初中英语语法主谓一致
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七年级英语知识点总结:主谓一致七年级英语知识点总结:主谓一致在英语中,句子中的谓语动词在人称和单、复数形式上必须和主语保持一致,这就是我们通常说的“主谓一致”。
这一点看似简单,但在实际运用中却常常遇到麻烦。
一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
一、语法一致主谓一致的原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.例如:He often helps me learn English. .My friends often help me learn English.但主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单,有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待:1、不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数. 例如: Reading aloud is helpful to learn English.大声朗读对学习英语是有帮助的。
What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了.2、不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.但none 作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法。
例如:Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动.Every boy and girl shos great interest in this book .每个男孩和女孩对这本书都表现出很大的兴趣.3、表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.例如: One housand And One Nights tells people lots of interesting stories . 《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多有趣的故事。
主谓一致详解【基础知识】主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
对大多数人来说,往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。
一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则(grammatical concord)意义一致原则(notional concord)就近原则(principle of proximity)(一)语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。
也就是说,如果名词中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。
例如:This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.(二)意义一致原则有时,主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义,而不是语法上的单、复数形式,这样的一致关系就是意义一致。
例如:Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.(三)就近原则有时,谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。
初中英语语法之主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致,即句中谓语的变化形式由句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。
主谓一致通常遵循三个原那么语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么。
语法一致语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。
考点一:一般情况下,主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数可数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
考点二:动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
考点三:复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
注意:1. "neither of/none/either of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。
2. either指"两者之中任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
3. each作同位语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;"each of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
考点四:当用both ... and…连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数形式;当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念,或表示不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数形式。
考点五:当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。
考点六:一些由两局部构成的表示物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,如shoe, glove, trouser, scissor, chopstick等。
初中英语语法主谓一致初中英语语法主谓一致一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致必须遵循三原那么:语法一致原那么,意义一致原那么,就近一致原那么。
语法一致原那么:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
例如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2. 意义一致原那么:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too e某pensive for the book. 这本书20 美元太贵了。
3. 就近一致原那么:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型:1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语,谓语用复数形式。
2. many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多〞,但谓语要用单数形式。
例如:Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。
例如:More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结英语语法之主谓⼀致总结 总结就是把⼀个时段的学习、⼯作或其完成情况进⾏⼀次全⾯系统的总结,它能够使头脑更加清醒,⽬标更加明确,让我们好好写⼀份总结吧。
总结怎么写才不会千篇⼀律呢?下⾯是⼩编帮⼤家整理的英语语法之主谓⼀致总结,仅供参考,⼤家⼀起来看看吧。
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结1 1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语 谓语动词的数通常⽤单数(即遵循语法⼀致的原则): Many a child was playing there. 很多⼩孩在那⼉玩。
More than one student has failed the exam. 不⽌⼀个学⽣考试未及格。
2. each ⽤于复数名词后作同位语 此时谓语动词⽤复数: They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每⼈都有⼀本英汉词典。
The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻⼈个个背着⼀个⼤袋⼦。
3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词 其后的动词形式取决介词前主语: Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树⽊之外什么也看不见。
No one except my parents knows anything about this. 除我⽗母外没⼈知道此事。
Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。
4. means作主语 名词means(⽅法)单数与复数同形,⽤作主语时,其谓语的单复数要视具体含义⽽定(尤其注意其前的修饰语): These means are very good. 这些⽅法很好。
初中英语语法主谓一致主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要规则,它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
准确掌握主谓一致对于正确理解和运用英语语法至关重要。
本文将为您详细介绍初中英语语法主谓一致的规则和常见用法。
一、单数主语与单数谓语动词的一致在英语中,当主语为单数时,谓语动词需使用单数形式。
例如:1. The dog barks at strangers.(这只狗对陌生人吠叫。
)2. My mom cooks delicious meals.(我妈妈做出美味的饭菜。
)二、复数主语与复数谓语动词的一致当主语为复数形式时,谓语动词需使用复数形式。
例如:1. Cats like to play with yarn.(猫喜欢玩线团。
)2. They run fast in the race.(他们在比赛中跑得很快。
)三、特殊情况:不可数名词与单数谓语动词的一致不可数名词不能与复数谓语动词连用,只能与单数谓语动词连用。
例如:1. Rice is a staple food in many Asian countries.(大米是许多亚洲国家的主食。
)2. Water is essential for life.(水是生命必需的。
)四、特殊情况:集体名词与单数/复数谓语动词的一致集体名词既可与单数谓语动词连用,也可与复数谓语动词连用,具体取决于所表达的意思。
当集体名词指的是整体时,用单数谓语动词;当集体名词指的是个体成员时,用复数谓语动词。
例如:1. The team is practicing on the field.(队伍正在场上练习。
)2. My family are all waiting for me at home.(我的家人都在家等我。
)五、特殊情况:连接词与单数/复数谓语动词的一致当主语由连接词and连接时,谓语动词形式取决于所连接的主语是否为单数。
如果连接的主语是单数形式,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果连接的主语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。
初中英语知识点归纳主谓一致的常见错误用法主谓一致是英语语法中的重要知识点之一,它要求主语与谓语在人称和数量上保持一致。
正确的主谓一致能够使句子结构更加清晰,表达更加准确。
然而,常有一些错误用法在主谓一致上犯了错。
本文将归纳列举主谓一致的常见错误用法,并对其进行解析和纠正。
一、单数主语与复数谓语不一致在英语句中,单数主语需要与单数谓语相呼应,复数主语需要与复数谓语相呼应,否则就产生了主谓不一致的错误。
1. 错误:My friend have a car.正确:My friend has a car.解析:由于friend是单数形式,因此谓语应该使用单数形式has。
2. 错误:The students is studying English.正确:The students are studying English.解析:由于students是复数形式,因此谓语应该使用复数形式are。
二、某些词语作主语时的一致错误有些具有“复数意义”的词语,在做主语时需要与复数谓语相呼应。
这一类错误在以下情况中更容易出现。
1. 错误:The news is very interesting.正确:The news are very interesting.解析:news是复数形式,因此谓语应该与之保持一致,使用复数形式are。
2. 错误:Physics is my favorite subject.正确:Physics are my favorite subjects.解析:subject在此指学科,具有复数意义,因此谓语应该使用复数形式subjects。
三、不定代词作主语时的一致错误不定代词作主语时,要根据不定代词所代表的数量来确定一致的谓语形式。
以下是两个常见错误用法的示例。
1. 错误:Someone was at the door.正确:Someone were at the door.解析:someone为不定代词,代表某个人,单数形式,因此谓语应该使用单数形式was。
初中英语语法(主谓一致)主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
主谓一致要遵循三条原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
一、复习要点:1.语法一致的原则:语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
⑴单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
主语为复数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。
⑵由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:New York and Boston are American cities. 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。
Both she and her sister like drawing pictures. 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画⑶由―a… and a half, more than one +名词‖―one and a half + 名词‖, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他,已经过去一个半月了。
2023年初中英语语法学习之主谓一致高频考点主谓一致无疑是初中阶段的英语语法学习中的重要语法项目之一,再说从近年的中考来看主谓一致也是一个非常容易考试的知识点。
所以无论是从想要学习好英语的角度还是应对考试的角度来说,掌握主谓一致的知识都是很有必要的。
所谓主谓一致简单说就是,谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
名词与主谓一致1.如果主语名词是单数或不可数名词,谓语要用单数形式。
如:Rice is mainly grown in the south of China.水稻主要种植在中国的南方。
My father has a car.我爸爸有辆车。
The weather changes quickly here.这儿的天气变化多端。
2.如果主语是可数名词的复数形式,谓语动词则要用第三人称单数。
如:The flowers come out when spring comes.春天来临时百花盛开。
The students are having English class now.学生们正在上英语课。
3. there be句式中的be动词形式根据be后的第一个名词的数而确定用单数还是用复数形式。
如:There is a pen and some books on the desk.书桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
There are two pandas and a tiger in this zoo.这个动物园有两只熊猫,一只老虎。
4.如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:The singer and actor, Hu Ge, is very handsome.歌星兼演员的胡歌好帅。
The science and technology plays an important part in China.科学技术在中国扮演着重要的角色。
2024年初中英语语法主谓一致学习之意义一致与就近一致原则意义一致原则是指在英语语法中,主语和谓语在单复数意义上保持一致的原则。
这意味着,有时主语名词在语法形式上虽然是单数,却有着复数意义,其后的谓语动词便用复数。
反之亦如此。
1. 在英语中,一些名词的单复数形式相同,因此在使用这些名词作为主语时,需要根据它们所表达的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
例如,当sheep 或deer 作主语时,谓语动词应该使用单数形式,而当fish 作主语时,谓语动词应该使用复数形式。
同样的规则也适用于means、species、Chinese、Japanese 和series 等名词。
Sheep and deer are called “sheep”because they are sheeplike animals. (单数)Fish and fish are called “fish”because they are fishlike animals. (单数)Means and means are called “means”because they are ways of achieving something. (单数)Species and species are called “species”because they are different forms of the same organism. (单数)Chinese and Chinese are called “Chinese”because they are people from China. (单数)Japanese and Japanese are called “Japanese”because they arepeople from Japan. (单数)Series and series are called “series”because they are groups of related things. (复数)2. 使用“the”前缀时,需要根据形容词或名词的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
I.单数主语:
1.当every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及each, either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词为单数。
● Someone has told me about it.
● Neither of us likes the film.
2.当every 或each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前,谓语动词用单数。
(必记之要点!)
● Each girl and boy has a nickname.
● Every man and woman is welcome.
3.位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数,谓语动词须和主语一致。
常见介词短语有:in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc.
(这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。
)
● The teacher along with his students i s going to the party.
● His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him.
II.复数主语:
1.当主语由and 或both ... and 连接,通常采用复数谓语动词。
● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.
2.如主语是both, few或主语前有both, few, several, many 等限定词时,谓语动词须用复数。
● Several nove ls have been written by her.
● Both got the news at the same time.
3.下列名词总是复数形式且谓语动词必须用复数。
trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, scissors, tweezers, plier, scales , compasses, etc.
● The trousers here are mine.
别忘了:如果以上名词受“a pair of” “the pair of”修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
The pair of pants is too dirty.
III.单、复数的灵活运用:
1.当主语由neither... nor, either... or, not only ... but also 或or 连接时,谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的词一致,在英语语法中,这被称之为“就近原则”。
● Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
● Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.
2.当主语前面有none, all, some, any, most, half, majority等词时,谓语动词则根据主语的具体情况而采用相应的单、复数。
● All of the money has been in the bank. (money 是不可数名词)
● All of us have been here.
3.“a number of”是复数,修饰可数名词,谓语动词为复数,“the number of”也修饰复数名词,但谓语动词用单数。
(黄金要点!!)
● A number of students have passed the exam.
● The number of students in this class is 50.
IV. 用作单数的复数形式主语:
1.如主语是指:time, money, weight, volume, etc. 虽为复数形式,但谓语用单数形式。
● Two years is a short time.
● One hundred dollars is needed by me.
2.下列单词如:physics,economics,mathematics,statistics,etc;measles,mumps,herpes,etc,news,ethics,politics,etc. 为复数形式,但谓语动词用单数。
● Statistics is a dull subject.
● Politics is important.
3.书、报、杂志、电影的名称作主语,谓动用作单数。
● The New York Times is a good newspaper.
V.下列名词在形式上保持不变,但谓语动词的数取决于其意义:
1.family,team,class,committee,group,audience,faculty,etc.
● The family is big.(总体)● His family like to watch TV.(家庭所有成员)
2.species,series,etc.
● The species is rare.● These species are common.
3.sheep,deer,etc.
● The sheep are eating grass.● The sheep is big.
VI. Chinese, English, French, etc 指语言时,谓动是单数,如与"the" 搭配,指人民时,谓语动词用复数。
English is used widel y.
The English love peace.
1. Students today are writing ________ of poetry.
A. a great many lines
B. quantities of lines
C. lots lines
D. a large number
2. The bookstore had not ordered ________ texts for all the students in the course.
A. plenty of
B. enough
C. as many
D. enough of
3. — What did you see? — We saw ________ police there.
A. many
B. much
C. little
D. the
4. — Do you want to wait? — Two weeks ________ too long for me to wait.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
5. There they were greeted by a woman called Zenobia, ________.
A. being a beautiful woman of wealth and position
B. who is beautiful woman of wealth and position
C. a beautiful woman of wealth and position
D. and a beautiful woman of wealth and position。