《英汉实用翻译》PPT课件

Unit 5 Texture of the Sentence Structure
Байду номын сангаас
Compare the different positions of adverbial in the following sentences: China successfully launched its first man-made satellite in April, 1970. 中国于1970年4月成功地发射了第一颗人造卫星。
Unit 5 Texture of the Sentence Structure
Exercises: 他做完作业后就上床睡觉了。 他一到，他们就开始干活了。 A loud applause exploded from the audience when the actress went on the stage.
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Differences between E & C —C：abstract concepts & concrete things are quite different to the Chinese minds.
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language
Differences between E & C —E：abstract concepts & ideas vague distinction between concrete objects & generalized concepts
Unit 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language

native speaker.
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五、有些中文词语没什么特别的含义， 而与之相对应的英文词却有特殊的含 义
Cheap “便宜，廉价”还有“质次价低”的意 思。
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cheap jewelries, ught a cheap dress for my girlfriend.
信息化
informationization
The spreading/sweeping information explosion the information explosion process/trend ★
外资企业
Enterprises with foreign investment Overseas-funded enterprises
这种鞋油为您足下增光。
This shoe shine shines your shoes and you look great.
新词(coined words)
渐进式延迟退休年龄
Gradually/progressively raise retirement age
“十三五规划”(2016-2020)提出渐进式延迟退 休年龄，以缓解我国的养老金压力和劳动力不 足。
While headlines often focus on what's wrong, in many ways the world is getting better. Health is improving. Poverty is shrinking. Knowledge is growing. People are connecting. Technological progress in every field means your life should be dramatically better than ours today.

第四章
英汉互译技巧
1
. LOGO
第一讲 Diction 遣词用字
第二讲 Amplification 增词法
第三讲 Omission 省略法
第四讲 Conversion 转换
第五讲 Restructuring 结构调整
第六讲 The Passive Voice 被动语态
第七讲 Affirmative vs. Negative肯定与否定
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2、Judging from the References 1) third person pronouns; indefinite pronouns：some, any,
each, both; definite pronouns：much, many, few, little, etc.
He (father) sent John to the university and was eager to have him distinguisdge the meaning?
❖From the parts of speech ❖From the collocation ❖From the context ❖From the syntax
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Parts of speech
❖ He saw a man sawing wood with a saw．
I hate blue shirts; white shirts suit me but gray is the most preferable. 我讨厌穿蓝衬衫，喜欢穿白衬衫，而最喜欢穿灰衬衫.
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Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 英语词义辨析法

翻译的标准：忠实与通顺 翻译的过程：理解和表达 翻译的方法：直译和意译 Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor
is it to make social problems evaporate. • 直译：砸镜子不能使丑八怪变漂亮，也不能使社会问题烟消云散。 • 意译：砸镜子并不能解决实际问题。 I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my
美国 奈达 Eugene Nida: 读者反应论 忠实原文；易于理解；形式恰当；吸引读者 使
译文读者在读译文时，和原文读者在读原文时有 着大体相同的感受 natural / close; dynamic / functional equivalence
苏联 费道罗夫：等值论 与原文作用相符（表达方面的等值）
2.1.1 理解专业知识和文化背景知识 课堂练习 课后作业
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
第一章： 引论
1.1 翻译的概念及其重要性 1.2 翻译的基本标准 1.3 译者的基本素质
钱钟书：化境说 sublimed adaptation 文学翻译的最高标准是‘化’。所谓“化境”，
就是原作向译文的“投胎转世”，文字形式虽然换 了，而原文的思想、感情、风格、神韵都原原本本 地化到了译文的境界里了，丝毫不留下翻译的痕迹， 让读者读译作就完全像在读原作一样。
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的，应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失，增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用

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翻译中的选词和选义 Die & “死
”
To go to sleep To be no more To close one’s eyes To lay down one’s life To pass away To breathe one’s last To go west To come to a violent death To give up the ghost To kick the bucket To kick up one’s heels To release souls from
译：1）这是一位举止得体的姑娘。（不宜译成：有好举止的姑娘） 2）这些都被标为新鲜的鸡蛋。（不宜译成：好鸡蛋） 3）狗经常被认为是人们的忠实朋友。（不宜译成：好朋友） 4）纳赛尔是个高明的棋手。（不宜译成：好棋手）
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词的搭配意义 ——“sophisticated”
Sophisticated man Sophisticated woman Sophisticated columnist Sophisticated electronic device Sophisticated man weapon
出席会议的有4国政府的首脑。
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一词多译 “man”
Man and wife Officers and men His man Friday Man-of-war Be a man!
丈夫和妻子 官和兵 他的仆人“礼拜五” 战舰 要像个男子汉！
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一词多译 “good”
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一词多译 “head”
1) He was badly wounded in the head. 2) You should use your head a bit. 3) He has a good head for mathematics. 4) The dinner cost us five dollars a head. 5) He was standing at the end of the staircase. 6) Let’s discuss the question under five heads. 7) Heads or tails? 8) Where is the head? 9) Go and ask the head of our department. 10) Present at the meeting were the heads of government of the four