机械工程专业英语教程 (34)[16页]

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Lesson 47 Mechanical Vibrations
• Terminology • Text tour
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Terminology
• Displacement • A vector or the magnitude of a vector from the initial
In the presence of friction, that portion of motion not sustained by the sinusoidal excitation force will gradually die out.[3] 3. sinusoidal excitation force意为“正弦激振力”。全句可译为：在有摩擦存在的情况下，不是由正弦激振力支持的那部分振动将逐渐停止。
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Due to the similarities between rectilinear and torsional types of vibration, the discussion and analysis of one type apply equally
Damping, in its various forms such as air damping, fluid friction, Coulomb dry friction, magnetic damping, internal damping, etc., will always slow down the motion, and cause the eventual dying out of the oscillation.[4] 4. magnetic damping, internal damping意为“磁阻尼，内阻尼”。全句可译为：以诸如空气阻尼，流体摩擦，库仑干摩擦，磁阻尼，内阻尼等形式存在的阻尼将会使运动减慢，并且最终使振动停止。

《机械工程专业英语》课件

机械工程原理
深入研究机械运动、力学和设计方面的原理和方法。
机械工程设计
学习机械系统和组件的设计过程，包括CAD和仿真技术的应用。
学习资源
参考书籍
推荐几本经典的机械工程教材，供学生参考和深入学习。
学习网站
介绍几个优质的在线学习平台，提供丰富的课程和资源供学生学习。
实践项目
鼓励学生参与实际机械工程项目，提升实践能力和解决问题的能力。
2 学生建议和意见
鼓励学生提供对课程的建议和意见，帮助课程更好地满足学生的需求。
总结
课程概述
总结《机械工程专业英语》课程的内容和目标，强调学生在学习过程中的收获。
学习成果
强调学生通过学习该课程所获得的知识和技能，对未来的几个学习机械工程领域知识的途径，如继续学习、实践项目和职业培训。
《机械工程专业英语》 PPT课件
这个PPT课件旨在介绍《机械工程专业英语》课程的内容，包括课程目标、学习方法、重点知识点、学习资源、考试评估、学生反馈和总结。
课程介绍
本节将详细介绍《机械工程专业英语》课程的目标、内容和学习方法。帮助学生了解课程的重要性和学习的方法。
重点知识点
机械工程概述
了解机械工程领域的基本概念、原理和应用。
考试评估
1 考试形式
说明考试的形式，如闭卷考试、开卷考试或者实践考核。
2 考试内容
列举考试涵盖的知识点和要求，帮助学生有针对性地复习。
3 考试时间
确定考试的日期和持续时间，提醒学生合理安排学习时间。
学生反馈
1 课程满意度调查
开展匿名调查，了解学生对课程的满意度和建议，持续改进教学质量。

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (45)[9页]

relationship with the public 公共关系：与公众建立并促进一种有利关系的艺术或科学
2. The methods and activities employed to establish and promote
a favorable relationship with the public 公共关系策略与实施：用于与公众建立并提高一种有利关系的方法或活动
Production Department. The production department sets up and uses the tools and machines to make the
product.
2. research and development 意为“研究和开发，研制”， set up意为“调试”。这段与下一段第一句可译为：
which later stages are based or judged. • 原型：一种原初的样式、形式或例证，是作为其后期阶段
的基础的模型。
• Trademark
• A name, symbol, or other device identifying a product, officially registered and legally restricted to the use of the
Lesson 51 Careers in Manufacturing
• Terminology • Text tour
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Terminology
• Prototype
• An original type, form, or instance that serves as a model on

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of those parts. Computerized product design requires such capabilities as computer-aided analysis, computer-aided drafting, design sensitivity analysis, or optimization. The computer-aided analysis capability serves as part of the design process and is also used as a model simulator for the finished product. Analysis may be considered especially appropriate for a product whose initial design has to be modified several times during the manufacturing process. Thus computer-aided analysis can be used as a substitute for
• 模拟装置, 仿真装置：一个进行模拟（仿真）的装置，尤指产生与实际或操作条件接近的测试条件的装置
• Terrain • 1. An area of land, ground • 地区, 地带 • 2. The surface features of an area of land, topography • 地形地势：一个地域的表面特征, 地形
3
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Text tour
The major goal of the engineering profession is to design and manufacture marketable products of high quality. Today’s industries are utilizing computers in every phase of the design, management, manufacture, and storage of their products. The process of design and manufacture, beginning with an idea and ending with a final product, is a closed-loop

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In manufacturing there have always been trade-offs between production rates and flexibility. Transfer lines are capable of high-volume runs, but they are not very flexible. [2]
5. automated materials handling system 意为“自动化物料搬运系统”。全句可译为：
柔性制造系统是由一组计算机数字控制的机床和一个为其服务的由计算机控制的具有刀具运送能力的自动化物料搬运系统而组成的。
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Flexible manufacturing system equipment, like all manufacturing equipment, must be monitored for “bugs”, malfunctions, and breakdowns. When a problem is discovered, a human troubleshooter must identify its source and prescribe corrective measures.[6]
• 成组技术：零件可以按照它们设计和生产制造中的相似性被分成零件族，然后按零件族进行生产。
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Troubleshooter
1. A worker whose job is to locate and eliminate sources of

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When viewed in this perspective, engineering research must focus primarily on removing the barriers to rapid commercialization of known technologies. Much of this effort must address quality and reliability concerns, which are foremost in the minds of today’s consumers.
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Transmission
An automotive assembly of gears and associated parts by which
power is transmitted from the engine to a driving axle, also called
gearbox 变速器：汽车上由齿轮和其它相关部件构成的一个装配体，能量通过它从发动机传到主动轴, 也作gearbox
idea is hard.
对于资金和人力都处于全球性环境中的工程界而言，缩短产品研制开发周期也是有益的。能够设计和制造各种产品的人可以在世界各地找到。但是，具有创新思想的人则比较难找。
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Today, nearly every market is a niche market, because customers are selective. If you ignore the potential for tailoring your product to specific customers’ needs, you will lose the major part of your market share perhaps all of it. Since these niche markets are transient, your company needs

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Lesson 17 Material Selection
• Terminology • Text tour
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Terminology
• Recycle • 1. To put or pass through a cycle again, as for further treatment • 再循环：为了进一步处理等需要重新进入或经过一个循环 • 2. To extract useful materials from (garbage or waste) • 废物利用：从（垃圾或废物）中提取有用物质 • 3. To extract and reuse (useful substances found in waste) • 重复利用：从（废物中找到的有用物质）提取并重新利用 • 4. To use again, especially to reprocess: • 重新使用：再次使用，特别是要再加工： • 5. To recondition and adapt to a new use or function • 改建：改变其状态并使之适应新的用途或作用
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At the functional- or engineering-design stage, a practical, workable design is developed. Fairly complete drawings are made, and materials are selected and specified for the various components. Often a prototype or working model is made that can be tested to permit evaluation of the product as to function, reliability, appearance, serviceability, and so on.

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Hydrocarbon
Any of numerous organic compounds, such as benzene and methane, that contain only carbon and hydrogen 碳氢化合物：只含有碳和氢的多种有机化合物的一种，如苯和甲烷
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消费需求可以作为激励企业提供产品的促进因素。
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The output of manufacturing system is a product. Look around you. Products of manufacture are everywhere. Goods can be classified into consumer and capital kinds.[4] 4． consumer and capital kind这里指 “consumer goods and capital goods”，意为“消费品和生产资料”。全句可译为：商品可以分成为消费品和生产资料。
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Profit is an excess that allows the payment of dividends to owners and shareholders, the purchase of new equipment and plants, and the payment of taxes.[2] 2．excess 意为“超出额，超出量”，这里指“收入超出成本的数额”。全句可译为：
consumer products.[5] 5. consumer product 意为“用于消费的产品”。全句可译为: 生产资料是制造企业购买的产品，被用来制造用于消费的产品。

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applicant for coverage or a policy • 保险业务受理人：保险代理人，他评估为保险总额或保
险单登记申请人承担的风险
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Air conditioner 空调器
Industria robot 工业机器人
Aircraft engine
另一方面，如果公众以较低的价格购买了产品，随后表示他们对使用不方便或故障修理费用的不满，是否会长期地给这家公司的其它产品带来设计质量不好和工艺质量低劣的声誉呢？
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7Hale Waihona Puke 《机械工程专业英语教程》For, if the equipment is expensive, the buyer is likely to have a staff of engineers or outside consultants who are able to assess the cost trade-offs and determine their impact on the buyer’s operations. With the robot, for example, a trade-off must be made between purchase price and production lost through
willingness to offer a longer warranty than the competition?
对空调器的可靠性要求，在很大程度上取决于消费者的心理因素。购买者在多大程度上愿意付较高的价钱以节省其后的修理或更新费用？产品价格是显而易见的，但是如何使公众对可靠性加深印象呢？具体的做法有：可以提供关于空调器特点的信息和广告，或者愿意提供比竞争对手更长的保修期。

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that will perform the needed functions.
“需要是发明之母”这句古老的谚语现在仍然是正确的。设计是从实际或者假想的需要开始的。现有的设备可能需要在耐用性、效率、重量、速度或成本等方面做进一些改进工作，也可能需要有新的设备来完成以前由人来做的工作，例如物料搬运或产品装配。当目标完全或部分被确定以后，设计工作的下一
Lesson 31 Some Rules for Mechanical Design
• Terminology
• Text tour
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Terminology
Conception 1. The ability to form or understand mental concepts and
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丝锥和板牙
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Text tour
The old saying that “necessity is the mother of invention” is still true. Designing starts with a need, real or imagined. Existing apparatus may need improvements in durability, efficiently, weight, speed, or cost. New apparatus may be needed to perform a function previously done by men, such as material handling or product assembly. With the objective wholly or partly defined, the next step in design is the conception of mechanisms and their arrangements

《机械工程专业英语教程》课文翻译

机械工程专业英语教程第一课：机械工程简介Introduction to Mechanical EngineeringSection 1: OverviewMechanical engineering is a diverse and dynamic field that encompasses the design, development, and operation of machinery, structures, and systems. This branch of engineering plays a crucial role in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, and energy.Section 2: Responsibilities and SkillsAs a mechanical engineer, your responsibilities will include designing and analyzing mechanical systems, conducting tests and experiments, and supervising the manufacturing process. You will also need to have a strong understanding of physics, mathematics, and computer-aided design (CAD). Additionally, problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work well in teams are essential.Section 3: Career OpportunitiesA degree in mechanical engineering can open up a wide range of career opportunities. You could work in research and development, product design, manufacturing, or projectmanagement. Mechanical engineers are in demand in almost every industry, ensuring a stable and rewarding career path.Section 4: University CoursesTo become a mechanical engineer, it is essential to pursue a degree in mechanical engineering from a reputable university. The curriculum typically includes courses in engineering principles, materials science, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanical design. Additionally, practical training through internships or cooperative education programs is crucial for gaining hands-on experience.Section 5: ConclusionMechanical engineering offers a challenging and rewarding career for those with a passion for solving problems and a desire to create innovative solutions. With the right education and skills, you can embark on a successful journey in the field of mechanical engineering. Remember, the possibilities are endless in this ever-evolving discipline.第二课：机械设计基础Fundamentals of Mechanical DesignSection 1: IntroductionIn this lesson, we will explore the fundamentals of mechanical design. Mechanical design involves the creation and development of physical systems and components that meet specific requirements and specifications. This processrequires a deep understanding of materials, mechanics, and engineering principles.Section 2: Design ProcessThe design process typically follows a systematic approach that includes several stages. These stages include problem identification, conceptual design, detailed design, manufacturing, and testing. Each stage involves various activities such as brainstorming, prototyping, and evaluation.Section 3: Design ConsiderationsDuring the design process, there are several important considerations to keep in mind. These include functionality, efficiency, reliability, safety, and cost-effectiveness. It is also crucial to consider the environmental impact and sustainability of the design.Section 4: Tools and SoftwareTo aid in the design process, engineers use various tools and software. Computer-aided design (CAD) software allows for precise modeling and simulation of mechanical systems. Finite element analysis (FEA) software helps in analyzing the structural integrity and performance of designs.Section 5: Case StudyTo further understand the application of mechanical design principles, we will examine a case study. This real-world example will demonstrate how the design process isimplemented to solve a specific problem and achieve desired outcomes.Section 6: ConclusionMechanical design is a critical aspect of mechanical engineering. It requires a combination of creativity, technical knowledge, and attention to detail. By mastering the fundamentals of mechanical design, you will be well-equippedto tackle complex challenges and contribute to the development of innovative solutions.以上是《机械工程专业英语教程》的课文翻译。

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materials being processed.
一些工程师进行专用工艺装备的设计，将其装在通用机床上，可以进行特定产品的生产。这些工程师们在机床、工艺能力和材料方面必须具有广泛的知识，以使机床在没有过载和损坏，而且对被加工材料没有不良影响的情况下，更为有效地完成所需要的加工工作。
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许多工程师的职责是进行产品设计，而产品是通过对材料的加工制造而生产出来的。设计工程师在选择材料、制造方法等方面起着关键的作用。一个设计工程师应该比其他的人更清楚地知道他的设计需要达到什么目的。
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Some design special tooling that is used so that standard machines can be utilized in producing specific products. These engineers must have a broad knowledge of machine and process capabilities and of materials, so that desired operations can be done effectively and efficiently without overloading or damaging machines and without adversely affecting the
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Although their roles may be quite different, it is apparent that a large proportion of engineers must concern themselves with the interrelationship between materials and manufacturing processes. Low-cost manufacture does not just happen. There is a close and interdependent relationship between the design of a product, selection of materials, selection of processes and equipment, and

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There are strong incentives to buy existing components from vendors. If the quantity to be purchased is large enough, most vendors will work with the product designer and modify existing components to meet the needs of the new product.
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Text tour
In many companies cost estimating is accomplished by a professional who specializes in determining the cost of a component whether it's made in-house or purchased from an external source. This person must be as accurate as possible in his or her estimates, as major decisions about the product
are based on these costs.
在许多公司内部的成本估算是由一个专业人员来完成的。他专门从事确定零件成本这项工作，无论这个零件是在公司内部生产的，还是从其它公司购买的。因为对于产品的决定主要是在这些估算的基础上做出的，所以这个
人必须尽可能精确地进行估算工作。
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removed.

《机械工程专业英语》PPT课件

•
•
Mechanical Engineering English
Dialogue Two
译文
• Mr. King: How about the activities in your school? • Lily: It blooms in every corner of campus.
Associations of different varieties organized by students with the same interest develop various popular activities such as Foreign Languages Festival and Computer Science Festival.
Mechanical Engineering English
• • • • • •
interrelate [ .intə(:)ri'leit ] v. 互相关连,相关 ecology [ i(:)'kɔlədʒi ] n. 生态学 reinstate [ 'ri:in'steit ] v. 恢复; vt. 使恢复原有的职位 assurance [ ə'ʃuərəns ] n. 保证,确信,保险 thrust [ θrʌst ] n. 推力,刺,力推; v. 插入,推挤,刺 incorporate [ in'kɔ:pəreit ] a. 合并的,公司组织的,具体化的; v. 合并,组成公司,具体表现
Mechanical Engineering English
Lesson 3
机械工程专业英语
Mechanical Engineering Design

机械工程专业英语PPT课件

Bearing
A device that supports, guides, and reduces the friction of
motion between fixed and moving machine parts. 轴承：在机器的固定和运动部件之间起支撑、引导和减少运动摩擦的装置。
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Lesson 1 Basic Concept in Mechanics
Terminology 术语,专有名词
[,tə:mi'nɔlədʒi]
Text tour
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Terminology
Gear 齿轮, 传动装置
1.A toothed machine part, that meshes with another toothed part to transmit motion or to change speed or direction. 齿轮：有齿的机器零件，与另一个有齿零件相啮合，从而传递运动或者改变运动的方向或速度。
唐一平主编：《先进制造技术》北京：机械工业出版社，2004；
王慧莉，贾卫国编《国际学术交流英语》大连：大连理工大学出版社，2005
主要教学内容
Lesson 1 Basic Concept in Mechanics Lesson 2 Forces and Their Effects Lesson 3 Overview of Engineering Mechanics Lesson 4 Shafts and Couplings Lesson 5 Shafts and Associated Parts Lesson 6 Belts, Clutches, Brakes, and Chains Lesson 7 Fasteners and Springs Lesson 14 Physical Properties of Materials Lesson 29 Tolerances and Surface Roughness Lesson 35 Coordinate Measuring Machine Lesson 36 Lathes

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of the workpiece material.
2. tightly focused意为“紧聚焦的”。全句可译为：由于加热时采用了紧聚焦的激光束，加热仅限于实际切削区周围。
Cryogenic machining technique. Water or oil based coolants have traditionally been used to reduce the heat generated during the machining process.[3] However, they have several drawbacks, including mist collection, workpiece contamination,
能力。
• Hard turning 硬态车削
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Ceramic inserts and indexable turning tools
陶瓷刀片和可转位车刀
Coolant ( Cutting fluid) The prime functions of a cutting fluid are to provide both cooling and lubrication. In addition, good cutting fluids prolong cutting tool life and provide rust control.
in Fig. 39.2).[4] 4. liquid nitrogen意为“液氮”。全句可译为：在车削加工过程中，通过低温切削液传输系统将-195oC的液氮直接喷射到刀片上（如图39.2所示）。
This raises insert hardness, which significantly reduces the thermal softening effect that an insert may experience as a result of hard turning's inherent high cutting temperatures. In Fig. 39.2, the white on the tool is frost produced by the low temperature,

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• Internal gear 内齿轮, 齿圈（也称为annular gear ）
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Helical gear 斜齿轮
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《机械工程专业英语教程》Hb 滚刀42020/11/13
《机械工程专业英语教程》
• Worm 蜗杆 Worm wheel 蜗轮 • Worm gear • 1. A gear consisting of a spirally threaded shaft and a wheel
with marginal teeth that mesh into it • 蜗轮蜗杆副 • 2. The toothed wheel of this gear, a worm wheel • 蜗轮
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
• Broach 拉刀
拉齿
• Swarf • Fine metallic filings or shavings removed by a cutting tool. • 小铁屑：用锉或剃等加工方法去除的细小金属屑。
• 砂轮修整：使砂轮表面磨钝的磨粒上产生新的锋利的切削刃，使其能够更有效地进行切削工作。
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Text tour
Gear planing uses a reciprocating rack, stroking in the direction of the helix on a gear with a gradual generation of form as the rack effectively rolls round the gear blank. The rack is relieved out of contact for the return stroke as in normal shaping or planing.
刨齿采用往复运动的齿条刀，当齿条刀绕齿轮坯料滚切并沿其螺旋线方向运动时，齿形就会被逐渐展成。与普通的刨削加工相同，在回程中齿条刀与齿轮脱离接触。
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
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Gear shaping is inherently similar to gear planing but uses a circular cutter instead of a rack and the resulting reduction in the reciprocating inertia allows much higher stroking speeds.
Lesson 38 Gear Manufacturing Methods
• Terminology
• Text tour
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
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Terminology
• Annular • Shaped like or forming a ring. • 环形的，轮状的：形状像环或形成环状。
required.
滚齿是最常见的金属切削方法。它采用齿条展成原理，
但是通过安装在旋转刀具上的许多“齿条”来避免缓慢
的往复运动。这些“齿条”轴向排布，形成了有缝的蜗
杆。由于滚刀和工件均不作往复运动，因此滚齿加工时
的
金
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
插齿加工在本质上与刨齿加工类似，只是采用了圆形刀具来取代齿条刀。
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
For helical gears, a helical guide is required to impose a rotational motion on the stroking motion; such helical guides cannot be produced easily or cheaply so the method is only suitable for long runs with helical gears since special cutters and guides must be manufactured for each different helix angle.
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
• Dressing
• Dressing is the process of conditioning worn grains on the surface of a grinding wheel by producing sharp new edges on grains so that they can cut more efficiently.
加工斜齿轮时，需要有一个能够产生绕插齿运动行程本身旋转的螺旋导轨。这种螺旋导轨不易制造，或者说其制造成本较高。由于对每一种不同螺旋角的齿轮，应该制造不同参数的插齿刀和螺旋导轨，因此这种方法仅适用于斜齿轮的大批量加工。
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
Gear hobbing, the most used metal cutting method, uses the rack generating principle but avoids slow reciprocation by mounting many “racks” on a rotating cutter. The “racks” are displaced axially to form a gashed worm. Metal removal rates are high since no reciprocation of hob or workpiece is
A gear shaving cutter looks like a gear which has extra clearance at the root (for swarf and coolant removal) and whose tooth flanks have been grooved to give cutting edges. It is run in mesh with the rough gear with crossed axes so that there is in theory point contact with a relative velocity along