数学常用词汇中英文对照——数学词汇整理

数学中英名词对照表以下是一些常见的数学中英名词对照表：1.数学(Mathematics):2.代数(Algebra):•代数方程(Algebraic equation)•多项式(Polynomial)•因子(Factor)•等式(Equation)•变量(Variable)•系数(Coefficient)3.几何(Geometry):•图形(Figure)•角度(Angle)•直线(Line)•圆(Circle)•面积(Area)•体积(Volume)•对称(Symmetry)4.统计学(Statistics):•数据(Data)•平均数(Mean)•中位数(Median)•众数(Mode)•标准差(Standard deviation)•概率(Probability)•抽样(Sampling)5.微积分(Calculus):•导数(Derivative)•积分(Integration)•极限(Limit)•微分方程(Differential equation)•曲线(Curve)•点斜式(Point-slope form)6.线性代数(Linear Algebra):•矩阵(Matrix)•行列式(Determinant)•向量(Vector)•特征值(Eigenvalue)•线性方程组(System of linear equations)•范数(Norm)7.数论(Number Theory):•质数(Prime number)•最大公约数(Greatest common divisor, GCD)•最小公倍数(Least common multiple, LCM)•同余(Congruence)•素因数分解(Prime factorization)8.逻辑学(Logic):•命题(Proposition)•范式(Normal form)•谓词(Predicate)•推理(Inference)•命题逻辑(Propositional logic)•谓词逻辑(Predicate logic)这只是数学中的一小部分术语对照表，数学领域非常广泛，涵盖了许多分支和专业术语。

数学术语中英对照代数ALGEBRA1. 数论natural number 自然数positive number 正数negative number 负数odd integer, oddnumber 奇数even integer, even number 偶数integer, whole number 整数positivewhole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数realnumber, rational number 实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse 倒数compositenumber 合数e.g. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15… prime number 质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal 倒数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(minimum) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子ordinary scale, decimalscale 十进制nonnegative 非负的tens 十位units 个位mode 众数mean平均数median中值commonratio 公比2. 基本数学概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值weighted average 加权平均值geometric mean 几何平均数exponent指数，幂base 乘幂的底数,底边cube 立方数，立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm常用对数digit 数字constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementaryfunction 余函数linear 一次的，线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 round off 四舍五入数学3. 基本运算add，plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除dividend 被除数，红利divisor 因子，除数，公约数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号round to 四舍五入to the nearest 四舍五入4. 代数式，方程，不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程，等价方程linear equation 线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5. 分数，小数proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数mixed number 带分数vulgarfraction，common fraction 普通分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数numerator 分子denominator 分母(least) common denominator （最小）公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenths unit 十分位6.集合union 并集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列8. 其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆) 顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数directproportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计，近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位几何GEOMETRY1. 角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplementary angles 补角complementaryangle 余角adjacent angle 邻角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角2. 三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形right triangle 直角三角形oblique 斜三角形inscribed triangle 内接三角形3. 收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形polygon 多边形parallelogram 平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane 平面square 正方形，平方rectangle 长方形regular polygon 正多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4. 其它平面图形arc 弧line, straight line 直线line segment 线段parallel lines 平行线segment of acircle 弧形5. 立体图形cube 立方体，立方数rectangular solid 长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone 圆锥sphere 球体solid 立体的6. 图形的附属概念plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect 平分circumscribe 外切inscribe内切intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理（毕达哥拉斯定理）congruent全等的multilateral 多边的altitude 高depth 深度side 边长circumference, perimeter周长radian 弧度surface area 表面积volume 体积arm 直角三角形的股cross section 横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径angle bisector 角平分线diagonal 对角线化edge 棱face of a solid 立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side 夹边leg三角形的直角边median（三角形的）中线base 底边，底数（e.g. 2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. 坐标coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点abscissa 横坐标ordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率complex plane 复平面。

数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent 美分penny 一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime 一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter 米micron 微米inch 英寸foot 英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squaremeasure 平方单位制cubicmeter 立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation 折旧down payment 直接付款discount 打折margin 利润profit 利润interest 利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了increase to 增加到increase by 增加了denote 表示list price 标价markup 涨价per capita 每人ratio 比率retail price 零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表以下是高等数学中常用术语的中英文对照一览表：中文术语英文术语极限 Limit连续 Continuity导数 Derivative可导性 Derivability不可导点 Non-derivable point原函数 Antiderivative function不定积分 Indefinite integral定积分 Definite integral微分 Differential偏导数 Partial derivative全微分 Total differential高阶导数 High-order derivative洛必达法则 L'Hospital's rule泰勒级数 Taylor series无穷小量 Infinitesimal quantity无穷大量 Infinity收敛性 Convergence发散性 Divergence积分中值定理 Integral mean value theorem 零点定理 Zero point theorem介值定理 Intermediate value theorem函数的单调性 Monotonicity of function函数的凹凸性 Concavity/convexity of function 函数的极值 Extreme value of function函数的拐点 Inflection point of function函数的渐近线 Asymptote of function矩阵 Matrix行列式 Determinant线性方程组 Linear system of equations线性代数 Linear algebra二次型 Quadratic form特征值与特征向量 Eigenvalue and eigenvector 正交矩阵 Orthogonal matrix向量空间 Vector space线性变换 Linear transformation向量的模长 Length of vector向量的点积 Dot product of vectors 向量的叉积 Cross product of vectors。

数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1centpennynickel5dime dozen 打（12 score 廿(20个)CentigradeFahrenheitquartgallon 加仑(1gallon=4quart)yardmetermicroninchfootminute 分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasurecubicmeterpint 品脱(干量或液量的单位) 2. intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year 平年(365天)depreciationdown paymentdiscountmarginprofitinterestsimple interestcompounded interestdividenddecrease todecrease byincrease toincrease bydenotelist price markup涨per capitaratioretail price tie 打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers 正整数集the set of all positive integers 整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers 实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element 属于belong to不属于not belong to 有限集finite set 无限集infinite set 空集empty set包含inclusion, include 包含于lie in 子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set 全集universe 交集intersection 并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers 奇数集the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective 或or 且and 非not 真true 假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition 逆命题converse proposition 否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition 必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

数学术语英文对照表在学习数学时，不可避免地需要掌握一些数学术语。

下面是一些常见的数学术语的中英文对照表：1. 数学 Mathematics2. 数学符号 Mathematical symbol3. 数字 Digit4. 字符 Character5. 算术 Arithmetic6. 代数 Algebra7. 几何 Geometry8. 统计学 Statistics9. 概率 Probability10. 三角学 Trigonometry11. 微积分 Calculus12. 矩阵 Matrix13. 向量 Vector14. 线性代数 Linear algebra15. 数学模型 Mathematical model16. 方程 Equation17. 垂直 Perpendicular18. 平行 Parallel19. 正比例 Direct proportion20. 反比例 Inverse proportion21. 旋转 Rotation22. 缩放 Scaling23. 变形 Deformation24. 函数 Function25. 极限 Limit26. 微分 Differential27. 积分 Integral28. 中心 Central29. 对称 Symmetry30. 相似 Similarity31. 等式 Equality32. 不等式 Inequality33. 方形 Rectangle34. 正方形 Square35. 圆 Circle36. 椭圆 Ellipse37. 球球体 Sphere38. 三角形 Triangle39. 直角三角形 Right triangle40. 等腰三角形 Isosceles triangle41. 等边三角形 Equilateral triangle42. 直线 Line43. 射线 Ray44. 线段 Line segment45. 弧 Arc46. 正弦 Sine47. 余弦 Cosine48. 正切 Tangent49. 余切 Cotangent50. 弦 Chord总之，数学术语是数学学习的基础，掌握数学术语对于提高数学能力以及学好数学至关重要。

数学常用词汇中英文对照数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline 数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe 外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的1、单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit 利润interest利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by减少了increase to 增加到increase by增加了denote 表示list price标价markup涨价per capita 每人ratio比率retail price零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers 自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set 全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers 奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是……… if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function 映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval 反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数列infinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series公差common difference等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base 基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean 几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式 gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数 objective function 可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

算术的基础词汇对照表和sum差difference积product商quotient加法addition减法subtraction乘法multiplication除法division余数remainder符号sign实数real number整数integers自然数natural numbers有理数rational number无理数irrational number分数fractions分子numerator分母denominator正positive负negative零zero无限大infinity复素数complex number复素平面complex plane实数部real part虚数部imaginary part绝対值absolute value, modulus 总和summation定数constant系数coefficient变量variable函数function演算operation平方square(d)立方cube(d)平方根square root立方根cubic root乘power比率ratio比例proportional (to)方程式equation根、解root, solution等式equality不等式inequality右边right-hand side左边left-hand side等于equal to大于（小于）greater than ～(less than ～)～以上（以下）greater than or equal to ～(less than or equal to ～)无限infinite有限finite输入input输出output代入substitute变换transform存在exist假定assume证明prove分析analyze代数演算的词汇对照线性演算linear operation因数factor因数分解factorization因数分解factorize对数logarithm对数的底base一次結合linear combination一维空间one-dimensional spaceｎ维空间n-dimensional space向量空间vector space维数dimension次数degree欧几里得空间Euclidean space非线性non-linear非齐次inhomogeneous复数平面complex plane齐次函数homogeneous function联立方程式simultaneous equations矩阵matrix （[pl.] matrices）行row列column逆矩阵matrix inverse矩阵转置transpose of matrix线性无关linearly independent线性相关linearly dependent特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特征值问题eigenvalue problem行列式determinant迹trace阶数rank对角矩阵diagonal matrix对角元素diagonal elements非对角元素off-diagonal elements对角化diagonalize成员component内积inner product微积分、解析词汇对照连续函数continuous function微分differentiate微分differential可微分differentiable微分算子differential operator差分difference导数derived function, derivative微分方程differential equation常微分方程ordinary differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation微分方程组simultaneous differential equations 平凡解general solution特殊解particular solution拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier常数项constant term积分integrate积分integral可积integrable不定积分indefinite integral定积分definite integral任意常数arbitrary constant展开expandMaclaurin展开Maclaurin expansionTaylor展开Taylor expansion极大值maximal value极小值minimal value最大值maximum ([pl. ] maxima)最小值minimum （[pl. ] minima)测度measure可测measurable函数的functional拓扑词汇对照拓扑topology・相对拓扑relative topology・弱拓扑weak topology・离散拓扑discrete topology扩张extension限制restriction分离公理separation axiom求和公理axiom of countability可数集合countable set范数norm距离metric, distance距离空间metric space收敛converge・一致收敛uniform（ly）・逐点收敛pointwise发散diverge闭集合closed set开集合open set闭包closure极限点point of closure内点inner point邻域neighborhood过滤器filter局部locally极限limit基本列fundamental sequence Cauchy列Cauchy sequence子列subsequence连续continuous・一致连续uniformly continuous・同等连续equicontinuous紧compact紧化compactification有限交性finite intersection property 有限覆盖finite covering一致uniformly完备complete上界upper bound下界lower bound有界bounded全有界totally bounded上限least upper bound(L.U.B.), supremum (sup) 下限greatest lower bound(G.L.B.), infimum (inf) 稠密dense可分separable连接connectedHilbert空间Hilbert spaceBanach空间Banach space同胚homeomorphic数学的一般理论词汇英文对照科学science算术arithmetic几何学geometry代数algebra微积分calculus解析学analysis概率论probability theory统计学statistics方法method分析analysis逻辑logic理论theory定义definition命题proposition假说hypothesis公理axiom要件postulate定理theorem证明proof假定assumption结论conclusion证明终止Q.E.D. (quod erat demonstrundum)引理lemma系corollary反例counter-example反证法reductio ad absurdum对偶contraposition逆converse恒等式identity英语文献常用词及其缩写Abstracts Abstr. 文摘Abbreviation 缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴，年度Semi-Annual 半年度Annual Review 年评Appendix Appx 附录Archives 文献集Association Assn 协会Author 作者Bibliography 书目，题录Biological Abstract BA 生物学文摘Bulletin 通报，公告Chemical Abstract CA 化学文摘Citation Cit 引文，题录Classification 分类，分类表College Coll. 学会，学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Company Co. 公司Content 目次Co-term 配合词，共同词Cross-references 相互参见Digest 辑要，文摘Directory 名录，指南Dissertations Diss. 学位论文Edition Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerpta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyclopedia 百科全书The Engineering Index Ei 工程索引Et al 等等European Patent Convertion EPC 欧洲专利协定Federation 联合会Gazette 报，公报Guide 指南Handbook 手册Heading 标题词Illustration Illus. 插图Index 索引Cumulative Index 累积索引Index Medicus IM 医学索引Institute Inst. 学会、研究所International Patent Classification IPC 国际专利分类法International Standard Book Number ISBN 国际标准书号International Standard Series Number ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue 期（次）Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual 手册Medical Literature Analysis and MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrieval SystemMedical Subject Headings MeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers 论文Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT 国际专利合作条约Precision Ratio 查准率Press 出版社Procceedings Proc. 会报、会议录Progress 进展Publication Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio 查全率Record 记录、记事Report 报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstracts SA 科学文摘Section Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selective Dissemination of Information SDI 定题服务Seminars 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Society 学会Source 来源、出处Subheadings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supplement Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey 概览Symposium Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesaurus 叙词表、词库Title 篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transactions 学报、汇刊Volume Vol. 卷World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO 世界知识产权World Patent Index WPI 世界专利索引Yearbook 年鉴一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number虚数imaginary number 复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE) 重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE) 内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram高等数学词汇Aabbreviation 简写符号；简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accuracy 准确度acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) （概率）加法定律additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic operation 代数运算alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 交错弓形altitude 高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直?与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线?；分角线?angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角annum(X% per annum) 年（年利率X%）anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of symmetry 对称轴Bback substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线?base number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图bias 偏差；偏倚binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial expression 二项式bisect 平分；等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisector 等分线?；平分线? boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图Ccalculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器cancel 消法；相消canellation law 消去律capacity 容量Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面category 类型；范畴central line 中线?central tendency 集中趋centre 中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换chart 图；图表checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆class 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise dirction 顺时针方向closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线?collinear planes 共线面column (1)列；纵行；(2) 柱combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangetn 公切? commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图complement 余；补余complementary angle 余角complementary event 互补事件complementary probability 互补概率completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex root 复数根composite number 复合数；合成数compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利；复利息computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句；条件式cone 锥；圆锥（体）congruence (1)全等；(2)同余congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形cconjugate 共轭consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数；相邻数consequence 结论；推论consequent 条件；后项consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的；相容的constant 常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constraint 约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例contradiction 矛盾converse 逆(定理)converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理；系；推论correct to 准确至；取值至correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角；(2)对应角corresponding sides 对应边cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数；计数criterion 准则critical point 临界点cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面；横截面；截痕cube 正方体；立方；立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方；立方；三次(的)cubic equation 三次方程cuboid 长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative frequecy 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲?cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curve 曲线?curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线?curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cylinder 柱；圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的Ddata 数据decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distrivutive law 分配律divide 除dividend (1)被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形dot 点double root 二重根due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北definiton 定义degree (1)度；(2)次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of precision 精确度delete 删除；删去denary number 十进数denary scale 十进法denary system 十进制denominator 分母dependence (1)相关；(2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件；相依事件；从属事件dependent variable 应变量；应变数depreciation 折旧descending order 递降序descending powers of X X的降序detached coefficients 分离系数(法)deviation 偏差；变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角?diagram 图；图表diameter 直径difference 差digit 数字dimension 量；量网；维(数)direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变（分）directed angle 有向角directed number 有向数direction 方向；方位discontinuous 间断(的)；非连续(的)；不连续(的) discount 折扣discount per cent 折扣百分率discrete 分立；离散discrete data 离散数据；间断数据discriminant 判别式dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证Eedge 棱；边elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率enclosure 界限end point 端点entire surd 整方根equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns(variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)extreme value 极值equidistant 等距(的)equilaeral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equivalent 等价(的)error 误差escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量Euler's formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值；预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率exponent 指数express…in terms of….. 以………表达expression 式；数式extension 外延；延长；扩张；扩充exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角?external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点Fface 面factor 因子；因式；商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解FALSE 假(的)feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat’s last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形)；(2)数字finite 有限finite population 有限总体finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点flow chart 流程图foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xform 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula(formulae) 公式four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形；频率多边形frustum 平截头体function 函数function of function 复合函数；迭函数functional notation 函数记号Ggain 增益；赚；盈利gain per cent 赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项geoborad 几何板geometric mean 几何平均数；等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定；已知golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示；以图样表达graphical solution 图解greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组；?grouped data 分组数据；分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子Hhalf closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子；最高公因式；最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图；直方图；矩形图horizontal 水平的；水平horizontal line 横线?；水平线?hyperbola 双曲线?hypotenuse 斜边Iidentical 全等；恒等identity 等（式）identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当；若且仅若if…., then 若….则；如果…..则illustration 例证；说明image 像点；像imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary root 虚根implication 蕴涵式；蕴含式imply 蕴涵；蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数inclination 倾角；斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusive 包含的；可兼的inconsistent 不相的(的)；不一致(的)increase 递增；增加increasing function 递增函数interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角internal bisector 内分角?internal division 内分割internal point of division 内分点inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集；(2)相交；(3)交点interval 区间intuition 直观invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的；(2)不变量；不变式inverse 反的；逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数；逆函数inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例；逆比例inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分)；逆变(分)irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isosceles triangle 等腰三角形increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量independence 独立；自变independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量；独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数；未定系数indeterminate form 待定型；不定型index,indices 指数；指index notation 指数记数法inequality 不等式；不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限；无穷infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列；无穷序列infinite series 无限级数；无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小；无穷小infinity 无限(大)；无穷(大)initial point 始点；起点initial side 始边initial value 初值；始值input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的integer 整数integral index 整数指数integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值intercept 截距；截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角Jjoint variation 联变(分)；连变(分)Kknown 己知LL.H.S. 末项law 律；定律law of indices 指数律；指数定律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；最低公倍式least value 最小值lemma 引理length 长(度)letter 文字；字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limit 极限line 线；行line of best-fit 最佳拟合?line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直?；最大斜率?line of intersection 交线?line segment 线段linear 线性；一次linear equation 线性方程；一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程；二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式；线性不等式linear programming 线性规划literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论；逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loss 赔本；亏蚀loss per cent 赔率；亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数Mmagnitude 量；数量；长度；大小major arc 优弧；大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形；大扇形major segment 优弓形；大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数；对数的定值部many-sided figure 多边形marked price 标价mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值)；平均数；中数mean deviation 中均差；平均偏差measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度median (1)中位数；(2)中线?meet 相交；相遇mensuration 计量；求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of substitution 代换法；换元法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值minor (1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minor arc 劣弧；小弧minor axis 短轴minor sector 劣扇形；小扇形minor segment 劣弓形；小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型monomial 单项式multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative property 可乘性multiplier 乘数；乘式multiply 乘mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直?Nn factorial n阶乘n th root n次根；n次方根natural number 自然数negative 负negative angle 负角negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)n-gon n边形nonagon 九边形non-collinear 不共线?non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零normal (1)垂直的；正交的；法线的(2)正态的(3)正常的；正规的normal curve 正态分记?伲怀１分记?伲徽?媲?伲徽?忧?? normal distribution 正态分布，常态分布normal form 法线式notation 记法；记号number 数number line 数线?number pair 数偶number pattern 数型number plane 数平面number system 数系numeral 数字；数码numeral system 记数系统numerator 分子numerical 数值的；数字的numerical expression 数字式numerical method 计算方法；数值法Ooblique 斜的oblique cone 斜圆锥oblique triangle 斜三角形obtuse angle 钝角obtuse-angled triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八边形octahedron 八面体odd function 奇函数odd number 奇数one-one correspondence 一一对应open interval 开区间open sentence 开句operation 运算opposite angle 对角opposite interior angle 内对角opposite side 对边optimal solution 最优解order (1)序；次序；(2)阶；级ordered pair 序偶origin 原点outcome 结果output 输出overlap 交迭；相交Pparabola 拋物线?parallel 平行(的)parallel lines 平行(直线) parallelogram 平行四边形parameter 参数；参变量partial fraction 部分分数；分项分式polar coordinate system 极坐标系统polar coordinates 极坐标pole 极polygon 多边形polyhedron 多面体polynomial 多项式polynomial equation 多项式方程positive 正positive index 正指数positive integer 正整数positive number 正数power (1)幂；乘方；(2)功率；(3)检定力precise 精密precision 精确度prime 素prime factor 质因子；质因素prime number 素数；质数primitive (1)本原的；原始的；(2)原函数principal (1)主要的；(2)本金prism 梭柱(体)；角柱(体)prismoid 平截防庾短?probability 概率problem 应用题produce 延长product 乘积；积product rule 积法则profit 盈利profit per cent 盈利百分率profits tax 利得税progression 级数proof 证(题)；证明proper fraction 真分数property 性质property tax 物业税proportion 比例proportional 成比例protractor 量角器pyramid 棱锥(体)；角锥(体) Pythagoras’ Theorem 勾股定理Pythagorean triplet 毕氏三元数组partial sum 部分和partial variation 部分变(分) particular solution 特解Pascal’s triangle 帕斯卡斯三角形pattern 模型；规律pegboard 有孔版pentadecagon 十五边形pentagon 五边形per cent 百分率percentage 百分法；百分数percentage decrease 百分减少percentage error 百分误差percentage increase 百分增加percentile 百分位数perfect number 完全数perfecr square 完全平方perimeter 周长；周界period 周期periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列。

常用数学用语的英语表达（精排版）常用加减乘除的英语表达A 加B 等于 CIf you add A to B, you get C.If you add A and B, you get C.A 与B 的和是 CA andB are make C.The sum of A and B is C.A plusB equals C.A 减B 等于 CIf you take B from A, you get C.B minus A equals C.A 与B 之差为 CThe difference between B and A is C.A 乘B 等于 CA timesB is equals C.B multiplied by A equals C.A 与B 的积为 CThe proudct of A and B is C.A 除以B 等于 CIf you divide A by B, the answer is C.If you divide B into A, the answer is C.A divided byB equals C.比较两个数字大小的英语表达：A 大于 BA is greater than B.A is more than B.A 小于BA is less than B.平方、立方及四次方的英语表达：A 的平方等于B The square of A is B.A 的立方等于B The cube of A is B.A 的四次方等于B The fourth power of A is equals B.A 的平方根为 BThe square root of A is B.A 的立方根为 BThe cube root of A is B.正比反比的英语表达：A 与B 成正比A is in direct proportion to B.A 与B 成反比A is in inverse proportion to B.两直线平行或垂直的英语表达：直线AB 平行于直线CDLine AB is parallel to Line CD直线AB 垂直于直线CDLine AB is perpendicular to Line CD 有关数学运算加 add,plus减 subtract差 difference乘 multiply,times积 product除 divide可被整除的 divisible被整除 dividedevenly被除数 dividend因子,除数 divisor商 quotient余数 remainder阶乘 factorial乘方 power根号 radicalsign,rootsign四舍五入 roundto四舍五入 tothenearest有关集合并集 union真子集 proper subset解集 solution set有关代数式、方程和不等式代数项 algebraic term同类项 like terms,similar terms数字系数 numerical coefficient字母系数 literal coefficient不等式 inequality三角不等式 triangle inequality值域 range原方程 original equation同解方程，等价方程 equivalent equation线性方程 linear equation有关分数和小数真分数 proper fraction假分数 improper fraction带分数 mixed number普通分数 vulgar fraction,common fraction简分数 simple fraction繁分数 complex fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator *(最小)公分母 (least)common denominator 四分之一 quarter纯小数 decimal fraction无穷小数 infinite decimal循环小数 recurring decimal十分位 tenthsunit基本概念算术平均值 arithmetic mean加权平均值 weighted average几何平均数 geometric mean指数，幂 exponent乘幂的底数，底边 base立方数，立方体 cube平方根 square root立方根 cube root常用对数 common logarithm数字 digit常数 constant反函数 inversefunction余函数 complementary function一次的，线性的 linear因式分解 factorization绝对值 absolute value四舍五入 round off有关数论自然数 natural number正数 positive number负数 negative number奇数 odd integer,odd number偶数 even integer,even number整数 integer,whole number正整数 positive whole number负整数 negative whole number连续整数 consecutive number实数，有理数 real number,rational number无理数 irrational (number)倒数 inverse倒数 reciprocal合数 composite number e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15......质数 prime number e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15......公约数 common divisor倍数 multiple(最小)公倍数 (least)common multiple(质)因子 (prime)factor公因子 common factor十进制 ordinary scale,decimal scale非负的 nonnegative十位 tens个位 units众数 mode中数 median公比 common ratio数列等差数列 arithmetic progression(sequence)等比数列 geometric progression(sequence)近似 approximate(逆)顺时针方向 (anti) clockwise正比 direct proportion不同的 distinct估计，近似 estimation括号 parentheses比例 proportion排列 permutation组合 combination表格 table三角函数 trigonometric function单位 unit几何部分常用术语立方 one cubic平方米 one square metre几何 geomet ry点 point线 line面 plane直线 a straight曲线 curved line近似值 an approximate value垂直线 a vertical水平线 a horizontal line三角形的底 the base of a triangle三角形的两个腰 the two sides of a triangle直角 a rigt angle锐角 an acute angle钝角 an obtuse angle长方形 a rectangle正方形 a square多边形 a polygon圆心 the centre of a circle圆的直径 the diameter of a circle圆的半径 the radius of a circle半圆 a semicircle弧 an arc圆柱体 a cylinder球体 a spheroid平面几何 plane geometry三角学 trigonometry外切 circumscribe内切 inscribe相交 intersect垂直 perpendicular勾股定理 pythagorean theorem全等的 congruent多边的 multilateral所有的角内错角 alternate angle同位角 corresponding angle对顶角 vertical angle圆心角 central angle内角 interior angle外角 exterior angle补角 supplement aryangles余角 complement aryangle邻角 adjacent angle锐角 acute angle钝角 obtuse angle直角 right angle周角 round angle平角 straight angle夹角 included angle所有的三角形等边三角形 equilateral triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isosceles triangle直角三角形 right triangle斜三角形 oblique内接三角形 inscribed triangle有关收敛的平面图形(除三角形外)半圆 semicircle同心圆 concentric circles四边形 quadrilateral五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon十边形 decagon多边形 polygon平行四边形 parallelogram等边形 equilateral平面 plane正方形，平方 square长方形 rectangle正多边形 regular polygon菱形 rhombus梯形 trapezoid其它平面图形弧 arc直线 line,straight line线段 line segment平行线 parallel lines弧形 segment of a circle有关立体图形立方体，立方数 cube长方体 rectangular solid正多面体 regular solid/regular polyhedron圆柱体 circular cylinder圆锥 cone球体 sphere立体的 solid有关图形上的附属物高 altitude深度 depth边长 side周长 circumference,perimeter弧度 radian表面积 surface area体积 volume直角三角形的股 arm横截面 cros ssection圆心 center of acircle弦 chord半径 radius角平分线 angle bisector对角线 diagonal立体的面 face of a solid斜边 hypotenuse夹边 included side三角形的直角边 leg三角形的中线 medianofatriangle底边，底数 base(e.g.2 的5 次方，2 就是底数)直角三角形中的对边 opposite中点 midpoint端点 endpoint顶点 vertex(复数形式vertices)切线的 tangent截线 transversal截距 intercept有关坐标坐标系 coordinate system直角坐标系 rectangular coordinate原点 origin横坐标 abscissa纵坐标 ordinate数轴 numberline象限 quadrant斜率 slope复平面 complex plane其他单位类美分 cent一美分硬币 penny五美分硬币 nickel一角硬币 dime打(12 个) dozen廿(20 个) score摄氏 Centigrade华氏 Fahrenheit夸脱 quart加仑 gallon(1gallon=4quart)码 yard米 meter微米 micron分 minute( 角度的度量单位 60 分=1 度)平方单位制 squaremeasure立方米 cubicmeter品脱 pint(干量或液量的单位)有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业闰年(366 天)intercalary year(leapyear)平年(365 天) common year折旧 depreciation直接付款 down payment打折 discount利润 margin利润 profit利息 interest单利 simple interest复利 compounded interest红利 dividend减少到 decrease to减少了 decrease by增加到 increase to增加了 increase by表示 denote标价 list price涨价 markup每人 per capita比率 ratio零售价 retail price打平 tie。