二、形态
杆菌 球菌
螺旋菌
第二节 粘菌门
一、主要特征：是介于动物和植物之间的一 类生物，它们的生活史中，一段是动物性 的，另一段是植物性的。
二、 主要类群与分布
大多数粘菌为腐生菌，无直接的经济意义，只有极少数 粘菌寄生在经济植物上，危害寄主。 如：发网菌属(Stemonitis)、芸苔根肿菌 (Plasmodiophora brassicae)
第二章 菌类
.细菌门 .粘菌门 .真菌门
菌类植物的分门
• 1.细菌门（Bacteriophyta）：单细胞， 原核，细胞壁为肽 聚糖（peptidoglycan），以直接分裂的方式繁殖，无有性 生殖。
• 2.粘菌门（Myxomycota）:裸露而多核的原生质团，其营养 体的构造、运动和摄取方式与原生动物中的变形虫相似。但 繁殖时产生具纤维素细胞壁的孢子。
.~. ycetes. (a)A morel, Morchella [ioJlenta. The true morels are among ~t choicest edible fungi. Mushroom
~lO~erers look for them when the oak are "the size of a mouse's ear.“ ,~. ls were first grown successfully in [l~{ture in 1983 but have not yet been loped into a commercial crop. (b) Scarlet cup, Sarcoscypha coccinea, a beautiful fungus with an open ascoma (apothecium). (c) The highly prized,edible ascoma of a black truJJle, Tuber melanosporum. In the truJJtes, this spore-bearing structure is produced below ground and remains closed, liberating its ascospores only when the ascoma decays or is broken open by digging animals.Truffles are mycorrhizal (see page 238), mainly on oaks and hazelnuts, and are searched for by specially trained dogs and pigs. Recently, they have been cultivated commercially on a small scale by inoculating the roots of seedling host plants with their spores.
