英语人教版八年级下册比较级最高级的用法(汇编)
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比较:同级比较、比较级、最高级(一)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词及副词的比较级和最高级变化形式一、规则变化1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,big-bigger-biggest【注】: 大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖. 双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat )5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful【注】:表示否定意义(降级比较)在其前加less /least important----less important----least importantEnglish is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English . 6.由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/ mostslowly---more slowly----most slowly 类似的词:quickly / cheaply / clearly / quietly / loudly但early—earlier---earliest三、常见用法*比较级考点:1.形容词或副词的比较级+than。
如:You are taller than Tom. 你比Tom高。
可修饰比较级的词much even far still rather any a little a lot a bit2.the+比较级,the+比较级。
比较级和最高级用法总结一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1. 一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;(1) 单音节词如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest(2) 双音节词如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest2. 以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest3. 在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5. 其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily注意:①形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用。
例句:The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.②形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。
Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world.第1课时:形容词和副词的比较级和最高级学习目标与重点:了解并掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法。
一、请你思考:什么是形容词和副词?形容词可作定语修饰名词,也可作表语,表示人或事物的属性或特征等。
副词用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间、地点、程度等概念。
它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级,即________ , __________和_____________.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成(一)规则变化.三、形容词和副词等级的用法(一)原级的用法1. 只能修饰原级的词:very,quite,so,too。
例如:He is too_________ ( tired) to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs so ______(fast) that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2. 原级常用的句型结构:原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定形式为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)例如:You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).He has as many books as I (have).as在这里既可作介词又可作连词。
作介词时,后接人称代词的宾格。
作连词时,后接一个省略的比较状语从句。
表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时放在as的前面。
例如:This room is twice as big as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
(二)比较级的用法1. 可以修饰比较级的词:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even甚至,still仍然。
人教版英语八年级下册形容词比较级最高级讲义一、知识点讲解1. 基本概念形容词的比较级用于比较两个事物或人的状态或特征,而最高级则用于比较三个或更多事物或人的状态或特征,以表示哪一个最具有某种性质或特征。
2. 比较级最高级变化规则(1)规则变化•单音节形容词和大多数双音节形容词在构成比较级和最高级时,通常在形容词后加“-er”或“-est”,或在形容词前加“more”或“most”。
•例如:tall → taller → tallest;happy → happier → happiest(2)不规则变化•一些形容词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的,需要单独记忆。
•例如:good → better → best;bad → worse → worst(3)多音节形容词•对于多音节形容词和某些特殊的双音节形容词,通常在形容词前加“more”或“most”来构成比较级和最高级。
•例如:beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful3. 结构与用法(1)比较级•结构:A + be动词+ 形容词比较级+ than + B•示例:He is taller than me.(2)最高级•结构:A + be动词+ the + 形容词最高级+ (in/of) + 范围•示例:She is the most beautiful girl in our class.二、练习(一)填空题1.The _______ (big) house in the village belongs to the old man.2.She is one of the _______ (popular) girls in our school.3.I am _______ (happy) today than I was yesterday.4.This book is _______ (interesting) than that one.5.He is the _______ (hard-working) student in his class.6.My brother is two years _______ (old) than me.7.I like the _______ (small) one of the two apples.8.The _______ (early), the better.9.This is the _______ (expensive) gift I have ever received.10.Which is _______ (far), the school or the hospital?(二)单选题1.Who is _______ in your family, your father or your mother?A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest2.This dictionary is _______ than that one, but _______ of them are expensive.A. cheaper; bothB. more expensive; neitherC. cheaper; neitherD. more expensive; both3.She is _______ girl in our class.A. a most beautifulB. the most beautifulC. most beautifulD. the more beautiful4.The yellow shirt is _______ of the two.A. the cheaperB. cheaperC. more cheapD. the most cheap5.Which do you like _______, coffee, tea or milk?A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best6.He is _______ than his brother.A. the tallestB. tallestC. tallerD. tall7.Lucy is as _______ as Lily.A. carefulB. more carefulC. most carefulD. the most careful8.Of the two sisters, Betty is _______ one, and she is also _______ one.A. the younger; the clevererB. the youngest; the cleverestC. younger; clevererD. youngest; cleverest9.The _______ you work, the _______ grades you will get.A. harder; betterB. hard; goodC. harder; goodD. hard; better10.The population of China is _______ than that of any other country in Asia.A. largerB. the largestC. largerD. much larger11.The Changjiang River is one of _______ rivers in the world.A. the longestB. longerC. longestD. the long12.She is _______ girl in our class.A. a most beautifulB. much more beautifulC. the most beautifulD. more beautiful13.My room is not as _______ as yours.A. bigB. biggerC. biggestD. the biggest14.She sings _______ than her sister.A. more beautifulB. much beautifulC. much more beautifullyD. more beautifully15.This story is not so _______ as that one.A. interestingB. more interestingC. most interestingD. the most(三)中文翻译英文1.他是我们班跑得最快的男生。
(完整版)比较级和最高级用法总结比较级和最高级是英语中用来表示两个或多个人或事物之间的比较关系的形式。
在本文档中,我们将总结比较级和最高级的用法。
1. 比较级的形式和用法1.1 形式比较级的形式是在形容词或副词前加上"-er"或"-est"。
有些形容词和副词则需要在前面加上"more"或"most"。
形容词比较级的形式:基本形式:tall比较级形式:taller最高级形式:tallest形容词比较级的形式(需要加上"more"):基本形式:beautiful比较级形式:more beautiful最高级形式:most beautiful副词比较级的形式:基本形式:quickly比较级形式:more quickly 或 faster最高级形式:most quickly 或 fastest1.2 用法比较级常用于以下几种情况:- 比较两个人或物体的相对性质或程度。
例如:- He is taller than his brother.- This book is more interesting than that one.- 比较两个人或物体进行选择或决策。
例如:- I prefer coffee to tea.- She is more suitable for the job.- 表示一个人或物体在某一方面比另一个人或物体更具特征。
例如:- The second movie was scarier than the first one.- He is more intelligent than his classmates.2. 最高级的形式和用法2.1 形式最高级的形式是在形容词或副词前加上定冠词"the",并在其后加上"-est"。
有些形容词和副词则需要在前面加上"most"。
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级目标:1.了解形容词和的考点2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的理解和运用3.通过练习巩固形容词和副词的用法一.分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级级。
1.原级:无比较时,只能用原级(原形)例如:She is tall.Our school is beautiful.Tom runs fast.I play the piano well.修饰原级的词:very, quite, pretty, really,too, so, enough等如:I am pretty healthy.English is so difficult.Mary sings very well.We work really hard.二. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化(a)规则变化1) 一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级+er,最高级+est。
如:clever — cleverer — cleverestfew — fewer — fewestsmall — smaller — smallest 等。
2) 以e结尾的词,比较级+r,最高级+st 即可。
如:nice — nicer — nicestcute — cuter — cutestlarge — larger — largest3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i+er或est如: easy — easier — easiesthappy — happier — happiest再如:early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。
4) 重读闭音节,单辅音结尾的,双写这个辅音字母+er 或est 的词:① fat — fatter — fattest② thin — thinner — thinnest③ hot — hotter — hottest④ red — redder — reddest⑤ wet — wetter — wettest⑥ big — bigger — biggest5) 多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前+more 构成比较级,+the most 构成最高级。
人教版八年级英语重点语法汇总一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级1.形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则(1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。
① 单音节单词small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest② 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest(2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。
easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest(5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily(6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。
good→better→bestwell→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar →further/farther→ furthest/farthest2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。
形容词和副词的比较等级重点句型(1)形容词及副词比较级的基本用法:1)比较级+ than: “…比…更……”A+be+形容词的比较级+than+B,“A比B更……”。
A+实义动词+副词的比较级+than+B,“A比B更……”。
例如:His brother is younger than I(am). 他弟弟比我年轻。
= His brother is younger than me.The ruler is longer than that one. 这把尺子比那把长。
She walks more quickly than I (do).她走得比我快。
= She walks more quickly than me.than可以作prep.也可以作conj. 如果than作prep.,其后跟宾语;如果than作conj.,后面跟主格形式,用be动词、助动词代替前面的动词短语,也可以省略。
【注意】1.在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间相比较。
例:I have more books than he.= My books are more than his.2.比较级前可用基数词+ n.构成的短语表示变量。
例:I am two years older than he.This ruler is one meter longer than that one.3.在比较级前有时可加一些修饰语,以示强调或加强语气。
(1)much / a lot / far + 比较级,意为“……得多”。
例:He’s feeling a lot better today. 他今天感觉好多了。
This movie is much more interesting than that one. 这部影片比那部有趣得多。
(2)a little / a bit +比较级,意为“稍微”。
例:Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow? 明天你能早点儿到校吗?(3)even +比较级,意为“甚至……”。
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Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world.
第1课时:形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
学习目标与重点:了解并掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法。
一、请你思考:什么是形容词和副词?
形容词可作定语修饰名词,也可作表语,表示人或事物的属性或特征等。
副词用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间、地点、程度等概念。
它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级,即________ , __________和_____________.
二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成
(一)规则变化
.
三、形容词和副词等级的用法
(一)原级的用法
1. 只能修饰原级的词:very,quite,so,too。
例如:
He is too_________ ( tired) to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs so ______(fast) that I can’t follow him.
我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2. 原级常用的句型结构:
原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定形式为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)例如:
You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).
He has as many books as I (have).
as在这里既可作介词又可作连词。
作介词时,后接人称代词的宾格。
作连词时,后接一个省略的比较状语从句。
表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时放在as的前面。
例如:
This room is twice as big as that one.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。
(二)比较级的用法
1. 可以修饰比较级的词:much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even甚至,still仍然。
例如:
Lesson One is much_________(easy) than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。
Tom looks even __________(young) than before.汤姆看上去甚至比以前更年轻。
2. 比较级常用的句型结构
(1) 比较级+ than例如:
I got up _______(early) than my mother this morning.我今天早晨比我妈妈起床早。
(2) “甲+be+形容词比较级/ 实意动词+副词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“甲最……”。
例如:
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。
=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。
=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。
注意:The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。
(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of t he two+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。
例如:
Look at the two boys. My brother is _________(tall) of the two.
看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
例如:
He is getting _______________(tall ).他变得越来越高了。
The flowers are _____________________( beautiful).花儿越来越漂亮了。
He does his homework _________________(careful).他做作业越来越认真了。
(5)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。
例如:
_______________(careful) you are,___________(few) mistakes you’ll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少。
(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级/实意动词+副词比较级,甲or乙?”例如:
Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?哪一个大,地球还是月球?
1比较对象相同时,可用that, those等代词代替第二个比较对象。
例如:
The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan.上海的天气比武汉的好。
2. “比较级+ than”与“not so/as + adj./adv. +as”的相互转换。
例如:
Maria is not so / as brave as Helen. = Helen is braver than Maria.海伦比玛利亚更勇敢。
3. 比较级必须是同类人或事物相比较。
例如:
My hair is longer than Tom’s. 我的头发比汤姆的长。
4. You are taller than me. = You are taller than I (am).
I don’t think his writing is more beautiful than yours.
than在这里既可作介词又可作连词。
作介词时,后接人称代词的宾格。
作连词时,后接一个省略的比较状语从句。
(三)最高级常用句型结构:
(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级/实义动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。
例如:
Tom is the tallest in his class/of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。
(2)“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
例如:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+形容词最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较。
例如:
Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?中国、巴西和加拿大相比,哪个国家最大?
最高级+(名词)+ 表示范围的短语“……是第二(三……)……”
the,副词最高级前可加可不加。
实战演练:用所给词的正确形式填空
1.This bag is a little _______(heavy) than that one.
2.Mr. Smith is a ______(good) teacher. He always helps us to learn math.
3.Dave is __________ (quiet) than most of the kids in his class.
4.Wang Ling walks as__________ (quick) as Lily does.
5. My sister is two years __________(old ) than I.
6.Tom is__________ (funny) than any other boy in his class.
7. My sister is __________________(athletic) than me.
8.The short one is _____________(expensive) than the long one.
9. Ann has ___________(many) apples than Amy.
10. He is much ___________(busy) than me.
11. It’s____________ (danger) to climb the tree.。