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Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period英美文学课件

Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period英美文学课件


Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
Achievements:
Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the blank verse and made it the principal medium of English drama. His second achievement is his creation of the Renaissance hero for English drama.
Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
Edmund Spenser (1552-- 1599)
Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
The Faerie Queene
incomplete English epic poem
education
Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
Representative works:
• • • • Tamburlaine the Great (1587-1588) The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus (1589) The Jew of Malta (1590) “The passionate shepherd to his love”
2 long narrative poems
154 sonnets
Lecture 2 The Renaissance Period
sonnet
a lyric poem comprising 14 rhyming lines of equal length, iambic pentameters in English
renaissance 欧洲文学史课件

renaissance 欧洲文学史课件

• The Renaissance idea such as humankind rules 征服nature contributed to the development of modern science and technology.
政治影响
• Renaissance thinkers used classical precedents 先 例 to preserve保护 and defend防御 the concepts概 念 of republicanism 共和主义 and human freedom. • These ideas had a permanent 永久的 impact on the English constitutional 立宪的 theory. • They may also have inflenced the form of government adopted in the United States. • Above all, the Renaissance left to the world monuments里程碑 of artistic beauty that define明确 画出。。外形 Western culture.
• • • • • • • • •
人类是一件多么了不起的杰作！ 多么高贵的理性！ 多么伟大的力量！ 多么优美的仪表！ 多么文雅的举动！ 在行为上多么像一个天使！ 在智慧上多么像一个天神！ 宇宙的精华！ 万物的灵长！
Humanism: major concepts 概念
• It is the dominant主要的首要的 intellectual movement of the Renaissance • It is a philosophy based on the idea that people are rational 理性的 beings.
英国文学课件lecture 3 Renaissance

英国文学课件lecture 3 Renaissance


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In religion they demanded the reformation of the church. In art and literature, instead of singing praise to God, they sang in praise of man and of the pursuit of happiness in this life. Humanism shattered the shackles of spiritual bondage of man’s mind by the Roman Catholic Church and opened his eyes to “a brave new world” in front of him.
In 1453, the Turks seized Constantinople which had been the center of Mediterranean civilization for a thousand years. When Constantinople fell to the hands of the Turks, many of its Greek teachers fled with their libraries to Italy and taught in Italian universities.
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To some English Renaissance, humanism did not mean that there was nothing to do with God. To Edmund Spenser, for instance, God is the first principle, and all human actions and behaviours should not be contradictory to the divine laws of God. That is, the natural grace should not contradict with the divine grace.
外研社英美文学简史及名篇选读教学课件英国文学u2

外研社英美文学简史及名篇选读教学课件英国文学u2

Spenserian Stanza (斯宾塞诗体) ：
A nine-line stanza consisting of eight lines of iambic pentameter and a concluding line of iambic hexameter, rhyming ABABBCBCC , named after English poet Edmund Spenser.
Other definition:
During the 14th and 16th centuries an intellectual movement known as the Renaissance swept Europe. It was characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works. The sonnet and other Italian literary influences began to appear in English literature. (谢福之，2013:67）
2. Plot and theme of The Faerie Queene :
--12 books were to describe the 12 adventures (only finished 6). Each knight represents a virtue, as Holiness, Chastity, Friendship, Justice and Courtesy. It is written in a 9-line stanza form, named Spenserian Stanza.
(3) His works paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist，Shakespeare.
The-Renaissance.ppt1文艺复兴

The-Renaissance.ppt1文艺复兴


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In Praise of Folly ( Desiderius Erasmus )
------F. Engles
Here from Engels’ analysis we may see the chief characteristics of the Renaissance: (1)Politically the feudal nobility lost their power and with the establishment of the great monarchies there was the centralization of power necessary for the development of the bourgeoisie;
第16页，共81页。
• e. defeating the Spanish Invincible fleet “Armada” in 1588 and the establishment of the hegemony（霸权） on the seas.
• f. The geographical exploration and trade expansion brought about the growth of the cities and the development of the capitalist textile（织物）industry.
Chapter 5 The English Renaissance.ppt

Chapter 5 The English Renaissance.ppt

the capitalist class the laboring class two opposite classes
Renaissance
Time: began in the 14th century ended in the 17th century Place : began in Italy spread in France, Spain, the Netherlands, England Meaning: rebirth
A flourishing of drama in the last decades of the 16th century.
Reasons: 1. Cities and towns grew rapidly in the 16th century. 2. There was no other means of entertainment. The first: “The Theatre” in 1576 famous actor James Burbage Shakespeare
The reason of the Enclosure Movement
1. the rising of the burgher class 2. the discovery of the new sea routes 3. the wool trade
The result of the Enclosure Movement
The first modern drama
* not performed by professionals, nor by guilds * written by a school master * performed by choir boys before 1556 * Ralph Royster Doyster * comedy
英美文学 unit 2 The Renaissance

英美文学 unit 2 The Renaissance


Focus: worldly or divine life? humanity or divinity? human values or old religious ideas?
II. Renaissance Period Essence: humanism Philosophical foundation: man is the measure of all things Are human beings merely servants of God? glorious creatures with dignity to question, explore and enjoy the worldly life capable of development in the direction of perfections capable of performing wonders
Of Mans First Disobedience, and the Fruit Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal taste Brought Death into the World, and all our woe, With loss of Eden, till one greater Man Restore us, and regain the blissful Seat,
In all, it is a cultural movement in which II. Renaissance Period European humanist thinkers & scholars attempted to get rid of the old feudalist ideas, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, & to recover the purity of the early church. It acts as a bridge between the medieval and the modern world. Focus: worldly or divine life? humanity or
English literature of the Renaissance.ppt

English literature of the Renaissance.ppt

Europe
Middle ages’ and Renaissance’s Objectives
➢ During the Middle Ages
Find God Prove pre-conceived
ideas
➢ During the Renaissance
Find man Promote learning
Sir Thomas Malory’s Le Morte D’Arthur 1) A Brief Introduction to Malory
Malory was an English country gentleman and soldier, a member of parliament for Warwickshire in 1445, and later fought on the side of Lancastrians in the War of the Roses. In 1450 he was charged with several crimes and sentenced to imprisonment. In prison, he translated Le Morte D’Arthur from French where he spent a great deal part of the last 20 years of his life. Thomas Malory is the only important prose writer in the 15th century
"The Renaissance gave birth to the modern era, in that it was in this era that human beings first began to think of themselves as individuals. In the early Middle Ages, people had been happy to see themselves simply as parts of a greater whole – for example, as members of a great family, trade guild, nation, or Church. This communal consciousness of the Middle Ages gradually gave way to the individual consciousness of the Renaissance."
The renaissance 英国文学史及选读课件

The renaissance 英国文学史及选读课件


2.Renaissance:
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
•
Renaissance means revival, specially
between the 14th and mid 17th century, revival
of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture.
• Renaissance, therefore, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism(保守主义) in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities.
• Italian Galileo’s(1564-1642) gravitational force, discovery of Jupiter’s satellites, Moon’s mountainous nature, etc.
Historical background
Ideologically
Historical background
Socially
7. Royalty
• the Stuarts: James I (1603-1685)
•
The English Renaissance英国文学PPT教学课件

The English Renaissance英国文学PPT教学课件

❖ Ideal of Renaissance: Humanism.
❖ In 1453,the Turks seized Constantinople.
❖ The Englishmen who studied in Italy brought the new learning back with them to the monasteries at Oxford and Cambridge and from there Greek and Roman culture were spread to other places.
2020/12/10
Chapter Five
The English Renaissance (1550-1642)
1
Historical Background
❖ The reign of Queen Elizabeth(1588-1603)— peace and prosperity
❖ English navy defeated Spanish Armada in 1588, and became a mighty naval power.
2020/12/10
3
Humanism
❖ So many brilliant writers worked at the same time.
❖ The literary movement began in the 14th century in Italy and later spread to France, Spain, the Netherlands, and England.
❖ The first modern drama, however, was not performed by professionals, not by guilds, as in the case of the miracle plays—Ralph Royster Doyster.
英国文学的PPT教案English literature in the Renaissance(14

英国文学的PPT教案English literature in the Renaissance(14


2021/8/17
7
Economic background
• development of wool trade
↓
Enclosure Movement 圈地运动 (sheep devoured men)
↓
Rich merchants and craftsmen → bourgeoisie
↓
peasants →laborers in towns →proletariat
↓
Conflicts between the ruling and laboring classes
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8
Political background
• Feudalist relations →capitalism
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9
Religious background
• Catholic church (corruption, superstition) ↓
– His 12 eclogues represent the 12 months of the year and discuss themes of love, religion, poetry and others.
• The Faerie Queene (1580)
– His masterpiece dedicated to Queen Elizabeth
Religious reformation (Martin Luther) ↓
Henry VIII (1531) ↓
Church of England (Anglican church) 1534
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10
Henry 8 ( a Tudor Monarch)

英国文学史及选读课件 4 The Renaissance


Renaissance
c. Now it is used to indicate the intellectual and literary movement over Europe from the 14th to the early 17th century.
பைடு நூலகம்
Renaissance
d. A great number of the works of classical authors were translated into English during the 16th century. e. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.
a. Manufactories were developing and the wool trade was rapidly growing.
The large-scale enclosure圈地;围场 of common land It’s a time called by Thomas More “sheep devoured吞食 men” period.
f. “He’s not of an age, but of all time" — Ben Jonson g. He had the largest command of vocabulary. (16,000 different words)
Homework
To preview “To be or not to be” soliloquy To preview “Sonnet 18”
Henry VI
*Shakespeare’s achievement and significance 2 long narrative poems; 154 sonnets; 37 plays

The renaissance 英国文学史及选读课件

• Italian Galileo’s(1564-1642) gravitational force, discovery of Jupiter’s satellites, Moon’s mountainous nature, etc.
Historical background
Ideologically
• epics: Homer, Vigil, Dante//Spenser, Milton
• sonnets: Petrarch, Dante// Shakespeare, Sidney “Arcadia”, Jonson, Donne and Andrew Marvell
Literature
2. English literature
Historical background
Ideologically
• 1. Copernicus (1473-1543, Polish astronomer) and German Johannes Kepler about the center of the universe (heliocentric, not Earth, E circles around the Sun)
2.Renaissance:
•
Renaissance means revival, specially
between the 14th and mid 17th century, revival
of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture.
• Renaissance, therefore, in essence, was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of conservatism(保守主义) in feudalist Europe and introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, to lift the restrictions in all areas placed by the Roman church authorities.

英美文学PPT课件


对未来发展的启示
激发创新精神
英美文学作品中所蕴含的创新精 神和探索精神，可以激发读者的 创新意识和创造力。
培养批判性思维
通过对英美文学作品的分析和解 读，可以培养读者的批判性思维 和独立思考能力。
引领社会进步
英美文学作品中所反映的社会问 题和人性的探索，可以为解决现 实问题提供启示，推动社会的进 步和发展。
《哈姆雷特》赏析
• 总结词：莎士比亚的经典悲剧之一， 讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特为报父仇而 与亲人、爱人之间发生的一系列故事。
《哈姆雷特》赏析
• 详细描述 • 《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚的经典悲剧之一，讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特为报父仇
而与亲人、爱人之间发生的一系列故事。故事中充满了复仇、背叛、爱情和人 性的挣扎等元素，通过这些元素的描绘，莎士比亚深刻地探讨了人性的复杂性 和悲剧的本质。 • 哈姆雷特是一个复杂多面的人物形象，他既是一个勇敢、智慧的王子，又是一 个内心充满矛盾和痛苦的人。他的性格特点和情感纠葛是小说的核心内容之一 ，通过他的经历，小说探讨了人性中的善恶、忠诚与背叛等问题。同时，《哈 姆雷特》中的其他人物形象也十分鲜明，如克劳狄斯王后的虚伪、奥菲利娅的 悲惨命运等。 • 《哈姆雷特》的语言优美、生动，情节曲折跌宕。莎士比亚运用了丰富的修辞 手法和文学技巧，使得小说的表达更加生动有力。同时，《哈姆雷特》作为一 部悲剧作品，深刻地探讨了人性的
《傲慢与偏见》赏析
• 总结词：简·奥斯丁的代表作，展现了19世纪英国乡村的 日常生活和婚恋观念。
《傲慢与偏见》赏析
• 详细描述 • 简·奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》是一部描绘19世纪英国乡村生活和婚恋观念的经
典小说。通过对班纳特家庭中五个女儿的婚恋经历的叙述，展现了当时社会对 于婚姻和家庭地位的看法。小说中通过对人物性格、社会习俗和道德观念的刻 画，反映了当时社会的价值观和道德观念。 • 《傲慢与偏见》中的主要人物形象鲜明，伊丽莎白·班纳特和达西先生是小说 中最具代表性的角色。他们的性格特点和情感纠葛是小说的核心内容。通过他 们的经历，小说探讨了人性中的傲慢、偏见、爱情和社会地位等问题。 • 《傲慢与偏见》的语言优美、幽默，情节紧凑。小说中通过对人物心理活动的 描写和对社会现象的讽刺，展现了简·奥斯丁独特的文学风格。同时，小说中 通过对自然景观和乡村生活的描绘，展现了19世纪英国乡村的美丽风光和人 文风情。

英美文学-Renaissance 文艺复兴


As it was published in 1596, the epic presented the following virtues: Book I: Holiness Book II: Temperance Book III: Chastity Book IV: Friendship Book V: Justice Book VI: Courtesy In addition to these six virtues, the Letter to Raleigh suggests that Arthur represents the virtues of Magnificence, which ("according to Aristotle and the rest") is "the perfection of all the rest, and conteineth in it them all"; and that the Faerie Queene herself represents Glory (hence her name, Gloriana).
IV. Major Authors and Works (2)
2. Edmund Spenser and his “ The Faerie Queene”
Spenser, published first in three books in 1590, and later in six books in 1596. The Faerie Queene is notable for its form: it was the first work written in Spenserian stanza. It is an allegorical work, written in praise of Queen Elizabeth I. Largely symbolic, the poem follows several knights in an examination of several virtues. and was consequently a success, to the extent that it became Spenser's defining work. A measure of the favour which the poem found with the monarch is that Spenser was granted a pension for life on account of it (50 pounds a year). The work found great acclamation among critics and has been the subject of many analyses.
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Hamlet, the Character


Enigmatic[.enɪg'mæ tɪk]: mysterious and difficult to understand. 神秘难解的 philosophical [fɪlə'sɒfɪk(ə)l]: 哲学的（等于philosophic）； 冷静的 contemplative [kən'templətɪv]： 沉思的 Melancholy, discontented with the state of affairs in Denmark and in his own family; contemplating his own death; being afraid of spiritual aftermath of death; Indecisive[ɪndɪ'saɪsɪv]犹豫不决的, inactive, passive 被 动的，消极的; Compulsive talker.
The Renaissance
(Part IV)
14th-17th Centuries
Renaissance


The removal of the old feudalist['fjʊdlɪst] ideas in medieval Europe; The introduction of new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie[,bʊəʒwɑː'ziː] 资产阶级 and the recovery of the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church; The revival of classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences; Humanism as the essence of the renaissance.



Function, importance, and tips concerning studies; Parallels as major rhetorical device; Importance of knowledge and reason for human development, which paved the way for the Enlightenment.
Shylock, the Character


Antagonist[æn'tæg(ə)nɪst], villain['vɪlən], cruel, stingy/miserly; Victim of Christians’ discrimination.
Bacon’s “Of Studies”
Questions for Part I is the significance of Renaissance? What do you think of Shylock’s revenge? What are expressed of Bacon’s views in “Of Studies”?