初中英语语法名词的复习

初中英语语法复习汇总（一）名词一、名词的数1.单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：(1)一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→book s，girl→girls，boy→bo ys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors,boy→bo ys。

(2)以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxe s，watch→watche s，brush→brushe s。

(3)以ce, se, ze,(d)ge 结尾的名词加s，例如：orange—oranges。

(4)以辅音母加y 结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities,factory→factories, country→countries,family→familie s。

但要注意的是以元音字母加y 结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boy→bo ys, day→day s。

(5)以o 结尾的词多数都加-es。

例如:her o→h eroes，pota to→pot atoes，tomato→tom atoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。

例如：zoo→zoos，ra dio→radios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photo→photos，pia no→pi anos。

(6)以f 或fe 结尾的词，多数变f 为v 再加-es，例如：knife→kniv es，leaf→l eaves, half→h alves。

复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法如下表所示。

复数词尾s(或es)的读音方法情况读法例词在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后[s] cups, hats, cakes在[s][z][t][ ][F]等音后[iz] glasses, pages, oranges, buses, watches,faces在[b][d][][v]等浊辅音后[z] beds, dogs, cities, knives(7)少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：man→m en，woma n→women，tooth→t eeth，f oot→feet，child→children，mouse→mi ce。

第一章名词名词-———--- 表示人、事物、时间、地点、现象或者抽象概念的名称.可数名词的单数规则变化可数名词的复数不规则变化复合名词的复数变化名词的数集体名词的数常见的不可数名词不可数名词的数不可数名词的数量表达方式专有名词的数名词‘s所有格名词所有格of 所有格双重所有格名词在句中的作用名词的修饰语一、名词的数1。

可数名词的单数:可数名词的单数形式前面一般加冠词a或an，表示“一”的概念.2。

可数名词的复数可数名词的复数构成形式有两种:一种为规则变化,另一种则为不规则变化（其变化形式需要特别记忆)。

（1）规则变化:一般是在名词后加—s或者—es构成，有规律可循。

（2）不规则变化①元音字母发生变化：man —men 男人；woman - women 女人; foot - feet 脚；tooth —teeth 牙齿②词尾发生变化：child —children 孩子；mouse —mice 老鼠③单、复数形式相同：deer 鹿；fish 鱼；sheep 绵羊；Chinese 中国人;Japanese日本人考点提示:单、复数形式相同的名词在使用时,要注意其谓语动词的变化形式：All Chinese are proud of it. 所有中国人都为此感到骄傲.A Japanese is among the visitors. 游客中间有一位是日本人。

④某些集合名词的单数形式具有复数意义：people 人们；police 警察；public 公众⑤有些以—s结尾的名词通常被看做单数形式：physics物理；politics 政治；news新闻⑥有些名词通常只有复数形式：clothes 衣服；trousers裤子;glasses 眼镜（3）复合名词的复数变化①一般情况下只变词尾:classroom —classrooms 教室；highway —highways公路；bookshelf —bookshelves 书架②把中心名词复数:passer—by —passers—by 过路人;looker—on —lookers—on 旁观者③没有中心词,则在最后部分变化：grown—up —grown—ups 成年人考点提示：○German - Germans 德国人human —humans 人类○man或者woman 修饰另一名词时,man 或woman与被修饰的名词都要变为复数：a man doctor —men doctors 男医生；a woman teacher - women teachers 女教师3。

1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。

例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。

（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。

（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。

（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。

可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。

可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。

不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。

2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。

例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。

例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。

例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。

例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。

初中英语语法复习：名词所有格名词所有格名词所有格表示名词之间的所有或所属关系。

语法知识精练题型一：’s所有格1．（23-24七年级上·安徽黄山·期末）This is________room.It looks very clean.A．Kitty’s and Mary’s B．Kitty and Mary’sC．Kitty’s and Mary D．Kitty and Mary2．（23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期末）It’s about________bus ride from my home to the library.A．10minutes B．10-minutes C．10minutes’D．10minute’s 3．（23-24七年级上·吉林松原·期末）What’s________favorite color?A．your mother B．your mother’s C．yours mother D．yours mother’s 4．（23-24七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Is the room only for Amy?1—No,it’s________.A．Amy’s and her sister’s B．Amy’s and her sisterC．Amy and her sister D．Amy and her sister’s5．（23-24七年级下·江苏南京·期中）—________is this computer?—I have no idea.It seems to be________.A．Who;Mike sister B．Who’s;Mike’s sisterC．Which;Mike sister’s D．Whose;Mike’s sister’s6．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期中）That new car is________.It’s their________car.A．my father and my mother’s;the firstB．my father and my mother’s;firstC．my father’s and my mother’s;the firstD．my father’s and my mother’s;first7．（23-24七年级下·江苏盐城·期末）—Is Mrs Green______mother?—Yes,and she is also our English teacher.A．Jan and Jill B．Jan’s and Jill C．Jan and Jill’s D．Jan’s and Jill’s8．（23-24七年级下·江苏盐城·期末）That’s_________bedroom.They share the same bedroom.A．Lucy’s and Lily’s B．Lucy and Lily C．Lucy’s and Lily D．Lucy and Lily’s 9．（23-24七年级下·广东江门·期末）June1st is________Day.A．Child B．Children C．Children’s D．Childrens’10．（23-24七年级上·四川遂宁·期末）—Who is she?—She is________mother.She is a teacher.A．Tom and Kate B．Tom and Kate’sC．Tom’and Kate D．Tom’s and Kate’s11．（23-24七年级下·天津河北·期末）Janet received many gifts from her families on International Day.A．Woman B．Woman’s C．Women D．Women’s12．（23-24七年级上·四川凉山·期末）—Is this your room?—No,it isn’t.It’s my________room.My mother and father live in it.A．parents’B．parent’s C．parent D．parent’13．（23-24七年级上·吉林·期末）These rooms are________.A．Tim and Tom’s B．Tim’s and Tom’sC．Tim’s and Tom D．Tim and Tom214．（23-24七年级上·河北沧州·期末）—Is this________book?—No,it isn’t.It’s________book.A．you;her B．your;my C．my;Jenny D．your;Lucy’s15．（23-24七年级上·河北保定·期末）This is my________computer.They buy it at a good price.A．parent B．parent’s C．parents D．parents’16．（23-24七年级上·广东汕头·期末）________grandfathers are walking slowly along the avenue.A．Tom and Tim’s B．Tom’s and Tim’s C．Tom’s and Tim D．Tom and Tim17．（23-24七年级上·河北石家庄·期末）It’s________room.It’s big and nice.A．Alice’s and Gina’s B．Alice’s and Gina C．Alice and Gina’s D．Alice and Gina18．（23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—________is your home from the school?—Only________walk.A．How far;5minutes’B．How far;5minute’s C．How long;5minutes’D．How long;5minutes19．（23-24七年级上·安徽淮南·期末）—Dad,is this________volleyball?—No,________is in that box.A．Bill;his B．Bill’s;his C．Bill;he D．Bill’s;he20．（23-24七年级上·湖北随州·期末）—When is your______birthday?—His birthday is______April5th.A．father’s;on B．father;on C．father,in D．father’s;in题型二：of所有格21．（23-24七年级上·河北秦皇岛·期末）Look,this is a photo________my family.I love my family.A．at B．on C．of D．for22．（23-24七年级上·四川泸州·期中）Here is a photo________my family.A．in B．under C．on D．of23．（23-24七年级上·四川雅安·期中）—Helen,what’s this________English?—It’s a map________Tianjin.A．of;in B．of;of C．in;at D．in;of24．（23-24七年级上·江苏淮安·期中）I’m________the Drawing club.What about you?A．a member of B．the member of C．the member D．a member325．（23-24七年级上·湖南邵阳·期中）This is a photo________my family.A．at B．of C．in26．（22-23七年级上·全国·课时练习）Is that a photo________his family?A．to B．of C．for D．with27．（23-24七年级上·山东菏泽·期中）—Here is a photo________our school.—Thank you________your photo.It’s very nice.A．to,for B．to,of C．of,for D．of,to28．（23-24七年级上·山东青岛·期中）This is a photo________my family.A．of B．in C．for D．to29．（22-23七年级上·广东江门·期中）It’s________.A．a picture of my family B．a picture in my familyC．our family of picture D．a picture of our30．（23-24七年级上·天津和平·期中）There is a picture________Lucy’s family________the wall.A．on;of B．at;in C．of;in D．of;on31．（23-24七年级上·浙江宁波·期中）—What’s this________English?—It’s a photo________my family.A．in;on B．of;in C．in;of D．in;about32．（23-24七年级上·贵州贵阳·期中）This is a picture________my family.My pet dog Wangwang is________ my family,too.A．of;of B．of;in C．in;of33．（22-23七年级上·福建莆田·期末）My Country,My Parents《我和我的父辈》is the name________a movie (电影).A．in B．on C．of34．（22-23七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）The three astronauts(航天员)set out(出发)on their journey to the Tiangong space station________the night________Nov.29.A．in;of B．at;in C．on;in D．on;of35．（23-24七年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Kitty has a bedroom________.There are many toys in it.A．her own B．of her own C．on her own D．by her own36．（23-24七年级下·四川成都·期中）—Look!Sam in this photo is laughing so happily.—Yes,I really like this________.A．photo of he B．photo of him C．photo of his D．photo for him437．（23-24七年级上·山东青岛·期中）—Look at the room,what a tidy room!—Yes,it’s a room________my little sister.A．at B．on C．of D．in38．（22-23七年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）Messi is one of my favorite stars.I have many________at home.A．photo of his B．photo of him C．photos of his D．photos of him39．（22-23七年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Is he a friend of________?A．my B．him C．hers D．you40．（23-24七年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—I hear that you watched the film the Battle of Lake Changjin________ the afternoon________National Day,right?—Yes.I was really moved deeply.A．at;on B．on;of C．in;of D．on;on题型三：双重所有格41．（23-24七年级下·江苏南京·期中）An old friend of________is going to go on a trip to Beijing.A．mine B．my C．me D．I42．（23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期中）Yesterday I happened to meet a friend of________in the street.We lost touch for a long time.A．me B．I C．mine D．my43．（23-24七年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Mr.Smith is________.A．a friend of my mother B．a my mother’s friend C．my father’s a friend D．a friend of my father’s44．（23-24七年级下·江苏徐州·期末）We are happy.A friend of________is coming to see us tomorrow.A．we B．us C．our D．ours45．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期中）The man in the black coat is Mr.Ma,he is an old friend of________.A．I B．me C．my D．mine46．（23-24七年级下·上海静安·期中）A friend of_______came to visit me.He is a top student and I should learn from______.A．me;he B．me;him C．mine;he D．mine;him47．（22-23七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Our English teacher not only teaches__________English but also a friend of__________.A．our;us B．our;ours C．us;us D．us;ours548．（23-24七年级下·江苏苏州·期末）Our English teacher not only teaches________English and also a friend of________.A．our;us B．our;ours C．us;us D．us;ours49．（22-23七年级上·湖北武汉·期中）—I find you always play with Alan at school.—Yes.And I am really one best friend of________.A．he B．his C．she D．her50．（22-23七年级下·全国·期末）—Why are you buying so much food?—An old friend of________is coming to see him this evening.A．me B．I C．he D．my father’s51．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Mrs Wang is a good friend of________.She teaches________English.A．my;your B．mine;you C．me;you D．mine;your52．（23-24七年级下·江苏无锡·期中）Mary________a room________a friend of________in the city center.A．shares,with,hers B．shares,with,herC．share,and,hers D．share,and,her53．（23-24七年级下·广西钦州·期中）—Dad,an old friend of________is going to visit our town.—Yes,I would like________him around our town.A．your;show B．yours;to show C．your;to show D．yours;show54．（22-23七年级下·江苏南通·阶段练习）I share my room________a friend of________.A．to,me B．with,my C．with,mine D．from,mine 55．（2023·上海宝山·二模）Bob was chatting with a friend of________on the Internet this time yesterday.A．he B．him C．his D．himself56．（22-23七年级下·江苏常州·期中）—Do you know__________boy standing at the gate of the school?—Of course.He is a classmate of__________.A．a;me B．the;me C．a;mine D．the;mine57．（22-23七年级下·江苏盐城·期中）Our Chinese teacher not only teaches________Chinese and also a friend of________.A．our;us B．our;ours C．us;us D．us;ours58．（22-23七年级下·上海浦东新·期末）Mrs.Robinson is a teacher of_______.We all like her so much.A．us B．our C．we D．ours59．（22-23七年级下·辽宁沈阳·期末）A picture of________was shown in the class yesterday.A．me B．my C．mine D．myself660．（23-24七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）I share my living room with a friend of_________.A．me B．mine C．my D．Myself7初中英语语法复习：名词所有格答案1．B【详解】句意：这是基蒂和玛丽的房间。

初中英语语法知识点整理总结(超详细),学霸人手一份初中英语语法知识点整理总结一、名词（Noun）1. 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单数和复数形式，而不可数名词没有复数形式。

2. 名词的复数形式：a. 大多数名词在词尾加-s：book-books, girl-girlsb. 以-s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的名词在词尾加-es：box-boxes, class-classesc. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变y为i, 再加-es：family-families, baby-babiesd. 以-f, -fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v, 再加-es：leaf-leaves, half-halvese. 一些名词变化不规则：man-men, woman-women, child-children3. 名词的所有格：a. 单数名词在词尾加-'s：Tom's book（汤姆的书）b. 复数名词在词尾加-'：the boys' bikes（男孩们的自行车）4. 名词的用法：a. 作主语：A dog is an animal.（狗是一种动物）b. 作宾语：I like apples.（我喜欢苹果）c. 作表语：The book is interesting.（这本书很有趣）d. 作定语：a car key（一把车钥匙）e. 作宾补：I find the movie exciting.（我觉得这部电影很刺激）二、冠词（Article）1. 不定冠词a/an：a. a用于以辅音音素（consonant phoneme）开头的词前：a book（一本书）b. an用于以元音音素（vowel phoneme）开头的词前：an apple（一个苹果）2. 定冠词the：a. 用于特指某一事物或人：the book（这本书）b. 用于上文已提及的事物或人：There is a book. The book is interesting.（这里有一本书。

第一章名词大家好，我是名词家族(Nouns)中的一员，来认识一下我们一家人吧，让我们成为朋友（friends）吧。

driver mouse flowerhouse可数名词police牛肉beef水water不可数名词友谊friendship小玉Xiaoyu专有名词巴黎pairs同学们，观察以上集合，我们能够看出，名词就是表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称。

名词又可分为专有名词与普通名词。

专有名词表示个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称，如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)。

而普通名词是指许多人或事物的共有名称。

如：pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词,如：box, child, orange；又可分为集体名词与个体名词。

不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词。

如：water, news, oil, population, information .好了，我们先了解这么多，你会很快对我家的每一位成员熟悉的。

加油！试一下，把上面图中的单词填在适当的空格中，相信你一定能填正确。

专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词第一节可数名词找一找：小朋友，快来读一读下面的例句，找一找，你能发现什么吗？1. There are lots of tomatoes in the basket on the table.桌子上的篮子里有很多的西红柿。

2.Ａdeer has four legs.鹿有四条腿。

3. The monkeys are very fat. 这些猴子很肥。

4. Her two brothers are both policemen. 她的两个哥哥都是警察。

5. The boy often brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.这个男孩经常睡觉前刷牙。