,cost,reach,sell,arrive,fit,hold,own,suit等。
如:We have a good teacher.我们有一位好老师。
The classroom holds 80 students.这间教室容纳80个学生。
(2)及物动词的宾语为反身代词、相互代词、非谓语动词、同源宾语时,都没有被动语态。
如:The boy taught himself English. 这男孩自学英语。
We help each other. 我们互相帮助。
(3)当主动句的宾语是不定式时,很少用于被动语态。
如:She likes to swim. 她喜欢游泳。
3. 被动语态与系表结构的区别动词“be+过去分词”这一结构既可以是被动语态,也可以是系表结构。
热点透视聚焦中考中考英语被动语态考点归纳及分析湖北省武汉市七一中学庄禾供稿一、被动语态的基本结构英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
解答被动语态题目时,首先要判断主语和动作的关系。
如果主语是动作的执行者,就用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,就用被动语态。
助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化,其变化通过连系动词be的变化来表现。
被动语态否定式为“be not done”。
例如:Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.(句中主语Chinese 是动词speak的承受者,因此该句使用了被动语态。
)我们在平常尽量使用英语的主动语态,但在以下几种情况下,则通常使用被动语态:1.行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时;2.用以强调或突出动作的承受者时;3.汉语中含有“据说、据悉、有人说、大家说”等时;4.在新闻报道中,用以表明报道的客观性而避免主观性的表达;5.在科技文中,用以强调客观事实;6.某些内容或特定场合下的习惯用法。
例如:The glass is broken.(玻璃杯破了。
)The bag was taken away by his sister.(那个袋子是她姐姐提走的。
)It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and dropped some money down a chimney.(据说,有一天他爬到一所房子的屋顶上,往烟囱下面扔了一些钱。
)A car accident happened on the high way this morning.Three men were killed,the wounded were taken away to hospital at once and policemen were sent there to cope with the event.(今天早晨高速公路上发生了一起车祸,三人丧生,伤员马上被送往了医院,并马上派了警察去处理这一事件。
【英语】中考英语易错题专题三英语动词被动语态(含解析)含解析一、动词被动语态1.Everybody _________ deeply after they heard the story.A. movesB. movedC. is movedD. was moved【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:每个人在听了这个故事之后,都被深深地感动了。
根据after they heard the story可知,这里用的是一般过去时,所以主句的时态也用一般过去时,故排除A 和C;everyone与move之间是被动关系,故选D。
2.—Who's the little girl in the photo?—It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago.A. tookB. is takenC. has takenD. was taken【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——照片中的小女孩是谁?——是我,这张照片是十年前照的。
句子主语是动作的承受者,应该用被动语态,时间状语是十年前,应该用过去时,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
was/were+及物动词的过去分词,过去的被动语态结构。
3.Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago.A. is raisedB. was raisedC. will be raisedD. has been raised【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前,一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。
ago 多久以前,过去的时间,根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。
所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构,故选B。
4.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。
易错点07 被动语态什么是被动语态?英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态的主语是动作的执行者;被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,理解为“被……” 。
不同时态的被动语态:被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”,be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。
当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者,只强调突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态。
1.(2023·湘西·中考真题)The Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship (载人飞船) ________ on May 30 this year.A.was sent B.send C.sent2.(2023·鞍山·中考真题)—The traffic is more convenient than before.—Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year.A.is built B.was built C.builds D.will be built3.(2023·朝阳·中考真题)—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year.—That’s great! Animals are our friends.A.protect B.were protected C.are protected D.protected4.(2023·内蒙古·中考真题)—Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone.—That’s true. After all, safety must come first.A.allow B.don’t allow C.aren’t allowed D.is allowed5.(2023·盘锦·中考真题)It is reported that 6G technology ________ widely in a short time.A.used B.will use C.is used D.will be used 6.(2022·河池·中考真题)Some new schools ________ in our city next year.A.are built B.were built C.will build D.will be built 7.(2022·武汉·中考真题)During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.A.is found B.has been found C.will be found D.could be found 8.(2023·福州·模拟预测)Shy students should _______ to be brave enough to speak in public.A.be encouraged B.encourage C.be encouraging9.(2023·厦门·二模)Waste can ________ by giving away unwanted books or other things to people in need.A.reduce B.be reduced C.be reducing10.—Where is Jane? I didn’t see her anywhere.—She _______ to Helen’s birthday party. But I’m not sure.A.may invite B.is invited C.may be invited D.must be invited动词短语变成被动语态时,要保持完整,不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
最新英语│中考英语动词被动语态(有难度)(word)1一、动词被动语态1.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month.— I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime.A. will have;won'tB. have;won'tC. will have;isn'tD. have;doesn't【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:—我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。
—我希望如此,但是如果我们的任务没有完成,我们就将会加班。
will have将会有;have有,一般现在时;won't是will not的缩写形式,表示将来;isn't是is not的缩写,是一般现在时;doesn't是does not的缩写,是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
第一个空前if的意思是是否,引导宾语从句,从句中表示将来的事情,故用一般将来时态;第二个空前的if是如果,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态,主句用一般将来时态,从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态,故应用be+过去分词形式,选C。
【点评】本题是对时态,语态的综合考查。
难点在于两个if ,第一个是引导宾语从句,表示将来的动作用将来时态。
但第二个是引导状语从句,用一般现在代替一般将来。
注意对这些知识点的熟练掌握。
2.—Who's the little boy in the photo?—It's me. The photo when I was six years old.A. takesB. tookC. was taken【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——这张照片里的小男孩是谁?——是我,这张照片在我六岁的时候拍的。
【英语】中考英语总复习∶动词被动语态(提高)知识讲解及答案一、动词被动语态1.His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new.A. buysB. boughtC. is boughtD. was bought【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:他的车是五年前买的,但看起来很新。
his car与动词buy由动宾关系,且his car做主语;由five years ago提示,谓语动词要用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构及用法。
2. Chinese ______by more and more people around the world.A. spokenB. is spokenC. spokeD. speak【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。
全世界的人讲汉语,表示通常的状况,用一般现在时态;主语Chinese是谓语动词speak的承受者,用被动语态。
故选B。
3.—Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!—Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.A. was buildingB. was builtC. has built【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:—看,多么古老的桥啊!看起来那么特别!—是啊,它建造于近500年前。
it指的是上一句的bridge,是动词build的受动者,需用被动语态。
500 years ago五百年前,用于一般过去时。
根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。
【点评】考查动词语态辨析题。
根据时间状语和动词和主语的关系确定时态和语态。
4.— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else?A. served; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. are served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——服务员!我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。
中考英语语法必考之被动语态考点梳理,重难点一网打尽!文/安颖/北京西城中学英语教师一、语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
如:主动句:They built this bridge.被动句:This bridge was built by them.二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be +及物动词的过去分词”构成,助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be 作为系动词的变化完全一样。
三、八种常用时态的被动语态举例1. 一般现在时A lot of books are kept in our school library. 我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。
2.一般过去时A thief was caught last night. 一个小偷昨晚被抓了。
3.现在进行时The watch is being repaired. 这块表正在修理。
4.过去进行时The door was being painted at that time. 那时门还在油漆。
5.一般将来时The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon. 班会下周六下午召开。
6.过去将来时They said the work would be finished the next day. 他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。
7.现在完成时My bag has been stolen. 我的包被偷了。
8.过去完成时She said this airport had never been used. 她说这个机场没有使用过。
四、情态动词的被动语态例:1)主动句:You must hand in your homework this afternoon.被动句:Your homework must be handed in this afternoon.2)主动句:I have to do the job 被动句:The job has to be done by myself.3)主动句:All of us ought to obey the rule.被动句:The rule ought to be obeyed.(by all of us)五、被动语态的用法1.当不知道谁是动作的执行者时,用被动语态。
初中英语被动语态(知识点+练习题,含答案)语态是动词的一种形式,用于表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态只能用于及物动词。
一.被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二.被动语态的基本用法:1)需要强调动作的承受者时ns of people all over the world enjoy the Great Wall。
English is XXX.2)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时XXX.The problem is being dealt with now.3)当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young.三.主动语态转被动语态的变法:口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done,时不变,数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换为被动语态的步骤:1.将原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语。
2.将动词改为被动语态形式,即“be+过去分词”。
3.原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要,就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语)以指明做事的人或物。
如果没有必要,可以省略。
4.其它成分不变。
5.被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者。
中考英语动词被动语态真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、动词被动语态1.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the Noble Prize in Medicine, she by more people nowadays.A. knowB. knowsC. is knownD. was known【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:屠呦呦在医药方面第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人,现如今她被更多的中国人知道。
A,know 一般现在时,B,knows一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。
C,is known被知道一般现在时的被动语态。
D,was known被知道一般过去时的被动语态。
由题意可知她被知道,故答案选C【点评】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
以及know,knows,is known,was known四个词的意思和时态语态的区别。
2.He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day.A. sendB. will be sentC. was sentD. sent 【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:他在网上为父亲订了一块表。
将在父亲节前寄给他。
It指代的是“表”,作主语,与谓语动词send是逻辑上的动宾关系,it是其承受者,用被动语态;从时态上看,表将在父亲节前寄给他,用一般将来时态,故选B。
3.----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now.A. isn't allowedB. aren't allowedC. doesn't allow【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟,爸爸。
中考英语复习之动词的被动语态一、考点、热点回顾(一)被动语态的分类:1.一般现在时的被动语态:主语+ am /is/ are +动词的过去分词 e g. They are allowed to go out.2.一般过去时的被动语态:主语+ was /were +动词的过去分词 e g. The door was opened.3.一般将来时的被动语态:主语+ will be +动词的过去分词 e g. What will be done next week?4.现在进行时的被动语态:主语+am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词e g. Mycomputer is being repaired.5.现在完成时的被动语态:主语+have /has +been +动词的过去分词e g. The car has been repaired for two hours.6.情态动词的被动语态:主语+情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词e g. Small trees must be watered often.(二)被动语态的作用1、施动者并不重要或无需出现在语境中。
A students is said to be often late for class.2、没有动作执行者,只表达动作接受者The sportsmeeting has been postponed till Tuesday.3、因为语境需要,谓语动词不以主动语态出现[来源:Z。
xx。
]I was born in Shanghai.4、只是一种完成体结构,并无主动形式He is gone.5、固定词组中的被动语态Mnay peolpe are concerned with the air pollution6、特别突出动作执行者The picture is broken by Mike.动词的被动语态归纳动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)先把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,假设主动句的宾语是代词,则需变为主格。
初三知识点总结被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式,它用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在初三学年,学生已经学习了被动语态的基本概念和用法。
本文将对初三学生在学习被动语态过程中需要掌握的知识进行总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同,be的形式会发生变化。
1. 现在时态的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:Active: Tom eats an apple.Passive: An apple is eaten by Tom.2. 过去时态的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词例如:Active: Lisa wrote a letter.Passive: A letter was written by Lisa.3. 将来时态的被动语态:will be + 过去分词例如:Active: They will build a new hospital.Passive: A new hospital will be built by them.二、主动语态和被动语态的转换在学习被动语态时,初三学生需要学会主动语态和被动语态的相互转换。
具体转换规则如下:1. 直接宾语转换:将主动语态中的直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
例如:Active: They eat apples.Passive: Apples are eaten by them.2. 双宾语转换:将主动语态中的间接宾语变为被动语态中的主语,直接宾语变为介词by短语。
例如:Active: He gave me a book.Passive: I was given a book by him.3. 无宾语动词转换:将主动语态中的无宾语动词转换为被动语态时,需加上介词by和动词的进行时态。
例如:Active: They swim in the pool.Passive: The pool is being swum in by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有多种用途,以下是初三学生应掌握的主要用法:1. 主动语态的被动表达:当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。
英语│中考英语动词被动语态(有难度)1一、动词被动语态1.—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.—I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for.A. were killingB. were killedC. killedD. had killed【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——据报道,31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。
——我不知道他们是谁,但我知道他们是为了谁。
根据 It's reported 据报道,可知动作为过去发生;再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知,本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词,kill的过去分词为killed。
故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
注意掌握一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词,表“过去被……”。
2.— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else?A. served; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. are served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——服务员!我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。
——对不起,女士,他们只在午饭提供。
为什么不考虑点别的东西?根据they和serve的关系是被动的,被提供,可知填入are served,结合短语consider doing sth,考虑做某事,可知第二个空填入ordering,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和短语consider doing sth,注意语态和短语的用法。
3.—Why are you leaving your job?—I can't stand it any longer. I always ____ to work overtime.A. am; askingB. am; askedC. was; askingD. was; asked【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——你为什么要离职?——我再也受不了了,我总是被要求加班。
根据句意可知用被动语态,可排除AC;根据上一句are leaving是现在进行时表示将来,所以此处是一般现在时,故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
4.In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year.A. will plantB. should plantC. should be plantedD. must plant【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:为了使丹东更漂亮,应该每年种植更多的树木和花。
A.主动语态的将来;B.有情态动词的主动语态;C.有情态动词的被动语态;D.必须种植。
主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系所以用被动结构,合有情态动词的被动结构是情态动词+be done。
故选C。
5.Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.A. toldB. is toldC. was toldD. has told【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:吉娜昨天去看医生,她又一次被告知良好生活习惯的重要性。
she 与tell之间是被动关系,要用被动语态;根据上句谓语动词went,可知要用一般过去时。
所以要用一般过去时的被动语态,be(was/were)+过去分词,主语she,第三人称单数,要用was,tell的过去分词told,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的构成和用法。
注意根据语境确定时态,同时根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态。
6.To our surprise, the walls of the new bookstore ____books.A. are lined withB. is lined withC. have lined with【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:令我们惊奇的是,新书店的墙上排满了书,用……把……布满,排满:line...with...,主语the walls是谓语动词line的承受者,用被动语态;the walls是主语中心词,of the new bookstores是作定语的介词短语,主语是复数,谓语也要用复数形式。
故选A。
7.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.A. fillB. filledC. are filledD. were filled【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。
请吃一个。
根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系,要有被动语态;由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时,要用一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词。
主语cakes,复数,要用are,fill的过去分词filled,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态,同时根据语境确定时态。
8.—Have you heard of the Big Ben?—Of course. It a symbol of UK.A. regards asB. is regarded asC. is regarded toD. regards to【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:一你听说过大本钟吗?一当然。
它被看作是英国的象征。
句中的It 代指Big Ben是动作regard的承受者,该用被动语态。
而被动语态是由:be动词+实意动词的过去分词构成。
be regarded as 被……看作,所以选B。
9.—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class?—Paper __________fast __________about 2,000 years ago in China.A. is; inventedB. was; inventedC. is; inventingD. was; inventing【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——Lucy,从这节历史课你已经学到了什么?——在中国大约2000年前纸被迅速发明。
根据about 2,000 years ago,可知时态是一般过去时,排除A、C。
主语paper 是动作invent 的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,invent的过去分词是invented,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意平时识记,理解句意。
10.You throw it away. It can .A. needn't; recycleB. needn't; be recycledC. don't need; be recycled【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:你没有必要把它扔掉。
它可以被回收利用。
need的否定形式是needn't,不必,后跟动词原形;recycle,回收利用,和主语it之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,can 是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done,故选B。
【点评】此题考查情态动词need和含有情态动词的被动结构。
11.It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______.A. are callingB. have calledC. are called【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:现在还没有轮到你.请等在那边的椅子上,直到有人叫你。
结合语境可知,主语you是动作call的承受者,因此这里用一般现在时态的被动语态,结构式is/are/am+动词的过去分词.主语是you,用be动词are.call的过去分词是called.答案是C【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
12.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。
each year和一般现在时连用,因此排除B;plastic和create之间是被动关系,be done,主语是 300 million tons of plastic,谓语动词要用单数,因此是is created,故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,注意在语境中熟练运用动词的时态和语态。
13.Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.A. replaceB. replacedC. will be replacedD. were replaced【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:让我们等着看是否将来书会被网络替代。
whether引导的宾语从句根据时间确定时态,结合in the future可知表达的是将来的事情,主语books是动词replace的承受者,故用一般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词,故选C【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。
14.----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now.A. isn't allowedB. aren't allowedC. doesn't allow【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟,爸爸。