有机化学双语综合测试题

1、c Which of the following belongs to phosphate？（ sodium phosphite) （a) PH3 (b） Na3PO3(c) Na3PO4（d） P2、b 1H and 2H are ____ and occupy the same position in periodic Table. （a） isomers （b） isotopes (c） redox bodies (d） amphoteric compounds3、d The ____ of a carbon is 12(a） the weight of molecule （b） molecular number（c） the weight of atom (d） atomic weight4、Which of the following belong to nitrate? C(a） NH3（b） KNO3 (c） KNO2 (d） NO5、Which of the following belongs to secondary amine？ B4、The number of outmost electron in carbon atom is _C_.（a) 1 (b） 2 （c) 4 (d) 65、In reaction H2 + CuO — H2O + Cu, __B__ is reduced。

(a) H2 (b) CuO (c） Cu (d） H2O6、Which of the following is charged？ _C_（a） atom (b) molecule （c) proton (d） neutron7、Who first presented Periodic Table of elements？ C（a) Democritus （b） Boyle （c) Mendeleev (d) Dalton8、Which of the following is classified into amine? B(a) NH3 (b） CH3NH2（c） NaNH2（d） N29、The substances on the left side of the chemical equation are known as __d_ . （a) reactant （b） reactor (c） reductant （d) reaction10、Who first present the model of an atom in 1900s？ b（a） Plato (b) Dalton （c) Mendeleev (d） Boyle11、Which of the following belongs to nitrite? b（a) HNO2 (b） KNO2（c） Mg3N2 (d) NH312、Which of the following belongs to metal? b（a) selenium (b） sodium (c） Tellurium （d） Helium13、d The elementary particle of ____ is uncharged。

西北农林科技大学本科课程考试参考答案2012—2013学年第2学期《有机化学》（双语）课程A卷专业年级：生技基、生工基地等7个班命题教师：王俊儒，陶虎，汤江江考试时间：2013-07- 10 8:30-10:30 a.m.Part I - (3 points each, 24 points in all)Give the correct IUPAC name (BOTH IN CHINESE AND ENGLISH) or molecular structure for each of the compounds BELOW.(Note the configuration if there any).按系统命名法写出下列化合物的英文和中文名称（每小题3分，计24分）1 (3R,4S)-3-氯-4-溴庚烷(3R,4S)-4-bromo-3-chloroheptane2 7,7-二甲基二环[2.2.1]庚烷7,7-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane3 (R,Z)-4-甲基-2-己烯(R,Z)-4-methylhex-2-ene4 (2S,3S)-2,3-二羟基丁醛(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxybutanal5 N,N-二甲基苯甲酰胺N,N-dimethylbenzamide678Part II -MULTIPLE CHOICE (2 point each, 40 points in all)多选题（每小题2分，计40分）9. D; 10. B; 11. C; 12. D; 13. B;14. D; 15. D; 16. D; 17. BE; 18. C;19. E; 20. B; 21. C; 22. A; 23. D;24. A(印刷上结构末端少了一个甲基（—)，应为.建议不管答什么都给分);25. AB; 26. C; 27. A; 28. C;Part III- REACTIONS and SYNTHESIS (2 points for 29-35, 3 pointsfor 36-39, 26 points)反应和合成题（29-35每小题2分，36-39每小题3分，计26分）29 30 3132 33 343536；37；；3839Part IV –MECHANISMS (5 points for each, 10 POINTS)机理题（每小题5分，计10分）40.41.。

万华化学英语题库(中英文实用版)英文文档：The MWCQA exam is divided into two parts: the Qualification Test and the Application Test.The Qualification Test is divided into four sections: English, General Knowledge, Professional Knowledge, and Logical Thinking.The Application Test consists of three sections: Professional Knowledge, Case Analysis, and English Test.Here are some sample questions for the English Test:1.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence:a) MWC b) CAC c) QA d) All of the above2.Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:a) The MWCQA exam is a necessary requirement for all employees.b) The MWCQA exam is an optional exam for employees to enhance their skills.c) The MWCQA exam is only required for management-level employees.3.Choose the correct statement:a) The Qualification T est is held once a year.b) The Application T est is held twice a year.c) Both the Qualification Test and the Application Test are held four times a year.4.What is the passing score for the MWCQA exam?a) 60% b) 70% c) 80%5.How many questions are there in the English Test?a) 20 questions b) 30 questions c) 40 questions中文文档：万华化学英语题库分为两部分：资格测试和应用测试。

2011 年有机化学自测题（英文版-中英对照）Ⅲ. Choose the best answers for each of the following questions.  1. Single choice (only one choice is correct) for 1~70 For CH3CH=C=CH2, point out the hybridization of each carbon(from left to right)? 对于有机物 CH3CH=C=CH2, 请指出每个碳的杂化方式(从左至右). A. sp3 sp2 sp2 sp2 B. sp 3 sp2 sp sp 2 C. sp 3 sp 2 sp sp D. sp3 sp sp sp 2. Which of the following is electrophilic reagent？ 属于亲电试剂的是： A. HNO3 B. NaHSO3 C. H2N－NH2 D. HCN 3. Which of the following is nucleophilic reagent？ 属于亲核试剂的是： A. Br2 B. NaHSO3 C. H2SO4 D. HCl 4. Which of the following substituents activates an aromatic nucleus? 下列哪个取代基可以活化芳香环？ A. —COOH B. —NO2 C. —OCH3 D. —SO3H 5. Which of the following does not give the iodoform test? 不能发生碘仿反应的是：A. C6H5CHO B. CH3 C O CH3 C. CH3CH2OH D. CH3C-C6H5 O6. Which of the following structural formulas has no geometrical isomers? 不存在几何异构（顺反异构）的是：A. CH3CH=CHCH3 B. C6H5CH=CHBr C. Cl Cl Cl D. Cl Cl7. Which of the following is aromatic？ 具有芳香性的化合物是：A. O B. C. N H D.8. Which of the following lettered carbon-carbon bonds is the longest？ 用字母标记的碳碳键中，键长最长的是：a A. B. CH3 CH b c C. CH3 C CH D. CH3 d CH3CH29. Which of the following carbocations is most stable? 最稳定的碳正离子是：+ A. CH3 C CH3 + B. CH3 CH CH3 + C. CH3 CH2 + D. CH3CH=CH210. Which of the following compounds yields a yellow oil when treated with nitrous acid? 能与亚硝酸作用生成黄色油状物的物质是：A. CH3CH2NH2 B. (CH3CH2)2NH C. (CH3CH2)3N D. NH211. Which of the following is easiest water-soluble? 最易溶于水的是：A. CH2－CH－CH2 OH OH OH B. OH C. E. CH3CHCH2CH2OH CH312. Which of the following cannot react with silver nitrate to produce silver chloride at ordinary conditions? 1通常情况下不能与硝酸银反应生成氯化银的物质是：A. CH3C－Cl O B. (CH3)3C－Cl C. CH2=CHCHCH3 Cl D. Cl13. Which one cannot be converted into amides by nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction with acid chlorides, anhydrides, or esters? 下列哪种物质不能和酰氯、酸酐、酯类通过亲核的酰基取代反应形成酰胺？ A. aniline （苯胺） B. (C2H5 )3N C. C2H5NHCH3 D. (C2H5 )3C-NH2 14. Which of the following reagents cannot react with 2,4-pentadione 下列哪种试剂不能与 2,4-戊二酮（乙酰丙酮）反应？ (A) Na (B) Br2 (C) NaHSO3 (D) NaHCO3 15. Which of the following shows π-π conjugate system? 具有 π-π 共轭体系的是： A. 1,3-butadiene B. ClCH=CHCH2CH3 C. +CH2CH=CH2 D.CH2=CH-CH2CH=CH2 16. Which of the following shows p-π conjugate system? 具有 p-π 共轭体系的是： A. benzaldehyde B. 1,3-cyclohexadiene C. ClCH=CH2 D. ClCH2CH=CH2 17. Which substituent on an aromatic ring is ortho-para director? 下列芳香环上的取代基，属于邻-对位定位基的是： A. －CHO 碱性最强的是： A. NH3 碱性最弱的是A.N HB. －SO3HC. －CH=CH2D. －CN18. Which of the following shows the strongest basicity? B.(CH3)2NH C. C6H5NH2 D. CH3CONH219. Which of the following shows the weakest basicity?NH2B.NC.N HD.20. Which of the following shows the strongest acidity? 酸性最强的是COOH NO2 OH C. D. H3C COOHA.COOHB.21. Which of the following can be used as Lewis base? 能用作路易斯碱的是： A. BF3 B. H2SO4 C. Br+ D. CN22. Which of the following compounds contains 1°, 2°, 3°and 4°carbon atoms? 下列哪个化合物分子中同时包含有 1°, 2°, 3° 和 4° 碳原子？ A. 2, 2, 3-trimethylbutane C. 2, 3, 4-trimethylpentane 2,2,3-三甲基丁烷 2,3,4-三甲基戊烷 B. 2, 2, 3-trimethylpentane 2,3,3-三甲基戊烷 D. 3, 3-dimethylpentane 3,3-二甲基戊烷23. Which of the following carbohydrates is capable of being oxidized by bromine water? 下列哪种碳水化合物能被溴水氧化？ A. fructose 果糖 B. sucrose 蔗糖 C. glucose 葡萄糖 D. cellulose 纤维素24. Which one is the most stable? 下列哪个构象最稳定？CH3 H H CH3 A. Anti H H H H H CH3 H3C H H H CH3 CH3 H H H3C CH3B. EclipsedH H C. GaucheH HD. Eclipsed225. Which one of the stability order of the following is correct? 稳定性大小排序正确的是：CH(CH3)2 H3C (a) (b)CH(CH3)2 CH3 (c) (d) H 3C CH(CH3)2H3CCH(CH3)2A. a>b>c>dB. d>a>b>cC. d>b>c>aD. d>c>a>b26. Which of the following shows the highest activity toward SN1 reaction? 在单分子亲核取代反应中活性最高的是： A.methyl bromide 甲基溴 B. ethyl bromide 乙基溴 C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷 在双分子单核取代反应中活性最高的是： A.methyl bromide 甲基溴 B. ethyl bromide 乙基溴 C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷 is reasonable? 学生们在使用泰利（Thiele）毛细管法测定萘的熔点实验中，记录了如下测定结果。

一、选择题1．假期，小明随父母外出旅游，不仅饱览了祖国美丽的大好河山，而且经质了收获满满的化学之旅。

乘坐汽车前往景点，小明发现火车就像一座化学材料的“陈列馆”。

下列关于汽车家零部件所属材料的说法正确的是A．前挡风玻璃属于硅酸盐制品B．安全带属于金属复合材料制品C．橡胶轮胎属于无机高分子材料制品D．座椅表面的真皮属于合成高分子材料制品2．等物质的量的下列有机物完全燃烧，消耗O2最多的是A．C6H6B．CH3CH2OH C．C2H4D．CH3COOH3．已知自动脱水−−−−→R—CHO。

现有A、B、C、D、E、F六种有机物有如下转化关系，其中A的分子式为C4H8O3。

下列判断正确的是A．反应①属于氧化反应B．有机物B、D的最简式相同C．A的同分异构体中，与A具有相同官能团的有9种D．等物质的量的D、E与足量钠反应，产生H2的量相同4．通过测定血液或尿液中某物质的含量可诊断糖尿病患者的病情，该物质为（）A．蛋白质B．葡萄糖C．淀粉D．油脂5．利用下列反应不能制得括号中纯净物的是A．等物质的量的氯气与乙烷在光照条件下反应(氯乙烷)B．乙烯与水加成(乙醇)C．乙烯与氯气加成(1，2－二氯乙烷)D．氯气与苯用氯化铁作催化剂反应(氯苯)6．下列有关化学用语表示不正确的是A．蔗糖的分子式：C12H22O11B．乙炔的结构式：CH≡CHC．氯化钠的电子式：D．二硫化碳分子的比例模型：7．下列说法正确的是A．CH2=CH2、三种物质中都有碳碳双键，都可发生加成反应B．1 mol 与过量的NaOH溶液加热充分反应，能消耗3mol NaOHC．将溴水加入苯中，溴水的颜色变浅，这是由于发生了取代反应D．用溴水即可鉴别苯酚溶液、2，4一己二烯和甲苯8．下列物质的检验、分离和提纯方法，不正确的是A．用分液漏斗分离四氯化碳与水B．用硝酸银溶液检验自来水中的氯离子C．用溴水区别乙烯与甲烷D．用浓硫酸干燥NH39．2020 年春节前后，世界各地爆发了新型冠状病毒疫情。

《Organic Chemistry—Structure and Function》——一本适用于大学双语有机教学的原版教材宋怡（南京市北圩路41号 210017 南京晓庄学院化学系）摘要：教材问题已经成为制约我国双语教学发展的客观瓶颈之一。

本文介绍了一本适用于大学双语有机教学的优秀原版教材，希望能够为解决双语有机配套教材匮乏的问题提供一些有用的信息。

双语教学实践正在我国如火如荼的开展，而配套教材匮乏已经成为制约双语教学健康发展的客观瓶颈之一。

当前的主要对策是引进外国原版教材。

我们向大家推荐其中一本优秀的原版大学有机化学教材。

1 内容简介《有机化学——结构与功能》（Organic Chemistry—Structure and Function ，K.Peter C.V ollhardt, Neil E. Schore编，第三版，New Y ork W.H.Freeman and Company 2000年出版）是一本适用于化学及生物医学等专业的基础有机化学教材。

该教材对有机化学基础知识进行了较为全面的整合，以官能团为主线贯穿体系结构，突出强调了构效关系和有机合成的重要地位。

全书篇幅较长，共分26章。

每一章除主要内容外还包括以下几个单元：Chemical Highlight:与本章节内容相关的扩展资料Chapter Integration Problem:本章综合例题及解答New Reaction:本章新涉及的化学反应Reaction Summary Road Map:化学反应总结而成的路径图Important Concepts:重要概念总结Problem:本章习题章节内容及Chemical Highlight部分内容一览表2 特点分析2.1整体突出构效关系许多学生把有机看作是大量的令人望而生畏的知识点，要消除这种误解，帮助学生学习和理解有机化学，最佳途径是给学生提供一个知识的框架，学生能够围绕该框架组织自己的知识点。

有机化学英文版课后练习题含答案Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based compounds, which are found in everything from your food and medicine to the plastics in your car. It is an important subject in the field of chemistry and is usually taught at the university level. In this article, we will introduce some organic chemistry practice questions with answers, which can be used by students to practice and improve their knowledge of the subject.Question 1Draw the structure of 2-methyl-1-butene.Answer:2-methyl-1-butene structure2-methyl-1-butene structureQuestion 2Write the condensed formula for 2,4-dimethylheptane.Answer:The condensed formula is C9H20.Question 3Write the IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH3.Answer:The IUPAC name is 3,3-dimethylpentane.Question 4What is the functional group of butanoic acid?Answer:The functional group is a carboxyl group (-COOH).Question 5Which compound is more acidic: ethanol or acetic acid?Answer:Acetic acid is more acidic than ethanol because the presence of the carboxyl group in acetic acid makes it more acidic than ethanol.Question 6What is the mechanism of the reaction between ethene and hydrogen to form ethane?Answer:The mechanism is a catalytic hydrogenation reaction, which involves the addition of hydrogen to the carbon-carbon double bond in ethene to form ethane.Question 7What is the effect of increasing the size of the alkyl group on the boiling point of alkanes?Answer:Increasing the size of the alkyl group increases the boiling point of alkanes because larger molecules have stronger van der Waals forces of attraction, which require more energy to break.Question 8What is the difference between an electrophile and a nucleophile?Answer:An electrophile is an atom or molecule that is attractedto electrons and accepts a pr of electrons from another molecule during a chemical reaction. A nucleophile is an atom or molecule that has a lone pr of electrons and donates a pr of electrons to another molecule during a chemical reaction.Question 9What is the difference between an alkane and an alkene?Answer:An alkane is a hydrocarbon that contns only single bonds between carbon atoms. An alkene is a hydrocarbon that contns at least one carbon-carbon double bond.Question 10What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated hydrocarbon?Answer:A saturated hydrocarbon contns only single bonds between carbon atoms and is therefore。

2011年有机化学自测题（英文版-中英对照）1、对于有机物 CH 3CH=C=CH 2, 请指出每个碳的杂化方式(从左至右).A. sp 3 sp 2 sp 2 sp 2B. sp 3 sp 2 sp sp 2C. sp 3 sp 2 sp spD. sp 3 sp sp sp 2. 属于亲电试剂的是： A. HNO 3 B. NaHSO 3C. H 2N －NH 2D. HCN 3. 属于亲核试剂的是：A. Br 2B. NaHSO 3C. H 2SO 4D. HCl4. 下列哪个取代基可以活化芳香环？ A. —COOHB. —NO 2C. —OCH 3D. —SO 3H5. 不能发生碘仿反应的是：A. B. C. D.CH 3 C CH 3OCH 3CH 2OHC 6H 5CHOCH 3C-C 6H 56. 不存在几何异构（顺反异构）的是：CH 3CH=CHCH 3C 6H 5CH=CHBrA. B. D.C.ClCl ClClCl7. 具有芳香性的化合物是：ON HA.B.C.D.8. 用字母标记的碳碳键中，键长最长的是：A.aB. CH 3 CH CH 2bC. CH 3 C CHcD.CH 3 CH 3d9. 最稳定的碳正离子是：CH 3 C CH 32+CH 3 CH CH 3+A. B.CH 3 CH 2+C.CH 3+D.10. 能与亚硝酸作用生成黄色油状物的物质是：A. B. C. D.CH 3CH 2NH 2(CH 3CH 2)2NH(CH 3CH 2)3NNH 211. 最易溶于水的是：OHCH 3CHCH 2CH2OHA.B.C.E.3CH 2－CH －CH 212. 通常情况下不能与硝酸银反应生成氯化银的物质是： 13. 下列哪种物质不能和酰氯、酸酐、酯类通过亲核的酰基取代反应形成酰胺？A. （苯胺）B. (C 2H 5 )3NC. C 2H 5NHCH 3D. (C 2H 5 )3C-NH 2 14. 下列哪种试剂不能与2,4-戊二酮（乙酰丙酮）反应？ (A) Na(B) Br 2(C) NaHSO 3(D) NaHCO 315. 具有p-π共轭体系的是：A. 1,3-butadieneB. ClCH=CHCH 2CH 3C. +CH 2CH=CH 2D.CH 2=CH-CH 2CH=CH 2 16. 具有p-π共轭体系的是：A. benzaldehydeB. 1,3-cyclohexadieneC. ClCH=CH 2D. ClCH 2CH=CH 2 17. 下列芳香环上的取代基，属于邻-对位定位基的是： A. －CHOB. －SO 3HC. －CH=CH 2D. －CN18. 碱性最强的是： A. CH 3C －Cl B. (CH 3)3C －Cl C. CH 2=CHCHCH 3D.ClA. NH 3B.(CH 3)2NHC. C 6H 5NH 2D. CH 3CONH 219. 碱性最弱的是20. 酸性最强的是COOHNO 2COOHCOOHH 3CA.B.C.D.OH21. 能用作路易斯碱的是：A. BF 3B. H 2SO 4C. Br +D. CN -22. 下列哪个化合物分子中同时包含有1°, 2°, 3° 和 4° 碳原子？A. 2, 2, 3-trimethylbutane 2,2,3-三甲基丁烷B. 2, 2, 3-trimethylpentane 2,3,3-三甲基戊烷C. 2, 3, 4-trimethylpentane 2,3,4-三甲基戊烷D. 3, 3-dimethylpentane 3,3-二甲基戊烷 23. 下列哪种碳水化合物能被溴水氧化？ A. 果糖B 蔗糖C.葡萄糖D. 纤维素24. 下列哪个构象最稳定？CH 3H HH H 3CH 3HHCH 3H H 3C HH CH 3H HH 3C HH HH CH 3A. AntiB. EclipsedC. GaucheD. Eclipsed25. 稳定性大小排序正确的是：H 3CCH(CH 3)2H 3CCH(CH 3)2(a)(b)3CH(CH 3)2H 3CCH(CH 3)2(c)(d)A. a>b>c>dB. d>a>b>cC. d>b>c>aD. d>c>a>b 26. 在单分子亲核取代反应中活性最高的是：A.methyl bromide 甲基溴B. ethyl bromide乙基溴C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷D. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane 2-溴-2-甲基丁烷27. 在双分子单核取代反应中活性最高的是：A.methyl bromide 甲基溴B. ethyl bromide乙基溴C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷D. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane 2-溴-2-甲基丁烷28.学生们在使用泰利（Thiele ）毛细管法测定萘的熔点实验中，记录了如下测定结果。

2024年高考化学：全国新高考卷有机化学部分真题解析(含全国新高考I卷、II卷)英文版2024 National College Entrance Examination Chemistry: Analysis of the Organic Chemistry Section of the National New College Entrance Examination Papers (Including National New College Entrance Examination Paper I and II)In the 2024 National College Entrance Examination Chemistry paper, the organic chemistry section is a crucial part that requires thorough preparation. This document provides a detailed analysis of the organic chemistry questions in both Paper I and Paper II of the National New College Entrance Examination.Paper I:Question 1: This question tests students' understanding of functional groups in organic compounds. It requires students to identify the functional group present in a given compound and explain its properties.Question 2: This question focuses on the naming of organic compounds according to the IUPAC nomenclature rules. Students need to correctly name the compound based on its structure.Question 3: This question involves the concept of isomerism in organic chemistry. Students are required to identify and differentiate between structural isomers, geometric isomers, and optical isomers.Paper II:Question 1: This question tests students' knowledge of reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. Students need to predict the major product of a given reaction and explain the mechanism involved.Question 2: This question focuses on the synthesis of organic compounds. Students are required to propose a synthetic route to a target compound using the given starting materials.Question 3: This question involves the identification of functional groups and their reactions. Students need to predict the products of various chemical reactions involving organic compounds.Overall, the organic chemistry section in the 2024 National College Entrance Examination Chemistry paper covers a wide range of topics, including functional groups, nomenclature, isomerism, reaction mechanisms, synthesis, and chemical reactions. Students should focus on understanding the fundamental principles and practicing different types of problems to excel in this section.。

得分 阅卷人 2011年有机化学自测题（英文版-中英对照）Ⅲ. Choose the best answers for each of the following questions.Single choice (only one choice is correct)for 1~701. For CH 3CH=C=CH 2, point out the hybridization of each carbon(from left to right)?对于有机物 CH 3CH=C=CH 2, 请指出每个碳的杂化方式(从左至右).A. sp 3 sp 2 sp 2 sp 2B. sp 3 sp 2 sp sp 2C. sp 3 sp 2 sp spD. sp 3 sp sp sp2. Which of the following is electrophilic reagent ？属于亲电试剂的是：A. HNO 3B. NaHSO 3C. H 2N －NH 2D. HCN3. Which of the following is nucleophilic reagent ？属于亲核试剂的是：A. Br 2B. NaHSO 3C. H 2SO 4D. HCl4. Which of the following substituents activates an aromatic nucleus?下列哪个取代基可以活化芳香环？A. —COOHB. —NO 2C. —OCH 3D. —SO 3H6. Which of the following structural formulas has no geometrical isomers? 不存在几何异构（顺反异构）的是：7. Which of the following is aromatic ？具有芳香性的化合物是：8. Which of the following lettered carbon-carbon bonds is the longest ？ 用字母标记的碳碳键中，键长最长的是：9. Which of the following carbocations is most stable?最稳定的碳正离子是：15. Which of the following shows p-π conjugate system?具有p-π共轭体系的是：A. 1,3-butadieneB. ClCH=CHCH 2CH 3C. +CH 2CH=CH 2D.CH 2=CH-CH 2CH=CH 216. Which of the following shows p-π conjugate system?具有p-π共轭体系的是：A. benzaldehydeB. 1,3-cyclohexadieneC. ClCH=CH2D. ClCH2CH=CH217. Which substituent on an aromatic ring is ortho-para director?下列芳香环上的取代基，属于邻-对位定位基的是：A. －CHOB. －SO3HC. －CH=CH2D. －CN21. Which of the following can be used as Lewis base?能用作路易斯碱的是：A. BF3B. H2SO4C. Br+D. CN-22. Which of the following compounds contains 1°, 2°, 3°and 4°carbon atoms?下列哪个化合物分子中同时包含有1°, 2°, 3° 和 4° 碳原子？A. 2, 2, 3-trimethylbutane 2,2,3-三甲基丁烷B. 2, 2, 3-trimethylpentane 2,3,3-三甲基戊烷C. 2, 3, 4-trimethylpentane 2,3,4-三甲基戊烷D. 3, 3-dimethylpentane 3,3-二甲基戊烷24. Which one is the most stable?下列哪个构象最稳定？25. Which one of the stability order of the following is correct?稳定性大小排序正确的是：A. a>b>c>dB. d>a>b>cC. d>b>c>aD. d>c>a>b26. Which of the following shows the highest activity toward S N1 reaction?在单分子亲核取代反应中活性最高的是：A.methyl bromide 甲基溴B. ethyl bromide 乙基溴C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷D. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane 2-溴-2-甲基丁烷27. Which of the following shows the highest activity toward S N2 reaction?在双分子单核取代反应中活性最高的是：A.methyl bromide 甲基溴B. ethyl bromide 乙基溴C. 3-bromo-2-methylbutane 3-溴-2-甲基丁烷D. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane 2-溴-2-甲基丁烷28. In an experiment for the melting point determination of naphthalene with the set of Thiele bube, which record of the following is reasonable?学生们在使用泰利（Thiele）毛细管法测定萘的熔点实验中，记录了如下测定结果。

Answer for Comprehensive exercisesⅠ. Name each of the followings.1. 2-pentanone (2-戊酮)2. propene (丙烯)3. ethanol (乙醇) (4) benzoic acid (苯甲酸)5.N,N-dimethylformamide (N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)6.methylcyclopentane (甲基环戊烷)7.phenylethanone (苯乙酮) 8.2R,3S-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioicacid (2R,3S-2,3-二羟基丁二酸)9.acitic anhydride (ethanoic anhydride 乙酸酐)10.1,4-putanediamine (1,4-丁二胺, 1,4-diaminobutane 1,4-二氨基丁烷)11.ethyl benzoate (苯甲酸乙酯) 12.ethanoyl chloride (acetyl chloride 乙酰氯)Ⅱ.Write the structural formula for each of the followings1. 2. 3. CH 3CHCHCH 2CH 2CH 2CH 3CH 3CH 2CH 3CH C=C CH 2CH 3H H 3C 3 CH 3C －C C －CH 2CH 3 CH 34.5. 6.7. 8Ⅲ. Choose the best answers fo r…1C 2B 3C 4A 5D 6A 7D 8A 9B 10A 11B 12C 13A 14C 15C 16A 17B 18A 19B 20 D 21A 22D 23A 24A 25D 26A 27A 28C 29C 30D 31BCD 32AD 33ABC34AC 35CD 36AB 37BCD 38ABCD 39BC 40ADⅣ. Complete reactions1.2.3. 4. 5.6. OH CH 2CH 2CH 3(CH 3CH 2)3NCOOH H H 2N CH 3CHO Br 22＋ H 2OOH OH Br Br 3－C －OH O ＋CH 3CH 2+CH 3－C －OCH 2CH 3O ＋ H 2O CH CH 3CH 2－＋Br 2＋CH 3－CH －Br HBr C 2H 5CH=CH 2 + H ClC 2H 5CH －CH 3 Cl CH 3－C －CH 3 + I 2 + NaOH HCOONa OC 2H 5OH C 2H 5OC 2H 5 H SO (conc.)o + H 2O＋CH 3－CH 3CH=NH-NO 2O 2NH 2O 7. 8. 2 CH 3CHO -CH 3CH=CHCHO + H 2OCH 3NO 2+ HNO 324CH 3NO 2O 2N CH 3NO 2NO 2＋9.＋＋CH 33H +310. HO COONa + CO 2 + H 2O 11.HN CH3CH 3+ HNO 2ON －NCH 3CH 3+ H2O12. Br CH 325CH313. 14. COOH OH H 2SO 4(CH CO)OCOOHOCCH 3ONH 2+ NaNO 2 + 2 H 2SO 40~5℃N 2+HSO 4-15.16.OH CH 3H 3C KMnO H OCH3H 3C 17. CH 3C －NH 2O ＋ H2O NaOHCH CH 3CH ＝CHCHO (1) NaBH (2) H 3O CH 3CH ＝CHCH 2OH18.OH CH 2OH + HCOO -19. 20. C H 3－CH －CH 2O + CH 3CH 2OH CH 3COONaCH 3－CH －CH 2OCH 2CH 3OHⅤ. Differentiate the following groups of compounds1.CH 3CH 2NH 2(CH 3CH 2)2NH(CH 3CH 2)3N 3clear solution don't reactHCI 3(－)2. 2-pentanone(－)(－)CO 23-pentanonebenzoic acid Ⅵ. Preparation of the following coumpound s……1. Synthesize 2,6-dibromo-4-nitrobenzoic acid from toluenesee [see question 4-4 (2)]2. Synthesize 2-hydroxybutanoic acid from butanoic acid [see question 9-8(2)]3. Synthesize butanedioic anhydride from ethanol [see question 10-8(2)]4. Synthesize 2,4,6-tribromophenol from aniline [see question 11-10(2)]Ⅶ.Deduce structure.1. CH 3CHCH(CH 3)2OHHCI 3HOOCCH(CH 3)22.3. .若A 不能溶于氢氧化钠，则A 可能为：CH 3CHCH 2CH 2CH 3OH HCI HOOCCH 2CH 2CH 3ABCH OH CH 3－CH －C O OCH 3CH 2COOH CH 3－CH －C OOH CH 2COOCH 3(B )(C )CH3－CH －C CH 2－C O O (A )3CHCOOCH 3CH 2COOCH 3(D )＋ 3 HBr A B OCH 3Ⅶ. Explain concepts1.racemate: A mixture of equal parts of enantiomers is called racemate or racemic mixture.2. nucleophilic addition: In the reaction of aldehydes or ketone with nucleophilic reagents such as HCN, HOR, etc, the nucleophilic anion adds first to the carbonyl carbon to form an intermediate, then, the H+ adds rapidly to the carbonyl oxygen to form neutral additional product. First step is the slowest, so this reaction is called as nucleophilic addition.3. chiral carbon atom: A carbon bonded to four different atoms or groups are called chiral carbon atom.4. enantiomer: optical isomers that are mirror images. Enantiomers have identical physical properties except for the rotation of plane-polarized light.5. reducing sugar: Carbohydrates that can directly or indirectly reduce Fehling’s, Tollens’,Benedict’s reagents are termed as reducing sugars.。

英语化学考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a property of matter?A. MassB. DensityC. ColorD. Volume答案：C2. The chemical formula for water is:A. H2OB. H2SC. CO2D. O2答案：A3. What is the name of the process where a substance changes from a solid to a liquid state?A. SublimationB. VaporizationC. MeltingD. Condensation答案：C4. Which element has the atomic number 8?A. OxygenB. NitrogenC. CarbonD. Hydrogen答案：A5. The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction:A. The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.B. The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.C. The mass of the reactants is less than the mass of the products.D. There is no relationship between the mass of reactants and products.答案：A6. What is the pH of a solution that is neither acidic nor basic?A. Less than 7B. Greater than 7C. Equal to 7D. Cannot be determined答案：C7. Which of the following is a physical change?A. Burning of woodB. Rusting of ironC. Dissolving of sugar in waterD. Photosynthesis答案：C8. The process of converting a liquid into a gas is called:A. VaporizationB. CondensationC. SublimationD. Melting答案：A9. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?A. NaB. MgC. FeD. Cu答案：A10. The valency of hydrogen is:A. +1B. -1C. +2D. -2答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The symbol for carbon dioxide is ________.答案：CO22. The atomic number of sodium is ________.答案：113. The process of a substance changing from a gas to a liquid is called ________.答案：condensation4. A solution with a pH of 4 is ________.答案：acidic5. The valency of oxygen is usually ________.答案：-26. The element with the chemical symbol Fe is ________.答案：iron7. The chemical formula for calcium carbonate is ________.答案：CaCO38. The process of a substance changing from a liquid to a solid is called ________.答案：freezing9. The symbol for the element with atomic number 17 is________.答案：Cl10. The pH of pure water at room temperature is ________.答案：7三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a compound and an element. 答案：A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means and consists of only one type of atom.2. What is a chemical equation and how is it written?答案：A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products and the conditions under which the reaction occurs. It is written by placing the reactants on the left side, the products on the right side, and the reaction conditions above or below the line separating the reactants and products.3. Describe the process of photosynthesis.答案：Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll pigments. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.4. What is the significance of the law of conservation of mass in chemistry?答案：The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. This law is significant in chemistry because it helps to balance chemical equations and ensures that the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a chemicalreaction.5. Explain the concept of valency.答案：Valency is a measure of the combining power of an element, indicating the number of hydrogen atoms it can displace or combine with. It is a key concept in writing chemical formulas and understanding how elements react with each other.6. What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?答案：A physical change is a change in the state or appearance of a substance without altering its chemical composition. Examples include melting, freezing, and dissolving. A chemical change involves a change。

漳州双语实验学校2009届化学会考练习卷( 有 机 化 学 )1．欲除去甲烷中混有少量的乙烯，正确的除杂试剂是（ ） A. 澄清石灰水 浓硫酸 B 溴水 浓硫酸 C. 酸性高锰酸钾溶液 浓硫酸 D. 浓硫酸 溴水2. 苯环结构中不存在 单键和双键简单交替的证据的事实是（ ） ① 苯不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色 ② 苯可以燃烧 ③ 邻二甲苯只有一种结构④苯不会因为化学反应是溴水褪色A. ①④B. ①③④C. ①③D. ①②③④ 3. 下列有机物属于烃的是（ ）A. C 3H 8B. C 2H 5OHC. CH 2Cl 2D. C 6H 5NO 2 4. 下列物质属于纯净物的是（ ）A. 煤B. 石油C. 天然气D. 一氯甲烷 5. 下列物质的分子呈平面结构的是（ ）A. CH 4B. C 2H 4C. C 2H 6D. C 4H 10 6. 在光照的条件下，下列各组物质几乎不发生反应的是（ ） A. 氯气与氢气反应 B. 氯气与甲烷的反应 C. 甲烷与氧气的反应 D. 次氯酸 7. 能使溴水因反应而褪色的物质是（ ）A. CCl 4B. C 2H 4C. CH 4D. C 6H 6 8. 工业生产乙烯的主要方法是（ ）A. 石油分馏B. 石油裂化C. 石油裂解D. 煤的干馏 9. 下列现象因发生加成反应而产生的是（ ）A. 乙烯使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色B. 乙烯使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色C. 将苯通入溴水中，震荡后水层接近无色D. 甲烷与氯气混合，光照一段时间后黄绿色消失 10. 下列反应中，属于取代反应的是（ ） A.B.CH 2 = CH 2 CH 3— C H 2 —OH+ H 2O 催化剂催化剂加压加热C 2H 4 + C 2H 6C 4H 10C C C C 3311. 等物质的量的下列各烃完全燃烧，消耗O 2 的物质的量最多的是( ) A. CH 4 B. C 2H 2 C. C 2H 4 D. C 2H 6 12. 既能使溴水褪色又能使酸性高锰酸钾褪色的气体是（ ） A. 甲烷 B. 乙烯 C. 苯 D. 乙烷 13. 下列说法错误的是（ ） A. 天然气是一种理想的清洁能源B. 直接燃烧煤不仅浪费资源，而且污染环境C. 居室装饰材料散发出来的苯，甲苯对人体有毒，应保持居室通风D. 用乙烯制得的聚乙烯塑料有毒，不可用来包装食品14. 某卡车在启动或刹车时排出黑烟，由此可推测这辆卡车的燃料是（ ） A. 酒精 B. 汽油 C. 柴油 D. 液化石油气15. 将11.6g 的甲烷和乙烯的混合气体缓缓通入盛有溴水的试剂瓶中，充分反应后，试剂瓶增重8.4g, 则乙烯在标况下的体积是（ ）A. 2.56LB. 6.72LC. 0.3LD. 无法确定 16. 要检验酒精是否含有水，最简单的方法是（ ） A. 加入金属钠 B. 加入浓硫酸 C. 加入硫酸铜晶体 D. 加入无水硫酸铜 17. 下列物质中，分别加入金属钠，不能产生H 2 的是（ ） A. 苯 B. 无水酒精 C. 蒸馏水 D. 乙酸18. 在某病人的尿液中加入新制C u (O H )2 悬浊液，加热后有红色沉淀生成，说明尿液中含有（ ）A. 食醋B. 食盐C. 白酒D. 葡萄糖 19. 对人体健康不会造成危害的是（ ）A. 用工业酒精（含甲醇）兑制饮用水B. 用食醋除去水壶内壁的水垢C. 用福尔马林浸泡海产品进行防腐保鲜D. 在不通风，无防护的条件下用苯做试验 20. 炒菜时加酒加醋可使菜变得味鲜可口，原因是（ ） A. 有盐类物质生成 B. 有酸类物质生成 C. 有醇类物质生成 D. 有酯类物质生成光 CH 3CH 3 + Br 2 CH 3CH 2Br + HBr C. 点燃D. 2C 2H 2 + 5 O 2 4 CO 2 + 2 H 2O21. 下列各组物质无论在任何条件下或以任意比混合进行反应，生成物都相同的是（）A. 甲烷与氯气B. 乙烯与溴水C. 乙醇与氧气D. 钠与氧气22. 把质量为m g的铜丝灼烧变黑，立即放入下列物质中，能使铜丝变红，而且质量仍为m g的是（）A. 稀硫酸B. 乙酸C. 乙醇D. 蒸馏水23. 下列物质中，能与氢氧化钠溶液，新制氢氧化铜悬浊液，碳酸钠溶液反应的是（）A. 乙酸B. 乙醇C. 乙醛D. 乙酸乙酯24. 在CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O 的反应体系中，加入一定量的CH3CH218OH，当重新达到平衡时，18O原子还应该存在于（）A. 乙酸乙酯中B. 乙酸中C. 水中D. 乙酸乙酯、乙酸、水中25. 一定条件下能发生水解反应的高分子化合物是（）A. 葡萄糖B. 油脂C. 淀粉D. 乙酸乙酯26. 下列现象不能用蛋白质变性原理解释的是（）A .用高温，紫外线消毒餐具 B. 用稀的福尔马林浸泡种子C. 误食重金属盐使人中毒D. 将石膏（CaSO4.2H2O ）加入豆浆中制豆腐27. 下列物质属于酯类的是（）A. 甘油B. 汽油C. 豆油D. 润滑油28. 构成动物的肌肉，皮肤，血液，乳汁以及毛发，蹄，角等物质的是（）A. 糖类B. 脂肪C. 蛋白质D. 淀粉29. 下列物质不属于糖类的是（）A. 葡萄糖B. 麦芽糖C. 纤维素D. 油脂30. 淀粉和纤维素的分子构成都可以用（C6H10O5）表示，他们是（）A. 同分异构体B. 同一种物质C. 同系物D. 糖类31. 下列物质在一定条件下不能发生水解反应的是（）A. 淀粉B. 蛋白质C. 葡萄糖D. 乙酸乙酯32. 下列物质的主要成分不是纤维素的是（）A. 木材B. 滤纸C. 棉花D. 蚕丝33. 下列物质属于油脂用途的是 ( )①人类的营养物②制取肥皂③制取甘油④制取高级脂肪酸⑤制取汽油A. 只有①②③B. 只有①③⑤C. ②③④⑤D. ①②③④34. 要使蛋白质从溶液中析出，而不改变它的性质，应加入（）A. 硝酸铅溶液B. 饱和硫酸铵溶液C. 氢氧化钠溶液D. 浓硫酸35. 一种能把乙醇，乙酸，葡萄糖溶液区分开，这种试剂是（）A. 新制C u(O H)2悬浊液B. 溴水C. 高锰酸钾溶液D. 钠36. 下列关于油脂的叙述中，不正确的是（）A. 油脂属于酯类B. 油脂是热值最高的营养物C. 油脂是一种纯净物D. 动物脂肪在碱性的条件下水解可制肥皂37. 下列关于淀粉的叙述中，不正确的是（）A. 淀粉属于天然有机高分子化合物B. 植物种子中富含淀粉C. 淀粉没有甜味，不是糖类D. 淀粉在人体内能水解成葡萄糖后经缓慢氧化放出热量，提供生命活动所需能量38. 已知：I2能使淀粉溶液显蓝色，青苹果汁遇到碘酒时显蓝色，熟苹果汁能与新制的C u(O H)2悬浊液加热反应生成红色沉淀，这说明（）A. 青苹果汁只含淀粉B.苹果汁只含葡萄糖C. 苹果转熟是葡萄糖聚合成淀粉D.苹果转熟时淀粉水解为葡萄糖39. 下列物质中，不属于合成高分子材料的是（）A. 塑料B. 合成纤维C. 陶瓷D. 合成橡胶40. 下列物质不属于高分子化合物的是（）A. 花生油B. 棉花C. 蚕丝D. 塑料41. 环境污染中所说的“白色污染”，其罪魁祸首主要是（）A. 废弃的纸张及制品B. 废弃的橡胶制品C. 废弃的塑料制品D. 白色涂料42. 为减少塑料废弃物造成的“白色污染”，应采取的有效措施是（）A. 深埋B. 分解为无害物质C. 粉碎D. 焚烧43. 有关聚乙烯的说法正确的是（）A. 聚乙烯是通过加聚反应生成的B. 聚乙烯具有固定的元素组成，因而有固定的熔沸点C. 聚乙烯塑料袋有毒，不能用来包装食品D. 聚乙烯性质稳定，不易造成污染44. 加酶洗衣粉是在洗衣粉中加入少量碱与蛋白酶制成的。