英语练习题[1]

英语单项选择（50题）练习题及答案解析含解析(1)一、选择题1．—What________exciting news report Tom wrote! I think I should read it to all of you.—Really? What________good advice it is!A．\; a B．an; a C．an; \ D．\; \二、选择题2．Teachers use ________ knowledge to help children become intelligent teenagers.A．they B．them C．their D．theirs3．I can take good care of myself. I do not depend on ________.A．anybody B．everybody C．nothing D．something三、选择题4．—Can you describe what Mr. Green’s daughter is like?— Oh, she has the very ______ of Mr. Green. I’m sure you can know her at the first sight. A．photo B．voice C．look D．taste5．— Do you stay up at night and get up late in the morning just like me?—Never. I think you’d better break that_________.A．habit B．project C．ability D．advice6．As a student, getting up early and being afraid of missing the first school bell may be common ________ for you. But thanks to new rules, you can stay in bed longer than before.A．signs B．symbols C．experiences D．expressions四、选择题7．Sadly the number of the tigers is getting ________.A．more and more B．fewer and fewer C．smaller and smaller D．less and less8．I like collecting old stamps because they are ________.A．simple B．valuable C．impossible D．natural 9．—Jack is such a ________ person that everyone likes him.—He is. He always offers a hand when his neighbours are in trouble.A．curious B．confident C．helpful D．serious五、选择题10．—Hi, Mom directed by Jia ling is a hit ________ this year.—It really is. It shows us the deep love between a mother and a daughter.A．/ B．in C．on D．at11．The girl is ________ a singer ________ everyone in her hometown.A．well known as; for B．well-know as; toC．well known as; to D．best known for; for12．My family is always ___________ me no matter what I decide to do. That makes me very pleased.A．above B．behind C．against D．through六、选择题13．—Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.—Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll _______ my cigarette.A．put in B．put up C．put out D．put on 14．Sometimes results will just ________ opposite of our wish. We need to accept them anyway. A．carry out B．break out C．run out D．turn out七、选择题15．Exercise is helpful but it ________ be regular (规律的) exercise.A．must B．may C．can D．need 16．—Have you decided to take up teaching as career after graduation?—I ________ go abroad for further education instead. But it depends.A．must B．should C．may D．shall八、选择题17．I found cooking________ great fun. ________ fantastic time we had cooking all kinds of delicious food during the long winter holiday!A．so, What a B．such, How C．so a, What D．such, What a 18．--__________wonderful China Dinosaurs Park is!--Yes, it is the pride of the people in Changzhou.A．What B．How C．What a D．How a九、选择题19．—I'm looking forward to the film A Road To Spring. ________ will it be first shown?—________ the 28th August, 2020.A．When; Until B．When; Not until C．How long; Until D．How long; Not until 十、选择题20．Your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes on Meituan.A．cancels B．is cancelled C．will cancel D．will be cancelled 21．The villagers expect that the bridge_______before the rainy season comes.A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 22．—My father works in Shanghai. It takes him much time to go home every month.—Don’t worry. It’ll be easier and q uicker after Taizhou High-Speed Rail Station _______. A．builds B．is built C．will build D．will be built十一、选择题23．I _____ for the airport to catch the flight at 6 pm. Please send the file to me within ten minutes.A．am leaving B．have left C．was leaving D．had left 24．Kimberly ______ an article, so don’t disturb her.A．would write B．writes C．wrote D．is writing 25．The aging population _____ each day .There must be some kind of interesting activity for the old.A．has grown B．grew C．will grow D．is growing26．—Hello! May I speak to Tom?—One moment! He _______ an e-mail.A．is sending B．sent C．sends D．was sending 27．—You look absent-minded. ________you ________someone?—Yes. An old friend of mine is coming. We haven't seen each other for a long time.A．Do; expect B．Are; expecting C．Were; expecting D．Did; expect十二、选择题28．The team met a lot of difficulties, ______ they never gave up and won the game at last. A．or: B．and C．but D．so29．You should return the digital camera to Sally ________she will get angry.A．so that B．because C．before D．or十三、选择题30．— I wonder ________.— Why not?A．that you’d like to come with us B．whether you’d like to come with us C．when would you like to come with us D．how would you like to come with us 31．—Could you please tell me ________ tomorrow?—At 8 o’clock.A．how will she start B．how she will startC．what time she will start D．what time will she start32．—Bill, what did the teacher say to you?—She asked me ________.A．how would I solve the problem B．whether I was ready for the taskC．why I look excited D．what time did I get home33．—Could you tell me __________?—I’m not sure. Let’s go and ask our teacher.A．that I can spend my holidayB．how can I do better in my lessonsC．whom can I make friends withD．which senior high I can choose34．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________?—Better walk there. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk.A．how far Tianle Lake is B．which is the way to Tianle LakeC．how I can get to Tianle Lake D．how can I get to Tianle Lake十四、选择题35．Which of the following sentences is a fact?A．Beijing is the capital of China. B．The new park looks beautiful.C．Some subjects are difficult. D．I think my pet dog is very cute.36．Do not try to do many things at one time. Otherwise, you will become tired out. Remember, you cannot ________.A．do as the Romans do B．burn the candle at both endsC．put the cart before the horse D．put all the eggs in one basket37．—You know what? Susan has won a third scholarship.—That’s not surprising. ________. She devotes so much time to her study.A．The early bird catches the worm B．No pain, no gainC．Actions speak louder than words D．Practice makes perfect38．—I never thought Eddie did so good a job in the competition.—How lucky he is! Just as the saying goes “ ________”.A．Every dog has its day B．Practice makes perfectC．Actions speak louder than words D．The early bird catches the worm 39．— What are people supposed to do when they meet for the first time in the US?— ________A．They’re supposed to kiss each other.B．They’re supposed to bow.C．They’re expected to shake hands. D．They’re expected to hug.十五、选择题40．--Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday?-- . I have to help my mother with housework.A．I’m afraid not B．Take your timeC．Enjoy yourself D．That’s all right41．—Sir, this is your order, two chicken hamburgers and a cup of coffee. ________—I’ll have them here.A．For here or to go? B．Something to drink? C．Anything else? D．Is that OK?十六、选择题42．－Don’t you think your hair is too long?－Yes. I am going to have it ________ soon.A．cut B．cuts C．cutting D．to cut43．My bike is broken. I will have it________ tomorrow morning.A．fix up B．fixed up C．repairing D．to repair 44．People are advised to avoid ________ their eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands. A．touch B．touched C．to touch D．touching 45．Parents always warn their children ________ the scissors because they are dangerous. A．to not use B．not use C．not to use D．not using 46．The way our students thought of ________ the classroom clean and tidy proved to be very useful.A．to keep B．keeping C．kept D．keeps十七、选择题47．So far, China ________ the world’s largest highway network, with a total length of 160,000 kilometers.A．builds B．built C．will build D．has built十八、选择题48．—It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has a l ot of new furniture in it.—Thank you. I’ll take your advice.A．that B．where C．in which D．who十九、选择题49．You will never grow ________ you try to do something beyond your abilities.A．when B．since C．though D．unless50．— Has the meeting begun?—Not yet. We have to wait ________ everyone is here.A．and B．until C．or D．but【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C解析：C【详解】句意：——汤姆写的新闻报道真令人兴奋！我想我应该读给大家听。

UNIT 11._B__people are very friendly and enjoy talking to others.A. PessimisticB. SociableC. RelaxedD. Depressing2. Through science we’ve got the idea of __B_ progress with the future.A.representingB. associatingC. establishingD. preferring3. The children reacted differently __C_ the news.A. withB. onC. toD. for4. You could go your own way ___A_ follow their footsteps.A. rather thanB. on the other handC. as well asD. at least5. Everything is almost ready for me make another __D__ on the record.A .energy B. power C. object D. attempt6. People of different __C__ may speak different languages.A. personalitesB. feelingsC. nationalitiesD. moods7.“Mrs. Williams can speak French.”“Yes. But she would rather __D_ English with us.”A. have spokenB. speaking C spoke D. speak8. The Bill will allow parents the right to express a(n)__C_ for the school their child attends.A. attemptB. influenceC. preferenceD. opinion9.The meeting __B__ so successful if we ____ adequate preparations.A .wouldn’t have been; didn’t make B. wouldn’t have been; hadn’t madeC. would have been; madeD. would have been; should make10. He preferred__ A__ rather than_____.A. to act; stand byB. to acting; to stand byC. acting; stand byD. acting; to stand byP191.He claims he has evidence which could prove his ___C__ of the crime.A. loyaltyB. authorityC. innocenceD. vision2.The election results do not always __A___ back the views of the voters.A. reflectB. signifyC. implyD. stimulate3.There was no _B__ information about how many people died in the explosion.A. stylishB. reliableC. loyalD. relaxed4.She dare not go out because of the __C__ cold.A. solidB. refreshingC. intenseD. abundant5.I’m afraid this red curtain will not __B__ my furniture.A. go forB. go withC. go byD. go in6.This interpretation is __C___ to mislead beginners.A. similarB. accurateC. aptD. ready7.Self-confidence may __D__ your chances of getting a job.A. symbolizeB. stimulateC. overpowerD. enhance8.Looking into his eyes, she seemed to __C__ all he said.A. take offB. take downC. take inD. take up9. The doctor recommended the patient __B___ the new medicine.A. tryB. to tryC. having triedD. take up10. I will not make a noise for fear that I __A_ you.A. should disturbB. would disturbC. disturbedD. were disturbingUNIT 2P40—P411. I remember__ B_ __you before that it is dangerous to climb up the window.A. to tellB. tellingC. to have toldD. as telling2.I looked in her face for some__ A___ ,but she just stared at me blankly（茫然的）A. responseB. reminderC. signsD. sense3. Never before __D ___ so much money.A.I hadB.I had hadC. have ID. had I had4. It is only when one is ill ___A_ __ one realizes the value of health.A. thatB. whichC. becauseD. as5. The book’s success has ___B___ everyone’s expectations.A. replacedB. surpassedC. waitedD. supposed6. It is great being with her because she had got such a __D___ attitude to everthing.A. magicB. favoriteC. ruralD. positive7. She reached ____B__ the phone and knocked over a glass.A. outB. forC. intoD. up8. Susan ___C___ like cats but now she likes dogs.A. is used toB. was used toC. used toD. got used to9. Is there any significant difference __C____ quality _____ these two shirts?A. of…betweenB. in…overC. in…betweenD. of…over10. She is __A___ a poet than a musician.A. more ofB. the moreC. far moreD. more or lessBlank FillingP451.People __C___ by what others think usually lack confidence in themselves.A. affectingB. who affectedC. affectedD. are affected2.__A___ one’s work properly may be worse than not to do it at all.A. Not to doB. Not doingC. To not doD. Doing not3.In the past, this process of transition often proved __C__.A. difficultyB. difficultiesC. difficultD. being difficult4. _B____, he could not have done such a thing.A. A fool as Jim isB. Fool as Jim isC. As Jim is foolD. As fool is Jim5.The focus of their attention is __A___ how technology affects human life ratherthan businessA. onB. atC. inD. about6.You could _A___ to your collections in the hope that they will be worth millionsten years laterA. hang onB. hang upC. hang outD. hang around7.She had her mother’s clothes __C___ to be her fit.A. modifiedB. changedC. alteredD. varied8. Children_ _D___ a language more quickly than adults do.A. stick outB. go intoC. let inD. pick up9.Shirley kept all the children in _B___ before announcing who the prize.A. darkB. suspenseC. struggleD. dimness10. Unfortunately I’m not_ _C___ dressed for the gardening.A. individuallyB. clumsilyC. suitablyD. ridiculouslyP47 翻译1.男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。

新职业英语试题1练习题（1）Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (15%)Section A (1’x10)Directions: Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Conversation 11. Who is the woman calling?A. A government office.B. A travel agency.C. An insurance company.D. A hotel.2. What does the woman make the phone to the man’s company for?A. Buy a book.B. Ask the man to go St. Lewis’s Beach with her.C. Book a holidayD. Comment on the ad on newspaper.3. According to the man, travelers can do the following at St. Lewis’s Beach except______ ?A. Swim in the seaB. Take a walk on beachC. Lie down in the sun.D. See the beautiful girls.4. What color is the building of the man's company?A. Grey.B. Green.C. White.D. Red.5. Where is the man's office in the building?A. The 3rd office on the right on the 5th floor.B. The 5th office on the right on the 5th floor.C. The 3rd office on the left on the 3rd floor.D. The 5th office on the left on the 3rd floor.练习题（1）Conversation 26. Where are the two Chinese waiting for Mr. William Jackson?A. In their company.B. At the gate.C. In their office.D. In the park7. How does Mr. Jackson come to visit the Public Health Department?A. By car.B. In a taxi.C. By subway.D. By bus8. What is the male Chinese’s name?A. Jason Pan.B. Jackson Min.C. Angela Pan.D. Billy9. What is William Jackson’s job?A. Engineer.B. Director.C. Assistant manager.D. Architect10. What does William want Angela to call him?A. Bob.B. Jason.C. BillyD. JacksonSection B (1’x5)Directions:Listen to the passage twice and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Ladies and gentleman:My name is David Truman and I am the ___11___ of Simons Facilities Corporation. Thank you for inviting me to speak here today about future energy technologies. ___12___, let me introduce our company, SFC, to you.Simply put, SFC is one company with two lines of __13___—power and water, and our history dates back to over 100 years ago. Today we are one of the 50 largest companies in the UK. More than 20,000 of our employees build and ___14__ power and water facilities in England, Scotland and Wales.With this ___15____ as background, now I would like to come to the topic of my speech today: What new energy technologies are there and where can they take us?Part II Vocabulary & Structure (20%)Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line练习题（1）through the center.16. Summers in the north ____ be cooler and drier than in the south.A. intend toB. want toC. apt toD. tend to17. Each room in this building has its own special ____.A. speedB. fuelsC. featuresD. excel18. Once we have the __________ information, we can make a decision..A. connectedB. relevantC. associatedD. linked19. Ever since basketball was invented, its __________ has become increasingly higher.A.popularityB.pollutionC.populationD.publication20.If I were you, I would _________ electricity. It is dangerous.A. stay away fromB. keep far fromC. stay awayD. keep from21. The police are searching everywhere for Mr.James, who they think is ________ to the crime.A. concerned B．linked C．united D．mixed22. This sofa used to ________ a bed when a relative came to stay with us.A．make into B．use for C．serve as D．stand for23. _____ the injuries to his face, he broke both legs.A. Except forB. ExceptC. ButD. In addition to24. We have to consider this matter __________ morality.A. on purposeB. in terms ofC. in spite ofD. in advance25. Every four years athletes from all over the world________ each other for medals in the Olympic Games.A．compete B．compete withC．compete for D．fight withPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension （30%）Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 3 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the material carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.The Need for Meetings and Exhibitions练习题（1）A meeting is generally defined as a gathering of people in one place, to confer or carry out a particular activity. A variety of factors serve to increase the demand for meetings. One of them is the need for communication at personalized(个⼈的) level and the opportunity for individual to exchange ideas and views. In contrast, printed and electronic(电⼦的) information, even with developments in video conferencing, cannot vie with(与...竞争) this personal contact. The importance of a meeting does not lie merely in what the keynoters said. The total atmosphere of the event and the subsequent(随后的) stimulation also add to the significance of a meeting.The huge and rising growth in meeting business does not help to gain profits alone. Other goals can be achieved through group participation. They are education, strategic planning, team building, problem solving, training, reorganization, sales promotion and new product introduction, for which the attendees share the information.Compared with meetings, established exhibitions usually generate operating profits both for the hall providers and organizers of the events.In its broadest sense, an exhibition is a display, show or demonstration of something of beauty, value or particular interest to a target audience. Exhibits may be on permanent(长期的) display or brought together temporarily(临时地) for a particular event. Commercial exhibitions can be categorized(归类) as:●trade shows and fairs, which bring sellers and buyers of products, goods and servicestogether in particular industrial sectors;●consumer shows or fairs, which are open to the general pubic;● mixed trade-consumer shows or fairs, which admit the public on certain days only;●private exhibitions, in which individual companies or agencies organize their ownexhibitions to demonstrate their products to a selected or invited audience.● product launches(发布,推出), which are to introduce new goods and services and may befeatured in a trade fair, private exhibition or both.Exhibitions provide an opportunity for sellers to explain and demonstrate their products and services directly to potential buyers gathered in one place, and are a cost-effective way of launching new products, penetrating new markets, reinforcing existing customer interest and maintaining or increasing market shares.练习题（1）26. _________is one of the most important factors to increase the demand for meetings.A. Printed and electronic informationB. What the keynoter saidC. Video conferencingD. Personal contact27. Which of the following goals can not be achieved through meeting?A. Product launch.B. Rewarding the employee’s top performance.C. Training newly recruited employees.D. Making a tour of a city.28. Consumer shows or fairs_________ .A. attract only professionalsB. are open to suppliers and buyers onlyC. arouse public interestD. are open to a limited number of people29. Mixed trade-consumer shows or fairs_________.A. are open to sellers and buyers onlyB. are open to the general pubic only on certain daysC. are open to the general publicD. are not open to the general public only on certain days30. Exhibitions can__________.A. cut on the costs of promoting productsB. can help marketing your productsC. can acquaint the public with your productsD. All of the above.Task 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 31 to 35练习题（1）With Christmas just around the corner, greeting cards are starting to appear in shops. But this year, paper cards are being left out in the cold as electronic (电⼦的) Christmas tidings become more popular. Last year, a top-grade Christmas card could sell for 35 Yuan, but now people won’t even pay 15. As the Internet increasingly goes into our daily life, online living is becoming fashionable among teenagers and e-greetings are becoming more and more popular. The major consumers of greeting cards in China are young people. They are always quick to accept the new lifestyles, so it’s natural for them to favor e-cards over traditional paper cards.Not only are e-cards new and attractive, but also quick and efficient. Young people used to send each other paper cards at Christmas. But the problem is what to do with them all after that? Now they can save e-cards onto a disk (磁盘) and easily open and enjoy them at any moment. The Internet offers a wide variety of choices. Many Internet content providers---such as Yahoo, Sina and Sohu---provide e-greeting services. Many of these sites are free of charge, but an increasing number are introducing a small fee for their services.31. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. There are more and more greeting cards in shops as Christmas is coming.B. Electronic cards are more popular than paper cards this year.C. Paper cards are arranged outside shops in the cold this year.D. Paper cards are becoming cheaper and cheaper this year.32. According to the context, the phrase “Christmas tidings” (Line 2, Para. 1. means ______.A. Christmas cards tied with ropesB. e-greetings on ChristmasC. Christmas stockingsD. Christmas trees33. Teenagers favor e-cards over traditional cards because ______.A. it’s easy to keep themB. it’s not difficult to get themC. they are as cheap as paper cardsD. they are as traditional as paper cards练习题（1）34. Compared to paper cards, e-cards have the following advantages except ______.A. easier to getB. quicker to sendC. more efficientD. more attractive35. Yahoo, Sina and Sohu are the names of ______.A. Christmas cardsB. greeting cardsC. internet sitesD. shopsTask 3Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 36 to 40The West has begun to take more notice of the East. The fifth volume of an enormous work re-assessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, which was published twenty years ago, set the tone for whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which, until then, western historians had claimed for Europe, were made first in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some famous historians who were skeptical at first. China’s invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been disputed, but this new history has added advanced bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddle boats and many other inventions to the list.In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer is to be found in the social and economic history of China, where a static (静态的) society under a relatively kind ruling of scholars contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been练习题（1）making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But will China avoid the West’s mistakes?36. So far, how many volumes of the book have been published?A. Five. C. Three.B. Four. D. None.37. The first volume was published _________.A. ten years ago C. five years agoB. last year D. twenty years ago38. In Paragraph 1, the word “skeptical” means ________.A. doubtful C. sadB. worried D. angry39. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the passage?A. Gunpowder. C. Paddle boats.B. Needles. D. Bridge design.40. The best title for this passage is __________.A. China’s InventionsB. Comparisons between the East and the WestC. China Is Catching UpD. Situations in ChinaPart IV Translation. (20%)41就销售⽽⾔，他们是该地区五⼤超市之⼀。

《英语语⾔学》练习题⼀《英语语⾔学》练习题⼀⼀、I Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets:1. In the phrases a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, both cattle and sheep contain only one morpheme.2. The meaning of compounds is always the sum of meaning of the compounds.3. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent.4. Chinese is an agglutinating language.5. Not all vowels are voiced.6. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning, they are said to be in free variation.7. A greenbottle is a type of bottle.8. Productivity is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.9. Language contains two subsystems, one of speaking and the other of writing.10. Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future.11. Modern linguistics is prescriptive rather than descriptive.12. The study of speech sounds is called Phonology.13. The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution.14. Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish utterance meaning.15. Compounding, the combination of free morphemes, is a common way to form words.II Write the phonetic symbol that corresponds to the articulatory description.Example: vowel front high [i:]1.bilabial nasal2.voiced labiovelar glide3.literal liquid4.voiced bilabial stop5.front high laxIII Draw two tree diagrams of the following ambiguous sentence.Pat found a book on Wall Street.IV How would you read the phrases in the two columns? What does each of them mean?Column I Column IIa. a bluebird a blue birdb. a lighthouse keeper a light housekeeperV.Explain the relation between bank1 (the side of a river) and bank2 (the financial institute).VI.Tell the semantic relation within the given sentence and that between the two sentences.a)My uncle is male.b)The spinster is married.c)Jim is an orphan. Jim lives with his parents.d)Sam is the husband of Sally. Sally is the wife of Sam.e)He has gone to London. He has gone to England.VII.Answer the following questions:a)How do sociolinguists classify the varieties of English?b) What are the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle?c) What are the components of metaphor?⼆、I、Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given:2.Modern linguistics is d__________ rather than prescriptive.3.Consonants can be described in terms of p________ of articulation, manners of articulation, andv_______.4.A_________ are variants of the same phoneme in different phonetic contexts.5.The smallest meaningful unit of language is called m________.6.According to Saussure, a linguistic sign is composed of s________ and s_______.7.General linguistics is based on the view that language as a system composed of three aspects: sound, s________ and meaning.8.Monophthongs and d_________ are two major types of vowels.9.Sequences that are possible but do not occur yet are called a_________ gap, e.g. /blik/, /bilk/, /klib/, and /kilb/.10.M_________ and s________ make up two subsystems of language.11.The language used to talk about language is called m___________.12.According to M.A.K. Halliday, language plays three metafunctions simultaneously: the ideational function, the i________ function and the t__________ function.II、For each group of sounds listed below, state the phonetic feature(s) then share:Example: [s] [f] [p] [h] voiceless1、[g] [z] [d]2、[v] [h] [s]3、[m] [p] [b] [f] [v]4、[t] [d] [n] [l] [s] [z]5、[i:] [i] [u] [u:]III、Explain the ambiguity of the following sentences.a.This is a beautiful girl’s dress.b.Those who went there quickly made a fortune.IV. How would you read the phrases in the two columns? What does each of them mean?Column I Column IIa. The White House a white houseb. a redcoat a red coatV. Draw tree diagrams for the following two sentences:1、A clever magician fooled the audience.2、The tower on the hill collapsed in the wind.VI. Answer the following questions:1、What is reference and what is sense ? How are they related ?2、What are the features of metaphors?3、How do you distinguish homonymy from polysemy?《英语语⾔学》练习题⼆⼀、I、Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets: ( ) 1. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent. ( ) 2. Chinese is an agglutinating language. ( ) 3. Not all vowels are voiced.( ) 4. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning, they are said to be in free variation.( ) 5. A greenbottle is a type of bottle.( ) 6. Productivity is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.( ) 7. Language contains two subsystems, one of speaking and the other of writing.( ) 8. Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future.( ) 9. Modern linguistics is prescriptive rather than descriptive.( ) 10. The study of speech sounds is called Phonology.( ) 11. The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution.( ) 12. Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish utterance meaning.( ) 13. Compounding, the combination of free morphemes, is a common way to form words.( ) 14. Pragmatics is concerned with speaker meaning.( ) 15. The reference of a deixis to a preceding expression is technically termed cataphoric reference.II、Transcribe the sound represented by the underlined letter(s) in the words and then describe it.Example: heat [i:] vowel front higha)photob)writec)card)actore)cityIII、Consider the following words and answer the questions below:a)fingerb)disgracefulc)stepsisterd)psycholinguisticse)antidisestablishmentarianismi. Tell the number of morphemes in each word.ii. Underline the free morphemes in each word where possible to do so.IV、Draw tree diagrams to show the ambiguity in the following sentence:They can fish.V、Data Analysis:1）What is the illocution of A’s utterance in the following brief encounter?A: You are in a non-smoking zone, sir.B: Thanks (extinguishing the cigarette).2）What kind of pre-sequence is A’s first utterance? (Hint: A and B are two secretaries working in the same office.)A: Are you going to be here long?B: You can go if you like.A: I’ll just be outside. Call me if you need me.B: OK.VI Answer the following questions1．What are the components of metaphor?2．What is the difference between linguistic competence and communicative competence?3．What is the difference between referential meaning and associative meanings of words?⼆、I. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given:1．Chinese is a typical t________ language. M(mother), m(hemp) m(horse) m(scold), for example, are four distinguished words.2．The total number of words stored in the brain is called l_______, which can be understood as a mental dictionary. 3．Words like went, which is not related in form to indicate grammatical contrast with the root, are called s_____.4．S_________ is defined as the study of meaning.5．S_________ are words which have different forms but similar meanings.6．M_________ and s________ make up two subsystems of language.7．The language used to talk about language is called m___________.8．According to M.A.K. Halliday, language plays three metafunctions simultaneously: the ideational function, the i________ function and the t__________ function.9．Modern linguistics is d__________ rather than prescriptive.10．Consonants can be described in terms of p________ of articulation, manners of articulation, and v_______.11．A_________ are variants of the same phoneme in different phonetic contexts.12．The smallest meaningful unit of language is called m________.II. For each group of sounds listed below, state the phonetic feature(s) they share:Example: [s] [f] [p] [h] voicelessa)[g] [z] [d]b)[v] [h] [s]c)[m] [p] [b] [f] [v]d)[t] [d] [n] [l] [s] [z]e)[i:] [i] [u] [u:]III. Identify the difference between a greenhouse and a green house, and the difference between a sleeping car and a sleeping baby.IV. Define the following terms, giving examples for illustration:a) Allophoneb)VarietyV. Draw tree diagrams for the following two sentences: (10%)1. A clever magician fooled the audience.2. The tower on the hill collapsed in the wind.VI. Try to think of contexts in which the following sentences can be used for other purposes than just stating facts:1. The room is messy.2. It would be good if she had a green skirt on.VII. Answer the following questions:1.What is reference and what is sense? How are they related?2.What are the three metafunctions that language plays accordingto M. A. K Halliday?。