国际航运业务英语与函电课后翻译答案

Unit 1一、英译汉1.It was a pleasure to receive your letter of 2nd and to learn that you are making plans for your Mr.Chadwik to visit our country in October.有幸收到阁下5月2日来函，得悉阁下正计划安排维克先生于10月访问我国。

2.If Mr.Mike so wishes we can also introduce him to some of our sister corporations with whom you may like to do business.要是迈克先生想同我们兄弟公司洽谈业务，我们也可为他引见。

3.Please let us know the time of your arrival. We will then arrange to meet you at the airport and drive you to your hotel.请告诉我们你到达的时间，届时安排去机场迎接并驾车送你到宾馆。

4.We used to import machines from England but now we wish to establish business relations with you.我们过去通常从英国进口机器，但现在想同你们建立业务关系。

5.I am making for Mr.Brown to have a discussion with Director Wang.我即将安排布朗先生和我公司的王经理会谈。

6.It gives us a great pleasure to introduce to you by this letter Mr.Ma,a manager of HongKong Huarun company.我们十分高兴地通过刺心向你介绍香港华润公司的马经理。

Shipping space 舱位Freight rate 运价Frequency of sailing 船期Charter hire 租金Quotation报价Tariff 运费表Telex 电传Shipping form 货运单Transshipment 转船Layday：受载期Cancelling date：解约日Lighterage：驳运费Stevedore：装卸工人Demurrage: 滞期Dispatch：速遣Commission：佣金Consignment 货物Inclusive rate 包揽运费率Large shipment 大宗货物Premium 保险费Bad stowage 积载不良Broken space 亏舱Overstowage 爆舱Full and complete stowage 满仓满载Take delivery of cargo 提货Replenish bunker 加燃油Settle the account with you 与你方结账Shipping application/booking note 托运单Additional cargo 加载货Be subject to market fluctuation 随行就市Mail under separate cover 另函邮寄Freight prepaid 运费预付freight to collect 到付运费fixture note 订租确认书Laytime Statement of Facts 装卸时间事实记录for your perusal 供审阅Notice of Readiness 装卸准备就绪通知书stipulated laydays 规定的受载期on the basis of mutual agreement 根据双方协议make reference to Time Sheet 参照装卸时间表floating crane 浮吊steaming time 航行时间pilot station 引航站night navigation夜间导航all purposes 装卸共用时间reversible laydays 可调剂使用的装卸时间pro rata of a day 不足一天按比例general introduction 期租指令customs inspection海关检查immigration inspection 移民局检查边检quarantine 检验检疫port disbursements/port dues and charges 港口使费agency appointment委托代理canvass/solicit cargo 揽货port particulars 港口细则fumigation and disinfection(消毒) 熏舱attend to Customs Declaration formalities for inward and outward shipments,为进出口货载办理报关手续manifest in triplicate一式三份舱单cargo tracer货物查询overlanded/shortlanded cargo list 货物溢/短单non-negotiable B/L不可转让提单claimant索赔人debit note 借项通知单protection and indemnity (P & I) club,保赔协会anti-dated/back-dated B/L 倒签提单shipped/on board B/L, 已装船提单received for shipment B/L, 备运提单marine fraud, 海运欺诈out of proportion to its importance 与他的重要性不相称hold sweeping 扫舱diversion; 改航outturn report; 卸载报告shut out cargo;退关货transshipped cargo; 转船货lashing and securing; 绑扎和紧固the stowage factors to be considered; 要考虑的积载因素insufficient ventilation 通风不良packing list,装箱单statement of claim,索赔清单lack of due diligence 失职customs of the trade,本行业习惯way ports, 中途港claim release, 索赔结案书prima facie evidence,初步证据without prejudice,以不妨碍缩写：CGO: cargoLDG: loadingTKS/B/RGDS: thanks and best regardsA/C ACCT : accountA/O : and/orA/R : all risksAA : always afloat 在海上AAR : against all risksACC : acceptance / acceptedACDG: accordingACOL: after completion of loadingADD: address/ additionalADV: adviseAFMT : after fixing main termsAFSP : arrival first sea pilotAGT：agentAGW : all going wellANCH : anchorage 锚地ANS ：answerAOB ：as on boardAOH : after office hoursARND : aroundARNG: arrangeARR : arriveASF ：as followsATDN ：any time day or nightABS :American bureau of shipping 美国船级协会P.O.B: post office boxETC：estimated time of completionETA: estimated time of arrivalWWDSHEX: whether working days，Sundays holidays excepted CQD :Customary Quick Despatch按港口习惯快速装卸C/P：charter party租船合同COA: contract of affreightment 运输合同Blt：builtLoa：length over all 船长TPC: tons per centimeter 每公分吨数WOG: without guranteeDIOT: day include over timeBOD: bunker on deliveryCHRTS: charterersILOHC：lieu of hold cleaning 扫舱包干费HSFO? LSFO?RCV: receiveDLY: delayADDCOM :address commission 租船佣金DLOSP：Dropping last outward sea pilot 最后出港海区引航员下船FIOS：free in ,out and stowed船方不负责装卸、堆装费TCT ：Time charter Trip 航次期租D/P: Document against Payment付款交单LOI：letter of indemnity保函WIFPON: whether in free pratigue or not 是否通过检疫InquiryWe have ready for shipment from..to..Would you please quote your rate for…XX M.V. is due to sail on 25th july…I look forward to receiving your reply.ReplyThank you for your inquire of 30th june，2012.We wish to inform you thatWe shall be glad to book…Please complete and return it asap.Please advise 请告知L4 enquire and reply1. We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghaito Bombay. Please quote us your freight rate including dockage (wharfage),lighterage, unloading charge and other expenses.2. The M.V. “Tai He” of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on 5thOctober. Please fax us your instructions without delay if you have any consignment to be shipped by this vessel.3.This is to inform you that we are able to reserve as requested sufficient space foryour cargo. You are kindly requested to complete the shipping application and send it duly to us in exchange for our Shipping Order, but the freight must be prepaid. 4.With regard to the accommodation for the additional cargo as requested in your letter dated 4th of this month, we wish to inform you that the M.V. “ABC” has no more space allotted for that cargo. We regret that we cannot do what you wish.5.The main advantages of container serve are : easy handling of cargo; less risk of cargo damage or loss; low freight and prompt delivery. Especially, the development of “Multimodal Container Transport” system provides a highly efficient mode of cargo transport.L9 port regulations and agencies1. Owing to the rapid development of the trade between our two countries, we are sure thatmore ships of our company will call at your port and other ports of yourcountry in future.2. We appreciate that the particulars of your port we required may cause you some extra work,for which we feel much regret.3. Your letter of 24th May has been duly received. After careful consideration we havedecided to appoint you formally as our ship’s agents in Port of Libreville.4. Enclosed please find a draft of “Agency Agreement” for your perusal and kindly inform uswhether you agree or not to all the provisions therein.5. To facilitate our consideration of the demand/requirements you made, please let us knowthe status of your company and scope of your business activities.6. We greatly appreciate your offer to act as our ship’s agents at the port of Algiers.As we have already had our long time agents at the said port, we are very sorry that we are not prepared at present to appoint another one.7. Vessel must confirm her ETA at the specified Pilot Boarding Ground to the port authority twoto three hours before arrival.L10 shipping document1.Under Clause 8 of this bill of lading, if the goods are not taken delivery of by the Receiver(Consignee) from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the Receiver (consignee) refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods无人认领货物, the Carrier shall be at liberty to有权land such goods on shore岸or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Receiver/ shipper. ( Merchant)2.We wish to draw your attention to the fact that (to remind you that) no clean B/L will beissued in case the cargo coming for shipment is in damaged condition.3.It is a standing rule in shipment that a remark on the damaged cargo put/noted in the B/Lat the time of loading does not relieve the carrier of the responsibility for any damage to other cargo thus incurred.4.No Letter of Indemnity is to be accepted without our prior consent.未经我们事先同意5.We hereby agree to pay on demand即期支付any claim that may occur on the saidshipment and we indemnify you and/or your ship-owner harmless against any consequences that may arise from your practice.6.At the shipper’s request we hereby authorize you to issue the Anti-dated B/L to the shipperagainst the Letter of indemnity on condition that the shipper provides the Letter of Indemnity and that the cargo has been in your custody.L3 applicationDear Sir/AgentRe: Application for SurveyorsWould you be kind enough to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to come on board my vessel as s oon as possible to inspect and verify the extent of the damage to our deck fittings etc. whichoccurred during the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. Pl ease also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulk.Your immediate attention to this matter will be much appreciated.L13 charter party(1)滞期通知书This will serve to remind you that M.V. “China Sea” which arrived at this port on 10th June from London, is now discharging cargo at Dock/Wharf No. 9 and will have reached the end of her stipulated laydays at 1500 hrs of this month.In accordance with the charter party dated 12th November, 19xx , demurrage will commence from that time and will be calculated at the sum of £ 500 per day, or pro rata for part of a day.It is expected to note that you will pay the demurrage in time if the laytime is extended.(2)Your letter FD-HY/93 dated 5th April has been duly received. With reference to the dispatch money of M.V. Noelle, from which steel bars were discharged at Shanghai, we clarified our views in our letter Ref. No.324 dated 18th March that on behalf of China Minmetals Imp & Exp Corp, we settled the accounts with you under Sate Contract 2FEE09019D. All the accounts were settled under the terms of the said Sale Contract except daily rate of Dispatch money/Demurrage calculated under the C/P, of which you will have a better understanding.Enclosed please find two copies of our Statement of Account for check. If you have any objection异议, please don’t hesitate to let us know by reply.L7 cargo work1.Such being the case, the marks on the consignment are unclear, the ship will not beresponsible for any consequences arising therefrom.2.you may rest assured that we will take all possible precautions against any damage to cargoin transit and cargo handling3.I regret to inform you that 300 bags of rice were shut out for the lack of (insufficient) space,which had been caused by our incorrect statement. Our ship will be responsible for all expenses incurred.4.As you are well aware, the weight of these heavy lifts is far beyond the lifting capacity of theship’s facilities. Kindly contact the harbour administration/ port authority as soon as possible to arrange a shore crane for discharge.5.The shipper shall, before the shipment of the dangerous goods, furnish the shipowner ormaster with a “Dangerous Goods Declaration”, stating the said goods have been properly packed, marked and labelled in accordance with IMDG Code.6.The stevedores handled the goods in such a way that the mix-up of parcels is inevitable.L15 CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS1.The shortage of this consignment arrived is obviously caused by your careless mistake inpacking, which should have been avoided if you had given your due attention to the packing.Therefore, we reserve our right to lodge a claim for the said consignment.2.Upon perusal of the relevant documents, we are of the opinion that the said claimshould be rejected on the following grounds/for the following reasons.3.With reference to the claim you filed against us for the water damage to cargo in shipmentunder B/L HF175, we wish to offer 25% discount of the amount claimed to compensate for the loss you sustained. Please note that this is our maximum/farthest concessio n we can afford. Should you insist on your original claim, we would propose to submit the case to arbitration for final settlement.4.As 8 cases of bicycle parts overlanded were pilfered in large quantities in your warehouseand are not enough to offset those shortlanded in Rotterdam, we have to settle the case by paying US$ 1200 to the consignee as compensation. Please debit the said amount into our account.5.Obviously the said loss occurred during the transit when the cargo were under your custody.Therefore, we hold you liable for the loss amounting to 2500 USD.。

国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 11.Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organize2.The general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three C`s”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、correctness、completeness、consideration(the “you”attitude) Lesson 2A business letter in English generally consists of eight main parts:1.Heading (Letterhead)2.Date ：英（日月年）；美（月日年）3.Inside Name and Address4.Salutation(称呼)5.Subject Line (Caption)6.Body of letter/doc/9768a24eb52acfc789ebc9f8.htm l plimentary CloseSalutation close英式：Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam yours faithfullyDear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Smith yours sincerely美式：Gentlemen sincerely/truly yours8.SignatureLesson 3 applicationsWhen you write an application letter, as a rule,The first step is to state you relevant information and requirements to the party concerned in clear and straightforward sentence.The second step is to put in your request to them for assistance with courtesy.The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without delay.Lesson 5 personal injury and deathThe report of personal injury and death should include the following points:1.The exact time and place of the accident and identity of thepersona injured2.The conditions at the time of the accident and explanationof whether they brought about the accident3.Description of the accident and nature of injuries, statingthe treatment administered to the injured person on board and/or shore4.Analysis of the cause of the accident, ascertaining wherethe responsibility lies/doc/9768a24eb52acfc789ebc9f8.htm l s of the witnesses to the accident, includingcrewmembers, if any, and a drawing or photograph of the area where the accident occurredLesson 7 cargo workThe chief officer should take into consideration the following principles in the handing of stowage and carriage of cargo 1.The most efficient use of space:This is means that every cubic foot of ship`s space must be utilized to the best advantage and the broken stowage reduced to the minimum2.The highest possible port speedThe distribution of cargo in the holds must be such as to assist correct and speedy cargo handling. It is customary to stowthe cargo in reverse order of the intended discharge to avoid rearrangements of the consignments, and will not affect the ship`s stability, trim or strength3.The safety of the cargo4.The safety of ship and crewLesson 8 cargo damageThere are various kinds of cargo damage:1.Original damage: is a damage to cargo, which originallyoccurred before the shipment.2.Stevedore damage: refers to the damage to cargo, whichoccurs as a result of rough handling of cargo by stevedores at the handling or discharging port.3.Heavy weather damage: mainly refer to water damage to cargo,which often results form the heavy weather encountered by the ship either in loading operation an dock or on the voyage at sea4.Sweat damage: sweat is condensation, which forms on theship`s side or on the surface of cargo within spaces due to the fluctuations of temperature on a long voyage5.Pilferage(theft): is one of the causes of cargo shortage orloss, which frequently occurs in loading or discharging operations6.Inherent nature or vice of goods:Lesson 9 port of regulations and agencies Generally,the business scope of a shipping agency includes the following:1.Attending to the procedures for ship`s entry into anddeparture form a port and arranging for pilotage , ship`s berthing, customs declaration formalities for inward and outward shipment2.Arranging marine survey, ship`s repair and fumigation;cleaning and sweeping of cargo holds and supply of bunkers, fresh water, provisions, store, ect3.Arranging shipments, booking space, applying forsupervision of loading/discharge, inspection, testing, weighting or measuring of cargo4.Subject to authorization, signing bills of lading andissuing documents relevant to handing/taking over of cargo or containers and arranging settlements of cargo claims 5.Attending to procedure for cargo operations, includingstuffing/unstuffing, transshipment and combined transportation of containers6.Attending to marine casualties and salvage; arrangingmedical treatment, replacement and repatriation for crewmembers7.Attending to chartering, purchase/sale,delivery/redelivery and handing/taking over of ships;signing charter parties and purchase/sale contracts8.On behalf of entrusting parties, calculating and collectingfreight; attending to settlement of despatch money or demurrageLesson 10 shipping documentsThe circulation of the relevant shipping documents can be illustrated as follows:1.The shipper (or consignor) makes an application to ashipping company or its agent for the shipment of goods by filling up a booking note2.After the acceptance of booking note, the shipping companyissues a shipping order(S/O)to the shipper, advising him ofwhen and where to deliver the goods alongside the named ship 3.The shipper, on the strength of the S/O, goes through thecustoms declaration formalities for outward goods and gets the goods ready for shipment4.The agent prepares a loading list for the ship according tothe S/O(counter-foil)5.The chief officer works out a stowage plant. A number ofcopies are sent to the tally company and stevedoring company through the agent for the arrangement of loading and discharge6.The chief tallyman checks all goods loaded on board againstthe tally sheets and signs the S/O7.The chief officer, by reference to the tally, endorses theS/O, which then automatically becomes the mate`s receipt (M/R) to be issued to the shipper after loading8.After paying for the freight(prepaid), the shipper turnsover the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchange for the B/L9.The shipper sends the B/L and other relevant documents tothe bank for negotiation of payment10.The agent makes out for the ship a suitable number ofcopies of the export manifest (M/F) and freight manifest(F/M), which are required by the customs at the local port as well as other port of call11.The consignee secures the B/L form the bank by effectingthe payment for goods12.The consignee presents the B/L to the shipping companyor agent in exchange for the delivery order(D/O), by whichhe takes delivery of goods at the warehouseLesson 11 collision of ships1.Collision of ships, in term of fault liability, can be classified into three categories: collision caused by fault of one party, collision caused by mixed fault and collision caused by no fault2.A collision report including the following items:1)The exact time of collision2)The position, heading, and speed of each vessel at thetime of collision3)Weather conditions(e.g. visibility, wind, sea and swell,ect,)4)An estimate of angle of collision to the other vessel5)What actions taken by own vessel to avoid collision6)The extent of damage caused to both vessels and the cargoas far as known7)The names of witness to the collision8)General information (e.g. name, nationality, port ofregistry, voyage, ect.) of both vesselsLesson 13 charter party1.Charter parties are diversified into three principalcategories: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat (demise) charter2.The voyage charter is, in essence, a contract ofaffreightment covering the movement a particular cargo from one designated port to another, at a stipulated rate of freight (charter hire) for each ton of the goods actually transported. The shipowner is responsible for all details of vessel operation. The charterer, in addition to putting the cargo within reach of the loading gear, must arrange forthe berthing places at port of loading and discharge, andquite often also must contract with stevedores to handle the cargo. Payment for the ship`s services must be made in accordance with the provisions of the charter-party3.The time charter is one under which the shipowner places theservices of a ship at the disposal of the charterer for a specified period of time, or rather hires out to the charterer the entire shipping space of a ship for the carriage of cargo on time basis, Unlike the revenue earned under the voyage charter, which is calculated on the tonnage value of the cargo, the time charter hire is calculated on the carrying capacity of the ship plus running cost of the ship, excluding wages. So the larger the ship, the more the charterer pays4.The bareboat (demise) charter is one under which theshipowner transfers operational control of the ship to the charterer. The vessel must be seaworthy and full equipped at the time she is delivered to the charterer. During the chartering period, the burden and responsibility of operation are assumed by the charterer. The shipowner periodically receives the agreed payment which, as in the time charter, is based upon the deadweight tonnage of theshipLesson 14 sea protest and general average1.A note of sea protest is a declaration or deposition by themaster, made under oath, giving full particulars regarding heavy weather or other incident, which may have caused damage to the vessel or cargo during the voyage.2.A ship has met with any of the following circumstances inthe course of the voyage, it is advisable for the master to note a sea protest:1)Whenever during the voyage ship encounters conditions ofwind and sea, which may result in damage to cargo2)When form any cause ship is damaged, or feared to bedamaged3)When through stress of weather it has not beenpracticable to adopt normal precautions in the matter ofventilation of perishable cargo4)When cargo is shipped in such a condition as likely tosuffer deterioration during the voyage (but, in this case, protest will not be effective unless B/L was endorsed to show the condition of cargo at the time of shipment)5)In all case of General Average3.A general average acts when, and only when, anyextraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily and reasonably made or incurred in the time of peril for the purpose of preserving the property imperiled in the common adventure.4.Particular average is a term applied to any accidental loss,less than a total loss of vessel and cargo, by a peril which is not of a general average nature信函:（less3）Write a application to Immigration Office in the port of Yokohama, Japan, requesting twenty-four landing permits for the crew members of your ship on your arrival at the said port如下：M.V. “XXX”Port of Yokohama10 August, 2000 The Immigration OfficePort of Yokohama, JapanDear Sirs,Re: Crew List VisaIn accordance with the regulations of Japan Government, any Chinese seamen in and with the ship sailing for a Japan port must get Crew List Visaed by the Japan Embassy or Consulate in the last port of call in order that they canget landing permits when the ship arrives at the Japan port.Manned with 24 Chinese seamen, my ship is bound for the port of Yokohama after completion of discharging at this port. I am hereby writing to ask you to take our Crew Listto Japan Consulate for Visa, we enclose herewith 4 copiesof Crew List and shall be must obliged if you would kindly management this matter without delay.Yours truly, (Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”信函翻译：致亚丁港（port of Aden）“ABC”船务代理行代理先生：申请验船师请您安排劳氏（Lloyd`s）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fitting）在本航次从新加坡至亚丁港途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

Unit 2二、1.We, therefore, take pleasure in informing you that we are an enterprise manufacturing shoes.2.The products manufactured here have been proved by a scrupulous test to be sound.3.The designs have been clearly explained in our illustrated catalogue we enclosed.4.We write to you today in the hope of establishing business relations with you.5.We enclose here a copy of our illustrated catalogue about the main items available at present.1.因此，我方欣然告知贵方我们是一家制鞋厂商。

2.本地生产的产品经仔细测试证明情况良好。

3.设计样式已在我方随附的带有插图的目录上清晰地说明。

4.我方今日特致此函希望与贵方建立业务关系。

5.随函附上一份关于目前可供主要产品的带有插图目录。

6.We are looking forward to receiving your early reply.7.You have been introduced to us by Mr. Lee as a prospective buyer.8.We would like to establish direct business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.9.We specialize in the export business of light industrial products for more than 30 years.10.If you are interested in any item listed in our catalog, please let us know ASAP.6.期待贵方早日答复。

国际航运业务英语与函电课后翻译答案第五单元后是一句一句百度翻译出来的准确性有待。

尼玛一字一字的打出来手都累断了啊次奥！Unit 3p23：1. 兹通知贵方：“London”轮已于昨日安全抵达本港。

正好可以在假期开始前完成卸货。

2.兹通知贵方：由“Yong Ming”轮托运给您地20箱货物已到港，请于即日起三日内前来提货。

3.兹通知贵方：由于我轮自新加坡起航后遇到强大的东北季风，致使抵达本港时间比预定时间晚35小时。

4.兹通知贵方：我船要求进行几项修理，恳请予以安排为盼。

5.请派一位称职的验船师来我船检查首尖舱舱壁。

6.兹向您报告：我船无线电发射台发生故障需要修理。

7. 请于7月10日上午安排一艘较大的汽艇来接我船船员上岸。

8. 贵方如能尽快安排一名电器工程师来我船修理冷却系统，我们将不胜感激。

9. 请从速将上述零件的备用件寄给我们，不胜感激。

10. 油驳船的费用请记入船主帐上。

11. 所有费用请记入货物托运人帐上。

12. 请将费用请记入船主帐上。

13. 兹照船方要求，我们将为贵方在装货作业开始前提供必要的垫舱物料。

14. 瑾以船舶代理人的身份通知您：依贵方要求，该船将于4月12日10：15时由原泊位移至No.21 浮筒处锚泊。

Unit 4P301.请为下列托运货物报全包价。

2.请告知大宗托运货物的最新运费率。

3.我方想了解航期、航行时间以及是否需预订货舱，如需预定货舱请提供所需的托运申请单。

4.请告知装船日期。

5.请告知最新运费，谢谢。

6.贵方于来信中询问运费，今荣幸地向贵方报价如下：7.贵方8月10来信获悉，今就运费报价如下：8.贵方6月26日来信获悉，我方将另函邮寄本公司最新运费单。

9.由于该货物将在安特为普转运，请提供联运提单。

10.所有费用与我方结帐，请在提单上注明“预付运费”11.复7月4日函，我方就运费报价，请注意，此报价乃随行就市价。

12.我方非常希望能为贵方办理货物托运事宜。

13. 我们不得不遗憾地告知贵方：完全是由于货舱不够的原因，我方无法收容贵方托运的货物。

国际航运业务英语与函电[资料] Lesson 11. Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organize2. The general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three C`s”. in theother words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、correctness、completeness、consideration(the “you”attitude)Lesson 2A business letter in English generally consists of eight mainparts:1. Heading (Letterhead)2. Date :英(日月年);美(月日年)3. Inside Name and Address4. Salutation(称呼)5. Subject Line (Caption)6. Body of letter7. Complimentary CloseSalutation close英式:Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam yours faithfullyDear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Smith yours sincerely美式:Gentlemen sincerely/truly yours8. SignatureLesson 3 applicationsWhen you write an application letter, as a rule,The first step is to state you relevant information and requirements to the party concerned in clear andstraightforward sentence.The second step is to put in your request to them for assistance with courtesy.The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without delay.Lesson 5 personal injury and deathThe report of personal injury and death should include the following points:1. The exact time and place of the accident and identity of thepersona injured2. The conditions at the time of the accident and explanationof whether they brought about the accident3. Description of the accident and nature of injuries, statingthe treatment administered to the injured person on boardand/or shore4. Analysis of the cause of the accident, ascertaining wherethe responsibility lies5. Names of the witnesses to the accident, includingcrewmembers, if any, and a drawing or photograph of the areawhere the accident occurredLesson 7 cargo workThe chief officer should take into consideration the following principles in the handing of stowage and carriage of cargo1. The most efficient use of space:This is means that every cubic foot of ship`s space must be utilized to the best advantage and the broken stowage reduced to the minimum2. The highest possible port speedThe distribution of cargo in the holds must be such as to assist correct and speedy cargo handling. It is customary to stow the cargo in reverse order of the intended discharge to avoid rearrangements of the consignments, and will not affect the ship`s stability, trim or strength3. The safety of the cargo4. The safety of ship and crewLesson 8 cargo damageThere are various kinds of cargo damage:1. Original damage: is a damage to cargo, which originallyoccurred before the shipment.2. Stevedore damage: refers to the damage to cargo, whichoccurs as a result of rough handling of cargo by stevedoresat the handling or discharging port.3. Heavy weather damage: mainly refer to water damage to cargo,which often results form the heavy weather encountered bythe ship either in loading operation an dock or on the voyageat sea4. Sweat damage: sweat is condensation, which forms on theship`s side or on the surface of cargo within spaces due to the fluctuations of temperature on a long voyage5. Pilferage(theft): is one of the causes of cargo shortage orloss, which frequently occurs in loading or dischargingoperations6. Inherent nature or vice of goods:Lesson 9 port of regulations and agenciesGenerally, the business scope of a shipping agency includes the following:1. Attending to the procedures for ship`s entry into anddeparture form a port and arranging for pilotage , ship`sberthing, customs declaration formalities for inward andoutward shipment2. Arranging marine survey, ship`s repair and fumigation;cleaning and sweeping of cargo holds and supply of bunkers, fresh water, provisions, store, ect3. Arranging shipments, booking space, applying forsupervision of loading/discharge, inspection, testing,weighting or measuring of cargo4. Subject to authorization, signing bills of lading andissuing documents relevant to handing/taking over of cargoor containers and arranging settlements of cargo claims5. Attending to procedure for cargo operations, includingstuffing/unstuffing, transshipment and combinedtransportation of containers6. Attending to marine casualties and salvage; arrangingmedical treatment, replacement and repatriation forcrewmembers7. Attending to chartering, purchase/sale,delivery/redelivery and handing/taking over of ships;signing charter parties and purchase/sale contracts8. On behalf of entrusting parties, calculating and collectingfreight; attending to settlement of despatch money ordemurrageLesson 10 shipping documentsThe circulation of the relevant shipping documents can be illustrated as follows:1. The shipper (or consignor) makes an application to ashipping company or its agent for the shipment of goods byfilling up a booking note2. After the acceptance of booking note, the shipping companyissues a shipping order(S/O)to the shipper, advising him of when and where to deliver the goods alongside the named ship3. The shipper, on the strength of the S/O, goes through thecustoms declaration formalities for outward goods and getsthe goods ready for shipment4. The agent prepares a loading list for the ship according tothe S/O(counter-foil)5. The chief officer works out a stowage plant. A number of copies are sent to the tally company and stevedoring company through the agent for the arrangement of loading anddischarge6. The chief tallyman checks all goods loaded on board against the tally sheets and signs the S/O7. The chief officer, by reference to the tally, endorses the S/O, which then automatically becomes the mate`s receipt(M/R) to be issued to the shipper after loading8. After paying for the freight(prepaid), the shipper turns over the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchangefor the B/L9. The shipper sends the B/L and other relevant documents to the bank for negotiation of payment10. The agent makes out for the ship a suitable number of copies of the export manifest (M/F) and freightmanifest(F/M), which are required by the customs at thelocal port as well as other port of call11. The consignee secures the B/L form the bank by effecting the payment for goods12. The consignee presents the B/L to the shipping companyor agent in exchange for the delivery order(D/O), by whichhe takes delivery of goods at the warehouseLesson 11 collision of ships1. Collision of ships, in term of fault liability, can be classified into three categories: collision caused by fault of one party, collision caused by mixed fault and collision caused by no fault2. A collision report including the following items:1) The exact time of collision2) The position, heading, and speed of each vessel at thetime of collision3) Weather conditions(e.g. visibility, wind, sea and swell,ect,)4) An estimate of angle of collision to the other vessel5) What actions taken by own vessel to avoid collision6) The extent of damage caused to both vessels and the cargoas far as known7) The names of witness to the collision8) General information (e.g. name, nationality, port ofregistry, voyage, ect.) of both vesselsLesson 13 charter party1. Charter parties are diversified into three principalcategories: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat (demise) charter2. The voyage charter is, in essence, a contract of affreightment covering the movement a particular cargo from one designated port to another, at a stipulated rate of freight (charter hire) for each ton ofthe goods actually transported. The shipowner is responsible for all details of vessel operation. The charterer, in addition to putting the cargo within reach of the loading gear, must arrange for the berthing places at port of loading and discharge, and quite often also must contract with stevedores to handle the cargo. Payment for the ship`s services must be made in accordance with the provisions of the charter-party3. The time charter is one under which the shipowner places the services of a ship at the disposal of the charterer for a specified period of time, or rather hires out to the charterer the entire shipping space of a ship for the carriage of cargo on time basis, Unlike the revenue earned under the voyage charter, which is calculated on the tonnage value of the cargo, the time charter hire is calculated on the carrying capacity of the ship plus running cost of the ship, excluding wages. So the larger the ship, the more thecharterer pays4. The bareboat (demise) charter is one under which the shipowner transfers operational control of the ship to the charterer. The vessel must be seaworthy and full equipped at the time she is delivered to the charterer. During the chartering period, the burden and responsibility of operation are assumed by the charterer. The shipowner periodically receives the agreed payment which, as in the time charter, is based upon the deadweight tonnage of the shipLesson 14 sea protest and general average1. A note of sea protest is a declaration or deposition by the master, made under oath, giving full particulars regarding heavy weather or other incident, which may have caused damage to the vessel or cargo during the voyage.2. A ship has met with any of the following circumstances in the course of the voyage, it is advisable for the master to note a sea protest:1) Whenever during the voyage ship encounters conditions ofwind and sea, which may result in damage to cargo2) When form any cause ship is damaged, or feared to bedamaged3) When through stress of weather it has not beenpracticable to adopt normal precautions in the matter ofventilation of perishable cargo4) When cargo is shipped in such a condition as likely tosuffer deterioration during the voyage (but, in this case,protest will not be effective unless B/L was endorsed toshow the condition of cargo at the time of shipment)5) In all case of General Average3. A general average acts when, and only when, anyextraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily andreasonably made or incurred in the time of peril for thepurpose of preserving the property imperiled in the commonadventure.4. Particular average is a term applied to any accidental loss,less than a total loss of vessel and cargo, by a peril whichis not of a general average nature信函:(less3)Write a application to Immigration Office in the port of Yokohama, Japan, requesting twenty-four landing permits for the crew members of your ship on your arrival at thesaid port如下:M.V. “XXX”Port of Yokohama10 August, 2000The Immigration OfficePort of Yokohama, JapanDear Sirs,Re: Crew List VisaIn accordance with the regulations of Japan Government, any Chinese seamen in and with the ship sailing for a Japan port must get Crew List Visaed by the Japan Embassy or Consulate in the last port of call in order that they can get landing permits when the ship arrives at the Japan port.Manned with 24 Chinese seamen, my ship is bound for the port of Yokohama after completion of discharging at this port. I am hereby writing to ask you to take our Crew List to Japan Consulate for Visa, weenclose herewith 4 copies of Crew List and shall be must obliged if you would kindly management this matter without delay.Yours truly,(Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”信函翻译:致亚丁港(port of Aden)“ABC”船务代理行代理先生:申请验船师请您安排劳氏(Lloyd`s)验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等(deck fitting)在本航次从新加坡至亚丁港途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

国际航运物流英语函电课文International Shipping and Logistics English Correspondence Text Dear Sir/Madam,We are writing to inquire about the availability of international shipping and logistics services for our company. We are a multinational corporation based in [Country] and we have been looking for reliable partners in the field of transportation and logistics.Our company specializes in [briefly describe your company's area of expertise]. Over the years, we have expanded our operations globally and we now require efficient and cost-effective shipping services to transport our goods to various destinations around the world. We are particularly interested in sea freight services, as most of our products are bulky and require transportation via cargo ships.In addition to shipping services, we are also seeking assistance with customs clearance, warehousing, and distribution. As our business grows, we need a dependable logistics partner who can handle the complexities of international trade regulations and provide secure storage and timely delivery of our products.We would appreciate if you could provide us with detailed information about your company's services, including the types of shipments you handle, the locations you operate in, and the range of value-added services you offer. Furthermore, please let us know if you have experience in dealing with customs procedures and ifyou have any certifications or accreditations that ensure your commitment to quality and compliance.In order to evaluate your suitability as our logistics partner, we kindly request a quotation for our specific shipping requirements. Please include the pricing details for both FCL (Full Container Load) and LCL (Less than Container Load) shipments, including any applicable charges for customs clearance, warehousing, and distribution.Lastly, we would appreciate if you could provide us with references or testimonials from other clients who have used your services. This will help us better understand your capabilities and track record in the industry.We look forward to receiving your response and hope to establish a long-term partnership with your company. Thank you for your attention to this matter.Yours sincerely,[Your Name][Your Title/Position][Your Company Name][Your Contact Information]。

1.兹有一批自行车货物500箱由上海装运到孟买，请给我们报价包括码头费，驳船费，卸货及其费用在内的运费率。

We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghai to Bombay .please quote us your freight rate including dockage, lighterage, discharging and other costs.2.我公司“泰山轮”定于10月5日离开上海开往里斯本。

如果贵公司有货由该轮托运的话，请立即电示我们。

The M.V.”TAI SHAN”of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on Oct.5.Please fax/cable us if you have any consignment to be shipped by this vessel.3.兹告知本公司可按贵方要求为你的货物保留足够的舱位。

请将托运申请书填好寄来，以换取装货单，但运费必须先付。

This is to inform you that we are able to reserve enough space for your shipment as per as your request. Please complete and return the application form in exchange for our shipping order, but freight to be prepaid.4.关于你本月4日的来信要求舱位增加货载之事，现在告知“ABC”轮舱位不能收容更多的货物，无法照办为歉。

With regard to the accommodation for additional cargo as requested in your letter of 4 inst(of this month),please be informed that the M.V.ABC is unable to accommodate any more cargo, for which we feel regret.5.使用集装箱运输货物的主要优越性是：装卸简便，货损货失风险小，运费低廉和交货迅速及时等。

四、1.提货take delivery of cargo2.加燃油replenish bunkers3.向我方报价quote us your rate4.托运单shipping application5.归因于be attributable to6.另函邮寄mail under separate cover7.随行就市be subject to change on account of the situation of the shipping market8.预付运费freight prepaid 9.按期开航sail to schedule10.亏舱broken space六、绕航 deviate 迅速遣返 speedy repatriation偷渡者 stowaway 办理出境手续 o through the exit formalities 由...护送under the escort of 转至可靠医院治疗 refer to a reliable hospital根据我国法规 according to the statutes of my country请把所有费用记在我公司帐上 please charge all expenses (incurred) to my company’s七、扫舱Sweep out cargo holds 绑扎和紧固 lash and secure克尽职责 exercise due diligence 在规定的时间内 within the stipulated time符合托运人的要求in compliance with shipper’s request要考虑的积载因素 the stowage factor to be taken into consideration由于我们无法控制的情况due to the circumstances beyond our control使收货人完全满意to the entire satisfaction of consignee在本航次回航中on the present homeward voyage八、易腐货perishable goods 固有的特性 inherent nature原残original damage 声称的货损alleged cargo damage工残stevedore damage 受污染货物stained cargo有举证责任 bear the burden of proof 对...提出投诉lodge a complaintagainst九、建立业务关系establish business relationship 港口细则port particulars进港指南the Guide to Port Entry 为您提供竭诚服务render you untiring services 中国外轮代理公司业务章程 the Business Regulationsof PENAVICO十、货运单证shipping documents 货物溢/短单overlanded/ shorlanded cargo list不可转让提单non-negotiable B/L 索赔人 claimant保赔协会protection and indemnity (P&I) club倒签提单anti-dated/ back-dated B/L 已装船提单shipped/ on board B/L 备运提单received for shipment B/L十一、海损事故marine accident 追越船the overtaking vessel操船不当the ship is improper 不可抗力 force majeure采取有效的行动take effective actions十二、海难peril of the sea 意外事故fortuitous accident额外风险extraneous risks 现场证据on-the-spot evidence潜在缺陷latent defect 对油污索赔进行抗辩defend the claim foroil-pollution公平合理地解决问题settle the problem in a fair and reasonable way十三、租船运输carriage of goods under charter 速/滞费despatch / demurrage 供审阅for your perusal 装卸准备就绪通知书Notice of Readiness规定的受载期stipulated laydays 根据双方协议on the basis of mutual agreement根据租船合同in accordance with/ under the charter party（船方）不负责装卸/堆装费FIOS (free in and out stowed)十四、各受益方all benefited interests 提出海事声明note a sea protest 有意搁浅voluntary grounding 单独海损particular average共同海损分摊G.A. adjustment 无效果-无报酬救助契约No cure-No pay salvage contract十五、装箱单packing list 权益转让书 letter of subrogation权衡利弊weigh the pros and cons 初步（成立）的证据prima facie evidence以不妨碍（权利为限）without prejudice 悬而未决的索赔an outstanding claim以友好的方式解决索赔settle a claim in an amicable way1.（For your information）兹通知贵方：“London”轮已于昨日安全抵达本港。

国际航运业务英语与函电复习资料before breaking bulk (BBB)开仓卸货前,pilot on board (POB)引航员登船heavy diesel oil (H.D.O.)重柴油, China Classification Society (CCS), American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), port of call挂靠港estimated time of departure (ETD), Tally Certificate理货单, Chief Officer (C/O), China Ocean Shipping Agency中国外轮代理公司deratting exemption certificate 免于除鼠证书, under separate cover在另函中, Freight Prepaid预付运费, Freight to Collect到付运费,customs formality通关手续, customs clearance通关, cubic feet (CBFT/CUFT)立方英尺, awkward cargoes大件货, securing系固, lashing绑扎, dunnage,垫舱IMDG Code国际货规, Dangerous Cargo Anchorage危险货物锚地, laytime statement of facts (SOF)装卸时间事实记录, within the stipulated time 在规定时间内, shut out退关, all the parties concerned相关各方, indemnity letter (letter of indemnity, LOI)保函, the whole lot of一整票rough handling,野蛮装卸outturn report卸货报告, logbook航海日志, log entry航海日志记录, tween-deck双层甲板间, lower hold底层舱, survey report鉴定报告, spare no effort不遗余力, bear the burden of proof 负有举证责任Steamship (S.S)机动船, shipment装船, , partial shipment分批货, POD POC, POA port of departure,call,arrival, port of transshipment 中转港, port surcharge港口费, port capacity港口生产能力, port disbursement港口使费，transshipment not allowed转运不允许Customs海关, Immigration Office边检, Customs formalities海关手续, customs declaration报关通关, fumigation熏舱, entrusting party委托方, despatch money速遣费, demurrage滞期费, canvass cargoes拉票货物, Notice Of Readiness (N/R)装卸准备就绪通知书, generalagent总代理,sole agent独家代理Booking Note (B/N)托运单，Tally Sheet理货单, Cargo Manifest (M/F)货物舱单, Freight Manifest (F/M)运费清单S/O: shipping order 装货单M/R: mate's receipt 收货单、大副收据5.L/L: loading list 装货清单 6.M/F: manifest 载货清单、舱单7.F/M: freight manifest 载货运费清单8.D/O: delivery order 提货单Fixture Note定租确认书 1.LOA: length overall 船长2.GRT: gross registered tonnage 总注册吨3.NRT: net registered tonnage 净注册吨4.DW: deadweight 载重吨5.Notify Party通知人, Original Bill Of Lading 正本提单, Negotiable可转让的, Overlanded/ Shortlanded Cargo List溢短装货物清单, Received For Shipment B/L收货待运提单; Anti-dated B/L倒签提单, Advanced B/L预借提单34.货物查询单 cargo tracer Tamp Shipping不定期船运输, Chartering Broker租船经纪人, Voyage Charter航次租船, Time Charter期租, Bareboat (Demise) Charter光租,, Cargo Capacity载货能力,MOLOO: more or less at owner's option 船东选择或多或少6.OSB: one safe berth 一个安全泊位8.FIO: free in and out 出租人（船方）不负担装卸费11.LIFO: liner in, free out 出租人负担装货费用，但不负担卸货费用13.FIOST: free in and out, stowed and trimmed 出租人不负担装卸费用、积载及平舱费用15.WWDSHEX-EIU: weather working days Sundays and holidays excepted , even if used 晴天工作日，星期天和节假日除外，即使已使用16.CQD: customary quick dispatch 按港口习惯速遣、按港口习惯尽快装卸17.DHD: dispatch half demurrage 速遣费是滞期费的一半18.C/P: charter party 租船合同，租约19.M/T: metric ton 公吨Address Commission回扣佣金委托佣金//////提货 take delivery of the cargo2.与你方结账 settle the account with you3.向我方报价 quote us your freight rate4.运费率 freight rate5.航班 frequency of sailing6.航期 transit time7.加载货 additional cargo8.随行就市 be subject to market fluctuation9.预付运费 freight prepaid11.扫舱 sweep the cargo hold/hold sweeping2.改航 diversion13.卸载报告 outturn report16.克尽职责 exercise due diligence17.易腐货 perishable cargo18.固有的特性 inherent nature19.装载疏忽 negligence in stowage20.原残 original damage21.工残 stevedore damage22.通风不良 insufficient ventilation23.有举证责任 bear the burden of proof24.对……提出投诉 lodge/file a complaint against sb for sth25.建立业务关系 establish business relationship26.港口使费 port disbursements/port dues and charges27.委托代理 agency appointment28.代理费 agency fee29.揽货 canvass/solicit cargo30.进港指南 guide to port entry31.为进出口货载办理报手续续 attend to customs declaration formalities for inward and outward ship ments33免除公司责任 relieve the company of responsibility36.保赔协会 P&I club32、尽可放心rest assured34如你所知as you are well aware三、句子翻译申请验船师请您安排劳氏（Lloyd's）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fittings）在本次航次从新加坡至亚丁途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

课后写作申请验船师请您安排劳氏验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等在本航次从新加坡至亚丁遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

并安排一位货物验船师在卸货之前来检查和确认所有船舱内所装货物的状况。

望迅速办理此事，不胜感激。

“泰河”轮船长谨启签名亚丁港 20 年8月10号Re:Application for SurveyorsYou are kindly requested to arrange for LIoyd’s surveyor to come on board my vessel as soon as possible to inspect and verify the extent of the damage to our deck fitting etc.by the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. please also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo stowed in all holds before dischargeYour prompt attention to this matter will be much appreciated.Yours faithfully(Signed)Master of M.V”TAI HE”( I wish to inform you that the deck fitting etc.of my vessel were damage due to the storm we we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. You are kindly requested to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to attend my vessel immediately to inspect and verify the extent of the damage .please also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulkI should be obliged if you manage this matter without delay)事由:码头工人意外事故代理先生：我遗憾的告知在20..年2月15日上午7时左右，本船在你装货港时，以为名叫希尔顿的码头工人，34岁，不慎自3号舱二层柜舱口跌入底舱，头部受伤严重，当即昏迷不醒。

《航运英文函电》课后练习---参考答案（注: 以下仅供参考）Lesson 3Ex. IIIApplication for SurveyorYou are kindly requested to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to attend my vessel as soon as possible so as to ascertain and verify the extent of the damages we sustained to the deck fittings done by the storm encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden, and also to arrange for a cargo surveyor to examine and verify the condition of the cargo stowed in all hatches prior to discharge.Your prompt attention to this matter will be highly appreciated.Lesson 4Ex. I1. take delivery of the goods2. replenish bunkers 3 . settle accounts with you4. quote us your rate5. freight rate6. booking note / consignment note7. scheduled sailing 8. be attributable to 9. sailing schedule10. additional cargo 11. subject to change on account of the situation of market12. mail under separate cover 13. freight prepaid 14. conference tariff15. sail to schedule 16. broken spaceEx. IV1. We shall have ready for shipment from Shanghai to Bombay 500 cases of bicycle goods. Please quote us your freight rate for them, inclusive of wharfage, lighterage as well as discharging and other costs.2. The M.V. “Tai Shan” of my company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on Oct. 5. Please promptly cable us if your company has any goods to be carried by this vessel.3. This is to advise you that our company could allot enough space for your shipment as per your request. Please fill up and return the Application Form attached herewith in exchange for Shipping Order, but freight to be prepaid.4. With regard to the accommodation for additional cargo as requested in your letter of 4 inst., please be informed that the M.V. ABC is unable to accommodate any more cargo, for which we feel regret.5. The utilization of containers for shipment represents the great advantages as follows: the facilitation in cargo handling, less risk of cargo loss and damage, lower rate for freight and speedy and timely delivery, etc. Particularly, the development in multi-modal transport system offers an efficient model for the carriage of goods.Lesson 5Ex III1. I regret to inform you that at about 04:10 p.m. today an accident happened on board my ship.2. The accident involved a winch man, who was struck and wounded at his left shoulder while lifting cargo and likely received fracture.3. I am extremely sorry for such an accident, which happened on board my ship. According to my investigation, none of our crew except the stevedores was on the scene on that occasion.4. My ship’s doctor suggested me that the injured person be sent ashore to a reliable hospital for operation.5. So far as I know from my experience, in no way should the accident be attributable to the breakage or imperfection of my ship’s installations.6. The true cause of the accident will certainly be as clear as noonday if you send your representative to make a further investigation on the persons concerned.Ex IVRe: Accident of a StevedoreI regret to inform you that at about 7 am on 15 February 2000, while loading at your port, one stevedore by the name of Hillman, aged 34, accidentally fell from the hatchway of No.3 hatch tween deck into lower hold, and seriously injured his head and became unconscious at that moment. The occurrence was reported to me instantly. Being given first-aid treatment by ship’s doctor, the injured person, accompanied by the doctor, was taken by an ambulance to the near hospital for treatment. While the next day the ship’s doctor phoned me that unfortunately the aforesaid stevedore had died of the extremely serious injury.So far as I know, the aforesaid mishap was solely due to the stevedore’s negligence. I hereby state that my ship is not in any way responsible for it. Thank you for your kind attention to this matter.Lesson 6Ex. I1. deviate2. radio medical inquiry3. speedy repatriation4. complain of chest pain5. stowaway6. go through the exit formalities7. progress of illness8. under the escort of9. according to the statutes of my country 10. refer to reliable hospital11. unsuitable for working onboard ocean vessel 12. prevent recurrence of such incident13. Please charge all expenses (incurred) to my company’s accountEx IVWe have been in receipt of your letter dated July 21, 2003 under Ref. CN/451. We would like to take this opportunity of expressing, on behalf of Mr. Smith and his family, our sincere gratitude for the timely treatment you offered to Mr. Smith during his stay at yours.Mr. Smith said that he would not have been so quickly repatriated had he not received your timely and generous assistance. And he further expressed that he would make every effort to promote the friendship between the peoples of our two nations. Please once again accept our sincere thinks and we are always ready to reciprocate your kindness.Lesson 7Ex. I1.sweep out cargo holds2. divert the shipment3. Outturn Report4. shut-out cargo5. transshipment cargo6. lash and secure7. exercise due diligence8. within the stipulated time9. in compliance with shipper’s request 10. the stowage factor to be taken consideration11. due to the circumstances beyond our control 12. to the entire satisfaction of consignee13. manifest inconsistency 14. on the present homeward voyageEx. III1. Such being the case, the marks of the consignment are indistinct and the ship is not responsible for any consequences arising therefrom.2. You may rest assured that we will take all precautions available to protect the goods against any damage both in transit and handling.3. I have to inform you with regret that 300 bags of rice were shut out due to insufficient space through ourmisstatement. My ship, therefore, would bear all the expenses thus incurred.4. As you are aware, these weights of heavy lifts are far beyond the lifting capacity of ship’s facilities. Please contact the Harbor Administration as soon as possible with regard to arranging the discharge of these goods by shore cranes.5. Shippers should, prior to loading, furnish the Owner or Master of vessel with a copy of the Declaration of Dangerous Goods, stating that the goods have been properly packed, marked and labeled in accordance with the requirements of the I.M.D.G. Code.6. It is inevitable that the goods will be mixed up in that the stevedores handle them in such a manner.Lesson 8Ex. I1. perishable goods2. inherent nature3. negligence in stowage4. original damage5. vermin infestation6. alleged cargo damage7. stevedore damage8. inefficient ventilation9. under the strict supervision 10. opinion without any support 11. in rush loading 12.deterioration of contents 13. stained cargo 14. leakage of contents 15. hoops off 16. bear the burden of proof 17. lodge a complaint against 18. sufficient dunnage mats and woods 19. Bang Up and Bilge FreeEx.IIIDamage to 150 cases of Oranges Ex M.V. “Hua Xing”B/L No.184 Y okohama/ VancouverWe have been in receipt of your letter of 25 February under reference No. BK-26, from which we learn that on the voyage from Yokohama to Vancouver, among the 2000 cases of oranges under the B/L No.184, there are 150 cases damaged, for which we feel much regret.The cargo in question was stowed in No.2 hatch lower hold and tween deck. Prior to loading, the Lloyd’s surveyor at port of Yokohama had carried out a thorough inspection on the above spaces. The condition of coolness and ventilation system within the spaces was found in full compliance with the standards for transit and to the satisfaction of the surveyor and shipper. During the voyage, we also paid special attention to the efficient ventilation for the aforesaid cargo.In view of the above, we feel sure that the damage you alleged must be attributable to the inherent nature of the commodity, which was beyond our control. So, we cannot be held responsible therefor.In addition, we wish to take this opportunity to bring it to your attention that damage of this nature would be unavoidable should shippers make no improvement on packing.We hope this will receive your full understanding.Lesson 9Ex. I1. establish business relationship2. port charges3. appoint an agent4. agency commission5. canvass cargo6. port particulars7. quarantine anchorage8. the Guide to Port Entry 9. assure quick delivery of cargo 10. fumigate the cargo holds 11. render you untiring services 12. at the discretion of Port Operations13. go through the customs declaration formalities for inward / outward shipments14. the Business Regulations of PENA VICO15. regularly report the ship’s movements and schedule of operationsEx. IV1. Owing to the rapid development of trade between out two nations, we feel sure that more of our ships will call at yours and others in your country in the future.2. We appreciate that the particular data about your port we asked for may require of you some extra work, for which we feel much regret.3. Your letter of 24 May has been duly received. Upon contemplation we have decided to formally appoint you as our agent at the port of Libreville.4. Enclosed herewith please find one copy of the draft “Agency Agreement”. Please go through all the terms thereof and kindly advise us whether you agree to or not.5. For our convenience in considering your request, please advise us the status and business scope of your good company.6. We very much appreciate your p roposal that you be our ship’s agent at the port of Singapore. Having had long-time agent at this port, we are not yet prepared to appoint another agent, for which we feel much regret.7. Each vessel must, 2 to 3 hours prior to arrival at port, confirm with the Harbor Administration the stipulated pilot embarkation ground and her ETA.Lesson 10Ex. I1. shipping documents2. exempt the company from liability3. cargo manifests in triplicate4. cargo tracer5. overlanded /shortlanded cargo list6. non-negotiable B/L7. claimant 8. debit note 9. P & I Club 10. self-explanatory11. above reproach 12. credit note 13. anti-dated B/L 14. shipped B/L15. received for shipment B/L 16. marine fraud 17. out of proportion to its importanceEx. IV1. According to the Bill of Lading clause 8, if the goods are not taken delivery of by the receiver from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the receiver refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods, the carrier shall be at liberty to land such goods on shore or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the receiver or shipper.2. We have to remind you that should the goods coming forward for shipment be in damaged condition, no any clean bill of lading is to be issued.3. It is the standing rule of shipping that a remark in the bill of lading as to the damaged cargo coming forward for shipment does not relieve the carrier of responsibility for the damage done to other cargo.4. In no case should Letter of Indemnity be accepted without obtaining our prior consent.5. Therefore, we agree to pay on demand for any claim that may arise from the aforesaid shipment. And we hereby undertake to indemnify you and/or your owners against all consequences that you may suffer from your so doing.6. At shipper’s request, we hereby authorize you to sign anti-dated bill of lading and issue to shipper same against Letter of Indemnity on the condition that the Letter of Indemnity has been presented to you and the goods have come under your custody.Lesson 12Ex. I1. peril of the sea2. hull insurance3. fortuitous accident4. extraneous risks5. P & I Club6. mooring buoy7. insufficient strength8. wear and tear9. on-the-spot evidence 10. latent defect 11. depreciation 12. oil spillage13. inconsistent with the facts 14. repairing voucher15. settle the problem in a fair and reasonable way 16. defend the claim for oil pollutionEx. III1.Re: Damage to Hand RailsI regret to inform you that a part of hand rails and the two associated stanchions on the starboard side in way of No.3 hatch were damaged this morning during loading at your port due to the fault on the part of the stevedores, resulting in 5 meters in length being distorted and deformed.Please take this matter up with the stevedoring company and request them to complete the rush repair and replacement to the said damage before sailing. The cost of repair thus incurred is to be fully for their account.We hope this will receive your great attention and thank you in advance.2. This is to advise you that at 0700 a.m. this morning the above captioned vessel, while being pushed getting alongside by 2 tugs, struck the pier at her poop.After the occurrence the port authority immediately called for relevant engineering technicians to examine the lower structure of the pier and in the meantime took photo-record of the scene.Findings of investigation show that owing to dash the wall of the pier was found with 2 cracks in it, the cemented cover fell off and 2 pillars at the pier were slightly damaged.The port authority decreed that the owners be liable for the compensation of USD30,000. Nevertheless the master of M.V. “A” was of the following opinion: This accident was solely due to the fault on the part of the tugs in that their walkie-talkies were out of function in berthing communication and the tugs failed to follow pilot’s order to stop their engines immediately. Under such circumstances there is no reason to hold the owners responsible for such an unfair compensation.So far this matter is still under negotiation and we’ll keep you informed of any news when available.Lesson 13Ex. I1.tramp shipping2. address commission3. fixture note4. hire5.despatch/ demurrage money6. tariff7. laytime statement of facts8. for your perusal9.notice of readiness to load/ discharge 10. stipulated laydays 11. as per mutual agreement 12. as per charter party 13.refer to laytime sheets 14. volume to move per vessel 15. FIOSEx IV2 We have been in receipt of your letter of April 5 under Ref. FD-HY/93. As regards the despatch of the M.S. “Noelle” for the discharge of steel round bar at Shanghai, we have expressed it clear in our letter No.324 dated March 18. We shall, on behalf of the China Import and Export Corporation, settle the accounts with you in accordance with the Contract of Sale No.2FEE09019D. Charges should be determined as per the terms of the Contract of Sale except for daily rate of despatch / demurrage being in accordance with the stipulations of Charter Party, which please appreciate.Enclosed herewith you will find two copies of Statement of Account from my company. Please reply as soon as you can if no objection.Lesson14Ex. I1. all benefited parties2. note a sea protest3. voluntary stranding4. particular average5. repairing voucher6. port of refuge7. adjustment of G/A8. jettison of cargo9. contribution to G/A 10. notary public 11. salvage remuneration 12. value of property saved 13. provide G/A security 14. salvage agreement on the basis of “No cure, No pay”Ex IVThe Owner of the aforesaid vessel advised us that according to the Master’s Report received, the said vessel ran aground after leaving Antwerp on September 22. The vessel, at about 5 hours of the occurrence, managed to refloat herself and resume her voyage. It was stated in the Master’s Report that in view of the nature of the accident and no leakage being found upon his careful examination on fuel tanks and bilges of the ship, he felt sure that the seaworthiness of the ship was unimpaired, now she being en route to the port of destination.However, the Owner feared that damages might have been done to the ship in the course of refloating and therefore he declared General Average. Please bring the foregoing circumstances to the attention of Charterers and request them to issue G. A. Bonds to Master at the port of discharge, and also ask them to advise us of the name and address of cargo insurers so that we can require the latter to provide Letters of Guarantee in a usual form.Lesson 15Ex. 11. Packing List2. claim documents3. letter of subrogation4. omission5. stuff/ unstuff a container6. breakdown7. customs of the trade8. way ports9. compensate ex gratia 10. weigh the pros and cons 11. such being the case / the die having been cast 12. letter of conclusion 13. prima facie evidence 14. without prejudice (to)15. CY/CY container 16. an outstanding claim 17. settle a claim in an amicable wayEx. IV1. It is obvious that the shortage of the arrived cargo was due to the negligence in stowing the container. Such shortage would have been avoided had due attention been paid in stowage. So we reserve the right to claim therefor.2. Having closely studied the relevant documents, we are of the opinion that the claim cannot be accepted in the light of the following grounds.3. As regards the claim that you lodged against us for wet damage to the goods under the B/L No.HF175, we would like to suggest that we pay the claim on the basis of 25% of the loss you sustained and that is the greatest compromise we can make. If you insist on the original claim, we shall propose that the case be referred to arbitration.4. As the eight over-landed cases of bicycle parts were largely pilfered while in your warehouse, and were thus not enough to offset those short-landed at Rotterdam. We, therefore, had to pay to the consignees USD1,200 for settling the case. Please debit the payment to my company’s account.5. Clearly, this damage took place in transit while the goods were under your custody. Therefore we are of the opinion that you should be held liable for the loss amounting to USD2500.Lesson 17 EX III4. RYC8TH NORFOLK ETB/COLON VSL/ARRIVD SHAI/6TH STILL UNBERTHED DUE/PORT CONGESTION ACCORDING PORT ARRANGEMT ETB/TOMORROW/EVENING IF/WEATHER POOR/DELAY POSSIBLE REVERTINGLesson 18Ex II1 DUE/STRIKE LONDON GLORY RIVER DIVERTING ROTTERDAM ETA29/520T CGO/LONDON TOBE DISCHARGED ROTTERDAM EXTRA/EXPENSES CONSIGEES ACCOUNT ACCORDING COSCOB/L CLAUSE25 PLSCONFIRM /ARRANGECOSCO GUANGZHOU2 COSCO SHAHE SAILED HAMBURG/FELISTOWE ENROUTE 1524UTC ONE/ENGINR ACCIDENTL Y FELL FM/LADDER TO/DECK HEAD SERIOUSL Y INJURED URGREQUIRE HELICOPTER TAKE/HIM HOSPITAL PSN524105N 0030502EMASTER3 MV/MEIHAI DEMURRAGE BILLS MAILED14/6 PAYMENT AGREEABLE REGRET AFT3MONTHS REMITTANCE STILL UNRECEIVED IF/NONPAYMENT DEADLINE 30/11 NECESSARY ACTIONS/TO BE/TAKEN ACCORDING C/PPENA VICO SHAI4 OWING SHIPPERS MISTAKE BLADING/QLB15014 20FT/CTNR/HTM8042833 MISSHIPPED TO/BIRMINGHAM/USA INSTEAD BIRMINGHAM/UK PLSARRANGE TRANSHIP SAME/EX COSCO/VSL USWC/SINO TO/HK WHERE EX/VSL SINO/EURO TO/UK PLSADVISE EXTRA/EXPENSES LA TEST/MOVEMENTS TRANSHIPMT FYG 2ND/LEG FREIGHT TO/BE SETTLED WITH/COSCO VIA/OURS PENA VICO SHAILesson 20EX III1 RYT20/7 MAX DFT 48FT A T ANTWERP IN NML WTHR CONDI N LOA RESTRICTED TO 885FT. OWING PRSNT CONGESTN IN LOADPORT RQST VSL GV 15 DAYS NOTICE PRIOR ARVL. PLS CFM BY RTN TLX BEF 30TH. B/R.2TO: PICC SHAI BRANCHFM: PNI CLUBS26/8/2004RE: MV”ITALIAN STAR” ITAL Y/CHINA---STEEL/GENERALSSBJ VSL HS BN LOADED WIZ CGO A T GENOA FOR UR COUNTRY. IST DISPORT SHAI ETA 20/9. PLS ARNG DISCH SURVEY A T EACH PORT, INCL SHAI DALIAN N XIN’GANG. AS THE VSL IS CHTRD BY ZHONGZU, THEY CUD INFM ROTA TN. PLS CFM.TKS/RGDS。

国际航运业务与函电Part one:1. In the first instance=首先2. Last but not least= 最后但并非不重要的3. consists of= 由…组成4. in regard to= 有关，关于5. without delay= 立刻，赶快6. In accordance with= 根据7. next port of call=下一挂港8. in compliance with=根据9. prior to=之前, 预先10. Freight Prepaid＝预付运费11. consists of…＝由…组成12. in regard to＝有关，关于13. before hand＝提前14. shipowner＝船舶所有人15. cargoowner＝货物所有人16 . in compliance with＝根据17. relating to＝有关18. Through Bill of Lading”＝转船提单19. Direct Bill of Lading＝直达提单20. quick dispatch＝速遣Part two:1. 附加货= additional cargo2. 速遣= quick dispatch3. 收到= . in receipt of4. 亏舱位= broken space5. 右舷= starboard side6. 目击者；见证人＝6. witness7. 三付＝3rd Officer8. 码头工人＝Docker9. 一月＝January10. 保函＝letter of indemnity11、加燃油＝add bunkers12、与你方结帐＝(debit to your account)13、运费率＝(freight rate)14、托运单＝shipping order)15、航期＝shipping schedule)16、加载货＝(additional cargo17、随行就市＝price fluctuate in response to market condition18、预付运费＝(freight prepaid)19、公会运价表＝(conference tariff20、按期开航＝(scheduled sailingPart three:1、One of the important documents for sea transport is called the Bill of Lading, which is a receipt given by the shipowner or their agents evidencing the receipt Of the goods mentioned in the B/L. A B/L singed by the captain after he receives and inspects the goods on board the ship is called a shipped B/L. If the goods are damaged before they reach the ship the captain or the shipowners issue a foult B/L. If the captain receives the goods on board in apparent good order and condition, the full title of the document he signs is a clean , shipped on board Bill of Lading". The holder of a Bill of Lading can transfer possession of the goods to another person or company by endorce or signing on the back of it. The details printed on the B/L must include the Port of loading and the port of discharging The type of payment must also be stated.2、In reply to your letter of December 12th the M.S. MORNINGSTAR is receiving general cargo from January 12th to 18th, inclusive and is expected toCommence loading on 14th. Particularly that there is no undue delay, we see no reason why your goods should not be on board by 15th although this can not be guaranteed. We suggest the 3 cases should be delivery to the ship on the opening day and we will do our utmost to comply with you request.Part four:1、5月24日来信及时收到，经仔细考虑，我们决定正式委托你们作为我们在利伯维尔港（port of Libreville)的船舶代理。

国际航运业务英语与函电一、缩略语（10题共20分）Shipping documents1.B/N: booking note 托运单2.S/O: shipping order 装货单、关单、下货纸3.M/R: mate's receipt 收货单、大副收据4.B/L: bill of lading 提单5.L/L: loading list 装货清单6.M/F: manifest 载货清单、舱单7.F/M: freight manifest 载货运费清单、运费舱单8.D/O: delivery order 提货单Charter party1.LOA: length overall 船长2.GRT: gross registered tonnage 总注册吨3.NRT: net registered tonnage 净注册吨4.DW: deadweight 载重5.MOLOO: more or less at owner's option 船东选择或多或少6.OSB: one safe berth 一个安全泊位7.OSP: one safe port 一个安全港口8.FIO: free in and out 出租人（船方）不负担装卸费9.FI: free in 出租人不负担装货费用10.FO: free out 出租人不负担卸货费用11.LIFO: liner in, free out 出租人负担装货费用，但不负担卸货费用12.FILO: free in, liner out 出租人不负担装货费用，但负担卸货费用13.FIOST: free in and out, stowed and trimmed 出租人不负担装卸费用、积载及平舱费用14.WWDSHEX-UU: weather working days Sundays and holidays excepted, unless used 晴天工作日，星期天和节假日除外，除非已使用15.WWDSHEX-EIU: weather working days Sundays and holidays excepted, even if used 晴天工作日，星期天和节假日除外，即使已使用16.CQD: customary quick dispatch 按港口习惯速遣、按港口习惯尽快装卸17.DHD: dispatch half demurrage 速遣费是滞期费的一半18.C/P: charter party 租船合同，租约19.M/T: metric ton 公吨二、短语翻译（20题共20分）1.提货 take delivery of the cargo2.与你方结账 settle the account with you3.向我方报价 quote us your freight rate4.运费率 freight rate5.航班 frequency of sailing6.航期 transit time7.加载货 additional cargo8.随行就市 be subject to market fluctuation9.预付运费 freight prepaid10.亏舱 broken space/stowage11.扫舱 sweep the cargo hold/hold sweeping12.改航 diversion13.卸载报告 outturn report14.退关货 shut out cargo15.转船货 transshipped cargo16.克尽职责 exercise due diligence17.易腐货 perishable cargo18.固有的特性 inherent nature19.装载疏忽 negligence in stowage20.原残 original damage21.工残 stevedore damage22.通风不良 insufficient ventilation23.有举证责任 bear the burden of proof24.对……提出投诉 lodge/file a complaint against sb for sth25.建立业务关系 establish business relationship26.港口使费 port disbursements/port dues and charges27.委托代理 agency appointment28.代理费 agency fee29.揽货 canvass/solicit cargo30.进港指南 guide to port entry31.为进出口货载办理报手续续 attend to customs declaration formalities for inward and outward shipments32.货运单证 shipping document33.免除公司责任 relieve the company of responsibility34.货物查询单 cargo tracer35.货物溢短单 overlanded/shortlanded cargo list36.保赔协会 P&I club37.倒签提单 anti-dated bill of lading38.已装船提单 shipped/on board bill of lading39.备运提单 received for shipment bill of lading三、句子翻译（5题共20分）1. P25III致亚丁湾（port of Aden）"ABC"船务代理行代理先生：申请验船师请您安排劳氏（Lloyd's）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fittings）在本次航次从新加坡至亚丁途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

案）（练习答业运务英语与函电 +国际航2LessonEx. III W. K. WEBSTER & CO.6 Lloyd's Avenue Tel: 01-3007744London EC3N 3AX Telex: 896051 WKW LDNU.K. Fax: 01-3091266th February, 2005 Your Ref: MH36/P 5 Our Ref : CW/41The People's Insurance Co. of ChinaP&I Correspondent Service23 Zhong Shan Road (E1)ShanghaiChinaDear Sir,Re: M.V. “Cresco”─ damage to pier, 20/1/2005Body of the letter (Omitted)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Yours faithfully,J. WilliamsJ. Williams (Mr.)Manager of Shipping Dept.Encl: -Surveyor's Report-Repair ListCC: -Shanghai Harbour Administration -PANAVICO ShanghaiJW/msIV.ABC Shipping AgencyPort of AdenDear Sir/AgentRe: Application for SurveyorsWould you be kind enough to arrange for a Lloyd's surveyor to come on boardmy vessel as soon as possible to inspect and verify the extent of the damage toour deck fittings etc. which occurred during the storm we encountered on the presentvoyage from Singapore to Aden. Please also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspectand confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulk. Your immediate attention to this matter will be much appreciated.Yours faithfully,(Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”(Or: I wish to inform you that the deck fittings etc. of my vessel were damageddue to the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. Youare kindly requested to arrange for a Lloyd's surveyor to attend my vessel immediately to inspect and verify the extent of the damage. Please also arrangefor a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holdsbefore breaking bulk.I should be obliged if you could manage this matter without delay.) Lesson 4I. take delivery of the cargo; replenish bunkers; settle the account with you;quote us your freight rate; shipping application frequency of sailing be attributable to transit time additional cargobe subject to change with the market / be subject to market fluctuation under separate cover / by separate post freight prepaid freight to collect (到付运费) conference tariffsail to schedule broken space / stowageIV．1. We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghaito Bombay. Please quote us your freight rate including dockage (wharfage),lighterage, unloading charge and other expenses.th of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on 5”Tai He“2. The M.V.October. Please fax us your instructions without delay if you have any consignmentto be shipped by this vessel.3.This is to inform you that we are able to reserve as requested sufficient spaceforyour cargo. You are kindly requested to complete the shipping application andsendit duly to us in exchange for our Shipping Order, but the freight mustbe prepaid.4.With regard to the accommodation for the additional cargo as requestedin yourth of this month, we wish to inform you that the M.V. “ABC” letter dated4 hasnomore space allotted for that cargo. We regret that we cannot do what you wish.5.The main advantages of container serve are : easy handling of cargo; less riskofcargo damage or loss; low freight and prompt delivery. Especially, the developmentof “Multimodal Container Transport” system provides a highly efficient modeofcargo transport.Lesson 7绕航 deviation 无线电医疗咨询 medical advice by radio 迅速遣返 swift repatriation 办理出境手续 go through exit formalities偷渡者 the stowaway 根据我国法规 in accordance with ourlawsand regulations_____________________________________________________________________ I. hold sweeping; diversion; outturn report; shut out cargo;transshipped cargo; lashing and securing; exercise due diligence; the cargo/parcel in question; within stipulated time; conform with the shipper's request; the stowage factors to beconsidered;to the entire satisfaction of the consignee; obvious discrepancy; due to the circumstances beyond our control; on the present homeward voyage;III.1.Such being the case, the marks on the consignment are unclear, the shipwillnot be responsible for any consequences arising therefrom.2.you may rest assured that we will take all possible precautions againstanydamage to cargo in transit and cargo handling3.I regret to inform you that 300 bags of rice were shut out for the lackof(insufficient) space, which had been caused by our incorrect statement.Ourship will be responsible for all expenses incurred.4.As you are well aware, the weight of these heavy lifts is far beyondthe liftingcapacity of the ship's facilities. Kindly contact the harbouradministration/port authority as soon as possible to arrange a shore crane for discharge.thefurnish The shipper shall, before the shipment of the dangerous goods, 5. shipowner or master with a “Dangerous Goods Declaration”, stating thesaidgoods have been properly packed, marked and labelled in accordance withIMDGCode.6.The stevedores handled the goods in such a way that the mix-up of parcelsisinevitable.Lesson 8I. perishable goods inherent nature negligence in stowageoriginal damagevermin damage cargo damage alleged stevedore damageinsufficient ventilation under the strict supervision unfounded viewpointduring the rush loading deterioration of contents contaminatedgoodsleakage of contents hoops off bear the burden of prooflodge/file a complaint against sb. for sth.ample quantity of dunnaging mats and boardsbung up and bilge freeII. under, stowed, outturned, landed, from, question, destined, appreciate, make, tracing, forward, informIII.4 March, 2000To: ( Consignee)Dear Sirs,Re. Damage to 150 C/S Oranges B/L No.184Ex. M.V. “Hua Xing” Yokohama/Vancouverth February has been duly 25Ref. BK-425 dated received. We learn Your letterwith much regret that 150 out of 2000 cases of oranges under B/L No.184 carriedby us were damaged on the voyage from Yokohama to Vancouver.The parcel/consignment in question was stowed in No.2 lower hold andtweendeck which, prior to loading, were thoroughly examined by the Lloyd's Surveyor at Yokohama. The coolness and ventilation in the compartments came upfully to the standards of transit, which was to the entire satisfaction of theSurveyor and shipper.During the voyage, we also paid special attention to the effective ventilation of the said cargo. From the above, we may conclude that the allegeddamage to oranges must have been caused by their inherent nature and this isa matter beyond our control. Therefore, we are not to be held responsible forthis damage.In addition, we would take this opportunity to bring it to your notice thatthe recurrence of such damage will be inevitable in the future unless the shipperimproves the packing thereof.We trust we shall have your full understanding in this connection. Yours faithfully,Master of M.V. “Hua Xing”Lesson 9I. establish business relationship, port disbursements/port dues and chargesagency appointment, agency fee, canvass/solicit cargo port particulars, quarantine anchorage, Guide to Port Entry ensure quick delivery, fumigation and disinfection(消毒),render you untiring service, at the discretion of port operation attend to Customs Declaration formalities for inward and outward shipments,The Business Regulations of China Ocean Shipping Agencyreport regularly ship's movements and operation prospectsII. 1. Owing to the rapid development of the trade between our two countries, weare sure that more ships of our company will call at your port and other portsof yourcountry in future.2. We appreciate that the particulars of your port we required may cause yousome extra work, for which we feel much regret.th May has been duly received. After careful consideration3. Your letter of 24we have decided to appoint you formally as our ship's agents in Port ofLibreville.4. Enclosed please find a draft of “Agency Agreement” for your perusal andkindly inform us whether you agree or not to all the provisions therein.5. To facilitate our consideration of the demand/requirements you made, pleaselet us know the status of your company and scope of your business activities.6. We greatly appreciate your offer to act as our ship's agents at the portof Algiers.As we have already had our long time agents at the said port, we are very sorrythat we are not prepared at present to appoint another one.7. Vessel must confirm her ETA at the specified Pilot Boarding Ground to theport authority two to three hours before arrival.Lesson 10 Shipping DocumentsFace Clauses1) Acknowledgement Clause (确认条款)“Received in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted the totalnumber of containers or other packages or units enumerated below for transportationfrom the place of receipt to the place of delivery subject to the terms andconditions hereof”.2) Unknown Clause （不知条款）“Weight, measure, numbers, quality, contents and value if mentioned in this Billof Lading are to be considered unknown unless the contrary has been expresslyacknowledged and agreed to. The signing of this Bill of Lading is not to beconsidered as such an agreement”.3) Commitment Clause （承诺条款）“On presentation of this Bill of Lading duly endorsed to the Carrier by or onbehalf of the Holder of the Bill of Lading, the rights and liabilities arisingin accordance with the terns and conditions hereof shall, without prejudice toany rule of common law or statute rendering them binding on the Merchant, becomebinding in all respects between the Carrier and the Holder of the Bill of Lading”as though the contract evidenced hereby had been made between them.4) Signature Clause （签署条款）“One original Bill of Lading must be surrendered duly endorsed in exchange forthe goods or delivery order. In witness whereof the number of original Bill ofLading stated under have been signed, all of this tenor and date, one of whichbeing accomplished, the other to stand void ”.******************************************************************* COSCO CONTAINER LINES B/LRECEIVED in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted The totalnumber of packages or units stuffed in the container, the description or the goodsand weights shown in this Bill of Lading are furnished by the Merchants, and whichthe carrier has no reasonable means of checking and is not a part of this Billof Lading contract. The carrier has issued the number of Bills of Lading statedbelow, all of this tenor and date, one of the original Bills of Lading must besurrendered and endorsed or signed against the delivery of the shipmentandwhereupon any other original Bills of Lading shall be void. The Merchantsagreeto be bound by the terms and conditions of this Bill of Lading as if eachhadpersonally signed this Bill of Lading.SEE clause 4 on the back of this Bill of Lading (Terms on the back hereof, pleaseread carefully).* Applicable Only When Document Used as a Combined Transport Bill of Lading.Lesson 10I. shipping documents, relieve the company of responsibility,manifest in triplicate, cargo tracer, overlanded/shortlandedcargo list,non-negotiable B/L, claimant, debit note,protection and indemnity (P & I) club, self-explanatory,above/beyond reproach, credit note, anti-dated/back-dated B/L,shipped/on board B/L, received for shipment B/L, marine fraud, out of proportion to its importanceII. receipt, ship-owners, shipped, foul, order,clean, transfer, endorsing, discharge, packingIV.1.Under Clause 8 of this bill of lading, if the goods are not taken deliveryof by the Receiver (Consignee) from alongside the vessel without delay,orif the Receiver (consignee) refuses to take delivery of the goods, or incasethere are unclaimed goods, the Carrier shall be at liberty to land such goodson shore or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Receiver/shipper. ( Merchant)2.We wish to draw your attention to the fact that (to remind you that)no cleanB/L will be issued in case the cargo coming for shipment is in damaged condition.3.It is a standing rule in shipment that a remark on the damaged cargoput/notedin the B/L at the time of loading does not relieve the carrier of the responsibility for any damage to other cargo thus incurred.4.No Letter of Indemnity is to be accepted without our prior consent.5.We hereby agree to pay on demand any claim that may occur on the said shipmentand we indemnify you and/or your shipowner harmless against any consequencesthat may arise from your practice.6.At the shipper's request we hereby authorize you to issue the Anti-dated B/Lto the shipper against the Letter of indemnity on condition that the shipperprovides the Letter of Indemnity and that the cargo has been in your custody.Lesson 12I. sea perils, hull insurance, fortuitous accidents, extraneous risks,Protection and Indemnity Club (P & I Club), mooring buoy, insufficient strengthtear and tear, on-the spot evidence, latent defect, depreciation costaccident of oil spillage, (be) inconsistent with the facts， repair voucher/bill，settle the matter in a fair and reasonable way,defend the claim for oil pollutionIII. (1)20 October, 20xxTak Kee & Co.SingaporeDear Manager,Re: Damage to handrailI regret to inform you that part of handrail with its two stanchions onthe starboard side of my ship, abreast of No.3 hatch was damaged; approximately5min length were deformed due to the stevedores' fault while my ship was loadingat your port this morning.Kindly take this matter up with the stevedoring company immediately, requesting them to effect rush repairs and replacement of the damaged part before my departure and holding them fully responsible for the repair cost incurred.I trust this matter will have your great attention and thank you in advance.Yours faithfully,Master of M.V. “Chao Yang”(2)4 August, 20xx Dear SirsRe: M.V. “A”－collision with the wharfThis is to inform you at 7:00 this morning the subject ship struck thewharf by her stern when she was pushed by two tugboats towards the wharf. Immediately after the accident the port authority call together some engineersand technicians to go down the wharf to examine its structure and made somevideo records on the spot.Findings of survey showed that there were two cracks in the wall of thewharf, some surface cement came off the wall and one pillar was slightly damagedbecause of the sudden dash.Afterwards, the port authority claimed/demanded U.S.$ 30,000 of compensation from the shipowner for the said damage. But the master of the M.V.“A” held that “It was the sole fault of the tugboats. Because their walkie-talkies failed in communication and the tugboats could not follow thepilot's order to stop engine at once when the ship was getting alongside thewharf. Under these circumstances there was no reason for the shipowner to bearthe unfair compensation.”By now this matter has been still under negotiation and we shall keep youinformed of its development.Yours faithfully,AgentsLesson 13I.carriage of goods under charter, address commission, fixture note, charterhire, dispatch money/demurrage, tariff, Laytime Statement of Facts, for yourperusalNotice of Readiness, stipulated laydays, on the basis of mutual agreement,in accordance with/under the charter party, make reference to Time Sheet,the volume to move per vessel, free in ,out and stowed(FIOS)II.to, of, between, on, under, on, of,by, to, of, in, with, to, toIII.(1)This will serve to remind you that M.V. “China Sea” which arrived at thisth June from London, is now discharging cargo at Dock/Wharf No. 9 and port on 10will have reached the end of her stipulated laydays at 1500 hrs of this month.In accordance with the charter party dated 12th November, 19xx , demurragewill commence from that time and will be calculated at the sum of ￡ 500 perday, or pro rata for part of a day.It is expected to note that you will pay the demurrage in time if the laytimeisExtended.(2)th April has been duly received. With reference Your letter FD-HY/93 dated 5to the dispatch money of M.V. Noelle, from which steel bars were discharged atth March that dated 18views in our letter Ref. No.324 Shanghai, we clarified ouron behalf of China Minmetals Imp & Exp Corp, we settled the accounts with youunder Sate Contract 2FEE09019D. All the accounts were settled under the termsof the said Sale Contract except daily rate of Dispatch money/Demurrage calculated under the C/P, of which you will have a better understanding. Enclosed please find two copies of our Statement of Account for check. Ifyou have any objection, please don't hesitate to let us know by reply. Lesson 14I.all benefited interests, note/lodge a sea protest, voluntary grounding,repair voucher, port of refuge, provide G. A. security, G.A. adjustment,jettison of cargo, G.A. contribution, notary public, salvage remuneration,value of property saved/salved, No cure-No pay salvage contractII.raised, relating/relative, arising, distressed, enters, of, cost, by, expenditure, fall, as, safetyIV.The shipowner of the subject vessel informed us that according to master'sreport he received the vessel ran aground after her departure from the port ofnd September and the said vessel managed on 22to refloat by herself within Antwerpapproximately 5 hours after the accident and proceeded on/ resumed her voyage.The master's report alleged that in view of the nature of this accident andthe fact that no leakage was found after his careful examination of the oil tanksand bilges, he concluded that the seaworthiness of the vessel was unimpairedand now the vessel is on the voyage to her destination.However, the shipowner feared the possible damage to the vessel in thecourse of refloating and declared general average, requesting all benefitedinterests to provide G.A. security.Please could you notify the charterer of the above information, asking themto issue the G.A. Bond to the said master at the port of discharge and let usknow the name and address of the cargo underwriters so that we are able to demandfrom them the usual/regular form of G.A. Guarantee.Lesson 15I.packing list, statement of claim, letter of subrogation, lack of due diligencepacking/unpacking (stuffing/unstuffing, vanning/devanning), breakdown,customs of the trade, way ports, pay the compensation exgratia,weigh the pros and cons, the die has been cast, claim release, prima facie evidence, without prejudice, CY to CY container outstanding claim, settle the claim in an amicable wayIV.1.The shortage of this consignment arrived is obviously caused by your carelessmistake in packing, which should have been avoided if you had given your dueattention to the packing. Therefore, we reserve our right to lodge a claim for the said consignment.2.Upon perusal of the relevant documents, we are of the opinion that the saidclaimshould be rejected on the following grounds/for the following reasons.3.With reference to the claim you filed against us for the water damage to cargoin shipment under B/L HF175, we wish to offer 25% discount of the amount claimedto compensate for the loss you sustained. Please note that this is our maximum/farthest concession we can afford. Should you insist on your originalclaim, we would propose to submit the case to arbitration for final settlement.4.As 8 cases of bicycle parts overlanded were pilfered in large quantities inyour warehouse and are not enough to offset those shortlanded in Rotterdam,we have to settle the case by paying US$ 1200 to the consignee as compensation.Please debit the said amount into our account.5.Obviously the said loss occurred during the transit when the cargo were underyour custody. Therefore, we hold you liable for the loss amounting to 2500 USD.。

2. The M.V.“TAI SHAN”of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on Oct.5. Please fax/cable us if you have any consignment to be shipped by this vessel.
1. We confirm well receipt of your letter.
2. Please reply at your earliest convenience.
3. We would appreciate your comments on…
4. We are sorry for being unable to deliver to you the bill of lading and shipping documents with promptness.
W. K. WEBSTER & CO.
6 Lloyd’s Avenue LondonTelex: 896051 WKW LDN Fax: 01-3091266 E-mail: wkwldnldn.wkwuk
Your Ref: MH36/P Our Ref : CW/41
5.The main advantages of containers for shipment are:easy handling of cargo; less risk of cargo damage or loss; low freight and prompt delivery,etc. Especially, the development of “Multimodal Container Transport” system offers an efficient model for cargo transport.

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