2020年公共英语四级考试阅读模拟试题5.doc

全国公共英语等级考试四级模拟试题及详解Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always ing in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous，’ they say，‘that this entirely unproductive industry if we can call it that should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big panies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all，it’s the consumer who pays。

’The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine，it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance，price，etc.，from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements，but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are，too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful，witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.We must not forget，either，that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers，mercial radio and television panies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper，or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which a re in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the munity! Just about anything can be plished through these columns. For instance，you can find a job，buy or sell a house，announce a birth，marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch，match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaperprovides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!1. What is main idea of this passage?A. Advertisement.B. The benefits of advertisement.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to munities.D. The costs of advertisement.2. The attitude of the author toward advertisers isA. appreciative.B. trustworthy.C. critical.D. dissatisfactory.3. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?A. Because advertisers often brag.B. Because critics think advertise ment is a “waste of money”。

第⼀部分：听⼒部分（省略）第⼆部分：英语知识运⽤第⼀节：单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填⼊空⽩处选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊．1.-How about the book you are reading ?-Good , indeed . It ________many problems we have come across in our study.A. saysB. talksC. coversD. refers2. I'd like to take my picture ________stands a high tower.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. there3. I'd like to buy a house, modern and comfortable, and __________, in a quiet place.A. afar allB. above allC. in allD. for all4. -You've got a good result in your research, haven't you?-Yes , but much ________ .A. remains to doB. is remains to doC. remains to be doneD. has remained to do it5. -I must be leaving now. It'll be 3 hours' drive to get there.-__________.A. Good-byeB. Take careC. Take it easyD. What can I do for you6. Nobody could have guessed , in those days , the place in history that Martin Luther King, Jr____.A. was havingB. was to haveC. had hadD. had7. The queen will visit the town in May , ________ she will open the new hospital.A. whenB. thenC. whileD. but8. I'll come , ________ I don't expect to enjoy myself.A. ifB. sinceC. asD. though9. You _________in such a hurry just now. Look, there is plenty of time left.A. don't have to do itB. needn't have done itC. wouldn't do itD. mustn't have done it10. _____________is one of the five working language at U.N. , which _______ are veryproud of.A. The Chinese, the ChineseB. Chinese language, ChineseC. Chinese, the ChineseD. Chinese language, the Chinese11. -What's your problem ?- I have lost sight of my mum and dad . I saw them ________ in front of me a moment ago.A. were walkingB. to have walkerC. walkD. walking12. Children are tired of learning often because they are __________to do more than they can.A. expectedB. suggestedC. hopedD. wished13. _________ concerts will be needed if we wanted to collect enough money to start a school.A. Some other tenB. Another tenC. Other tenD. Ten others14. The door burst open and ________ , shouting with anger.A. in rushed the crowdB. rushed in the crowdC. the crowd tin rushedD. in the crowd rushed15. We carved their names on the stone so that younger generations could know whattheir forefathers ____ for the nation.A. didB. were doingC. had doneD. have been doing第⼆节：完形填空阅读下⾯短⽂，从短⽂后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C、D中选出能填⼊相应空⽩处选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊．In its home country of Germany, the hot dog was called the frankfurter. It was named 16 Frankfurt, a German city. Frankfurters were first 17 in the United States in 18 . Americans called frankfurters "dachshundsausages"(达克思⾹肠).A dachshund is a dog from Germany 19 a very long body and short legs. Dachshund sausages first 20popular in New York, 21 at baseball games. At games they were sold by men 22 kept them 23 in hot-water tanks.As the men walked 24 the rows of people , they yelled , "Get your dachshund sausages ! Get your hot dachshund sausages ! " People got the sausages on 25 , a special bread.26 in 1906 a newspaper cartoonist 27 Tad Dorgan went to a baseball game. 28 he saw the men with the dachshund sausages, he got an idea 29 a cartoon. The next day at the newspaper office he 30 a bun with a dachshund inside ---31 a dachshund sausage,32 a dachshund. Dorgan 33 how to spell dachshund . Under the cartoon, he wrote "Get your hot dogs !"The cartoon was a sensation(轰动) , and 34 .If you go to a baseball game today, you can still see sellers walking 35with hot-water tanks. As they walk up and down the rows they yell."Get your hot dogs here! Get your hot dogs !"16. A . with B. after C. by D. of17. A. got B. sold C. bought D. make18. A. the 1860s B. 1860's C. the 1860 D. 1865s19. A. by B. of C. at D. with20. A. gained B. stayed C. became D. were turned21. A. special B. especially C. certainly D. surely22. A. those B. which C. what D. who23. A. cool B. hot C. warm D. cold24. A. sometimes B. up and down C. someday D. here and there25. A. buns B. the tops C. coffee D. chocolates26. A. A day B. Any day C. Certain D. One day27. A. who is B. was C. was called D. named28. A. When B. While C. If D. Whether29. A. to B. as C. with D. for30. A. called B. made C. drew D. bought31. A. no B. without C. not D. for32. A. except B. but C. and D. except for33. A. didn't know B. wonders C. was sure D. never knows34. A. so the new name was B. so is the cartoonistC. so was the new nameD. the new name was so35. A. over B. around C. fast D. all day第三部分：阅读理解( A )What are some of the steps a person can take to prevent his house from being broken into while he is away? One step is to make sure that the house seems a lived-in one. Living room curtains should be pulled down only half-way. Bedrooms that usually have the curtains pulled down at night should be left down . Another is to make sure that all outside locks are the dead-bolt type (双保险) . Still another is to leave several 100W lights burning and make sure that one is in the kitchen. Lights that turned on and off by themselves are the best. Then, too, it is a good idea to leave the radio turned on and setto a talking station. Any type of speaking makes a thief think twice before trying to enter. Finally, while away on holiday, make sure that nothing collects in front or in the house. Particularly, make certain that the newspaper is stopped and thata trusted neighbour has been asked to pick up the mail. Thieves are especially quick to notice piled-up newspapers and overpiled mail boxes.36. Why did the writer begin this piece with question?A. Because he wanted to catch the readers' attention.B. Because he wanted to have the readers guess the answer before reading.C. Because he wanted to sum up (概括) the topic of the piece.D. Because he wanted to make the readers understand him better.37. The word "live-in" in this passage means ______________.A. left emptyB. lively and cheerfulC. now being used by peopleD. laid inside38. What does the writer advise the people to do?A. Ask a neighbour to pick up the daily mailB. Make sure to have lights that turn on and off by themselves.C. Make sure the newspaper is handed over every day.D. Pull the living room curtains down.39. The most important room to leave a light burning in is the _________.A. bedroomB. kitchenC. living roomD. sitting-room( B )Mr Richards has worked in a small seaside town for about ten years and he and his wife have a comfortable house near the sea.During the winter they would be quite happy, but every summer a lot of their relatives used to spend holiday in their house , and it was much cheaper than staying in hotel . Finally one day in June Mr Richards complained to a clever friend of his who lived in the same place. "One of my wife's cousins is going to bring her husband and children and spend ten days with us next month again. How have you prevented all your relatives from coming to live with you in summer ?" "Oh,"the friend answered, "that is not difficult. I just borrow money from all the rich ones, and lend it to all the poor ones. After that,they seldom come again." Hearing this Mr Richards smiled.40. The relatives preferred to stay in Mr Richards' house because _____________.A. it was cool in summerB. they might spend less moneyC. they were more welcomeD. it was a comfortable place41. According to his friend's opinion, the poor relatives would stop going there so oftenbecause ________ .A. they were shy to borrow money againB. hey were afraid to be asked to pay off the debtsC. they had been ill-treatedD. it wasn't happy for the poor to meet the rich42. The best title for this passage is ___________.A. Such a Clever FriendB. Mr Richards and his FriendC. Money is ImportantD. Such Good Usage of Money43. After reading the passage we can infer _____________.A. Mr Richards still complains about the coming of his relatives in summerB. The friend of Mr Richards' hadn't as many relatives as RichardsC. Gradually Mr Richards succeeded in keeping his relatives out in summerD. sNone of Richards' relatives came to the seaside town for their holidays again( C )I wonder why American towns looks so much alike that I sometimes mix them up in my memory. The standard influence(影响)of massproduction whose agents(代理商)are the travellingsalesman, the mail-order house, the five-and-ten cent stores, the chain stores, the movies can hardly explain it. If you stay two days in Bologna and in Ferrare, or in Arles and in Avignon, you will never mix them up in all your life. But it may well happen that after you spend two days in St.Louis and in Kansas City the appearances of these two cities soon mix up. I think the reason for this is that these towns have not yet had time enough to develop their own characters. Similarly, children are much less different from each other than grown people.44. Which two of the following towns look so much alike?A. Bologna and FerrareB. Arles and AvignonC. St. Louis and Kansas CityD. Bologna and St. Louis45. In line 4 the word "it" refers to ____________.A. standard of townsB. similarity of townsC. people's memoryD. mass production46. American towns look very much alike because of ____________.A. the standard influence of mass productionB. their different appearancesC. not being fully developedD. having everything in common( D )Millions of stars are travelling about in space. A few form groups which journey together, but most of them travel alone.And they travel through a universe so large that one star seldom comes near to another. For the most part each star makes its journey in complete loneliness, like a ship on an empty ocean. The ship will be well over a million miles from its nearest neighbor. From this it is easy to understand why a star seldom finds another anywhere neat it.We believe, however, that some two thousand million years ago, another star wandering(漫游) through space, happened to comenear our sun, Just as the sun and the moon raise tides(潮汐)on the earth, so this star must have raised tides on the surface of the sun .But they were very different from the small tides that are raised in our oceans; a large tidal wavemust have travelled over the surface of the sun, at last forming a mountain so high that we cannot imagine it. As the cause of the disturbance(动荡) came nearer, so the mountain rose higher and higher. And before the star began to move away again,its tidal pull had become so powerful that this mountain was torn to pieces and threw off small parts of itself into space. These small pieces have been going round the sun ever since. They are the planets(⾏星).47. Millions of stars are _______________.A. following a regular path in spaceB. moving about without a fixed courseC. seldom wandering about in the universeD. always travelling together48. Some two thousand million years ago, the mountain on the sun was raised probably because__________.A. a large tidal wave of a star travelled over the surface of the sunB. another star happened to come near the sunC. the sun and the moon raised the tides on the earthD. the star moved away from the sun49. The article suggests that _____________ .A. our earth exists before the sunB. how space formedC. no one knows where the earth comes fromD. our earth used to be a high mountain on the sun50. The expression "the cause of the disturbance" refers to _________.A. the large tidal waveB. the powerful tidal pullC. the star coming near the sunD. one of the sun's planets51. In this article, the writer mainly wants to tell the readers __________.A. that the universe is so large that we cannot imagine itB. how the high mountains were formed on the sunC. why the tides over the surface of the sun were so powerfulD. where the planets in the universe came from( E )Contacts(交往) between Japan and the rest of the world have grown a great deal in the twentieth century. In the last thirty years, business contacts between Japan and the West have become very important. Many foreign companies now have offices inJapan and Japanese businessmen do business around the world.Differences between Japanese and Western ways of doing business, however, often bewilder the foreign businessman and makedoing business in Japan difficult for foreigners.The American businessman, for example , wants of start talking business immediately . He wants quick decisions. He does notwait. The Japanese, on the other hand , likes to arrive at decisions gradually after giving them a great deal of thought. Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means "Yes" or "No". This is becauseof cultural difference for a J a p a n e s e t o s a y " N o " d i r e c t l y . b r > I n E n g l i s h , i t i s e a s y t o s a y " N o " t o s o m e t h i n g w e d o n o t w a n t t o d o . B u t i n J a p a n i t i s v e r y d i f f i c u l t t o s a y " N o " . T o。

公共英语等级考试pets-5阅读理解模拟试题公共英语等级考试pets-5阅读理解模拟试题人的大脑和肢体一样，多用则灵，不用则废。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的公共英语等级考试pets-5阅读理解模拟试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!President Clinton’s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China’s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration’s goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made aremarkable number of concessions, “we’re not there yet,” according to senior officials.Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for China’s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing.BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they’ve heard so far isn’t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that “the time just isn’t right” for the deal. Translation: We’re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America’s enemies. Beijing’s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt ofMissouri, won’t help, either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won’t be easy. And Republicans-with a wink-say that they’ll eventually embrace China’s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make this much dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.[B]. On Chi na’s entry into WTO.[C]. Clinton was right.[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.2. What does the sentence “Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit” convey?[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B]. The three places overdid criticism.[C]. They wanted more protection.[D]. They are in trouble.3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China’s entry into the WTO?[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.5. It can be inferred from the passage that[A]. America will make concessions.[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China’s entry.[D]. Democratic party approve China’s entry into the WTO.Vocabulary1. drubbing 痛打get/take a drabbing 遭人痛打2. flip-flop=great change suddenly 游说，3. 突然改变，4. 突然反方向。

2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students opinions on whether university sports facilities should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C andD. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard1. A) Due to a fire alarm in their apartmentsB) Because of the smoke and heat damage.C) Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D) Because of the collapse of the three-story building.2. A) investigating the cause of the incident.B) Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C) Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D) Checking town records for the property developer.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard3. A) It plays a less important role in one’s health than nutrient intakeB) It impacts people’s health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C) It is associated with people’s mental health conditions.D) It is linked with older adults’ symptoms of depression.4. A) It was indefiniteB) It was systematic.C) It was straightforward.D) It was insignificant.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It has helped solve several murder cases.B) It has become a star police dog in Beijing.C) It has surpassed its mother in performance.D) It has done better than naturally born dogs.6. A) To speed up investigation into criminal cases.B) To test the feasibility of cloning technology.C) To cut down training expenses.D) To reduce their training time.7. A) Cloning is too complicated a process.B) The technology is yet to be accepted.C) Cloning is ethically controversial.D) The technology is too expensive. Section BDirections: In this section you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C andD . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He read it somewhere online.B) He heard about it from a coworkerC) He read an article reviewing it.D) He watched a TV series based on it.9. A) His publicationsB) His first book.C) His address.D) His name.10. A) Collect a lot more data.B) Relax a bit less often.C) Clarify many new concepts.D) Read more reference books.11. A) Find out the show’s most interesting episodes.B) Watch the series together with the woman.C) Get an e-copy of the book to read.D) Check to see when the show starts.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard12. A) To check the prices of his farm produce.B) To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.C) To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D) To seek the mans help with her work on the farm.13. A) Bakers.B) Vendors.C) Vegetarians.D) Organizers.14. A) The issuing of certificates to vendorsB) The completion of the baking task.C) The festival they are organizing.D) The deadline for application15.A) The closing date of submission C) The details of the ceremony.B) The website of his company. D) The organizer’s address.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the Centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Most scenic sites have been closed. C) Health experts advise going outdoors.B) Access to official campsites is limited. D) People have more time during the summer.17. A) It is strongly opposed by nearby residents. C) It has caused environmental concerns.B) It leads to much waste of public money. D) It has created conflicts among campers18. A) Look for open land in Scotland C) Avoid getting close to wilderness.B) Leave no trace of their camping D) Ask for permission from authorities.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They outcompete mythical creatures. C) They truly exist in the Amazon regionB) They usually mind their own business. D) They resemble alarmingly large snakes.20. A) Scar tissue from dolphins fighting. C) Unhealed wounds from snake bitesB) Skin infection from water pollution. D) Swimming along in seasonal floods.21. A) It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.B) It has been placed under international protection.C) It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphins.D) It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) About 58% of young adults call parental support the new normal.B) Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial support.C) A full 70% of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by them.D) Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support.23. A) It renders them dependent. C) It makes them mentally immature.B) It causes them to lose dignity. D) It hinders them from getting ahead24. A) It challenges ones willpower. C) It calls for due assistance.B) It results from education. D) It defines adulthood.25. A) Current lifestyles.B) Poor budgeting.C) College loans.D) Emergency expenses.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the Centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A team of researchers led by Priyanka Joshi examined the degree to which men and women relied on communicative abstraction " to verbally convey their ideas and emotions. Communicative abstraction, according to the researchers, reflects the tendency of people to use "abstract speech that focuses on the broader picture and 26 purpose of action rather than concrete speech focusing on details and the means of 27 action." Interestingly, they found that men were far more likely to speak in the abstract than were women.To arrive at this 28_, the researchers examined the linguistic （语言的) patterns of men and women in over 600, 000 blog posts written on websites. To do this, the researchers computed abstractness ratings for29 40, 000 commonly used words in the English language. Words considered to be concrete could be easily visualized, such as "table” or “chair". Words that were more _30 to visualize, for example, “ justice" or “morality" were considered to be more abstract. They found that men used 31 moreabstract languages in their blog posts.What is the_ 32_ of this effect? The researchers suggest that power differences between the genders —that is, men having more power in society—might be a key determinant (决定因素). For instance, in a follow-up study conducted with a sample of 300 students, the researchers_33 power dynamics in an interpersonal setting to see if this would influence communicative abstraction. They found that participants in a high-power interviewer role were more likely to give abstract descriptions of behaviors than were participants in a low-power interviewee role. This suggests that communicating more abstractly does not reflect a 34 tendency of men or women but rather _35 within specific contexts.Section BDirections:In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet ".How to better work towards long-term goals[A] Hal Hirschfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren’t saving for retirement. Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they’ll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the U. S. have gone down in recent decades, not up.[B] To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hirschfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits (特征)—like“honorable" or" funny"—applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other. As participants answered, Hirschfield’s team recorded which parts of their brains lit up. Unsurprisingly, people’s brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current[C] Other. But the team found that participants brain activity while considering their future selves more closely resembled their brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.[D] Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely.[E] In light of Hirschfield’s study, one simple question arises: Is it possible to make our present selves give a damn about our future selves? The answers are anything but simple.[F] Seen through the lens of the present self-versus the future self, our self-defeating actions-like choosing to watch television rather than go to the gym-suddenly make perfect sense. We get to enjoy the very concrete, immediate benefits of our actions while someone else (namely, our future selves) suffers the hypothetical (假设的)，far-off consequences. As a result, the decisions we make for our present selves often look very different from our decisions for our future selves. We believe that tomorrow will be different. We believe that we will be different tomorrow; but in doing so, we prioritize our current mood over the consequences of our inaction for the future self.[G] Understanding our procrastination (拖延) through the lens of the present and future selves, were left with three possible solutions: The first is to force your future self to do whatever your present self doesn’t want to do. The second is to convince your present self that your future self is, in fact, still you. If the central problem is that we think of our future selves as other people, it follows that trying to identify more closely with our future selves will encourage us to make better long-term decisions.[H] In a follow-up study, Hirschfield wanted to explore ways to bridge the disconnect between the present and future selves and encourage people to save more for retirement. He and his team took photos of study participants, and then used image processing to visually age their faces. Participants were then placed in a virtual reality setting where they could look into a mirror and see their aged selves looking back at them. Participants who saw their aged selves said they would save 30% more of their salary for retirement than the control group.[I] The third solution is to forget about your future self and use your present self’s love of instant Gratification(满足感)to your advantage. While the two tactics (手段)above can be effective in making better long-term choices, in the end, you’re still struggling against human nature. Our brains are hard-wired for instant gratification. Instead of fighting your present self’s need for immediate rewards, why not use it to your advantage? When most of us set goals, we focus on long-term results we want to see-e.g., losing weight, getting a promotion, retiring in comfort, etc. While those visions of our future selves can be inspiring, when it comes to actually doing the day-to-day work, it may be more effective to reframe activities in terms of their immediate, or at least very near-term, rewards.[J] Take writing this article, for instance. It’s easy for me to imagine how amazing it will feel at the end of the workday to have this article done. This isn’t just my opinion. Research partners Kaitlin Woolley of Cornell University and Ayelet Fishbach of the University of Chicago have made a career out of studying the differences between the goals that people achieve and the ones that fall to the wayside.[K] “In one study, we asked people online about the goals they set at the beginning of the year. Most people set goals to achieve delayed, long-term benefits, such as career advancement, debt repayment, or improved health. We asked these individuals how enjoyable it was to pursue their goal, as well as how important their goal was. We also asked whether they were still working on their goals two months after setting them. We found that enjoyment predicted people’s goal persistence two months after setting the goal far more than how important they rated their goal to be," Woolley said.[L] This pattern held true across a wide variety of goals from exercising to studying to eating healthier foods. For example, people ate 50% more of a healthy food when directed to focus on the good taste rather than the long-term health benefits. Other studies have shown a greater uptake of exercise in people who were told to think of the enjoyment of doing the exercise now rather than future health gains.[M] These findings suggest that when it comes to achieving your goals, enjoying the process itself is more important than wanting the long-term benefits. In other words, present self-trumps (战胜) future self. Who says instant gratification has to be a bad thing? By all means, set ambitious long-term goals for your future self, but when it comes to actually following through day-to-day, make sure your present self knows what’s in it for her too.36. Our brains are genetically determined to satisfy immediate desires.37. Taken in a practical way, saving for post-work years is like giving money away to others.38. Research found that, as regards achievement of ones goals, it is important to focus more on enjoying the process than the long-term benefits.39. Regarding our future selves as still being ourselves will help us make better long-term decisions.40. Savings rates in America have dropped in recent decades even though peoples life expectancy has increased.41. Researchers found that enjoyment rather than importance enabled people to persist in their goals.42. When making decisions, we give priority to our current frame of mind without thinking much of the consequences.43. People ate more of a healthy food when they focused on its good taste instead of its long-term benefits.44. As was expected, when people thought of their present selves, their brains were observed to become more active.45. Researchers found that participants who saw the images of their aged selves would save more for their later years than those who didn’t.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D. Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the Centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior? I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success.Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create good habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place, you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-to-day basis.The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have strong motivation. Its easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something youre passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you stick to that habit permanently.The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and adopt those that do.Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.46. What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?A) Keep it under control.B) Apply it continuously.C) Learn from entrepreneurs.D) Aim at success determinedly.47. How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?A) Out of habit.B) With determination.C) Like muscle building.D) By self-discipline.48. What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.B) Associating it with improving healthC) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.49. How does the art of self-control help us succeed?A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.C) By enabling us to take positive actions.D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.50. Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-controlB) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage (资助), church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of U. S. clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets. Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter—all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical (制药的)industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research to end up.So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.51. What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?A) Its foundationB) Its rewardsC) Its prospect.D) Its funding.52. What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?A) They have little access to government funding.B) They can do research with limited resources.C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.D) They have no means for large-scale research.53. What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?A) They would be totally unbiased.B) They would be independently funded.C) They would be responsibly conducted.D) They would be strictly supervised.54. What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.55. What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.农历（the lunar calendar）起源于数千年前的中国，根据太阳和月亮的运行规律制定。

2024年苏人新版四年级英语上册阶段测试试卷648考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五六总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共6题，共12分)1、My mother ______ long hair.A. hasB. isC. have2、— ________book is this? —It's my book.A. WhoB. WhoseC. Where3、What are they doing?A. It’s seven．yuan．B. They’re playing chess．C. Yes，I can．E. Yes，please．E. Yes，please．4、单项选择。

Darning fell _______ his bike last week．A. offB. downC. on5、A. run fastB. jump highC. jump far6、He is making dumplings．A.B.C.评卷人得分二、填空题(共6题，共12分)7、i，c，n，e____8、读一读；连线。

①How is the weather?____A. Yes, we can.②How many birds are there?____B. No, I don't.③Can we ride bikes there?____C. It's cloudy.④Is it wind y today?____D. There are four birds.⑤Do you like the rain?____E. No, it isn't.9、short （反义词）____10、I have____pens in my____11、tall（反义词）____评卷人得分三、字母(共9题，共18分)13、READbcfrieadK14、根据所给单词的小写字母圈出对应的大写字母。

全国公共英语等级考试第五级(pets5)应试指南与模拟试题Preparing for the National Public English Test (PETS) Level 5 can be a daunting task for many English learners. This exam is designed to assess a candidate's ability to communicate effectively in English, and it covers a wide range of language skills including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. In order to succeed in the exam, it is important to have a solid understanding of the test format, as well as to develop effective study strategies. One of the key aspects of preparing for the PETS Level 5 exam is familiarizing oneself with the test format and requirements. This includes understanding the types of questions that will be asked in each section of the exam, as well as the time limits for each section. By becoming familiar with the test format, candidates can feel more confident and prepared on the day of the exam, which can help to reduce test anxiety and improve performance. In addition to understanding the test format, it is also important to develop effective study strategies that will help to improve English language skills. This may include setting aside dedicated time for English study each day, practicing English language skills in a variety of contexts, and seeking out opportunities to engage in English language conversations with native speakers. By developing a comprehensive study plan, candidates can work towards improving their overall English language proficiency, which will ultimately help them to perform better on the exam. Furthermore, it is essential to practice past exam papers and mock tests in order to familiarize oneself with the types of questions that may appear on the actual exam. This can help candidates to identify areas of weakness and focus their study efforts on those particular areas. Additionally, practicing past exam papers can help to improve time management skills and build confidence in tackling the various sections of the exam. Another important aspect of preparing for the PETS Level 5 exam is seeking out additional support and resources. This may include enrolling in an English language course, hiring a private tutor, or joining a study group with other candidates. By seeking out additional support and resources, candidates can benefit from the expertise and guidance of experienced English language instructors, as well as the supportand encouragement of fellow candidates. Finally, it is crucial for candidates to maintain a positive and determined mindset throughout their exam preparation. It is natural to feel nervous or anxious about taking a high-stakes exam, but by staying positive and focused, candidates can approach the exam with confidence and determination. This positive mindset can help to alleviate test anxiety and improve overall performance on the day of the exam. In conclusion, preparing for the PETS Level 5 exam requires a combination of understanding the test format, developing effective study strategies, practicing past exam papers, seeking out additional support and resources, and maintaining a positive mindset. By taking a comprehensive and proactive approach to exam preparation, candidates can improve their English language skills and increase their chances of success on the exam. Good luck to all the candidates preparing for the PETS Level 5 exam!。

2021年PETS四级考试题库【历年真题＋章节题库＋模拟试题】目录
•第一部分历年真题
– 2015年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2013年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2012年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2011年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2010年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2009年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
– 2008年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试真题及详解
•第二部分章节题库
–第一章阅读A节（根据上下文填空）
–第二章阅读理解B节（多项选择）
–第三章阅读理解C节（补全短文、段落排序、选择标题或相关句）
–第四章阅读理解D节（划线句子翻译）
–第五章写作
•第三部分模拟试题
–全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试模拟试题及详解（一）
–全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级笔试模拟试题及详解（二）
内容简介
PETS四级考试题库包括历年真题、章节题库和模拟试题三部分。

具体如下：
第一部分为历年真题。

精选2008年至2013年及2015年笔试真题，考生既可以体验真实考试，也可以测试自己的水平。

每道真题均提供名师详细解析。

第二部分为章节题库。

遵循最新《全国英语等级PETS考试考试大纲（第四级）》，按照最新的考试题型的章目编排，共分为阅读、写作等5章。

第三部分为模拟试题。

由全国公共英语等级考试（PETS）四级考试辅导名师根据
历年命题规律及热门考点进行考前预测，其试题数量、试题难度完全仿真最新真题。

2020年9月公共英语四级阅读模拟试题2020年9月公共英语四级阅读模拟试题Hawaii's native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of thearchipelago's political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the second world war and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origins, is opposedto the idea.The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii's native peoples have fared worse than any of itsother ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of thestate's homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment andtheir life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degreeof autonomy.But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii's first native governor, Joahn Waihee, has given the natives' cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to reestablish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy within the state --as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters suchas education. This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives' interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a newnation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood.Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given upits claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.1. Hawaii's native minority refers to _________________.A. Hawaii's ethnic groupsB. people of Filipino originC. the Ka Lahui groupD. people with more than 50% Hawaiian blood2. Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives?A. Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed.B. their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans.C. Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii.D. They are the only native group without sovereignty.3. Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee?A. He is Hawaii's first native governor.B. He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee.C. He suggested the native people decide for themselves.D. He is leading the local independence movement.4. Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty?A. American Indian natives.B. Office of Hawaiian Affairs.C. The Ka Lahui group.D. The Hawaiian natives.5. Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT ____________.A. a greater autonomy within the stateB. more back rent on the crown landC. a claim on the Hawaiian crown landD. full independence from the US参考答案：CDABD。

xx年公共英语四级模拟试题及答案从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.1. ----- will you be able to finish the job this week?----- , but I'm not skilled enough, you know.A.I can't say soB.I expect soC. I'm sure soD. I don't know so2. We arrived at the station late, or we the bus.A. too much; would catchB. a little too; had caughtC. much too; would have caughtD. too much; would have caught3. Is it the watch you want ?A. to have it repairedB. to repair itC. to have repairedD. to have repaired it4. The two thieves fled the town separately, a bag.A. each carryingB. whose that watch isC. whose watch is thatD. whose watch is5. The little boy can't tell .A. whose is that watchB. whose that watch isC. whose watch is thatD. whose watch is6. If a baby bird stays for two or three weeks after leaving the nest, it has a fair chance of being an adult.A. livingB. livelyC. aliveD. live7. We will not attack we are attacked; if attacked,we will certainly counter-attack.A. ifB. whenC. unlessD. even if8. You can take seat you like.A. no matter whatB. no matter whichC. whatD. whichever9. I to speak to you all these days.A. wantedB. have wantedC. shall wantD.shall be wanting10.A burning cigarette he threw into the wastepaper basket fire to the hotel.A. madeB. setC. causedD. caught11."Do you hear someone knocking at the door?""Yes, I did. I heard him three times."A. knockingB. knockedC. being knockingD. knock12.Peter, John and Tom each .A. say they came firstB. says they came firstC. says he came firstD. say came first13.Through long power lines electricity goes .A. to the place neededB. there it is neededC. whereit is needed D. which it is needed14. from the apple tree.A. It down fellB. there it is neededC. Down fell itD. Fell it down15.The service in this restaurant is very poor; there are not enough waiters to wait customers.A. onB. forC. withD. to阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D中选出能填入相应空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.Linda was a few minutes late. Wilson 16 the office when she got there. His secretary told her he 17 back in a few minutes. She 18 sit down and wait for a few minutes inouter office."I'll never get this job," she 19 herself. For a moment she wanted to 20 the building. Just then, Wilson came 21the door and hurried into his office. A few minutes 22 his secretary took Linda in and introduced her,Linda apologized 23 . Wilson didn't seem to 24 .They chatted casually (随便地) for a few seconds and then 25 .He 26 her letter of application."You've never worked in radio or television before, 27 ? "he said. Now she was 28 that she would not get the job. Wilson asked her 29 questions.30 he seemed impressed with her other qualifications(资格).She was 31 when he asked her if she could start soon."I wonder if you'd mind 32 next month?" he asked 33 .34 seemed she had got the job 35 .16. A. had left B. has left C. was left D. would be leaving17. A. had been B. came C. was D. would be18. A. should B. had to C. would D. was able to19. A. told B. spoke C. said D. talked20. A. run out B run of C. run out of D. run away21. A. through B. across C. cross D. along22. A. latest B. last C. late D. later23. A. to being late B. for being late C. to be lateD. for the late24. A. mind B. listen C. notice D. hear25. A. took down with business B. came down to business C. settled down with business D. got downto business26. filled out B. took out C. sent out D. threw away27. A. haven't you B. do you C. have you D. don't you28. A. even more sure B. much sure C. even sure ofD. sure of29. A. a few such B. a few more C. much a fewD. more a few30. A. As her surprise B. To her surprised C. For her surprised D. To her surprise31. A. even more surprise B. even much surprise C. even more surprised D. even much surprised32. A. starting B. to start C. startD. started33. A. by a smile B. with a smile C. by smileD. with smile34. A. It B. This C. That D. He35. A. not at all B. after all C. allD. after that。

机密★启用前大学英语四级考试COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST-Band four-（模拟测试题第1套）试题册☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆敬告考生一、在答题前,请认真完成以下内容:1. 请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条、答题卡的印刷质量,如有问题及时向监考员反映, 确认无误后完成以下两点要求。

2. 请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内,并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面相应位置。

3. 请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号、姓名和学校名称,并用HB-2B 铅笔将对应准考证号的信息点涂黑。

二、在考试过程中,请注意以下内容:1. 所有题目必须在答题卡上规定位置作答,在试题册上或答题卡上非规定位置的作答一律无效。

2. 请在规定时间内在答题卡指定位置依次完成作文、听力、阅读、翻译各部分考试,作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册。

听力录音播放完毕后,请立即停止作答,监考员将立即收回答题卡1,得到监考员指令后方可继续作答。

3. 作文题内容印在试题册背面, 作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答。

4. 选择题均为单选题,错选、不选或多选将不得分,作答时必须使用HB-2B铅笔在答题卡上相应位置填涂,修改时须用橡皮擦净。

三、以下情况按违规处理:1. 未正确填写（涂）个人信息,错贴、不贴、毁损条形码粘贴条。

2. 未按规定翻阅试题册、提前阅读试题、提前或在收答题卡期间作答。

3. 未用所规定的笔作答、折叠或毁损答题卡导致无法评卷。

4. 考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机。

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A. 2 dollars. B. 100 dollars.C. 1,982 dollars.D. 60,000 dollars.2. A. The thieves stole the book with no body there.B. The thieves stole the book with the writer there.C. The thieves stole the book with employees and guards there.D. The thieves stole the book with the police there.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A. The bus skidded off the icy bridge.B. The prisoners fought against the prison staff.C. The driver drank too much.D. The brake system broke down.4. A. 8. B. 10.C. 12.D. 15.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5. A. Concerns about migrant riots.B. Concerns about migrant drowning.C. Concerns about migrant family.D. Concerns about migrant education.6. A. 28. B. 96.C. 700.D. 1,500.7. A. The Europeans are nice. C. The weather is good.B. The sea is comparatively small. D. The rescuers are well-trained.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A. It specializes in safety from leaks. C. It has a partnership with LCP.B. It is headquartered in London. D. It has a chemical processing plant.9. A. He is Mr. Grand's friend. C. He is a salesman.B. He is a safety inspector. D. He is a chemist.10. A. Director of the safety department. C. Head of the personnel department.B. Mr. Grand's personal assistant. D. The public relations officer.11. A. Wait for Mr. Grand to call back.B. Leave a message for Mr. Grand.C. Provide details of their products and services.D. Send a comprehensive description of their word.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.B. She dreamed of working and living in a European country.C. She read a lot about European musicians and their music.D. She listened to recordings of many European orchestras.13. A. She began taking violin lessons as a small child.B. She was a pupil of a famous European violinist.C. She gave her first performance with her father.D. She became a professional violinist at fifteen.14. A. When she was eight.C. When she was 15.B. When she was nine. D. When she was 16.15. A. It gave her a chance to explore the city.B. It was the chance of a lifetime.C. It was a great challenge to her.D. It helped her learn classical French music.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1witha single line through the center.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. There are mysterious stories behind his works.B. There are many misunderstandings about him.C. His works have no match worldwide.D. His personal history is little known.17. A. He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.B. He failed to go beyond grammar school.C. He was a member of the town council.D. He once worked in a well-known acting company.18. A. Writers of his time had no means to protect their works.B. Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.C. His works were adapted beyond recognition.D. People of his time had little interest in him.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. Theft. C. Air crash.B. Cheating. D. Road accidents.20. A. Learn the local customs. C. Book tickets well in advance.B. Make hotel reservations. D. Have the right documents.21. A. Contact your agent. C. Use official transport.B. Get a lift if possible. D. Have a friend meet you.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A. Cut down production cost. C. Specialise in gold ornaments.B. Sell inexpensive products. D. Refine the taste of his goods.23. A. At a national press conference.B. During a live television interview.C. During a local sales promotion campaign.D. At a meeting of top British business people.24. A. Insulted. B. Puzzled. C. Distressed. D. Discouraged.25. A. The words of some business people are just rubbish.B. He who never learns from the past is bound to fail.C. There should be a limit to one’s sense of humor.D. He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once．A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you __26__ the two to do something for your local __27__?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone, you will be able to __28__ it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.__29__, a biodegradable (生物可降解的) mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage __30__ to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other __31__ and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic __32__. British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it __33__ nitrates (硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small __34__ window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows whenthe phone is thrown away.“We’ve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant __35__ to find outSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Your Language Affects Your Wealth and Health[A] Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of YaleBusiness School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.[B] There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the future. For example, the famous marshmallow (棉花糖) studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they do not eat that marshmallow and wait for the experimenter to come back, they will get two marshmallows instead of one.Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults.[C] Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain the outcomes that are importantto us. We want to keep a slim figure but we also want that last slice of pizza. We want a comfortable retirement, but we also want to drive that dazzling car, go on that dream vacation, or get those gorgeous shoes. Some people are better at delaying gratification (满足) than others. Those people have a better chance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style. They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers, or to engage in unsafe sex.[D] Chen’s recent findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our future-oriented behavior.Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and t he future. Chen’s recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize the future is similar to theway they conceptualize the present. As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests.[E] Different languages have different ways of talking about the future. Some languages, such as English, Korean,and Russian, require their speakers to refer to the future explicitly (明确地) . Every time English-speakers talk about the future, they have to use future markers such as “will” or “going to”. In other languages, such as Mandarin, Japanese, and German, future markers are not obligatory (强制性的). The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. A Mandarin speaker wh o is going to go to a seminar might say “Wo qu ting jiangzuo,” which translates to “I go listen seminar.” Languages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant. For speakers of languages such as Mandarin future feels closer. As a consequence, resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers.[F] Chert analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. This data includes people’seconomic decisions, such as whether they saved any money last year, the languages they speak at home, demographics (人口统计资料), and cultural factors such as “saving is an important cultural value for me.”He also analyzed individual-level data on people’ s retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly, he analyzed national-level data that indicates national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics, and proportions of people speaking different languages.[G] People’s savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income, education level, age, religiousconnection, their countries’ legal systems, and their cultural values. After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on people’s savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers, such as English, makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future.This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment. Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well.[H] Similar analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such asMandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement assets, smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries’ national saving s rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking languages that does not have obligatory future markers makes national savings rates higher.[I] At a more practical level, researchers have been looking for ways to help people act in accordance with theirlong-term interests. Recently, findings suggest that making the future feel closer to the present might improve future-oriented behavior. For instance, researchers recently presented people with renderings of their future selves made using age-progression algorithms (算法) that forecast how physical appearances would change over time. One group of participants saw a digital representation of their current selves in a virtual mirror, and the other group saw an age-morphed version of their future selves. Those participants who sawthe age-morphed version of their future selves allocated more money toward a hypothetical savings account.The intervention brought people’ s future to the present and as a result they saved more for the future.[J] Chen’s research shows that language structures our future-related thoughts. Language has been used before to alter time perception with surprising effects. Ellen Langer and colleagues famously improved older people’ s physical health by simple interventions including asking them to talk about the events of twenty years ago as if it they were happening now. Talking about the past as if it were the present changed people’s mindsets and their mindsets affected their physical states. Chen’s re search points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can move the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have dramatic influences on our judgments and decisions.36. Usually, preventing ourselves from enjoying immediate pleasure impulsively is the only way to achieve the outcomes that are important to us.37. The structure of languages influences us when we are making a judgment or decision about the future.38. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers and being unemployed nearly share the same percentage of decreasing the likelihood of saving.39. According to the well-known marshmallow studies, people who can resist temptation tend to be successful in the future.40. People who speak languages like English are more likely to feel that the future events are distant.41. National savings rates of countries are influenced by language as well.42. In Chen’s recent research, people who speak languages in which the present and the future are weakly distinguished are more prepared for the future.43. Recent findings show that it is possible to improve future-oriented behavior through making the future feel closer to the present.44. Through simple interventions, Ellen Langer and colleagues made the physical health of the older people changed for the better.45. Chen made an analysis of individual-level statistics from 76 developed and developing nations.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.People’s tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop-music in the Isle of Wight, crowds of teenagers flocked to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very risky thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were innumerable thieves, a gang of roughs tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, with no money left, and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a nightmare ofdiscomfort; the fans appeared to enjoy it all enormously.Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large tracts of open un-spoilt country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they derive from contact with nature. In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the maritime counties, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic Ocean or the English Channel. Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance walker and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling disturbed by large numbers of their fellows.Yet few people make full use of the national parks established for everyone's benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in a lay-by (英国的路旁停车带). A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a portable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Apparently their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and among the country sights and sounds without having to wall a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.46. In Britain it is very risky to __________.A. go with a single railway ticketB. listen to pop-music at the festivalC. sleep in the openD. pack together in crowds47. At the end of the festival, many young fans __________.A. were arrested by the policeB. had spent most of their moneyC. were sleeping outD. became quite penniless48. Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large __________.A. tracks through the open countryB. areas of country without soilC. areas of countryside not developedD. expanses of land where nobody works49. Public pathways are created for people to __________.A. commute to workB. enjoy long-distance walkingC. wall to maritime countiesD. visit the historic or scenic sites50. Family groups nowadays like to __________.A. have meals out of doors by the road-sideB. go for a walk away from homeC. drive out past the beautiful placesD. hear and smell the animalsPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone’s satisfaction.For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else--he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so with skill and polish. “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size? It happens to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.”Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way.Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look around”. She is always open to persuasion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the look-out for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently an enjoyable one. So most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.51. When a man is buying clothes, __________.A. he chooses things that others recommendB. he buys cheap things, regardless of qualityC. he buys good things, so long as they are not too expensiveD. he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things52. In commerce a good salesman is one who __________.A. sells something a customer does not particularly wantB. always has in stock the thing the customer wantsC. can find out quickly the goods requiredD. does not waste his time on difficult customers53. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly what he wants?A. He buys something that is similar enough to the ideal one.B. He usually does not buy anything.C. At least two of his requirements must be met before he buys.D. So long as the style is right, he buys the thing.54. According to this passage, when shopping for clothes, women __________.A. often buy things without thinkingB. seldom buy cheap clothesC. welcome suggestions from anyoneD. never take any advice55. What is the most obvious difference between men and women shoppers?A. The fact that men do not try clothes on in a shop.B. Women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.C. Women stand up while shopping, but men sit down.D. The time they take over buying clothes.Part ⅣTranslation(30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.天安门广场（Tiananmen Square）位于北京市中心，是世界上最大的广场。