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详解Supervisor安装与配置（LinuxUnix进程管理⼯具）因为Supervisor是Python开发的，安装前先检查⼀下系统否安装了Python2.4以上版本。
下⾯以CentOS7，Python2.7版本环境下，介绍Supervisor的安装与配置步聚：1、安装Python包管理⼯具（）easy_install是setuptools包⾥带的⼀个命令，使⽤easy_install实际上是在调⽤setuptools来完成安装模块的⼯作,所以安装setuptools即可。
wget --no-check-certificate https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py -O - | sudo python2、安装supervisoreasy_install supervisorsupervisor安装完成后会⽣成三个执⾏程序：supervisortd、supervisorctl、echo_supervisord_conf，分别是supervisor的守护进程服务（⽤于接收进程管理命令）、客户端（⽤于和守护进程通信，发送管理进程的指令）、⽣成初始配置⽂件程序。
3、配置运⾏supervisord服务的时候，需要指定supervisor配置⽂件，如果没有显⽰指定，默认在以下⽬录查找：$CWD/supervisord.conf$CWD/etc/supervisord.conf/etc/supervisord.conf/etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf (since Supervisor 3.3.0)../etc/supervisord.conf (Relative to the executable)../supervisord.conf (Relative to the executable)$CWD表⽰运⾏supervisord程序的⽬录。
模拟联合国关键英文词汇中英文对照English-Chinese Translation of MUN Terminology1. Amendment [ə'men(d)m(ə)nt]修正案2. Badge [bædʒ]胸卡.3. Deprive [dɪ'praɪv] the right to rote 取消表决权4. Chair[tʃeə]主席......................5. Close the debate[dɪ'beɪt]结束辩论6. Director[dɪ'rektə; daɪ-]会议指导7. Delegate['delɪgət]代表8. Deputy ['depjʊtɪ]副代表9. Head [hed]Delegate ['delɪgət] 代表团团长，领队10. Faculty['fæk(ə)ltɪ]Advisor [əd'vaɪzə]代表团指导11. Delegation[delɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n] Bloc[blɒk]代表团.12. Distribution[dɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n]分发.13. Document ['dɒkjʊm(ə)nt] officer 文件分发.人员14. Drafting ['drɑːftɪŋ]committee [kə'mɪtɪ]起草委员会15. Draft [drɑːft] Resolution [rezə'luːʃ(ə)n]决议草案16. Draw[drɔː]lots[lɒts]抽签17. Elect [ɪ'lekt]by an absolute['æbsəluːt](a simple) majority[mə'dʒɒrɪtɪ]以绝对（简单）多数选出18. Emergency [ɪ'mɜːdʒ(ə)nsɪ] meeting 紧急会议19. Enjoy privileges ['prɪvlɪdʒ]享受特权20. Entry ['entrɪ]into force 开始生效21. Executive [ɪg'zekjʊtɪv; eg-] secretary['sekrɪt(ə)rɪ]执行秘书22. Exercise ['eksəsaɪz] the right of vote .行使表决权23. Expert ['ekspɜːt]专家24. Explain[ɪk'spleɪn; ek-] one’s rote 对所.投的票加以说明25. Extend[ɪk'stend; ek-] the term of office 延长任期26. Extraordinary[ɪkˈs trɔːdnri]session 特别会议27. Fill a vacancy['veɪk(ə)nsɪ]补缺28. Final ['faɪn(ə)l]report [rɪ'pɔːt]最后报告29. First ballot['bælət]第一次投票表决30. First priority[praɪ'ɒrɪtɪ]最优先项目31. Fix the timetable ['taɪmteɪb(ə)l] of the settings['sɛtɪŋ]安排各次会议的时间表32. Foot-note['fʊtnəʊt]脚注33. Gallery['gæl(ə)rɪ]旁听席34. General ['dʒen(ə)r(ə)l] committee[kə'mɪtɪ]总务.委员会35. General['dʒen(ə)r(ə)l] debate [dɪ'beɪt]一般性辩论36. Geographical[dʒɪə'græfɪk(ə)l]distribution[dɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n]按地域分配37. Give a ruling['ruːlɪŋ]作出裁定38. Give a warning['wɔːnɪŋ]警告.39. Give up one’s turn to speak in favour ['feɪvə] of 把自己的发言机会让给40. Give up the office t.o chairman['tʃeəmən]放弃主席的职务41. Go back upon a vote 重新表决.42. Governing body 执行机构43. Hand over the Chair to the Vice-chairman 让副主席担任主席..44. Have priority 有优先权45. Have the initiative 有倡议权46. Head of delegation 代表团团长47. Heading 标题48. Honorary president 名誉主席（会长）49. Host country 东道国50. I am authorized by my government 我受本国政府授权51. I ask for the floor 我请求发言52. I give the floor to 我请…（发言）53. I speak in my capacity of 我以…身份发言54. Immunities 豁免55. Implement the provisions of a Convention 实施公约的规定56. Impose a vote 行使否决权57. In a private capacity 以私人身份58. In an official capacity 以官方身份59. In an unofficial capacity 以非官方身份60. In the hands of chairman 听从主席决定61. Include in the agenda 列入议程62. Information desk 问讯处（台）63. Infringement 违反行为64. Initiate a discussion 进行讨论65. Instructions 指示、命令66. International instrument 国际文件（特指国际公约等）67. Interrupt a vote 中断表决68. Intervene in a debate 参加辩论69. Invite speakers to be brief 请发言人简明扼要些70. Invoke the chairman’s authority 请使用主席的权利71. Leave it to the decision of the majority 由多数决定72. Item on the agenda 议程项目73. Leave the matter to the chairman’s decision 把事情交由主席决定74. Legal adviser 法律顾问75. List of delegates 代表名单76. List of speakers 发言人名单77. Lobby 大厅、休息厅78. Maintain one’s candidature 保持候选资.格.79. Maintain order 维持秩序80. Make a personal statement 以个人名义发表声明.81. Memorandum 备忘录82. Merge together several amendments 把几个修正案合并起来83. Microphone 麦克风84. Minutes 会议记录85. Motion to Change the Speaking Time 动议更.改发言时间86. Motion for a Moderated Caucus 动议有主持核心商榷87. Motion for an Un-moderated Caucus 动议自由商榷88. Motion to Close Debate 动议结束辩论89. Move that a separate vote be taken 提议分开表决90. Move the closure of debate 动议结束辩论91. Negative vote 反对票92. Note 照会93. Note a statement 将一个声明载入记录94. Note a violation of the rules 指出对规则的破坏95. Object in principle 在原则上反对96. Observer 观察员97. Occupy the chair 担任主席98. Office 职务99. Official languages 正式语言100. Official meeting 正式会议101. Open a debate on procedure 开始程序问题的辩论102. Open the Speakers’List 产生发言名单103. Oppose a proposal 反对一个建议104. Original text 原文105. Overrule 驳回106. Page 意向条107. Participants 参加者108. Party to a convention 公约缔约国109. Pass a vote of censure 通过指责决议110. Permanent delegate 常人代表，常驻代表111. Placard 国家牌112. Place a statement on record 将一个声明载入纪录113. Place at the end of the agenda 列在议程末尾114. Platform 主席台115. Plenary assembly116. Plenipotentiary 全权代表117. Point of Inquiry 咨询性问题118. Point of Order 程序性问题119. Point of Personal Privilege 个人特权问题120. Position Paper .立场文件121. Postpone a vote .延期表决122. Postpone the discussion .推迟讨论123. Postpone to the next session(sitting). 延到.下一届（次）会124. Preamble 序言......................125. Preparatory committee 筹备委员会......................126. Preparatory meeting 预备会议127. President (submit) an amendment in writing 提出书面修正案128. Press gallery 新闻记者席129. Press releases 新闻稿......................130. Press-officer 新闻官......................131. Private meeting 秘密会议132. Proceed to the discussion of the articles 开始讨论条款133. Proceed to a second reading 进行二读134. Proceed to a vote .进行表决135. Programme of meetings 会议日程表136. Programme of work 工作日程137. Progress report 工作进展情况报告......................138. Protocol 议定书......................139. Provisional agenda 临时议程............................................140. Public gallery 公众旁听席......................141. Public meeting 公开会议142. Put a question to the vote 把问题付诸表决143. Put a written question 提出书面问题144. Put one’s name on the list of speakers 登记发言......................145. Questionnaire 调查表，问题单146. Raise a point of order 提出程序问题147. Raise an objection of principle 提出原则性的反对意见148. Rappotuer 主席助理，报告员149. Ratify a Convention 批准公约150. Recall the terms of the rules 忆及规则的条款151. Recommendation 建议152. Record in the minutes 列入会议记录153. Refer to existing traditions 参照现存惯例......................154. Refer to the text 参照原文......................155. Refuse an appointment 不接受责任、职务156. Refuse an office 不接受职务157. Refuse to take the initiative 拒绝带头......................158. Regional conference 规则（条例，规章）159. Remit to the appropriate committee 送交主管的委员会160. Renewal of term of office 连任161. Renounce the office of chairman 辞去主席的职务162. Report 报告......................163. Representation 代表权......................164. Representative 代表......................165. Request a legal opinion 征询法律意见......................166. Request the speaker to keep the point under discussion 请发言人不要离开主题167. Reservations 保留168. Reserve one’s right to answer at a later stage 保留以后再答复的权利169. Resolution 决议170. Resolution committee 决议委员会171. Restrict the time accorded to speakers 限制发言时间172. Resume a debate 继续辩论173. Resume a sitting 继续开会174. Resume the chairmanship 继续担任主席175. Right of vote 表决权176. Role Call 点名177. Rostrum 讲台178. Round table meeting 圆桌会议179. Rules 规则，法规180. Rules of procedure 议事规则181. Seat 座位182. Secret ballot 无记名投票183. Secretariat 秘书处184. Secretary General 秘书长185. Serve in (a Board) 在（理事会）中担任理事186. Set up a committee 设立一个委员会187. Signatory to a convention 公约签字国188. Signatory 附议国189. Sit on a committee 参加委员会为委员190. Setting the Agenda 确定议题191. Speak from one’s place 在坐席上发言192. Sponsor 起草国193. Stand adjourned 休会194. Stand for election 担任候选人195. Standing body 常设机构196. Statement 声明，发言197. Status 地位......................198. Statutes 章程......................199. Steering committee 指导委员会......................200. Sub-committee 小组委员会......................201. Sub-heading 小标题，副标题202. Submit a draft resolution 提出决议草案203. Submit to the rules governing…服从有关……的规则204. Subsidiary body 附属机构205. Substantive motion 实质行动议206. Substitute resolution 替代的决议207. Summary record 简要记录（纪要）208. Support a candidature 支持（某人）的候选资格209. Support a nomination 支持某个提名210. Suspend the rules 放弃对规则的适用211. Suspend the sitting 停止会议212. Take a decision upon a motion 对动议作出决定213. Take a stand for (against) a proposal 赞成（反对）214. Take into consideration 考虑到215. Take part in a poll 参加选举216. Take the floor 发言217. Take up the discussion 开始讨论218. Technical adviser 技术顾问219. Term of office 任期......................220. The list of speakers in closed 发言登记已截止221. The majority is obtained 获得多数......................222. The majority of members present and voting 出席并投票的成员多数223. The meeting is called to order 宣布会议开始......................224. The motion is adopted 动议获得通过......................225. The motion is rejected 动议被否决226. The requisite majority 必要的多数......................227. The result is final 结果是最后的228. To address the meeting 发言229. To be in office 在职230. To be in session 开会231. Treasurer 司库232. Treaty 条约233. Tri-partite 三方面......................234. Typewriting service pool 打字组......................235. Unanimous vote 一致同意236. Unofficial meeting 非正式会议............................................237. Valid ballot papers 有效票238. Verbatim record 逐字记录......................239. Verbatim reporters 速记人员......................240. Veto 否决241. Vice-Chairman 副主席242. Vice-Chairmanship 副主席......................243. Vice-Presidency 副会长244. Vice-President 副会长245. Vote 投票表决246. Vote by roll call 唱名表决247. Vote by show of hands 举手表决248. Vote indicator 表决指示牌......................249. Vote of thanks 大会申谢......................250. Vote on the motion as a whole 表决整个动议...................... 251. Vote without debate 不经辩论的表决......................252. Votes cast 已投的票数......................253. Waive the rules 放弃对规则的适用254. We have a quorum 我们已足法定人数255. Withdraw a proposal 撤回提案256. Withdraw one’s candidature 撤销候选人资格257. Working languages 工作人员......................258. Working paper 工作文件......................259. Yield Time to Another Delegate让渡给他国代表...................... 260. Yield Time to Questions让渡给问题261. Yield Time to Chair让渡给主席。
supervisor编译全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：【Supervisor编译】是一个非常重要的工作，它涉及到软件的管理和监控。
Supervisor本身是一个用Python编写的进程控制系统，它可以帮助用户监控和控制多个进程，并能够在进程意外退出时自动重启。
通过Supervisor的编译，我们可以更好地管理我们的进程，确保它们稳定运行。
我们需要准备编译Supervisor的环境。
在进行编译之前，我们需要确保已经安装了Python以及一些相关的依赖库，比如setuptools 等。
为了避免一些不必要的麻烦，建议先将系统更新到最新版本，以确保所有依赖库和软件都是最新的。
接着，我们需要下载Supervisor的源码文件。
可以从Supervisor 的官方网站上下载最新的源码文件，并将其解压到本地目录中。
解压后，我们可以看到一些配置文件和Python脚本，这些文件是我们编译Supervisor所需要的。
然后，我们需要运行编译的命令。
在解压后的文件夹中，找到setup.py文件，并执行以下命令：```python setup.py build```这个命令会开始编译Supervisor的源代码，并生成编译后的文件。
编译过程中可能会出现一些警告或错误，需要根据具体情况进行调试和解决。
一旦编译完成，我们可以继续执行以下命令进行安装：这个命令会将编译后的文件安装到系统中，我们就可以开始使用Supervisor了。
安装完成后，我们可以通过以下命令来启动Supervisor进程：这个命令会启动Supervisor的主进程，并根据配置文件中的设置来管理其他进程。
我们可以通过配置文件来定义需要监控的进程以及重启策略等。
Supervisor还提供了一个Web界面，方便用户查看进程状态和进行管理操作。
我们需要在系统启动时自动启动Supervisor。
可以通过编辑系统的启动脚本，将Supervisor加入到开机自启动项中，这样就能保证Supervisor在系统启动时自动运行。
supervisorctl用法supervisorctl是Supervisor的一个命令行工具，用于管理和监控各个进程。
通过supervisorctl，我们可以方便地启动、停止、重启、查看进程状态等操作。
本文将详细介绍如何使用supervisorctl，并结合实例讲解其常用命令和参数的使用。
一、安装和配置Supervisor在开始使用supervisorctl之前，首先需要安装和配置Supervisor。
Supervisor可以通过pip安装，执行以下命令：pip install supervisor安装完成后，我们需要生成supervisor的默认配置文件，执行以下命令：echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf该命令会在/etc目录下生成一个名为supervisord.conf的配置文件。
之后，我们需要编辑该配置文件，添加需要管理的进程。
以示例进程myapp为例，添加以下内容到配置文件中：[program:myapp]command=/path/to/myappdirectory=/path/to/myapp/diruser=myuserautostart=trueautorestart=trueredirect_stderr=true配置项说明：- `program:myapp`：程序名称，可以根据需要进行命名。
- `command`：需要运行的程序的命令。
- `directory`：程序所在的目录。
- `user`：运行程序的用户。
- `autostart`：表示是否在Supervisor启动时自动启动程序。
- `autorestart`：表示是否在程序退出后自动重启。
- `redirect_stderr`：表示是否将标准错误输出到重定向文件中。
配置文件编辑完成后，保存并关闭文件。
二、使用supervisorctl1. 启动Supervisor执行以下命令来启动Supervisor：supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf该命令会通过指定配置文件来启动Supervisor。
主管用英语怎么说推荐文章文莱用英语怎么说热度：上学用英语怎么说热度：景点用英语怎么说热度：犹太教用英语怎么说热度：犹太人用英语怎么说热度：主管的意思为掌管某种专门事务的职官，管家之意，那么你知道主管用英语怎么说吗?下面跟店铺一起学习主管的英语知识吧。
主管的英语说法chargedirector主管的相关短语物料主管 Materials Supervisor安全主管 Chief security officer ; Director of security ; Safety Supervisor财务主管Controller ; Finance Supervisor ; Accounting Supervisor ; Treasurer质量主管 QA Supervisor ; Quality Supervisor ; Quality Sup ; Quality Manager物流主管Logistics Supervisor ; Chief Logistics Officer ; Logistics Officer ; Logistics Executive主管护师Nurse-in-charge ; supervisor nurse ; nurse ; C&E Nurse-in-charge市场主管 Marketing Supervisor ; Marketing Executive ; sales out ; Marketing & Sales Director客户主管Relationship Supervisor ; Account Executive ; Account Supervisor营销主管Marketing Executive ; Sales Executive ; Sales Supervisor ; marketing director主管的英语例句1. The unemployed executives include former salesmanagers, directors and accountants.被解雇的管理人员包括前销售经理、主管和会计。
编译信息素材常用网址一、第一部分网址欧盟委员会http://europa.eu/index_en.htm欧洲银行监管委员会CEBS 欧洲央行ECB http://www.ecb.int/home/html/index.en.html欧洲政策研究中心http://shop.ceps.eu美国众议院/美国众议院金融服务委员会/press.shtml 美国参议院/美国财政部/美联储/纽约联邦银行/美国OCC 美国小企业管理局美国证券交易委员会SEC 美国联邦金融机构检查委员会FFIEC /纽约联邦储备银行/index.html美国社会科学研究网（Social Science Research Network）/美国彼得森国际经济研究所美国会计准则委员会美国联邦存款保险公司/英国财政部/英国金融服务局/英国央行/index.htm伦敦国际金融服务局(International Financial Services London，IFSL)：英国公平贸易署/英国银行家协会英国银行家杂志德国财政部http://www.bundesfinanzministerium.de/德国中央银行Deutsche Bundesbank http://www.bundesbank.de/index.en.php 新西兰联邦银行香港金管局.hk/hkma/chi/index.htm国际清算银行世界经济合作组织OECD /国际货币基金组织/金融稳定理事会/国际金融协会IIF 国际会计准则理事会IASB 国际存款保险协会IADI 国际证券会组织/穆迪/cust/default.asp标准普尔/惠誉二、第二部分网址英国金融时报中文版/FT中文网/华尔街日报/gb/index.asp《财富》中文网/MAS 新加坡金融监管局.sg/index.html波士顿联储银行芝加哥联储银行美国联邦存款保险公司(FDIC) 网址：美国信用合作社管理局(NCUA) 网址：美国储蓄监理署(OTS) 美国联邦金融机构检查委员会l (FFIEC) 美国国家银行信息中心(NIC) /nic美国期货交易委员会(CFTC) 英格兰银行Bank of England 网址：欧洲中央银行European Central Bank (ECB) 网址：www.ecb.int德国联邦金融监管局Federal Financial Supervisory Authority 网址：www.bafin.de瑞士联邦银行委员会Swiss Federal Bank Commission (SFBC) 网址：www.ebk.admin.ch/法兰西银行Banque de France 网址：http://www.banque-france.fr/home.htm澳大利亚审慎监管局(APRA) 网址：.au日本金融监管局Financial Service Agency 网址：http://www.fsa.go.jp/en/index.html美国银行家协会American Bankers Association (ABA) 网址：/default.htm 美国社区银行家协会America’s Community Bankers 网址：美国州银行监管者联席会Conference of the Bank Supervisors (CSBC) 网址： 美国信用合作社全国联合会（CUNA）网址：美国全国期货协会National Futures Association (NFA) 网址：英国银行家协会British Bankers Association (BBA) 网址：伦敦投资银行家协会(LIBA) 网址：国际互换与衍生金融产品协会(ISDA) 网址：债券市场协会The Bond Market Association (TBMA) 网址：期货行业协会Futures Industry Association (FIA) 网址：巴塞尔银行监管委员会Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS)网址：/bcbs/index.htm国际会计准则理事会(IASB) 网址：国际保险监管者联合会(IAIS) 网址：国际证监会组织(IOSCO) 网址：金融创新研究中心(CSFI) 网址：金融时报Financial Times 网址：彭博咨询Bloomberg 网址：标准普尔Standard & Poor’s 网址：德勤Deloitte & Touche 网址：毕马威KPMG 网址：安永Ernst & Young 网址：普华永道Pricewaterhouse Cooper韩国中央银行http://eng.bok.or.kr/eng/engMain.action。
acceptable quality 合格质量acceptance lot 验收批量aciera 钢材admixture 外加剂against slip coefficient between friction surface of high-strengthbolted connection 高强度螺栓摩擦面抗滑移系数aggregate 骨料air content 含气量air-dried timber 气干材allowable ratio of height to sectional thickness of masonry wall orcolumn 砌体墙、柱容许高厚比allowable slenderness ratio of steel member 钢构件容许长细比allowable slenderness ratio of timber compression member 受压木构件容许长细比allowable stress range of fatigue 疲劳容许应力幅allowable ultimate tensile strain of reinforcement 钢筋拉应变限值allowable value of crack width 裂缝宽度容许值allowable value of deflection of structural member 构件挠度容许值allowable value of deflection of timber bending member 受弯木构件挠度容许值allowable value of deformation of steel member 钢构件变形容许值allowable value of deformation of structural member 构件变形容许值allowable value of drift angle of earthquake resistant structure抗震结构层间位移角限值amplified coefficient of eccentricity 偏心距增大系数anchorage 锚具anchorage length of steel bar 钢筋锚固长度approval analysis during construction stage 施工阶段验算arch 拱arch with tie rod 拉捍拱arch—shaped roof truss 拱形屋架area of shear plane 剪面面积area of transformed section 换算截面面积aseismic design 建筑抗震设计assembled monolithic concrete structure 装配整体式混凝土结构automatic welding 自动焊接auxiliary steel bar 架立钢筋Bbackfilling plate 垫板balanced depth of compression zone 界限受压区高度balanced eccentricity 界限偏心距bar splice 钢筋接头bark pocket 夹皮batten plate 缀板beam 次梁bearing plane of notch 齿承压面(67)bearing plate 支承板(52)bearing stiffener 支承加劲肋(52)bent-up steel bar 弯起钢筋(35)block 砌块(43)block masonry 砌块砌体(44)block masonry structure 砌块砌体结构(41)blow hole 气孔(62)board 板材(65)bolt 螺栓(54)bolted connection (钢结构)螺栓连接(59)bolted joint (木结构)螺栓连接(69)bolted steel structure 螺栓连接钢结构(50)bonded prestressed concrete structure 有粘结预应力混凝土结构(24) bow 顺弯(71)brake member 制动构件(7)breadth of wall between windows 窗间墙宽度(46)brick masonry 砖砌体(44)brick masonry column 砖砌体柱(42)brick masonry structure 砖砌体结构(41)brick masonry wall 砖砌体墙(42)broad—leaved wood 阔叶树材(65)building structural materials 建筑结构材料(17)building structural unit 建筑结构单元(building structure 建筑结构(2built—up steel column 格构式钢柱(51bundled tube structure 成束筒结构(3burn—through 烧穿(62butt connection 对接(59butt joint 对接(70)butt weld 对接焊缝(60)Ccalculating area of compression member 受压构件计算面积(67) calculating overturning point 计算倾覆点(46)calculation of load-carrying capacity of member 构件承载能力计算(10) camber of structural member 结构构件起拱(22)cantilever beam 挑梁(42)cap of reinforced concrete column 钢筋混凝土柱帽(27)carbonation of concrete 混凝土碳化(30)cast-in—situ concrete slab column structure 现浇板柱结构cast-in—situ concrete structure 现浇混凝土结构(25)cavitation 孔洞(39)cavity wall 空斗墙(42)cement 水泥(27)cement content 水泥含量(38)cement mortar 水泥砂浆(43)characteriseic value of live load on floor or roof 楼面、屋面活荷载标准值(14) characteristi cvalue o fwindload 风荷载标准值(16)characteristic value of concrete compressive strength混凝土轴心抗压强度标准值(30)characteristic value of concrete tensile strength 混凝土轴心抗拉标准值(30) characteristic value of cubic concrete compressive strength混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值(29)characteristic value of earthquake action 地震作用标准值(16)characteristic value of horizontal crane load 吊车水平荷载标准值(15) characteristic value of masonry strength 砌体强度标准值(44)characteristic value of permanent action·永久作用标准值(14)characteristic value of snowload 雪荷载标准值(15)characteristic value of strength of steel 钢材强度标准值(55)characteristic value of strength of steel bar 钢筋强度标准值(31) characteristic value of uniformly distributed live load均布活标载标准值(14)characteristic value of variable action 可变作用标准值(14)characteristic value of vertical crane load 吊车竖向荷载标准值(15) charaeteristic value of material strength 材料强度标准值(18)checking section of log structural member·，原木构件计算截面(67)chimney 烟囱(3)circular double—layer suspended cable 圆形双层悬索(6)circular single—layer suspended cable 圆形单层悬索(6)circumferential weld 环形焊缝(60)classfication for earthquake—resistance of buildings·建筑结构抗震设防类别(9) clear height 净高(21)clincher 扒钉(?0)coefficient of equivalent bending moment of eccentrically loadedsteel memher(beam-column) 钢压弯构件等效弯矩系数(58)cold bend inspection of steelbar 冷弯试验(39)cold drawn bar 冷拉钢筋(28)cold drawn wire 冷拉钢丝(29)cold—formed thin—walled sectionsteel 冷弯薄壁型钢(53)cold-formed thin-walled steel structure·‘ 冷弯薄壁型钢结构(50)cold—rolled deformed bar 冷轧带肋钢筋(28)column bracing 柱间支撑(7)combination value of live load on floor or roof 楼面、屋面活荷载组合值(15) compaction 密实度(37)compliance control 合格控制(23)composite brick masonry member 组合砖砌体构件(42)composite floor system 组合楼盖(8)composite floor with profiled steel sheet 压型钢板楼板(8)composite mortar 混合砂浆(43)composite roof truss 组合屋架(8)compostle member 组合构件(8)compound stirrup 复合箍筋(36)compression member with large eccentricity·大偏心受压构件(32) compression member with small eccentricity·小偏心受压构件(32) compressive strength at an angle with slope of grain 斜纹承压强度(66) compressive strength perpendicular to grain 横纹承压强度(66) concentration of plastic deformation 塑性变形集中(9)conceptual earthquake—resistant design 建筑抗震概念设计(9)concrete 混凝土(17)concrete column 混凝土柱(26)concrete consistence 混凝土稠度(37)concrete floded—plate structure 混凝土折板结构(26)concrete foundation 混凝土基础(27)concrete mix ratio 混凝土配合比(38)concrete wall 混凝土墙(27)concrete-filled steel tubular member 钢管混凝土构件(8)conifer 针叶树材(65)coniferous wood 针叶树材(65)connecting plate 连接板(52)connection 连接(21)connections of steel structure 钢结构连接(59)connections of timber structure 木结构连接(68)consistency of mortar 砂浆稠度(48)constant cross—section column 等截面柱(7)construction and examination concentrated load 施工和检修集中荷载(15) continuous weld 连续焊缝(60)core area of section 截面核芯面积(33)core tube supported structure 核心筒悬挂结构(3)corrosion of steel bar 钢筋锈蚀(39)coupled wall 连肢墙(12)coupler 连接器(37)coupling wall—beam 连梁(12)coupling wall—column... 墙肢(12)coursing degree of mortar 砂浆分层度(48)cover plate 盖板(52)covered electrode 焊条(54)crack 裂缝(?0)crack resistance 抗裂度(31)crack width 裂缝宽度(31)crane girder 吊车梁(?)crane load 吊车荷载(15)creep of concrete 混凝土徐变(30)crook 横弯(71)cross beam 井字梁(6)cup 翘弯curved support 弧形支座(51)cylindrical brick arch 砖筒拱(43)Ddecay 腐朽(71)decay prevention of timber structure 木结构防腐(70)defect in timber 木材缺陷(70)deformation analysis 变形验算(10)degree of gravity vertical for structure or structural member·结构构件垂直度(40)degree of gravity vertical forwall surface 墙面垂直度(49)degree of plainness for structural memer 构件平整度(40)degree of plainness for wall surface 墙面平整度(49)depth of compression zone 受压区高度(32)depth of neutral axis 中和轴高度(32)depth of notch 齿深(67)design of building structures 建筑结构设计(8)design value of earthquake-resistant strength of materials材料抗震强度设计值(1design value of load—carrying capacity of members·构件承载能力设计值(1 designations 0f steel 钢材牌号(53designvalue of material strength 材料强度设计值(1destructive test 破损试验(40detailing reintorcement 构造配筋(35detailing requirements 构造要求(22diamonding 菱形变形(71)diaphragm 横隔板(52dimensional errors 尺寸偏差(39)distribution factor of snow pressure 屋面积雪分布系数dogspike 扒钉(70)double component concrete column 双肢柱(26)dowelled joint 销连接(69)down-stayed composite beam 下撑式组合粱(8)ductile frame 延性框架(2)dynamic design 动态设计(8)Eearthquake-resistant design 抗震设计(9：earthquake-resistant detailing requirements 抗震构造要求(22)effective area of fillet weld 角焊缝有效面积(57)effective depth of section 截面有效高度(33)effective diameter of bolt or high-strength bolt·螺栓(或高强度螺栓)有效直径(57)effective height 计算高度(21)effective length 计算长度(21)effective length of fillet weld 角焊缝有效计算长度(48)effective length of nail 钉有效长度(56)effective span 计算跨度(21)effective supporting length at end of beam 梁端有效支承长度(46)effective thickness of fillet weld 角焊缝有效厚度(48)elastic analysis scheme 弹性方案(46)elastic foundation beam 弹性地基梁(11)elastic foundation plate 弹性地基板(12)elastically supported continuous girder·弹性支座连续梁(u)elasticity modulus of materials 材料弹性模量(18)elongation rate 伸长率(15)embeded parts 预埋件(30)enhanced coefficient of local bearing strength of materials·局部抗压强度提高系数(14)entrapped air 含气量(38)equilibrium moisture content 平衡含水率(66)equivalent slenderness ratio 换算长细比(57)equivalent uniformly distributed live load·等效均布活荷载(14)etlectlve cross—section area of high-strength bolt·高强度螺栓的有效截面积(58) ettectlve cross—section area of bolt 螺栓有效截面面积(57)euler's critical load 欧拉临界力(56)euler's critical stress 欧拉临界应力(56)excessive penetration 塌陷(62)Ffiber concrete 纤维混凝仁(28)filler plate 填板门2)fillet weld 角焊缝(61)final setting time 终凝时间()finger joint 指接(69)fired common brick 烧结普通砖(43)fish eye 白点(62)fish—belly beam 角腹式梁(7)fissure 裂缝(?0)flexible connection 柔性连接(22)flexural rigidity of section 截面弯曲刚度(19)flexural stiffness of member 构件抗弯刚度(20)floor plate 楼板(6)floor system 楼盖(6)four sides(edges)supported plate 四边支承板(12)frame structure 框架结构(2)frame tube structure 单框筒结构(3)frame tube structure 框架—简体结构(2)frame with sidesway 有侧移框架(12)frame without sidesway 无侧移框架(12)frange plate 翼缘板(52)friction coefficient of masonry 砌体摩擦系数(44)full degree of mortar at bed joint 砂浆饱满度(48)function of acceptance 验收函数(23)Ggang nail plate joint 钉板连接()glue used for structural timberg 木结构用胶glued joint 胶合接头glued laminated timber 层板胶合木(¨)glued laminated timber structure 层板胶合结构‘61)grider 主梁((㈠grip 夹具grith weld 环形焊缝(6÷))groove 坡口gusset plate 节点板(52)Hhanger 吊环hanging steel bar 吊筋heartwood 心材heat tempering bar 热处理钢筋(28)height variation factor of wind pressure 风压高度变化系数(16) heliral weld 螺旋形僻缝high—strength bolt 高强度螺栓high—strength bolt with large hexagon bea 大六角头高强度螺栓high—strength bolted bearing type join 承压型高强度螺栓连接，high—strength bolted connection 高强度螺栓连接high—strength bolted friction—type joint 摩擦型高强度螺栓连接high—strength holted steel slsteel structure 高强螺栓连接钢结构hinge support 铰轴支座(51)hinged connection 铰接(21)hlngeless arch 无铰拱(12)hollow brick 空心砖(43)hollow ratio of masonry unit 块体空心率(46)honeycomb 蜂窝(39)hook 弯钩(37)hoop 箍筋(36)hot—rolled deformed bar 热轧带肋钢筋(28)hot—rolled plain bar 热轧光圆钢筋(28)hot-rolled section steel 热轧型钢(53)hunched beam 加腋梁(?)Iimpact toughness 冲击韧性(18)impermeability 抗渗性(38)inclined section 斜截面(33)inclined stirrup 斜向箍筋(36)incomplete penetration 未焊透(61)incomplete tusion 未溶合(61)incompletely filled groove 未焊满(61)indented wire 刻痕钢丝(29)influence coefficient for load—bearing capacity of compression member 受压构件承载能力影响系数(46)influence coefficient for spacial action 空间性能影响系数(46)initial control 初步控制(22)insect prevention of timber structure 木结构防虫(?o)inspection for properties of glue used in structural member结构用胶性能检验(71)inspection for properties of masnory units 块体性能检验(48) inspection for properties of mortar 砂浆性能检验(48)inspection for properties of steelbar 钢筋性能检验(39)integral prefabricated prestressed concrete slab—column structure 整体预应力板柱结构(25)intermediate stiffener 中间加劲肋(53)intermittent weld 断续焊缝(60)Jjoint of reinforcement 钢筋接头(35)Kkey joint 键连接(69)kinetic design 动态设计(8)knot 节子(木节)(70)Llaced of battened compression member 格构式钢柱(51)lacing and batten elements 缀材(缀件)(51)lacing bar 缀条(51)lamellar tearing 层状撕裂(62)lap connectlon 叠接(搭接)(59)lapped length of steel bar 钢筋搭接长度(36)large pannel concrete structure 混凝土大板结构(25)large-form cocrete structure 大模板结构(26)lateral bending 侧向弯曲(40)lateral displacement stiffness of storey 楼层侧移刚度(20)lateral displacement stiffness of structure·结构侧移刚度(20) lateral force resistant wallstructure 抗侧力墙体结构(12)leg size of fillet weld 角焊缝焊脚尺寸(57)length of shear plane 剪面长度(67)lift—slab structure 升板结构(25)light weight aggregate concrete 轻骨料混凝土(28)limit of acceptance 验收界限(23)limitimg value for local dimension of masonry structure·砌体结构局部尺寸限值(47)limiting value for sectional dimension 截面尺寸限值(47)limiting value for supporting length 支承长度限值(47)limiting value for total height of masonry structure·砌体结构总高度限值(47) linear expansion coeffcient 线膨胀系数(18)lintel 过梁(7)load bearing wall 承重墙(7)load-carrying capacity per bolt 单个普通螺栓承载能力(56)load—carrying capacity per high—strength holt 单个高强螺桂承载能力(56) load—carrying capacity per rivet 单个铆钉承载能力(55)log 原木(65)log timberstructure 原木结构(64)long term rigidity of member 构件长期刚度(32)longitude horizontal bracing 纵向水平支撑(5)longitudinal steel bar 纵向钢筋(35)longitudinal stiffener 纵向加劲肋(53)longitudinal weld 纵向焊缝(60)losses of prestress ‘预应力损失(33)lump material 块体(42)Mmain axis 强轴(56)main beam·主梁(6)major axis 强轴(56)manual welding 手工焊接(59)manufacture control 生产控制(22)map cracking 龟裂(39)masonry 砌体(17)masonry lintel 砖过梁(43)masonry member 无筋砌体构件(41)masonry units 块体(43)masonry—concrete structure 砖混结构(¨)masonry—timber structure 砖木结构(11)mechanical properties of materials·材料力学性能(17)melt—thru 烧穿(62)method of sampling 抽样方法(23)minimum strength class of masonry 砌体材料最低强度等级(47)minor axls·弱轴(56)mix ratio of mortar 砂浆配合比(48)mixing water 拌合水(27)modified coefficient for allowable ratio of height tosectionalthickness of masonry wall 砌体墙容许高厚比修正系数(47) modified coefficient of flexural strength for timber curved mem—弧形木构件抗弯强度修正系数(68)modulus of elasticity of concrete 混凝土弹性模量(30)modulus of elasticity parellel to grain 顺纹弹性模量(66)moisture content 含水率(66)moment modified factor 弯矩调幅系数monitor frame 天窗架mortar 砂浆multi—defence system of earthquake—resistant building·多道设防抗震建筑multi—tube supported suspended structure 多筒悬挂结构Nnailed joint 钉连接，net height 净高lnet span 净跨度net water／cementratio 净水灰比non-destructive inspection of weld 焊缝无损检验non-destructive test 非破损检验non-load—bearingwall 非承重墙non—uniform cross—section beam 变截面粱non—uniformly distributed strain coefficient of longitudinal tensile reinforcement 纵向受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数normal concrete 普通混凝土normal section 正截面notch and tooth joint 齿连接number of sampling 抽样数量Oobligue section 斜截面oblique—angle fillet weld 斜角角焊缝one—way reinforced(or prestressed)concrete slab‘‘ 单向板open web roof truss 空腹屋架，ordinary concrete 普通混凝土(28)ordinary steel bar 普通钢筋(29)orthogonal fillet weld 直角角焊缝(61)outstanding width of flange 翼缘板外伸宽度(57)outstanding width of stiffener 加劲肋外伸宽度(57)over-all stability reduction coefficient of steel beam·钢梁整体稳定系数(58)overlap 焊瘤(62)overturning or slip resistance analysis 抗倾覆、滑移验算(10)Ppadding plate 垫板(52)partial penetrated butt weld 不焊透对接焊缝(61)partition 非承重墙(7)penetrated butt weld 透焊对接焊缝(60)percentage of reinforcement 配筋率(34)perforated brick 多孔砖(43)pilastered wall 带壁柱墙(42)pit·凹坑(62)pith 髓心(?o)plain concrete structure 素混凝土结构(24)plane hypothesis 平截面假定(32)plane structure 平面结构(11)plane trussed lattice grids 平面桁架系网架(5)plank 板材(65)plastic adaption coefficient of cross—section 截面塑性发展系数(58)plastic design of steel structure 钢结构塑性设计(56)plastic hinge·塑性铰(13)plastlcity coefficient of reinforced concrete member in tensile zone受拉区混凝土塑性影响系数(34)plate—like space frame 干板型网架(5)plate—like space truss 平板型网架(5)plug weld 塞焊缝(60)plywood 胶合板(65)plywood structure 胶合板结构(64)pockmark 麻面(39)polygonal top-chord roof truss 多边形屋架(4)post—tensioned prestressed concrete structure 后张法预应力混凝土结构(24) precast reinforced concrete member 预制混凝土构件(26)prefabricated concrete structure 装配式混凝土结构(25)presetting time 初凝时间(38)prestressed concrete structure 预应力混凝土结构(24)prestressed steel structure 预应力钢结构(50)prestressed tendon 预应力筋<29)pre—tensioned prestressed concrete structure·先张法预应力混凝土结构(24) primary control 初步控制(22)production control 生产控制(22)properties of fresh concrete 可塑混凝土性能(37)properties of hardened concrete 硬化混凝土性能(38)property of building structural materials 建筑结构材料性能(17)purlin“—””—檩条(4)Qqlue timber structurer 胶合木结构(㈠)quality grade of structural timber 木材质量等级(?0)quality grade of weld 焊缝质量级别(61)quality inspection of bolted connection 螺栓连接质量检验(63)quality inspection of masonry 砌体质量检验(48)quality inspection of riveted connection 铆钉连接质量检验(63) quasi—permanent value of live load on floor or roof，楼面、屋面活荷载准永久值(15)Rradial check 辐裂(70)ratio of axial compressive force to axial compressive ultimate capacity of section 轴压比(35)ratio of height to sectional thickness of wall or column砌体墙柱高、厚比(48)ratio of reinforcement 配筋率(34)ratio of shear span to effective depth of section 剪跨比(35) redistribution of internal force 内力重分布(13)reducing coefficient of compressive strength in sloping grain for bolted connection 螺栓连接斜纹承压强度降低系数(68)reducing coefficient of liveload 活荷载折减系数(14)reducing coefficient of shearing strength for notch and tooth connection 齿连接抗剪强度降低系数(68)regular earthquake—resistant building 规则抗震建筑(9) reinforced concrete deep beam 混凝土深梁(26)reinforced concrete slender beam 混凝土浅梁(26)reinforced concrete structure 钢筋混凝土结构(24)reinforced masonry structure 配筋砌体结构(41)reinforcement ratio 配筋率(34)reinforcement ratio per unit volume 体积配筋率(35)relaxation of prestressed tendon 预应筋松弛(31) representative value of gravity load 重力荷载代表值(17) resistance to abrasion 耐磨性(38)resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性(39)resistance to water penetration·抗渗性(38)reveal of reinforcement 露筋(39)right—angle filletweld 直角角焊缝(61)rigid analysis scheme 刚性方案(45)rigid connection 刚接(21)rigid transverse wall 刚性横墙(42)rigid zone 刚域(13)rigid-elastic analysis scheme 刚弹性方案(45)rigidity of section 截面刚度(19)rigidly supported continous girder 刚性支座连续梁(11)ring beam 圈梁(42)rivet 铆钉(55)riveted connecction 铆钉连接(60)riveted steel beam 铆接钢梁(52)riveted steel girder 铆接钢梁(52)riveted steel structure 铆接钢结构(50)rolle rsupport 滚轴支座(51)rolled steel beam 轧制型钢梁(51)roof board 屋面板(3)roof bracing system 屋架支撑系统(4)roof girder 屋面梁(4)roof plate 屋面板(3)roof slab 屋面板(3)roof system 屋盖(3)roof truss 屋架(4)rot 腐朽(71)round wire 光圆钢丝(29)Ssafety classes of building structures 建筑结构安全等级(9) safetybolt 保险螺栓(69)sapwood 边材(65)sawn lumber+A610 方木(65)sawn timber structure 方木结构(64)saw-tooth joint failure 齿缝破坏(45)scarf joint 斜搭接(70)seamless steel pipe 无缝钢管(54)seamless steel tube 无缝钢管(54)second moment of area of tranformed section 换算截面惯性矩(34) second order effect due to displacement 挠曲二阶效应(13) secondary axis 弱轴(56)secondary beam 次粱(6)section modulus of transformed section 换算截面模量(34) section steel 型钢(53)semi-automatic welding 半自动焊接(59)separated steel column 分离式钢柱(51)setting time 凝结时间(38)shake 环裂(70)shaped steel 型钢(53)shapefactorofwindload 风荷载体型系数(16)shear plane 剪面(67)shearing rigidity of section 截面剪变刚度(19)shearing stiffness of member 构件抗剪刚度(20)short stiffener 短加劲肋(53)short term rigidity of member 构件短期刚度(31)shrinkage 干缩(71)shrinkage of concrete 混凝干收缩(30)silos 贮仓(3)skylight truss 天窗架(4)slab 楼板(6)slab—column structure 板柱结构(2)slag inclusion 夹渣(61)sloping grain ‘斜纹(70)slump 坍落度(37)snow reference pressure 基本雪压(16)solid—web steel column 实腹式钢柱(space structure 空间结构(11)space suspended cable 悬索(5)spacing of bars 钢筋间距(33)spacing of rigid transverse wall 刚性横墙间距(46)spacing of stirrup legs 箍筋肢距(33)spacing of stirrups 箍筋间距(33)specified concrete 特种混凝上(28)spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋(36)spiral weld 螺旋形焊缝(60)split ringjoint 裂环连接(69)square pyramid space grids 四角锥体网架(5)stability calculation 稳定计算(10)stability reduction coefficient of axially loaded compression轴心受压构件稳定系数<13)stair 楼梯(8)static analysis scheme of building 房屋静力汁算方案(45)static design 房屋静力汁算方案(45)statically determinate structure 静定结构(11)statically indeterminate structure 超静定结构(11)sted 钢材(17)steel bar 钢筋(28)steel column component 钢柱分肢(51)steel columnbase 钢柱脚(51)steel fiber reinforced concrete structure·钢纤维混凝土结构(26)steel hanger 吊筋(37)steel mesh reinforced brick masonry member 方格网配筋砖砌体构件(41) steel pipe 钢管(54)steel plate 钢板(53)steel plateelement 钢板件(52)steel strip 钢带(53)steel support 钢支座(51)steel tie 拉结钢筋(36)steel tie bar for masonry 砌体拉结钢筋(47)steel tube 钢管(54)steel tubular structure 钢管结构(50)steel wire 钢丝(28)stepped column 阶形柱(7)stiffener 加劲肋(52)stiffness of structural member 构件刚度(19)stiffness of transverse wall 横墙刚度(45)stirrup 箍筋(36)stone 石材(44)stone masonry 石砌体(44)stone masonry structure 石砌体结构(41)storev height 层高(21)straight—line joint failure 通缝破坏(45)straightness of structural member 构件乎直度(71)strand 钢绞线(2，)strength classes of masonry units 块体强度等级(44)strength classes of mortar 砂浆强度等级(44)strength classes of structural steel 钢材强度等级(55)strength classes of structural timber 木材强度等级(66)strength classes(grades) of concrete 混凝土强度等级(29)strength classes(grades) of prestressed tendon 预应力筋强度等级(30) strength classes(grades) of steel bar 普通钢筋强度等级(30)strength of structural timber parallel to grain 木材顺纹强度(66) strongaxis 强轴(56)structural system composed of bar ”杆系结构(11)structural system composed of plate 板系结构(12)structural wall 结构墙(7)superposed reinforced concrete flexural member 叠合式混凝土受弯构件(26) suspended crossed cable net 双向正交索网结构(6)suspended structure 悬挂结构(3)swirl grain 涡纹(?1)Ttensile(compressive) rigidity of section 截面拉伸(压缩)刚度(19)tensile(compressive) stiffness of member 构件抗拉(抗压)刚度(20)tensile(ultimate) strength of steel 钢材(钢筋)抗拉(极限)强度(18)test for properties of concrete structural members 构件性能检验(40)：thickness of concrete cover 混凝土保护层厚度(33)thickness of mortarat bed joint 水平灰缝厚度(49)thin shell 薄壳(6)three hinged arch 三铰拱(n)tie bar 拉结钢筋(36)tie beam，‘ 系梁(22)tie tod 系杆(5)tied framework 绑扎骨架(35)timber 木材(17)timber roof truss 木屋架(64)tor-shear type high-strength bolt 扭剪型高强度螺栓(54)torsional rigidity of section 截面扭转刚度(19)torsional stiffness of member 构件抗扭刚度(20)total breadth of structure 结构总宽度(21)total height of structure 结构总高度(21)total length of structure 结构总长度(21)transmission length of prestress 预应力传递长度(36)transverse horizontal bracing 横向水平支撑(4)transverse stiffener·横向加劲肋(53)transverse weld 横向焊缝(60)transversely distributed steelbar 横向分布钢筋(36)trapezoid roof truss 梯形屋架(4)triangular pyramid space grids 三角锥体网架(5)triangular roof truss 三角形屋架(4)trussed arch 椽架(64)trussed rafter 桁架拱(5)tube in tube structure 筒中筒结构(3)tube structure 简体结构(2)twist 扭弯(71)two hinged arch 双铰拱(11)two sides(edges) supported plate 两边支承板(12)two—way reinforced (or prestressed) concrete slab 混凝土双向板(27) Uultimate compressive strain of concrete’” 混凝土极限压应变(31) unbonded prestressed concrete structure 无粘结预应力混凝土结构(25) undercut 咬边(62)uniform cross—section beam 等截面粱(6)unseasoned timber 湿材(65)upper flexible and lower rigid complex multistorey building·上柔下刚多层房屋(45)upper rigid lower flexible complex multistorey building·上刚下柔多层房屋(45)Vvalue of decompression prestress 预应力筋消压预应力值(33)value of effective prestress 预应筋有效预应力值(33)verification of serviceability limit states· ” 正常使用极限状态验证(10) verification of ultimate limit states 承载能极限状态验证(10)vertical bracing 竖向支撑(5)vierendal roof truss 空腹屋架(4)visual examination of structural member 构件外观检查(39)visual examination of structural steel member 钢构件外观检查(63) visual examination of weld 焊缝外观检查(62)Wwall beam 墙梁(42)wall frame 壁式框架(门)wall—slab structure 墙板结构(2)warping 翘曲(40)，(71)warping rigidity of section 截面翘曲刚度(19)water retentivity of mortar 砂浆保水性(48)water tower 水塔(3)water／cement ratio·水灰比(3g)weak axis·弱轴(56)weak region of earthquake—resistant building 抗震建筑薄弱部位(9) web plate 腹板(52)weld 焊缝(6[))weld crack 焊接裂纹(62)weld defects 焊接缺陷(61)weld roof 焊根(61)weld toe 焊趾(61)weldability of steel bar 钢筋可焊性(39)welded framework 焊接骨架()welded steel beam 焊接钢梁(welded steel girder 焊接钢梁(52)welded steel pipe 焊接钢管(54)welded steel strueture 焊接钢结构(50)welding connection·焊缝连接(59)welding flux 焊剂(54)welding rod 焊条(54)welding wire 焊丝(54)wind fluttering factor 风振系数(16)wind reference pressure 基本风压(16)wind—resistant column 抗风柱(?)wood roof decking 屋面木基层(64)Yyield strength (yield point) of steel 钢材(钢筋)屈服强度(屈服点)建筑build; architecture; construct; architectural; architectural & industrial ceramics建筑安装工程量construction work quantity建筑板材building board建筑材料表list of building materials建筑材料检验building material testing建筑材料行building material dealer建筑材料运输列车construction train建筑草图architectural sketch建筑朝向building orientation建筑成本预算construction cost estimate建筑承包商building contractor建筑尺度architectural scale建筑处理architectural treatment建筑创作architectural creation建筑大五金architectural metalwork建筑大样architectural detail建筑单元building unit建筑费construction cost建筑风格architectural style建筑辅助系统building subsystem建筑钢construction(al) steel建筑钢板building sheet建筑高度building height; height of building建筑高度分区building height zoning; height zoning建筑工程升降机builder's lift建筑工地选择siting建筑工羊角锤头builder's claw hammer head建筑工业building industry; construction industry建筑工种building trades建筑构思architectural conception建筑构图compostion on architecture; architectural composition 建筑构造building construction建筑估价building cost estimate建筑管理architectural control建筑规程building regulations建筑规范building code建筑机械construction machinery; building machinery建筑及维护规则recommendation建筑结构building structure建筑结构分析语言structural engineering system solver (STRESS) 建筑立面elevation of building; building elevation建筑沥青bitumen for building; building asphalt No. 10建筑力学architectural mechanics建筑铝型材生产线architectural aluminium profile production line 建筑毛面积gross floor area建筑毛造价gross building cost建筑面积area of structure; covered area建筑面积比floor-area ratio (F.A.R.)建筑面积指标floor-space index (F.S.I.)建筑模数building module建筑配景entourage of building建筑平面architectural plane; building plane建筑起重机building crane; construction-site crane建筑砌块building block建筑气候分区climate region of building建筑青铜architectural bronze建筑青铜合金architectural bronze建筑声学architectural acoustics建筑石paring stone建筑石料building stone建筑时期观念construction period concept建筑史architectural history; history of architecture建筑收进线building setback line建筑陶板architectural terra-cotta (ATC)建筑陶瓷architectural pottery建筑特色architectural feature建筑体积architectural volume; cubage建筑体积计算cubing建筑体系building system建筑体形building size建筑透视architectural perspective建筑外壳building shell建筑外形architectural appearance建筑物building; structure建筑物保险building insurance建筑物朝向direction of building建筑物基础building foundation建筑物间距distance between buildings建筑物理architectural physics; building physics建筑物缺隐building deficiency建筑物入口building entrance建筑物租约building lease建筑现场construction建筑限制building restriction建筑限制线building restiction line建筑效果architectural effect建筑型钢轧机机座structural stand建筑型式type of construction; architectural form建筑遗产architectural heritage建筑艺术architectural art建筑艺术处理artistic treatment in architecture; architectural treatment建筑艺术形式artistic form of architecture建筑用地building lot; building site; lot建筑用地规划plot planning; block planning建筑用钢铁constructional iron建筑用黄铜architectural brass建筑用木材building timber建筑用提升机service-building elevator建筑原理architectonics; architectural principle建筑造型艺术art of architectural modelling建筑占地系数coefficient of land used for buildings。
Supervisor（进程管理利器）使⽤说明-运维笔记⼀、Supervisor简单介绍supervisor是⼀个 Client/Server模式的系统，允许⽤户在类unix操作系统上监视和控制多个进程，或者可以说是多个程序。
supervisor与launchd，daemontools，runit等程序有着相同的功能，与其中某些程序不同的是，它并不作为“id 为 1的进程”⽽替代init。
相反，它⽤于控制应⽤程序，像启动其它程序⼀样，通俗理解就是，把Supervisor服务管理的进程程序，它们作为supervisor的⼦进程来运⾏，⽽supervisor是⽗进程。
supervisor来监控管理⼦进程的启动关闭和异常退出后的⾃动启动。
⾄于为什么要⽤supervisor来管理进程，是因为相对于linux传统的进程管理(即系统⾃带的init 进程管理)⽅式来说，它有很多的优势：1) 简单⽅便通常管理linux进程的时候，⼀般来说都需要⾃⼰编写⼀个能够实现进程start/stop/restart/reload功能的脚本，然后丢到/etc/init.d/下⾯。
其实这么做有很多不好的地⽅:a) 编写这个脚本，耗时耗⼒。
b) 当这个进程挂掉的时候，linux不会⾃动重启它的，想要⾃动重启的话，还要⾃⼰另外写⼀个监控重启脚本。
supervisor则可以完美的解决上⾯这那两个问题! 那么supervisor怎么解决呢?a) supervisor管理进程，就是通过fork/exec的⽅式把这些被管理的进程，当作supervisor的⼦进程来启动。
这样的话，只要在supervisor的配置⽂件中，把要管理的进程的可执⾏⽂件的路径写进去就OK了。
这样就省下了⾃⼰写脚本管理linux进程的⿇烦了。
b) 被管理进程作为supervisor的⼦进程，当⼦进程挂掉的时候，⽗进程可以准确获取⼦进程挂掉的信息的，所以也就可以对挂掉的⼦进程进⾏⾃动重启了, ⾄于重启还是不重启，也要看配置⽂件⾥⾯有没有设置autostart=true。
Supervisor使⽤详解supervisor配置⽂件; Sample supervisor config file.[unix_http_server]file=/var/run/supervisor/supervisor.sock ; socket 路径;chmod=0700 ; socket ⽂件的权限;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket 所属⽤户及组;username=user ; ⽤户名;password=123 ; 密码;[inet_http_server] ; 是否启⽤服务，默认是关闭的（启⽤的话可以看到supervisor 管理的服务状态）;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; 监听的IP及端⼝;username=user ; ⽤户名;password=123 ; 密码[supervisord] ; supervisord 全局配置logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; supervisor ⽇志路径logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; 单个⽇志⽂件最⼤数logfile_backups=10 ; 保留多少个⽇志⽂件（默认10个）loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace)pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; pid ⽂件路径nodaemon=false ; 启动是否丢到前台，设置为false ，表⽰以daemon 的⽅式启动minfds=1024 ; 最⼩⽂件打开数，对应系统limit.conf 中的nofile ,默认最⼩为1024，最⼤为4096minprocs=200 ; 最⼩的进程打开数，对应系统的limit.conf 中的nproc,默认为200;umask=022 ; (process file creation umask;default 022);user=chrism ; 启动supervisord 服务的⽤户，默认为root;identifier=supervisor ; (supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor');directory=/tmp ; 这⾥的⽬录指的是服务的⼯作⽬录;nocleanup=true ; (don't clean up tempfiles at start;default false);childlogdir=/tmp ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP);environment=KEY=value ; (key value pairs to add to environment);strip_ansi=false ; (strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false); the below section must remain in the config file for RPC; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be; added by defining them in separate rpcinterface: sections[rpcinterface:supervisor]supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface[supervisorctl]serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set;password=123 ; should be same as http_password if set;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor");history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available; The below sample program section shows all possible program subsection values,; create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under; supervisor.;[program:theprogramname] ; 定义⼀个守护进程，⽐如下⾯的elasticsearch;command=/bin/cat ; 启动程序使⽤的命令，可以是绝对路径或者相对路径;process_name=%(program_name)s ; ⼀个python字符串表达式，⽤来表⽰supervisor进程启动的这个的名称，默认值是%(program_name)s;numprocs=1 ; Supervisor启动这个程序的多个实例，如果numprocs>1，则process_name的表达式必须包含%(process_num)s，默认是1;directory=/tmp ; supervisord在⽣成⼦进程的时候会切换到该⽬录;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None);priority=999 ; 权重，可以控制程序启动和关闭时的顺序，权重越低：越早启动，越晚关闭。
