西南交通大学研究生科技英语翻译期末复习题.doc

1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoesto rise above the water.这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。

After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it.澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not.虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。

成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。

失败者则不然。

Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。

科技英语翻译复习重点（英译汉篇）一、词语意思翻译1.A fastener is a hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together.（直译法）紧固件是指将两个或多个物体通过机械方法固定在一起的硬件装置。

2.Machinery design is either to formulate an engineering plan for the satisfaction ofa specified need or to solve an engineering problem.（直译法）机械设计的目的是为满足特定需求而绘制工程图纸或解决工程问题。

3.In the1970s,integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors futher decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers.（增词法）20世纪70年代，集成电路技术的发展和后续的微处理器的发明进一步缩小了计算机的尺寸，降低了价格，同时加快了运行速度，提高了可靠性。

4.A power reactor has no need of oil,for the heat generated in the uranium pile is the result of nuclear fission,not of combustion.（增词法）原子动力反应堆不需要油，因为铀堆中所产生的热是核裂变的结果，而不是燃烧的结果。

5.The elementary mechanical components of a machine are termed machine elements.These elements consist of three basic types:structural components, mechanisms,and control components.（省略法）机器的基本机械构件称为机械零件，包括三种基本类型，即：结构构件、机械构件和控制构件。

1、本文开发了一种XX装置，可大大提高YY系统的稳定性与抗干扰能力。

This paper developed a device of XX,which could greatly enhance the stability and anti-jamming ability of YY system2、从实验结果可以看出，当X值升高的时候，Y值也将随之升高，而Z值却呈下降趋势。

至于W值的少许波动，作者认为可能是环境温度造成的结果。

如果溶液浓度或电流密度能控制的话，这种现象就会得到缓减甚至消除。

It can be seen from the experimental results that when XX increases,YYwill also increase and (however,)ZZ shows a decreasing tendency ,As for the slight fluctuation of WW, the author thanks(accordiing to author’s opinion)it may be caused by…(result from…) If the solution concentration or current density could be controlled stable,this phenomenon may acquire alleviation even elimination ,on this problem XX et al have explained in a scientific report about.3、实验结果表明，该装置的各项有关参数均符合国家工业标准，而且耐候性能大大优于进口同类产品，填补了我国在该领域的空白，也为进一步开发高性能高压电器（high-voltage apparatus）打下了良好的基础。

科技英语翻译联系200句transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy.传送电磁波需要能量control will do most of things in pest control.化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。

is not until wires are connected that the path is completed.直到导线接上以后，此电路才接通。

odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing.对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。

design is of an art rather than an exact science.与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。

rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.发现迅速减少到（了）1/7。

and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all,so they cannot see colors.凡是夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视维细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。

is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes.海啸有时威力很大，足可摧毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物。

everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved.并非每个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能免于坍塌。

1答案请写在答题纸上。

Part one: Sentence Translation(30%)1.为此，必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。

2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。

3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。

4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用，所以对它的研究极为重要。

5.有迹象表明，计算机的价格将进一步下跌。

6.这个方法的确管用，不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。

7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。

8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术，它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。

9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作，必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压(voltage)。

10.代表磁场(magnetic field)的磁力线(magnetic line of force)是一些围绕该导线的同心圆(concentric circle)。

11.我们所谓的机器人(robot)实际上是能为人类做工的一种工具。

12.这类天线(antenna)和那类天线相比的优点是结构简单，效率高。

13.半导体(semiconductor)对光和热都很敏感(sensitive)，这两者都对导电率(conductivity)影响很大。

14.只有通过对系统性能进行研究我们才能了解其优缺点。

15.本书既讲了实际的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论问题，而重点放在一般概念上。

Part two: Mistakes Correction(30%)(Write down the corrected sentence on the answer sheet. )1. We are easy to determine the effect of new drug to patient.2. The direction of an electric current was decided before electrons were not discovered.3. Sound travel much less faster than light is.4. The price for this instrument is expensive.5. There are a few exceptions for this rule.6. The hotter the body will be, the more it radiates energy.7. The feature of this device is small in size and light in weight.8. That professor is very interesting in this topic.9. Our semiconductor industry comes into being at the end of 1950s.10. The both engineers are busy to design a type of new computer.11. Work equals to force multiplying distance.12. The new design instrument is in good quality.13. The ability for some elements to give off radiations is referred as theradioactivity.Part three:Read this article, translate the underlined sentences(15%), answer the questions (15%)and then summarize this article within 100 words (10%).The Dazzle of Lasers(激光)The acronym（首字母缩写词）"laser," describes how the device works: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. In 1916 Einstein predicted that electrons(电子) in an atom could be deliberately stimulated to emit photons（光子） (light energy) of a certain wavelength. He was right. The laser must first be "pumped" with energy in a variety of ways so that the electrons are excited into higher energy states. But these high energy electrons are unstable--and fall back to a lower energy level. On the way down, their extra energy is released（释放）as light. That light is captured inside the laser and amplified by bouncing it back and forth between mirrors. The laser beam that emerges is amplified, monochromatic （单色的）, coherent light --and it shines with an unearthly power.Not until 1960 did Theodore Maiman, a 33-year-old engineer at Hughes Research Laboratories, build a homely four-inch cylinder containing a ruby rod encircled by a flash tube: the world's first working laser.More than two decades later, the laser has wrought a technological revolution. Lasers are an indispensable tool for delicate eye surgery, and doctors are using lasers experimentally to destroy cancerous tumors(肿瘤), unclog（使畅通） diseased arteries （动脉） and even treat herpes（疱疹）. Just as they provide new tools for health care, however, they also make possible new engines of destruction: recently Dr. Edward Teller, the father of the hydrogen bomb（氢弹）, called on President Reagon to urge that the United States build a space-based laser-weapon system that would use a nuclear bomb to fire brutally intense laser X-rays against enemy missiles in flight.Today pilots flying the new Boeing 767 and 757 aircraft navigate with the aid of new laser gyroscopes（陀螺仪）. Supermarket clerks use lasers to ring up prices at the checkout counter by "reading" universal bar-codes（条形码） printed on packages and canned goods. Powerful lasers cut and weld（焊） steel in factories from Detroit to Tokyo. Artists and filmmakers are beginning to use lasers for animation（动画）: at Lucasfilm, George Lucas has a team of computer wizards（奇才） developing a machinethat uses a computer-driven laser to draw animated images on film; a second film, with human actors, is then merged by laser with the graphics into a single seamless （无缝的） whole.How does the laser work? Anyone who has ever focused sunlight through a magnifying glass and watched paper or dry leaves snap into flames understands the power of concentrated light. Laser light is intense, concentrated light, too, but it works on a different principle. Shine sunlight through a prism（棱镜） and it breaks into the glorious colors of the rainbow. In the scientists' vocabulary, sunlight is "incoherent" --it is made up of a mix of wavelengths spanning the spectrum（光谱）from infrared（红外线） to ultraviolet（紫外线）. Laser light, on the other hand, is monochromatic and coherent－it shines at a single wavelength, and all the light waves march together in step like soldiers on parade（游行）.In the two decades since its invention, the laser has undergone a dramatic transformation: a wide variety of gas, solid-state, diode（二极管） and other lasers has been created. Each shines at a different wavelength; some pulse on and off, others operate continuously.When the laser moved out of the laboratory, one of its first and most significant applications was as a medical tool. Lasers are commonly used for delicate surgery inside the eye. In treating blood-vessel disorders resulting from complications(并发症) of diabetes（糖尿病）, doctors aim a fine beam of argon laser light（氩激光） through the pupil（瞳孔） of the eye and place up to 2000 tiny laser burns very closely around the back portion of the retina（视网膜）. These laser "welds" prevent harmful growth or rupture（断裂） of new, unwanted blood vessels.The very properties that make lasers dangerous --power and heat--are also being put to use to destroy some kinds of brain and spinal（脊髓的） tumors. Lasers have brought a new frontier to neurosurgery（神经外科）. They have made some inoperable tumors operable and high-risk tumors less high risk.Warfare is also changing as laser technology advances. Laser guidance systems have brought once unimaginable accuracy to artillery（炮）. In the near future, higher-intensity lasers may be used to blind the electronic sensory systems of aircraft, missiles, tanks and ships. And ultimately, some visionaries insists, the globe could be surrounded by a platoon（排） of orbiting battle stations armed with lasers capable of destroying planes and missiles within seconds of their beinglaunched.Just as they are opening new doors to medicine and military practices, lasers are also having a profound impact on communications. Instead of sunbeams, today's light-wave communication systems use laser light ricocheting through tiny glass fibers. Lasers generate light waves at extraordinarily high frequencies--in the range of trillions of cycles per second --which makes it possible to transmit enormous quantities of information. In addition, fiber-optic cables are cheaper than copper wire and are not subject to electromagnetic interference, or the annoying cross talk（串话） and static that plague（折磨） current systems. The big breakthrough was the semiconductor laser.Someday laser light may be piped through giant optic cables into deep ocean waters to create undersea farms; it may be beamed into space to talk to orbiting space stations. Lasers also may be used to fire extremely precise light pulses at DNA molecules, altering the structure of chromosomes（染色体） and thereby repairing defective genes --or even creating new forms of life. And eventually billions of lasers will link the world in a vast information network, a global village of light.1.How does the laser work?2.What is the difference between sunlight and the laser?3.Is the laser absolutely safe? If not, please explain.4.What are the advantages of the semiconductor laser in the communications field?5.In what fields is the laser applied?Part one:1.For this purpose, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the fundamentals of thecircuit.2.This coefficient remains to be determined.3.None of the textbook available mentions this point.4.Since feedback plays an important role in the electronic circuit, its study is very important.5.There is an indication that the price of computers will fall further.6.This method does work, but it is not clear in what condition it is that it should be used.7.The output of this factory 10 years ago is 6 times what it is now.8. A new technology introduced in the 1960s, laser can pierce very hard substances.9.For the transistor to work normally, it is necessary to apply a proper voltage across theelectrode.10.The magnetic lines of force representing the magnetic field are some concentric circlessurrounding the wire.11.What is called a robot is a tool which can do work for the human being.12.This type of antenna has the advantages over that one of simple structure and high efficiency.13.Semiconductors are sensitive to light and hear, both of which have a great impact onconductivity.14.Only through a study of the system’s performance is it possible to know its advantages anddisadvantages.15.This book discusses both practical design method and theoretical problems with emphasis onthe basic concept.Part two:1.It is easy to determine the effect of the new drug on the patient.2.The direction of the electric current had been decided before electrons were discovered.3.Sound travels much more slowly that light does.4.This instrument is expensive.5.There are a few exceptions to this rule.6.The hotter the body is, the more energy it radiates.7.This device is small and light.8.That professor is much interested in this topic.9.Our semiconductor industry came into being at the end of the 1950s.10.Both the engineers are busy designing a new type of computer.11.Work equals force multiplied by distance.12.The newly designed instrument is good in quality.13.The ability of some elements ot give off radiations is referred as the radioactivity.Part three:Translation:1. 20多年前，激光引发了一场技术革命。

科技英语翻译复习题1.To transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy.传送电磁波需要能量。

2.Chemical control will do most of things in pest control.化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。

3. It is not until wires are connected that the path is completed.直到导线连上以后，此电路才连通。

4. The odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing.对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。

5. Oscillator design is of an art rather than an exact science.与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。

6. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.发现迅速减少到1/7。

7. Birds and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all, so they cannot see colors.凡是在夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视锥细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。

8. Tsunami is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes海啸有时威力很大，足可催毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物9. Not everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved.并非每一个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能够免于坍塌。

一、单选题1.Oil and gas have also provided finance ministers worldwide ______ a convenient vehicle ______tax collecting.A、with…forB、for… withC、for…forD、with…with答案： A2.With the development of artificial intelligence, robots will do some manual work on the assemblyline ______ some mental work in the office.A、as far asB、as long asC、as soon asD、as well as答案： D3.I feel nervous about the ______ of the experiment as it determines the future of this domain.A、outcomeB、outlookC、outputD、outline答案： A4.Work has seemingly ______ into everything, including dinner parties.A、joinedB、leakedC、seepedD、connected答案： C5.Haier is an enterprise which is famous for manufacturing high-quality household ______.A、toolsB、equipmentC、appliancesD、facilities答案： C6.A few of the drugs are ______ and not covered by insurance companies.A、laboratoryB、experimentalC、experimentingD、experiment答案： B7.This process took at least seven days and was so ______ and time-consuming that the sourcing department normally sent out bid packages only to two or three suppliers at a time.A、objectiveB、overallC、inbornD、complex答案： D8.Another comforting fact is that only 14 per cent of our household income is spent on our mortgages ______ 40 per cent in the late 1980s.A、combined withB、dealt withC、compared withD、replaced with答案： C9.It is required that anyone who applies for this job should ______ a recent photo to the application form.A、attackB、attachC、attendD、attempt答案： B10.Hearing the joke, all the students burst into ______ laughter.A、visualB、long-standingC、spontaneousD、contributing答案： C11.On the northeast top of the tree grew an arc-shaped __________ bending down the ground,looking like a gate.A、chunkB、benchC、chopD、branch答案： D12.Every year we say we’ll spend less at Christmas, and every year it still _______.A、keeps under controlB、comes to the endC、gets out of handD、goes beyond reach答案： C13.Once Mrs. Kirkpatrik _________ you in conversation, you’re stuck with her for at least half anD、finds答案： C14.If a murderer intentionally set out to __________ a crime, he should answer for the consequences.A、carryB、commitC、hostD、hold答案： B15.Most people agree that there are __________ of behavior which need to be upheld, but agreeingon them is rather more difficult.A、criterionB、linesC、standardsD、kinds答案： C16.The inquiry heard that tobacco smuggling into the UK was seriously affecting the profits of______ importers.A、permanentB、intelligentC、extinctD、legitimate答案： D17.A marine shale, once believed to be a black mud rich in organic compounds, is a common sourcerock to ______ oil.A、blockB、discoverC、originateD、prevent答案： C18.General Electric has taken a number of steps to improve its purchasing, and the most recent one______ the Internet.A、involvesB、performsC、operatesD、determines答案： A19.During my mother's long illness I was __________ by a middle-aged couple on the other side ofD、fostered答案： D20.China’s energy ______ resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas resources are relativelyabundant, but the structure of these types of resources is not ideal.A、hydrogenB、bitumenC、mineralD、oxygen答案： C21.It has been __________ that 25 percent of homeless adults aged 18 years and older suffer fromsevere mental illness.A、establishedB、intimatedC、evaluatedD、estimated答案： D22.Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite ______ now.A、favourableB、criticalC、profitableD、stable答案： D二、阅读理解1. Psychiatrists ( 精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset inchild rearing - older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents'biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, "end up retiring much later." For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he's also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he's learned that young at heart doesn't mean young. Lately he's been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. "They worry they'll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they'll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school," says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won't be alive long enough to support and protect their child," she says.Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility (受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy,had twins. "We both wanted children," says Marilyn, who was 55 whenshe gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, "a sense of family."Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. 'The dads are older, more mature," says Dr. Silber, "and more ready to focus on parenting."(1).Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?A、Older parents can better balance their resources against children's demands.B、Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.C、Older parents are often better prepared financially.D、Older parents can take better care of their children.答案： D(2).What does the author mean by saying "For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream" (Lines 7-8, Para.1)?A、They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.B、They can't get full pension unless they work some extra years.C、They can't obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.D、They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.答案： A(3).The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that ____.A、many people are young in spirit despite their advanced ageB、taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energyC、older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodiesD、older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children答案： C(4).What's the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?A、Being laughed at by other people.B、Slowing down of their pace of life.C、Being mistaken for grandparents.D、Approaching of death.答案： D(5).What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?A、They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.B、Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.C、They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.D、Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.答案： B2. As evidence that the Earth’s atmosphere is warming continues to accumulate, scientists are making slow progress toward an answer to the big question raised by the evidence: How much of the warming is due to human activity and how much to natural causes?The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the group of scientists widely considered the most authoritative voice on the subject, has already concluded that there is a “discernible human influence” on the global climate. Now the panel is deep into another of its periodic full-scale scientific assessments of global climate change.Some experts on the problem say the human imprint on climate is becoming clearer, and may even have been the dominant factor in the global warming of recent decades. Not everyone agrees and virtually all experts say that in any case, a reliable estimate of the human imprint’s magnitude still remains some distance off.A number of influences, both natural and man-made, cause the planet’s temperature to vary. The natural ones include changes in solar radiation, and sulfate droplets called aerosols cast aloftby erupting volcanoes, which cools the atmosphere by reflecting sunlight.The human influence stems mostly from emissions of waste industrial gases like carbon dioxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere, and sulfate aerosols from industrial smokestacks.Human factors appeared to be playing a part, but no judgment has been made on whether that part was big, small or in between.One recent piece of evidence suggesting a strong human influence, which seems likely to carry some weight with the intergovernmental panel, appeared recently in the journal Nature. Scientists analyzed the global climate record of the last century in an effortto isolate and quantify the major factors producing the century’s rise of about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the Earth’s average surface temperature.The research team found that in the earlier part of the century, the rise could be explained either by an increase in solar radiation or a combination of stronger solar radiation and heat-trapping greenhouse gases emitted by industrial economies. But they found that after the mid-1970s, when about half the century’s warming took place, the warming resulted largely from the greenhouse gases.Meanwhile, evidence of warming and its effects continues to mount. Earlier this year, scientists at the University of Massachusetts and the University of Arizona reconstructed the average annual surface temperature trend of the Northern Hemisphere for the last 1000 years. They found that the 20th century was the warmest of the millennium and that the warmest years of all occurred in the 1990s, with 1998 the warmest on record.(1).The earth’s atmosphere is warming, ______.A、mainly because of human factorB、mainly because of natural causesC、the reason of which is unknownD、which is being studied by scientists答案： D(2).Maybe sulfate aerosols are all caused by ______.A、erupting volcanoesB、industrial smokestacksC、both A and BD、none of the above答案： C(3).In the 20th century the global climate has risen by ______.A、20%B、about 1 degree FahrenheitC、1 degree centigradeD、We have no idea about this.答案： B(4).Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、About half of the 20th century’s rise in average global climate resulted mostly from the greenhouse gases.B、Half of the 20th century’s warming took place in the last thirty years.C、The 20th century is the warmest in the last 1000 years.D、All of the above.答案： D(5).The global climate rise in the earlier part of the 20th century is due to ______.A、an increase in solar radiation onlyB、greenhouse gasesC、eruption of volcanoesD、either an increase in solar radiation or a combination of stronger solar radiation and greenhouse gases答案： D3.Our environment is getting worse and worse with the increase of the world population, which affects the environment in two ways. Firstly, the limited energy resources will be used up much faster. Secondly, the increasing population creates more pollution, another severe problem that needs to be solved. Both problems are long-term ones because actions taken now show their results slowly over many years. They are also urgent because delays in action can lead to great suffering and social problems. The question seems to be difficult to handle for most people. However, a person can be a protector of environment in everyday life if he takes actions to save the environment right now. With the development of technology, cars make transportation easier and quicker than before, but we can’t ignore the disadvantages brought to us by more and more cars in use. For example, we are consuming gasoline（汽油）, which is a non-renewable(无法更新的) resource, and will soon be gone. Moreover, the exhausted gas from cars pollutes our air, and our health is therefore threatened by air pollution, which has a big potential effect on our daily life. So we can consider walking, taking buses, carpooling (合用汽车), instead of driving cars alone. This seems to be a very slow process that can’t be so effective if it’s taken by a single person. But when more and more people become aware of the importance and positively take it as their personal responsibilities, the condition of the air will be improved to a great extent.(1).According to the writer, the main problem to our environment today is_____.A、the increase of populationB、the limited energy resourcesC、the more serious air pollutionD、the development of technology答案： A(2).From the passage, we can know that_____.A、effective measures can be taken mainly by the governmentB、taking measures now can soon improve the environmentC、immediate measures can cause great suffering and social problemsD、every single person’s action has some effect on environment protection答案： D(3).The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is most probably to_______.A、complain about people’s slow actions to protect the environmentB、advise people to take actions to protect the environmentC、show himself to be an active environment protectorD、point out the bad effects of technologies in protecting environment答案： B(4).The author believes that carpooling_____.A、can give help to those without carsB、can save people money and timeC、can save energy resources and reduce air pollutionD、can promote friendship among drivers答案： C(5).The passage is mainly about______.A、environment protectionB、energy crisisC、pollution problemsD、social problems答案： A4. Ironically in theUnited States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often tension between each established group of immigrants and each succeeding group. As each group became more financially successful, and more powerful, they excluded newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are part of American history; however, this prejudicial treatment of different groups is nowhere more unjust than with black Americans.Blacks had distinct disadvantages. For the most part, they came to the “land of opportunity”as slaves and they were not free to keep their heritage and cultural traditions. Unlike most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separated members of the same family. They could not mix easily with the established society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to adapt to the American culture. Even after they became free people, they still experienced discrimination in employment, housing and education.Until the twentieth century, the majority of the black population lived in the southern part of theUnited States. Then there was a population shift to the large cities in the North. Prejudice against blacks is often associated with the South. Slavery was more common there and discrimination was usually easier to see.In the 1950s and 1960s, blacks fought to gain fair treatment, and they now have legal protection in housing, education, and employment. Because their neighborhoods are segregated(隔离), many blacks feel that educational opportunities are not adequate for their children. Busing children from one neighborhood to another is one solution to inequality in education. Naturally, all parents want the best possible education for their children.The situation of blacks is better today than it was in the 1950s, but racial tension persists. Time will be the real solution to the problem of race.(1).What is the main subject of the passage?A、Prejudice and discrimination in theUnited States.B、Education in theUnited States.C、Prejudice against American blacks.D、Unemployment in theUnited States.答案： A(2).When a group of immigrants became strong in its economy, they were likely to _____.A、prevent new settlers from being greatly involved in social activitiesB、show prejudice and discrimination against newcomersC、fight with the natives to gain more landD、fight among themselves to establish a more dominating role答案： A(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A、Blacks in theUnited Stateswere among those who were worst discriminated.B、Prejudice and discrimination are part of theUnited States.C、It was not easy for blacks to get accustomed to the American culture.D、The problem of prejudice and discrimination in theUnited Stateswon’t be solved before long.答案： A(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_____.A、blacks are free people now， so they can enjoy equal rights as whites.B、the government of theUnited Statesis not attaching great attention to the education of blacks.C、now there are more blacks living in the North than in the SouthD、prejudice and discrimination are more severe in the South than in the North答案： D(5).By “busing children from one neighborhood to another is one solution to inequality in education”, the authorimplies that ____.A、black children are slow in learning in their own neighborhoodB、black children can’t enjoy adequate education if they don’t go farC、black children are severely discriminated in their own neighborhoodD、black children are required to receive an education of a different culture答案： B。

《信息科技英语翻译》期末考试A卷参考答案一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1.所谓翻译就是把一种语言文字所表达的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来的语言转换过程，是通过译者在不同语言之间进行的一种语言交流活动。

A. 形式/内容B. 增译/省译C. 转换/交流D. 直译/意译2.著名的“信达雅”三字翻译标准是清末启蒙思想家严复所提出的。

A. 玄奘B. 严复C. 傅雷D. 钱钟书3.翻译中所谓的“忠实”，首先是指忠实于原文的内容。

A. 原文B. 译文C. 原语D. 译语4.信息科技英语的翻译标准应该是：准确规范、通顺易懂、简洁明晰。

A. 忠实、通顺B. 意美、形美、音美C. 传神、化境D. 准确规范、通顺易懂、简洁明晰5.信息科技英语翻译中所谓的准确，就是忠实地、不折不扣地传达原文的全部信息内容。

A. 信息B. 意义C. 风格D. 思想6.要做好科技英语的翻译工作，通常要求译者具有较高的英语水平、汉语水平、科技知识水平和翻译理论水平。

A. 口头表达能力B. 书面表达水平C. 英语水平D. 思维能力7.信息科技英语文体的特点是第三人称多，被动语态多，专业名词、术语多，非谓语动词多，长句子多。

A. 第一人称B. 第二人称C. 第三人称D. 三种人称8.信息科技英语翻译中直译法是最常见的译法之一。

A. 直译法B. 意译法C. 合译法D. 分译法9.英语中的同一个词，同一词类，在不同场合往往有不同的含义，常常要求译者根据上下文的联系，以及句型来确定某个词在特定场合下的词义。

A. 词语B. 词汇C. 词序D. 词义10.所谓增译就是在译文中添加英语原文省略、或原文中无其词而有其意的词语。

A. 省译B. 增译C. 顺译D. 倒译二、是非题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1.由于英汉两种语言结构与表达方式的不同，有些句子在汉译时不能逐词对译。

（是）2.英语中有大量动词派生的名词和具有动词意义的名词，均不可以转译为汉语的动词。

西南交通大学研究生科技英语翻译期末复习题.doc科技英语翻译联系200句l.lb transmit electromagnetic waves takes energ y. 传送电磁波需要能呆2.ChemicaI control will do most of things in pest control.化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作丿IJ。

3.It is not until wires are connected that the path is completed?直到导线接上以后，此电路才接通。

4?Thc odds arc heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing.对任何能从爭爱因斯坦正在进行的抽彖理论研究的人来说，条件都足极为不利的。

5.Oscillator design is of an art rather than an exact science.与英说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。

6.A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed. 发现迅速减少到（了）1/7。

7?Birds and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all,so they cannot see colors.凡是夜间觅仓的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视维细胞数量极少或根木没冇，所以不能辨别颜色。

8.Tsunami is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes.海啸有时威力很大，足可摧毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物。

英语科技翻译考试题及答案一、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "nanotechnology" refers to the technology that deals with structures on a scale of ________.A. nanometersB. millimetersC. centimetersD. meters答案：A2. In the context of artificial intelligence, "neural network" is a model inspired by ________.A. human brainB. computer algorithmsC. natural languageD. mechanical engineering答案：A3. The process of converting solar energy into electricity is known as ________.A. photosynthesisB. thermodynamicsC. solar photovoltaicsD. nuclear fusion答案：C4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a quantum computer?A. SuperpositionB. EntanglementC. DeterministicD. Quantum tunneling答案：C5. The term "biotechnology" is often associated with the manipulation of ________.A. electronic devicesB. living organismsC. chemical compoundsD. geological formations答案：B6. In the field of robotics, "actuator" refers to a component that ________.A. senses the environmentB. processes informationC. moves or controls a mechanismD. stores energy答案：C7. "Internet of Things" (IoT) involves the interconnection of everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data,which is based on ________.A. cloud computingB. artificial intelligenceC. machine learningD. traditional networking答案：A8. The abbreviation "AI" stands for ________.A. Artificial IntelligenceB. Artificial InputC. Advanced InterfaceD. Automated Interaction答案：A9. "Genetic engineering" involves the ________ of an organism's genes.A. removalB. additionC. modificationD. replication答案：C10. "Cybersecurity" is concerned with protecting ________.A. physical infrastructureB. digital informationC. environmental resourcesD. financial assets答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The smallest unit of data in computing is called a________.答案：bit2. A ________ is a type of computer system designed to recognize, interpret, and simulate human actions.答案：robot3. In computer science, "algorithm" refers to a well-defined procedure that produces an answer to a ________.答案：problem4. The study of the behavior and interactions of dispersed phase(s) in a fluid medium is known as ________.答案：fluid mechanics5. A ________ is a device that uses light to transmit information.答案：fiber optic6. The process of converting data into a format that can be easily shared or analyzed is called ________.答案：data mining7. "Virtual reality" is a computer-generated simulation of a ________ environment.答案：three-dimensional8. The ________ is a set of rules that defines how data is formatted, transmitted, received, and processed.答案：protocol9. A ________ is a type of computer program that canreplicate itself and often spread to other computers.答案：virus10. "Machine learning" is a subset of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn from and make decisions based on ________.答案：data三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共30分）阅读以下段落，并回答问题。