高中英语专题讲解----完形填空解题技巧
1、通览全文，了解大意
由于完型填空试题主要测试同学们在语篇层面上综合运用语言的能力，在解答试题的之前应快速阅读全文，抓住文章的主题，搞清作者的思路及上下文的逻辑关系。一般说来，通读的关键是弄清第一句(往往点明主题，且是没留空白的完整句)和最后一句(往往总结、概括全文)。另外，在浏览时全文的时候，要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when，where，what。例如有篇文章的第一句话为：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next？这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，就会很快的知道文中的内容应与热胀冷缩的物理现象有关。
2、快速反应，初做答案
找到文章的突破口之后，就要趁着思路清晰时，快速做出反应，一鼓作气将文中所有能填的空填起来，不因某试题暂时给不了答案的题停留太久。做题以了解文章的大意为前提，如遇个别难题，可以暂时跳过去或初拟一个答案；如果停滞不前，不但会打断思路、造成时间上和心理上的紧张，而且往往无济于事。
在填每个空格时，注意分析选项所在的上下文，弄清上下文间的逻辑关系，注意空格前后的词，看是否能与某一选项构成固定搭配。从各个角度考虑，初步做出每个小题的答案。
3、再次查读，攻克难关
初选过后，可能还会留下一些空档，此时，再重读文章，从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文，看其是否通顺流畅、条理清晰、符合逻辑。与此同时，将未填的空档全部补齐。由于选答案时讲求一气呵成，初选过后还应根据上下文对有疑问或把握不准的答案进行推敲。在具体的操作中应注意以下的问题：1）看清上下文，找准定位词
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：
1. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ______
A. deep
B. high
C. cold
D. dangerous
2. Mrs. O’Neill asked_________ questions and she didn’t scold us either.
A. no
B. certain
C. many
D. more
2）通顺逻辑，寻求搭配
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：
Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_______ so much money.
A. for
B. by
C. to
D. of
3）扎实基础，搞清辨异
在此类试题的命制上，往往是以同类的词为主，我们不需要去进行具体的辨析，但是我们也要根据文章的意思来进行推断。如：
Soon I heard a________ like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.
A. sound
B. cry
C. voice
D. shout
When the papers were __________ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly…
A. examined
B. completed
C. marked
D. answered
4）看清执行者，确定所选词
And video cameras can be used to＿＿＿＿＿people’s actions at home.
A. keep
B. make
C. record
D. watch
5）寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系
It has been many years since I was last in London________ still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and
B. for
C. but
D. as
6）了解生活常识，确定相关知识
(Immediately ) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the＿＿＿＿＿hospital.
A. animal
B. biggest
C. plant
D. nearest
完型填空解题技巧：巧用线索法
所谓线索法，指的是根据文章上下文所提供的故事背景和语境线索进行推理和判断，从而确定最佳答案。具体说来有以下几种行之有效的方法。
1.巧用语意转折线索解题
有些句子含有表示转折或对比的连词、副词或副词短语，如but，though，although，instead，however，on the contrary，otherwise等，我们可利用这些暗示来解决问题。有时也可能没有这些词语的出现。如：
A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters ___1___ to businesses，schools or government offices. ___2___ letters are for relatives，or former（以前的）teachers. You may write an informal letter by hand，but you should ___3___ a formal letter.
1. A. send B. are written C. write D. are dropped
2. A. Informal B. Formal C. Business D. Relative
3. A. copy B. type C. write D. share
2.巧用因果关系线索解题
即根据上下文的因果关系进行推断，从而得出所需答案。如：
It was a strange noise that made the man ___1___ his car soon after he left a village ___2___ London. He got out of his car and ___3___ the wheels（车轮）carefully，but as he found nothing ___4___ he continued his way.
1. A. start B. stop C. slow D. speed
2. A. to B. for C. from D. of
3. A. repaired B. examined C. cleaned D. looked
4. A. wrong B. danger C. interesting D. matter
3.巧用具体示例线索解题
即根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而便可得出所需答案。如：
Every student must wear their ___1___ when they are at school. There are ___2___ items of uniforms：suits，dresses，shorts，skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags，caps and socks.
1. A. long hair B. thick glasses C. sports shoes D. school uniforms
2. A. much B. three C. many D. a lot
4.巧用同义反义线索解题
Though he is serious in appearance，he never fails to be interesting. Often he is clever，sometimes even ______ and gay…
A. worried
B. bright
C. discouraging
D. friendly
As it turned out，my little publication went on to become Student，a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children，and I‘d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad ______ me.
A. controlled
B. comforted
C. reminded
D. raised
即根据文章所提供的内容，同时结合一定的生活常识，对所推断的内容进行逻辑推理和逻辑顺序。如：
I went to Wasley College with Winnic today. Wasley is a large，old ___1___. It has three branch campuses（分校）：Clunes，Glen Waverly and Elasterwick. It has a primary school，a ___2___ school and
a senior school. So there are twelve grades of ___3___ studying there.
1. A. school B. factory C. movie D. hospital
2. A. night B. junior C. high D. spare-time
